Secondary Data Research Articles

Are you alright brand equity? Analysis of the top 100 global brands during COVID-19 outbreaks

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine whether COVID-19 had an impact on the brand equity of the Top 100 global brands in the Americas, European and Asian regions over the three years of assessment (2020–2022).Design/methodology/approachA secondary data method (document scanning) was used to gather the study’s data from Brand Finance’s Global 500 annual reports from 2019 to 2022. The data for this study was analysed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. The data were subjected to a descriptive test and one-way analysis of variance.FindingsThe findings showed that most of the Top 100 global brands from the Americas, Europe and Asia experienced little or no impact due to COVID-19. Thus, no significant differences were found to exist among the Top 100 global regional brands due to COVID-19 in the years 2020 and 2021. However, there is a significant difference in 2022 due to its small effect size.Originality/valueThe findings of this paper contribute to brand equity literature and global branding literature in the context of COVID-19. This paper innovatively frames brand equity and provides guidelines to help brands sustain their financial-based brand equity during a worldwide crisis.

I am home. The circle is complete: The reunification of fostered/adopted relatives

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the underlying, unseen meanings accompanying the progressive verification of the reunification process experienced by American Indian fostered/adopted relatives who were separated from family of origin as children.BackgroundReunification is most often explored as an outcome (i.e., a result) and few studies examine the process of reunification (i.e., what happens or what facilitates it) or the underlying meaning of the reunification process for American Indian fostered/adopted relatives.MethodA secondary data analysis was conducted on survey data from the Experiences of Adopted and Fostered Individuals Project. The sample consisted of 70 American Indian relatives who were fostered/adopted as children and reunified as adults. Thematic analysis was conducted on open‐ended survey data.ResultsFour themes emanated from the data including: (1) searching, (2) facilitating, (3) calling home, and (4) repatriating. Participants searched for their families of origin using information and records (i.e., names of birth family, birth/adoption records). Reunification was facilitated by agencies, hired professionals, courts, and tribes. Relatives were called home by family, tribe, and ancestors. They repatriated through mail, phone, social media, and registries.ConclusionThis study contributed to the literature by using place identity theory to understand the progressive nature of the perceptions and comprehensions experienced by American Indian relatives during the reunification process. Place identity verification undergirds the process of reunification for American Indian fostered/adopted relatives including the underlying, unseen meanings that accompany the reunification process.

"But what do you really think?" Nurses' contrasting explicit and implicit attitudes towards people with disabilities using the implicit association test.

To investigate how nurses' implicit and explicit attitudes towards people with disabilities (PWD) compare to (1) other healthcare providers and (2) non-healthcare providers. We present an analysis of secondary data from the publicly available disability Implicit Association Test (IAT). We compare the explicit and implicit attitudes towards PWD for (1) nurses (n = 24,545), (2) other healthcare providers (n = 57,818) and (3) non-healthcare providers (n = 547,966) for a total of 630,238 respondents, between 2006 and 2021. We use publicly available data for the Disability IAT from Open Science Framework repository of Project Implicit available at https://osf.io/tx5fi/. STROBE checklist. There is a distinct contrast between nurses' explicit and implicit attitudes. While nurses have more positive explicit attitudes towards PWD compared to other groups, they also have more negative implicit attitudes towards PWD. As such there is a contrast between nurses' stated (explicit) attitudes and their unconscious (implicit) attitudes towards PWD. Further, we find that implicit bias towards PWD-among all groups-has not improved over the 15 year period of our sample. We present a contrast between nurses' explicit and implicit attitude towards PWD compared to non-healthcare providers. We posit that implicit bias is driven by a combination of workload and stress which drives nurses to unconscious modes of thinking more frequently. We discuss three potential tools for improved educational praxis regarding treatment of PWD; (1) more PWD service user involvement, (2) the use of mindfulness techniques to reduce stress and (3) the use of patient contact simulation to promote education and understanding. There is no patient or public contribution.

