Social Emotion Research Articles

Communicating Destination Social Responsibility Through Social Media: The Roles of Tourists’ Social Engagement, Citizenship Behaviors, and Emotions

Social media is a particularly useful tool to promote sustainable tourism destinations. However, little is known about consumer engagement with social media communication in a destination social responsibility (DSR) context within the tourism industry. Grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response model, this study examines the factors that influence the intention to generate electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) on DSR issues through a specific social networking site. This research includes tourists’ social engagement, citizenship behaviors, perceived DSR, emotional responses to perceived DSR, and emotions toward a post as explanatory variables to investigate a specific behavioral intention as the outcome. The authors designed a study based on an online survey of Spanish Facebook users. Empirical testing confirmed most of the hypothesized effects except the influence of tourists’ helping behaviors on the intention to share the post.

Menuju Keluarga yang Harmonis: Manajemen Konflik Politik dalam Keluarga di Tengah Perbedaan Pilihan Politik

Different political choices within households create interesting dynamics as well as potential conflicts. This phenomenon reflects the diversity of views and values within families. This research utilizes primary sources such as books, journals, and websites, covering diverse perspectives. Qualitative research type and descriptive-analytic method are used to describe and analyze the conflict. Two theoretical frameworks, social conflict and conflict management, were used for a more comprehensive understanding. The results show that family harmony is considered important as it contributes to the well-being of family members. Political conflicts in the family, especially related to the presidential and vice presidential elections, are complex and influenced by social media, identity, and emotional aspects. Solutions involve understanding, open communication, information checking, the value of tolerance, and an agreement to maintain privacy in political discussions. The role of parents is crucial in modeling good behavior. Analysis based on social conflict theory highlights the role of social media, identity and emotions in conflict. Identification of differences and poor communication exacerbate tensions. Conflict management provides guidance on solutions and steps to manage differences in political views in the family. Overall, this study shows that social conflict management can be applied in a family context to maintain harmony amidst differences in political choices. The proposed solutions involve understanding, open communication, information checking, the value of tolerance, and the role of parents as positive behavior models. Thus, family harmony can be maintained, creating a healthy and loving family environment.

Prepare to Compare: Effects of an Intervention Involving Upward and Downward Social Comparisons on Goal Pursuit in Daily Life.

In a preregistered ecological momentary intervention study, we alternately instructed participants to adopt an upward and downward comparison focus. In all, 349 participants reported 8,137 social comparison situations across 6 days and three comparison conditions (baseline, upward, downward). For each comparison, participants reported social comparison direction, motivation, effort intentions, and emotions in five daily reports and one daily end-of-day summary. As predicted, an upward comparison focus resulted in more self-improvement motivation (pushing) and more negative emotions, whereas days with a downward comparison focus resulted in decreased motivation (coasting) but more positive emotions (vs. baseline). However, at the end of the day, people experienced lower goal approach on upward but higher goal approach on downward comparison days. Hence, engaging in strategic upward comparison was motivating in the short term but resulted in surprisingly opposite effects at the end of the day. We offer possible explanations from cognitive and motivational perspectives.

PARENTING MANAGEMENT IN FORMING SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF KINDERGARTEN IN BELITUNG

Social emotionality in children is one of the most important things in forming a child's personality. Air Seru State Kindergarten, Belitung Regency has various programs for personality development. The aim of this research is to analyze the conditions of parenting management in improving social emotional development in the Air Seru State Kindergarten, Belitung Regency as well as increasing the role of parents and educators in responding to children's social emotional development. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive analysis methods using data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The informants in this research consisted of institutional managers and parents. To complete the data, namely articles and/or others related to this research. The results of this research show that the parenting management carried out at the Air Seru State Kindergarten, Belitung Regency can shape the social emotionality of students and the closeness between parents, educators and students is well established on a regular basis, this is due to the planning that is carried out such as group community activities. parents and school institutions that run actively, students' social development that develops with direction and training at school and then accompanied by application at home. However, there are weaknesses, namely that some children lack parenting patterns due to problems at home or in the family.

Child inhibited temperament and caregiver distraction encouragement jointly predict children’s delay of gratification competencies

A cool attentional focus during the classic delay of gratification (DG) task involves shifting attention away from the emotion-arousing features and is a key mechanism that underlies children’s ability to resist temptation and wait. Yet, we know relatively little about what gives rise to individual differences in cool focus in the first place. The current study (N = 162, Mage = 6.86 years) addressed this question by focusing on key aspects of child temperament (i.e., behavioral inhibition, BI) and caregiver emotion socialization (i.e., distraction encouragement) as joint predictors of cool focus. We theorized that because children are left alone in an unfamiliar environment for an undefined duration, the DG task would be especially taxing for children higher in BI, hindering their ability to deploy a cool focus and wait. We also reasoned that caregiver encouragement of distraction would serve as a protective factor by allowing children higher in BI to more easily activate a cool focus even when experiencing a taxing task. Results were partially consistent with these hypotheses, shedding new light on precursors to a central ingredient of DG ability.