Detecting Change in a Volatile Curve United State Stock Market (US SM) with the Use of Automated Decomposition for Time Series Components

The main reason for this investigation is to use manual process of identification of time series components with two types of automated decomposition for time series known as automated BFTSC (break for time series components) and, automated GFTSC (Group for time series components) in detecting change in a volatile curve united states stock market (US SM). In identification of components of time series present in the seasonal data of US stock market. The data US Stock Market was a monthly data from January 2001 until December 2018 and a total of 18 years. The stock market of US is also available as a secondary data at the DataBank of University Utara Malaysia Library. The weaknesses of BFAST were corrected by the extension of BFAST to BFTSC and GFTSC. Both were created to capture the cyclical and irregular components that were not captured by BFAST technique and it was included in the methodology of this study. BFTSC and GFTSC were considered to provide a combined image of all the four components of time series while GFTSC had additional advantage of providing equations to the components automated. Evaluation using simulation data and empirical data vindicated the accuracy of BFTSC and GFTSC based on linear trend less volatile data. They are effective and better than BFAST because it was able to identify 100% of the data with the basic four time series components monthly. Both techniques detects 99 % of the entire components in the time series data in a linear trend data.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Mahasiswa Menjadi Enterpreneur Syariah

This research aims to determine the influence of independence, environment, creativity and education on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. Study students at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Sultan Thaha Saifuddin State Islamic University, Jambi, the subjects of this research are students at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Sultan Thaha State Islamic University. Saifudin Jambi. Data collection techniques use observation, questionnaires and documentation where the research method used is a quantitative research method that uses primary data and secondary data with a multiple linear regression model. The results of partial testing (t test) of the independence variable and environmental variables do not have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. while the creativity variable and the education variable have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. Based on the results of the F test (simultaneous test) it can be concluded that independence, environment, creativity and education simultaneously have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs.

Beyond the Tax Code: Enhancing Taxpayer Compliance through Service, Counseling, and Public Relations

The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the efficacy of service provision, counseling, and public relations implementation through the lens of management functions, namely planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. To address the central research question, a critical paradigm is employed, facilitating a rigorous critique of tax policies and their practical implications. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study integrates a multi-method approach that amalgamates both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data are derived from the researcher's participant observations, conducted from 2021 to 2023 within the capacity of a taxpayer stationed at the Small Tax Office of Natar, subjected to thematic analysis. Secondary data, comprising statutory regulations and reports, were collated through the regulation documentation and subjected to analysis via a normative juridical approach. The findings indicate that the execution of service, counseling, and public relations activities remains suboptimal. Specifically, while the management functions of planning, leading, and controlling within service and counseling activities necessitate preservation, the organizing function demands significant enhancement. This study implies that extension activities is requisite for maintaining the planning and control functions, yet call for substantial improvements in organizing and leading functions.

The Role of Justice in Fin-Tech Performance: The analysis of Maqasid al-Syariah Index

The essence of justice is how well a person harmonizes with what is right. It is clear that justice is one of the principles of exalted ethics, especially in terms of Shariah compliance, since the Quran and Sunnah provide a solid basis for justice. Integrating Islamic Finance knowledge with Islamic Ethics is crucial for holistically assessing Shariah compliance in the world of Finance Technology (FIN-TECH). In terms of justice, numerous prior researchers have done most of the work. In this study, secondary data was gathered from Islamic financial institutions of specified sectors regarding the Maqasid al-Syariah Index on justice. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was the main statistical technique employed in this study. This study aimed to offer a precise mode in which justice may influence the performance Fin-Tech in Islamic Finance's success. The study of justice plays a significant role in guiding the direction of Fin-Tech in Islamic Finance applications.

Use of a fractional dose of inactivated polio vaccine (fIPV) to increase IPV coverage among children under 5 years of age in Somalia

BackgroundGlobal efforts reduced incidence of polio cases from 350,000 in 1988 to 22 cases in 2022 globally. There have been no wild poliovirus (WPV) cases seen in Somalia since August 2014. However, in 2017, there was a surge in the number of cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2), even with different intervention responses using monovalent oral polio vaccine type 2 (mOPV2). This study aimed to assess the use of fractional inactivated polio vaccine (fIPV), a smaller dose of the polio vaccine, equal to 1/5 of a standard dose, as an innovative polio vaccination delivery model, and identify the main opportunities for and challenges to the use of fIPV in the future for vaccinations.MethodsThe study used two designs: a quasi-experimental design used to pilot fIPV in five districts and a cross-sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect primary data. A simple random sampling method was used to select 2 out of the 5 pilot districts for household surveys to study 768 participants. Key informant interviews and focus-group discussions were used to collect data from key frontline health workers and health/immunization officials involved in the campaigns. Secondary data from the pilot campaigns were analysed, such as administrative pilot data, lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) and post-campaign communication assessments.ResultsA total of 131,789 children aged 4–59 months were included for the pilot. Among these, 126,659 (96.1%) and 126,063 (95.6%) children were vaccinated in rounds 1 and 2, respectively. Out of the 768 households assessed, 99.9% had their children vaccinated. Nearly half of the few children who were not vaccinated were reported to be due to the parent of the child not being at home (48%). Ninety-seven percent of the qualitative study interviewees were satisfied with fIPV injection and recommended its use for routine immunization.ConclusionsThe study findings are promising in the use of fIPV in mass campaigns to realize better coverage and global polio eradication. fIPV will potentially be used by policymakers in the design of polio eradication campaigns that integrate the fIPV vaccine into routine or supplementary immunization.

HUBUNGAN MUTU, INDIKATOR KINERJA KUNCI, DAN KINERJA PELAYANAN RUMAH SAKIT (STUDI KASUS PADA RUMAH SAKIT AUMAKES)

Background: Muhammadiyah and 'Aisha had a vision of 2020 is going to be a major driver of the establishment of networks between social groups that support healthy communities self-reliant and vision of 2015. Thus conducted a study of 40 hospitals under the auspices of Aumakes in 2009, from that data, researchers interested in conducting research on the quality of 40 hospitals under the auspices of Aumakes.
 Purpose: The research objective is 1). To analyze the relationship of the hospital quality with Key Performance Indicators (KPI), 2) to analyze the relationship of the Hospital Quality with BOR and 3). To analyze the relationship of the hospital quality with ALOS.
 Methods: Types of research taking secondary data in 2009 with the design of the quantitative analysis method of retrospective study. Location of the study in 40 hospitals under the auspices of Aumakes. Analyzed using quantitative with correlation statistical program.
 Result:. Correlation statistical data shows significant relationship exists between the quality and KPI with significance values is 0.00 and with strong correlation is 0.719. There is a significant relationship between hospital quality and BOR with significant value is 0.016 by weak correlation 0.394. There was no significant relationship between the quality and ALOS which is significance values 0.831.

PENGUKURAN KINERJA ASRI MEDICAL CENTER DALAM PERSPEKTIF BALANCED SCORECARD

The company performance is a reflection of an activity results and condition of the company. The results of the activities of the company being analyzed, where the results will show the condition of the company's management during the period of performance analysis done. Asri Medical Center (AMC) is one of Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta units in health care, education and research belong to da’wa infrastructures. To realize its goal in providing quality health services for people, AMC has to make a performance appraisal regularly and continuously. The objective of this research is to measure the performance of AMC based on the Balanced Scorecard with reference to the performance standards in the AMC. This research is an eksploratoris case study that measured management performance with the Balanced Scorecard, which is assessing the performance not only from the financial aspect but also from non-financial aspects. The subjects of this research are AMC managers, and the data used is the data of 2010 and 2011. The data used are the primary data i.e field studies in the form of interview and observation and also secondary data in the form of general data and specific data on the AMC which includes financial and non financial data. AMC has been running the Balanced Scorecard stages, that is strategy formulation arranged as a result of the macro, industry environments analysis as well as SWOT analysis and has formulated a vision, mission, purpose, basic beliefs, basic values and strategy. The next phase, AMC has developed a strategic plan that includes strategic goal, target and strategic initiatives. The strategic targets have been formulated considering the financial perspective, customer perspective, business process perspective and learning and growth perspective. AMC has to define planning into work program with key performance indicators that can be measured and in accordance with performance standards for each medical center.