Developing conversational Virtual Humans for social emotion elicitation based on large language models

Emotions play a critical role in numerous processes, including, but not limited to, social interactions. Consequently, the ability to evoke and recognize emotions is a challenging task with widespread implications, notably in the field of mental health assessment systems. However, up until now, emotional elicitation methods have not utilized simulated open social conversations. Our study introduces a comprehensive Virtual Human (VH), equipped with a realistic avatar and conversational abilities based on a Large Language Model. This architecture integrates psychological constructs – such as personality, mood, and attitudes – with emotional facial expressions, lip synchronization, and voice synthesis. All these features are embedded into a modular, cognitively-inspired framework, specifically designed for voice-based semi-guided emotional conversations in real time. The validation process involved an experiment with 64 participants interacting with six distinct VHs, each designed to provoke a different basic emotion. The system took an average of 4.44 s to generate the VH’s response. Participants assessed the naturalness and realism of the conversation, scoring averages of 4.61 and 4.44 out of 7, respectively. The VHs successfully generated the intended emotional valence in the users, while arousal was not evoked, though it could be recognized in the VHs. Our findings underscore the feasibility of employing VHs within affective computing to elicit emotions in socially and ecologically valid contexts. This development holds significant potential for application in sectors such as health, education, and marketing, among others.

Assess the Quality Of Life of Nurses Working In Shift Duties In Public Sector Hospital

Working in shifts is a prerequisite for nurses to help patients, jeopardizing their own physical and mental health as well as having an influence on their social and family life, consequently leading to a lack of attentiveness and subpar job performance, putting the patients' lives in peril. This study aims to assess the nurses’ quality of life working in shift duties. 255 nurses participated in a cross-sectional analytical study of a public sector hospital. Participants were selected through consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. Data was collected using demographic characteristics and the WHO SF36 questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. The mean age was 31.6 ±7.3 years with the majority of 67.8% female nurses. The mean experience was 8.7 ± 6.4 years, duty hours 39 ± 11.7 hours, and 31% were working night shifts. Comparing the shift duties with all seven health parameters of quality of life, and general health, social activities energy and emotions were found statistically significant P<0.05. Compared with experience, only general health was found to have a statistically significant association at P<0.005 whereas no other parameter was found to have any association. Age and marital status showed a statistically significant association moreover, education also had an association with 3 health parameters. However, the experience was found to have a statistically significant association with mental health (P<0.007). The current study concluded that the health and quality of life of nurses are negatively impacted by the stress of their shift work. It may also cast a shadow over the delivery of care, which may be one of the variables influencing patients' outcomes.

A home-based telehealth randomized controlled trial of skills training in affective and interpersonal regulation versus present-centered therapy for women veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma.

This randomized trial tested the effectiveness of Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR) compared to present-centered therapy (PCT) delivered virtually to women veterans who had experienced military sexual trauma (MST) and screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One hundred sixty-one eligible women veterans were randomized into the study. The primary outcome was clinician-assessed PTSD severity (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale-5), while secondary outcomes included social support and several other symptom measures at posttreatment through 2- and 4-month follow-up. PTSD severity decreased in both conditions by posttreatment but significantly more (p = .028, d = 0.39) in STAIR (d = 1.12 [0.87, 1.37]) than PCT (d = .78 [0.54, 1.02]). STAIR was also superior in improving social support and emotion regulation and reducing depression and negative cognitions. Improvement in psychosocial functioning was moderate and did not differ between conditions. All changes were maintained through 2- and 4-month follow-ups. Dropout rates were low and did not differ (19.0% and 12.2%, respectively). STAIR provided superior outcomes compared to PCT regarding PTSD, social support, and multiple types of mental health problems among women veterans with MST. The application of STAIR to other populations with social support and related concerns warrants investigation. The substantial effect sizes for PTSD symptoms in both treatments suggest that they are practical alternatives for individuals who do not wish to participate in trauma-focused therapy and may increase engagement in mental health services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Investigating Gratitude and Nostalgia: A Research Proposal Examining the Chain Mediating Roles of Self-Compassion and Meaning in Life