Assessment of Government Liberalization Policy and the Growth in Nigeria’s Trade Industry

Following the outbreak of COVID-19 and the contraction of government revenue, it has become increasingly difficult for government to continue with “subsidy oriented” policies hence, this paper evaluates Nigeria’s liberalization policies as a major drivers of trade growth in the country. A quantitative approach was adopted in this paper. Data used in this paper were secondary data sourced from World bank indicators and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin (1980-2018 version). This paper used Error Correction Classical Linear Regression estimate to analyse the data. The result of the study showed that changes in the key liberalization policy variables have significant influence on output growth but not statistically significant to trade growth. Industrialization oriented policies was therefore recommended for Nigeria to actualize her dreams of being an industrialized country, a strong and competitive institution that foster a sustainable industrial sector through policy is also advised. This study adds to the limited available evidence concerning the contribution of government liberation policy on the growth of Nigeria trade sector. It stands as the first to consider trade openness, government liberation policy and the Nigeria industrial sector. 
 
 Received: 18 June 2023 / Accepted: 15 February 2024 / Published: xx March 2024

Lean manufacturing in the last decade: insights from published case studies

PurposeLean manufacturing (LM) concepts have been widely adopted in diverse industrial sectors. However, no literature review focusing on case studies describing LM implementation is available. Case studies represent the actual implementation and provide secondary data for further analysis. This study aims to review the same to understand the pathways of LM implementation. In addition, it aims to analyse other related review questions, such as how implementing LM impacts manufacturing capabilities and the maturity level of manufacturing organisations that implemented LM, to name a few.Design/methodology/approachA literature review of case studies that discuss the implementation of LM during the last decade (from 2010 to 2020) is carried out. These studies were synthesised, and content analyses were performed to reveal critical insights.FindingsThe implementation pattern of LM significantly varies across manufacturing organisations. The findings show simultaneous improvement in manufacturing capabilities. Towards the end of the last decade, organisations implemented LM with radio frequency identification, e-kanban, simulation, etc.Originality/valueReviewing the case studies documenting LM implementation to comprehend the various nuances is a novel attempt. Furthermore, potential future research directions are identified for advancing the research in the domain of LM.

Consequences of Climate Change at World Level: a Theoretical Review

IPCC defines climate change as any “change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or because of human activity” (IPCC, 2007a, p. 30). Climate change phenomena is very threating which impacts the lifeforms and our livelihoods on this earth. The world has been experiencing frequent extreme environmental conditions. This phenomenon is not a frequent/instant event, it is a consolidated outcome of so many years due to anthropogenic and natural causes. The present paper reported the various causes and consequences of climate change at the world level. In fact, many organisation/committees/conferences were established to overcome the adverse effects of climate change and for the survival of the living organisms, respectively. Secondary data is used to identify variability of climatic features and the same information from various reports, research articles, and other sources. This review is an assessment of climate change phenomena at the worldwide level. It is found that the government participation is necessary for the development processes. There should be some rules and regulations for developed and developing countries to overcome the variability of climate change. To sum up, mitigating the impacts of climate change must be of the utmost importance, and hence, this global threat requires global pledge to report its horrible consequences to safeguard global sustenance.

A Closer look into recent economy, Whether or not Vietnam faces a 10-year crisis?

From 2018, the global economy began to grow strongly and synchronously, but as 2018 passed, the development momentum has become slower, faded, along with biased growing trends. The US economy has accelerated thanks to fiscal stimulus policies early this year, while the economy of the EU, Britain, Japan and China began to weaken. These differences will continue to exist in 2019 and Vietnam is not excluded. This study is a closer look into Vietnamese economy from 2007 up to now & prediction to the upcoming period. Objective: The present study aims at giving predictions & recommendations to sustain Vietnam’s economy in the next years based on analyzing multiple economic indicators such as: economic growth rate, inflation, unemployment rate, import and export throughout the period 2007 – 2018. Material and methods: General information about the Vietnam’s economy & crisis trend was collected from the documentation provided by National Financial Committee as well as economic websites. Then, the authors analyzed & made comparisons between years to years & created tables to show them clearly. Secondary data, such as theoretical frameworks and literature, were obtained from reference books, scientific books, scientific articles and peer reviewed journals. Results: The economy since 2007 has been so volatile: the economic growth rate fell erratically, unpredictably; unemployment & inflation rate are still really big problems while import, export & investment have prospered gradually. Conclusions: Vietnam's economy is on a good & rapid growth path, with many economic advantages. However, in essence, Vietnam is still a young economy, so we need to be well prepared to cope with major economic fluctuations that may occur, possibly next year – the beginning year of the 10-year crisis period.

IMPACT OF DIGITAL FINANCE ON STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA (2012M1-2021M12)

Purpose: The stock market has long played a significant role in fostering economic growth in developing countries by providing equity funds for capital formation. Technological advancements, particularly in digital technology, have significantly influenced financial services, becoming a crucial aspect of financial affairs. Notably, digital payment services have gained prominence in Nigeria, offering potential improvements to the Nigerian stock market. Despite this, there appears to be a perceived gap between digital finance transactions and the performance of the Nigerian stock market. Therefore, this study centred on the impact of digital finance on stock market performance in Nigeria. The study specifically aimed to assess the influence of Automated Teller Machine (ATM), Point of Sales (POS), mobile payment (mobilepay), and web-based payment (webpay) digital finance transactions on stock market capitalization ratio in Nigeria. Methodology: This study, conducted for the period from January 2012 to December 2021, utilized Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares regression to investigate the impact of digital finance on stock market performance in Nigeria. Monthly secondary data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria's Statistical Bulletin, Statistics and Monthly Economic Reports. Findings and Conclusion: Empirical findings revealed that ATM, POS, mobile-based, and web-based digital finance transactions had a positive and significant impact on the stock market capitalization ratio in Nigeria. Consequently, the study concluded that digital finance contributes to enhancing stock market performance in the country Originality/Value: To promote further growth in the stock market, the study recommends expanding the deployment and usage of digital finance channels such as ATM, POS, mobile-based, and web-based channels, encouraging their utilization for stock market transactions by participants.

The Voluntary Disclosure Dilemma: Unraveling the Compliance-Evasion Causality in Tax Administration

This research investigates the causality between taxpayer compliance and tax evasion behaviors, specifically within the context of participants in the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS) registered at the Small Tax Office of West Pontianak. The study delineates its population as taxpayers who, prior to their engagement in the PPS, had outstanding tax liabilities on income derived from business or employment activities. Utilizing the documentation method, secondary data were solicited from pertinent governmental bodies to facilitate the research. A linear regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between the variables under consideration. The findings underscore the impact of pre-PPS tax evasion activities on subsequent enhancements in taxpayer compliance, as evidenced by ransom payments. The study contributes to governmental authorities by offering valuable information regarding the patterns of tax evasion behavior among PPS participants, thereby informing policy and enforcement strategies.

Assessment of the performance of cruise ship waste management: Case study of the Rio de Janeiro port, Brazil

The significant growth of the cruise ship industry has resulted in economic benefits, but there are also waste management-related challenges. The aim of this case study was to contribute to the research of cruise ship waste management at the Port of Rio de Janeiro. A3 methodology, applied for the first time in this context, was used to create questionnaires to assess the stakeholders involved, revealing that institutional bureaucracy has a negative effect on waste management. In addition, secondary data on unloaded waste, obtained from the transport manifests, showed that 56 % contained reliable information. The main wastes were plastics (57 %), glass (17 %), metal (9 %), and others. With respect to destinations, 41 % were sent to landfills, 55 % recycled and 4 % thermally treated. Only 5 % of cruise ship moorings removed waste at the Port of Rio de Janeiro, attributed to factors such as high costs.