Nostalgia is a multifaceted, ego-driven social emotion that emerges during reflections on the past and encourages prosocial behaviors. Gratitude is regarded as both a temperament and a moral sentiment aimed at an elevated state of acknowledgment, playing a significant role in fostering positive psychological outcomes. Besides, self-compassion is characterised by three fundamental elements: mindfulness, common humanity, and self-kindness, the act of treating oneself with kindness and empathy when confronted with difficulties, which can help alleviate emotional distress and promote emotional recovery, which means in life is defined as an individual's subjective perception that their life possesses coherence, purposefulness, and meaningfulness. This research proposal will provide a feasibility programme for future formal studies. Study 1 intends to recruit 160 participants online through a questionnaire, while Study 2 plans for online recruitment of 210 participants, employing an experimental approach to manipulate nostalgia versus non-nostalgia conditions. The results will likely indicate a positive relationship between nostalgia and gratitude, with self-compassion and meaning in life acting as chain mediators in explaining how nostalgia promotes gratitude. In other words, nostalgia can facilitate the experience of gratitude through a chain of mediating factors, including self-compassion and meaning in life.

Społeczna reakcja na wizerunek środowiska prawniczego przedstawiony w paradokumencie „Kasta”

The article is of a scientific and research nature. It addresses the problem of social reaction to the image of the legal community, which was presented in the para-documentary titled Caste (in Polish: Kasta). The series aroused social emotions, was noticed by viewers and caused many comments, which is worth investigating. The main thesis of the study is based on the assumption that the television broadcast could have influenced the strengthening of the negative image of lawyers in Polish society, which can be examined by analyzing the comments of Internet users posted online, including social media. Based on the analysis carried out on specific research material – the comments from Internet users, it turned out that the supporters of the para-documentary, convinced that it presents a true picture of the Polish justice system, showed a higher level of social emotions than its opponents. There were few comments directly defending members of legal professionals. The form and manner of communication were criticized more than the general negative image of the Polish judiciary. Although the conducted qualitative research covers one country, it shows the general reaction of ordinary people to the image of the legal professionals presented in a specific television production, which has become an inspiration for a debate on the Internet focusing on the condition of the Polish justice system.

Childhood conduct problems and parent–child talk during social and nonsocial play contexts: a naturalistic home-based experiment

Parent–child interactions are a critical pathway to emotion socialization, with disruption to these processes associated with risk for childhood behavior problems. Using computational linguistics methods, we tested whether (1) play context influenced parent–child socioemotional language, and (2) child conduct problems or callous-unemotional traits were associated with patterns of socioemotional or nonsocial language across contexts. Seventy-nine parent–child dyads (children, 5–6 years old) played a socioemotional skills (“social context”) or math (“nonsocial context”) game at home. We transcribed and analyzed game play, which had been audio recorded by participants. The social context elicited more socioemotional and cognitive words, while the nonsocial context elicited more mathematical words. The use of socioemotional language by parents and children was more strongly correlated in the social context, but context did not moderate the degree of correlation in cognitive or mathematical word use between parents and children. Children with more conduct problems used fewer socioemotional words in the social context, while children with higher callous-unemotional traits used fewer cognitive words in both contexts. We highlight the role of context in supporting socioemotionally rich parent–child language interactions and provide preliminary evidence for the existence of linguistic markers of child behavior problems. Our results also inform naturalistic assessments of parent–child interactions and home-based interventions for parents and children facing socioemotional or behavioral challenges.

Penyesuaian Kurikulum Dalam Mengimplementasikan Model Teoritis Untuk Meningkatkan Pembelajaran ABK Di SDN 149/II Tanah Bekali

There are so many problems about curriculum, including the curriculum for children with special needs. For example, curriculum in inclusive schools cannot beappliedproperlyduetothelackofhumanresourcesmasteryonthecurriculum itself. needs in Lentera Hati School and what are the supporting factors and obstacles in implementing the curriculum. The results of this study are: the implementation of the curriculum at Lentera Hati School includes curriculum planning described in RPPM and RPPH which refers to the 2013 SD curriculum which is then modified by decreasing the learning achievement standards according to the students’ needs and abilities. Child classification is based on the student’s mental age and ability. RPPH is designed as flexible as possible because classes are heterogeneous. The core activities of learning refer to the development of Religious and Moral Values, Motoric Physical, Cognitive, Language, Social Emotions, Art and Creativity. Learning media are used to prioritize the effective and efficient and safe principles for students. The scoring system is based on assessment from the teacher and the results of therapy.