Typologies of secondary school student academic resilience in science with classroom and school context predictors

ABSTRACT The education system strives to help students from low-income families achieve academic success. Academic resilience is related to not only individuals but also classrooms and schools. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive resilience model in science domains that presents the image of resilient students and describes the mechanisms by which they arise. This goal was achieved through a parametric multilevel latent profile analysis with level 1 and level 2 covariates. Latent profile indicators included variables reflecting motivation, subjective well-being, and engagement in science of secondary school students. Variables related to science classroom and school contexts constituted the levels 1 and 2 covariates. We used secondary data from Japan and Macao (China) collected in the 2015 Programme of International Student Assessment (PISA). The sample sizes were 1594 and 1114, respectively. We identified three resilience levels among students. The emergence of resilient students benefited from science classroom discipline, teacher-directed instruction, inquiry-based teaching, adjusting instruction, and teacher support. In Japan, the most robust predictor was inquiry-based teaching, while in Macao, it was teacher-directed instruction. Therefore, science teachers play a crucial role in building students’ resilience. It also suggests that a small class decreases the likelihood of students entering the high-level resilience group.

Optimal geographical distribution of Saudi dates exports

PurposeThis research aimed to maximize the value of date exports for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve its objective, this study relied on secondary data and quantitative economic analysis represented by the Linear programming model.FindingsThis study showed that Saudi Arabia exports dates to the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Kuwait, Turkey, Somalia, Jordan, Oman, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh Morocco, Lebanon, and others. The geographical concentration coefficient for the quantity and value of date exports was 35.05% and 34.74%, respectively, during the study period. Saudi Arabia exported a quantity of dates amounting to 83.08 thousand tons, representing 40.57% of the average total amount of Saudi dates exports during the study period, to Yemen, Somalia, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Egypt, China, Djibouti, Bahrain, and Ethiopia, at prices lower than the average export price of 1200.31 dollars/ton, and therefore the export policy needs to restructure the geographical distribution of date exports. Based on the models of geographical distribution, Saudi date exports value can be increased by 32.76–127.12 million dollars, meaning can be increased by 13.77% – 53.44%. In light of the results of the proposed models, this study recommends the need to restructure the geographical distribution of Saudi date exports so that the value of Saudi date exports can be increased by 127.12 million dollars from the current situation for the period 2017–2021.Originality/valueThe paper’s original contribution lies in its proposal to restructure the geographical distribution of Saudi date exports to increase the value of exports.

Adopting relationship trust and influence strategy to enhance green customer integration: a social exchange theory perspective

Purpose This study aims to explore how relationship trust and different types of influence strategy (i.e., non-coercive and coercive influence strategy) impact green customer integration (GCI), while investigating the moderating mechanisms of big data development and social capital. Design/methodology/approach Following hierarchical linear regression analysis, the authors examine hypothesized relationships by combining survey data from 206 Chinese manufacturers with secondary data. Findings The results show that relationship trust positively affects non-coercive influence strategy, while its impact on coercive influence strategy is insignificant. Non-coercive influence strategy has an inverted U-shaped impact on GCI. Furthermore, big data development flattens the inverted U-shaped relationship between non-coercive influence strategy and GCI. Conversely, social capital steepens the inverted U-shaped relationship between non-coercive influence strategy and GCI. Practical implications This study sheds light on managers on how to involve customers in GCI through friendly strategies that favor the involvement of customers and the willingness to develop environmentally friendly initiatives. Originality/value Although GCI has received widespread attention, how it can be enhanced remains unclear. These findings provide novel insights into the emerging GCI literature and complement social exchange theory.