Review: Tiny Face Detection and Recognition Techniques

The exponential growth of video and image databases has created a need for intelligent systems to automatically analyze information, as manual efforts are no longer feasible. Faces plays a crucial role in social interaction, conveying identity and emotions, thus requiring efficient and accurate analysis. Deep learning techniques has brought about a significant revolution in face detection, despite their increased computational requirements. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of representative deep learning-based methods for face detection, focusing on their accuracy and efficiency. It also compares and discusses popular and challenging datasets, including their evaluation metrics. Additionally, a thorough comparison of successful deep learning-based face detectors is conducted, evaluating their efficiency using Floating Point Operations (FLOPs) and latency as metrics. The results and findings of this study can serve as a valuable guide for selecting suitable face detectors for various applications. Moreover, they can contribute to the development of more efficient and accurate detectors. The paper aims to address the pressing needs for intelligent systems that can automatically understand and analyze visual information in an increasingly data-driven world

Parents’ emotion socialization beliefs over the first four months of children’s cancer treatment: a pilot longitudinal study

ABSTRACT In this pilot study, we longitudinally investigated parents’ coaching and dismissing emotion socialization (ES) belief changes over the first four months of children’s cancer treatment. Children were 1–18 years old, M(SD) = 7.66(5.26), at enrollment. We also investigated whether parents’ negative emotion intensity or reactivity moderated changes. We collected data at chemotherapy commencement, one month later, and four months later. We used hierarchical linear models to investigate study aims. Parents reported decreased emotion coaching beliefs over time but did not change their emotion dismissing beliefs. Parents’ perceptions of their own emotional intensity and reactivity were unrelated to ES beliefs or ES belief changes. These findings could inform future intervention efforts to decrease children’s adjustment difficulties and/or promote resilience during pediatric cancer treatment. Our findings also shed light on mechanisms of ES belief change because the intensity and reactivity of parents’ own negative emotions did not explain significant variance in their beliefs about their child’s ability to manage emotions during early cancer treatment.

Maternal and paternal emotion dysregulation profiles: Links to parent and child functioning

This study examined profiles of parental emotion dysregulation among 379 mothers (Mage = 35.99) and 397 fathers (Mage = 34.93) of children aged 8 to 12 using latent profile analyses. Three maternal (Low, Moderate, High Dysregulation) and four paternal (Low, Moderate, High Dysregulation, Emotionally Aware but Extremely Dysregulated) profiles emerged. Low (vs. high) profiles were generally associated with more supportive parental emotion socialization practices, better child emotion regulation, and lower child psychopathology. The Emotionally Aware but Extremely Dysregulated paternal profile was distinct in composition. It was associated with the poorest child psychopathology, but not the poorest child emotion regulation, of all paternal profiles, and with the highest engagement in all socialization practices (e.g., supportive practices). Findings suggest that unique patterns of deficits in parental emotion regulation may play a role in socialization of positive emotion and child functioning, particularly for fathers. These profiles can inform specific emotion-related targets for parent intervention.

A self-paced online emotion socialization intervention for parents of children with challenging behavior: Tuning in to Kids OnLine.

Evidence-based parenting programs delivered using online technology are an important way to enhance program uptake. To date, programs that address emotion socialization processes, such as Tuning in to Kids, have always been delivered in person, via group or one-to-one delivery. This study used a randomized control design to examine the efficacy of the self-paced Tuning in to Kids OnLine (TIKOL). Participants were 150 parents of children aged 4-10 years old with challenging behaviors, randomized into intervention or 10-month waitlist control. Parents and teachers completed questionnaires at baseline and 6 months after the intervention (equivalent time points for controls) measuring parent wellbeing, parent emotion socialization, parent efficacy, child behavior, and anxiety. Analyses, using mixed methods multilevel modeling, showed that intervention parents reported significantly reduced emotion dismissiveness and increased emotion coaching, empathy and efficacy compared to controls who did not. Parents participating in TIKOL also reported that their children's behavior problems and anxiety were significantly improved. Greater engagement (modules watched and duration of support calls) was associated with more significant improvements. Findings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of TIKOL in improving parents' emotion socialization and reducing child behavior problems and anxiety, especially when efforts to support online engagement are utilized. Further evaluation using independent observations and a sample representing a wider demographic would strengthen these findings. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry No. ACTRN12618000310268.

Oсобливості соціальної адаптації молодших школярів та дитячо-батьківських відносин

The article reveals the peculiarities of correction of the destructive psychological influence of child-parent relations on the social adaptation of minors. The psychological impact of the parent-child relationship on the individual-psychologycal, interpersonal and microsocial spheres of the personality functioning of a child of primary school age (self-esteem, social emotions, social perceptions, social motives, social status) is revealed, which determine the peculiarities of the child social adaptation. It is shown that the violation of the parental relationship affects the display of anxiety in children of primary school age and sets negative strategies for such interaction. The relationship between parent-child relationships and parental coping behavior, which acts as a mechanism for their influence on the effectiveness of social adaptation of younger schoolchildren, has been revealed. It has been determined that the indicators of social adaptation have significant differences among junior pupils with different types of attachment to parents. A scientifically based socio-psychological program for the correction of the destructive psychological impact of parent-child relationships on the social adaptation of younger schoolchildren has been developed; its efficiency has been proved. Key words: younger schoolchildren, self-esteem, social emotions, social perceptions, social motives, social status, child-parent relationships, social adaptation.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Unified Transdiagnostic Therapy and Reality Therapy on Social Information Processing and Emotion Regulation in Students with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Objective: Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), classified under depressive disorders, leads to functional impairments across various domains and a reduction in mental health during adulthood. The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of unified transdiagnostic therapy and reality therapy on social information processing and emotion regulation among students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Methods and Materials: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up assessments, including a control group. The sample consisted of all 8 to 11-year-old boys diagnosed with DMDD in Isfahan, along with their mothers, who visited the Superior Counseling Center and the Child and Adolescent Home affiliated with the Isfahan Municipal Cultural, Social, and Sports Organization in Spring 2022. Forty-five participants were selected through purposive sampling and then randomly assigned into three groups of fifteen (two experimental and one control group). Research Tools: The research instruments included the Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Diagnostic Scale – Parent Form (DMDDS) (Shahmohammadi et al., 2021), Social Stories (Turkospa & Bryan, 1994), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, 2007). The experimental groups received separate interventions (unified transdiagnostic therapy and reality therapy), each consisting of ten 60-minute sessions for the students and thirty-minute sessions for the parents, while the control group received no intervention. Data Analysis: The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The results indicated that both unified transdiagnostic therapy and reality therapy significantly improved social information processing and both positive and negative emotion regulation in students with DMDD at post-test (p < .01), and these effects were maintained at follow-up (p < .001). No significant difference was found between the two therapeutic methods in this regard. Only the goal clarification aspect of unified transdiagnostic therapy was effective at post-test, showing greater efficacy than reality therapy, though the effectiveness of both therapies was not significant at follow-up. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of unified transdiagnostic therapy and reality therapy on social information processing and emotion regulation in students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, both therapies can be utilized in clinics and specialized counseling centers to improve outcomes for students with this disorder.

Traversing Emotional Spaces: Social Media Affordances and Emotion Regulation in Times of Physical Isolation

People’s emotional life is increasingly interwoven with social media. Against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in China, this study investigated social media affordances enacted during people’s emotion regulation processes. By analyzing in-depth interviews with 27 Shanghai residents going through a 2-month lockdown, we identified intersections between social media affordances and different emotion regulation processes: selectivity and intrapersonal emotion regulation; visibility and emotional self-presentation; bandwidth and interpersonal emotion regulation; connectivity and collective emotion regulation. This study extended our knowledge of mediated emotion regulation processes and enriched our understanding of the dynamic relations between users, media technologies, and emotional and social contexts.

The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Emotion Regulation Skills and Sleep Quality of University Students

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between social media addictions and emotion regulation skills and sleep quality of university students. Methods: The research was conducted in descriptive design. The sample of the study consisted of 450 university students. Personal information form, Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index () were used to obtain the data. Results: The mean total score of the SMAS of the students is 97.33±26.78. The mean scores of the sub-dimensions of the CERQ "Self-Blame", "Acceptance", " Rumination", "Positive Refocusing", "Refocusing on Plan", "Positive Reappraisal ", " Putting into Perspective", " Catastrophising " and "Blaming Others" are respectively; 11.23±2.78, 11.85±2.80, 13, .32±3.17, 12.19±2.81, 13.78±3.24, 13.44±3.32, 12.36±2.90, 10.40±2.95, 10.61±2.97. The mean total score of was PSQI 7.91±3.01. There is a significant positive correlation between the total score of the social media addiction scale and poor sleep quality (p≤0.005). Conclusion: It was found that 31.5% of university students are moderately addicted to social media and their sleep quality is poor. As social media addiction increases, sleep quality worsens. As students' use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies such as self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing and blaming others increases, their sleep quality also decreases.