Search For Balance Research Articles

An adaptive snow ablation-inspired particle swarm optimization with its application in geometric optimization

In response to the shortcomings of particle swarm optimization (PSO), such as low execution efficiency and difficulty in overcoming local optima, this paper proposes a multi-strategy PSO method incorporating snow ablation operation (SAO), known as SAO-MPSO. Firstly, Cubic initialization is performed on particles to obtain a good initial environment. Subsequently, SAO and PSO are combined in parallel, and a balanced search mechanism led by multiple sub-populations is devised, significantly improving the search efficiency of overall population. Finally, the degree day method of SAO is introduced, and particles are endowed with memory of environmental changes to prevent premature convergence of PSO, while balancing the exploration and exploitation (ENE) capabilities in later phases. All adaptive parameters are used throughout this method in place of fixed parameters to improve the robustness and adaptability. For a comprehensive analysis of SAO-MPSO, its good ENE ability is verified on CEC 2020 and CEC 2022 and this method is compared with existing improved PSO versions on both test sets. The results show that SAO-MPSO has certain advantages in the comparison of similar improved algorithms. In order to further validate the strength of SAO-MPSO in dealing with nonlinear optimization problems (OPs) with strong constraints, firstly, based on the ball Wang-Ball (BWB) curve, a combined BWB (CBWB) curve is constructed, and a construction method for CBWB curves that satisfy G1 and G2 continuity is derived. Then, with the energy minimization and scale parameters of the CBWB curve as the optimization objective and variables respectively, a shape optimization model that satisfies G2 continuity is established. Finally, three numerical optimization examples based on this model are solved using SAO-MPSO and compared with 10 other methods. The results show that the energy obtained by SAO-MPSO is the smallest, which verifies the effectiveness of this method applied to shape OPs of CBWB curve.

The Pursuit of Joy: Exploring Radiology Nurses’ Search for Joy and Balance in Work and Personal Life

BackgroundWell-being at work can be achieved by offering programs that promote healthy lifestyles, mindfulness, and humor. Overwork, stress, exhaustion, and the resulting lack of enjoyment at work lead to burnout or even illness, which can lead to increased chances of professional errors. PurposeThe qualitative descriptive research aims to identify the presence of job satisfaction among radiology nurses and the contextual factors that moderate job satisfaction and shape it accordingly. MethodsThe purposive sample consisted of 10 radiology nurses, with an average age of 52 years. The survey took place in November 2023. Data were collected by semistructured interview and analyzed using the content analysis method. FindingsTwo main themes are identified: (1) characteristics of work in radiological nursing and (2) search for balance in work and personal life. The interviewees described several aspects that influence their enjoyment and satisfaction at work, among which teamwork and communication were highlighted as key points common to all for achieving enjoyment at work. Discussion and conclusionThe interviewees described their still present joy of work and their visions as positive influences. They also described negative influences that reduce the enjoyment of work and affect all aspects of work and work performance.

A triple population adaptive differential evolution

The Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is one of the most efficient algorithms for complex numerical optimization. However, the nature of differential mutation and crossover hinders the individuals from a major change and always guides them toward their superior neighbors. There's a lack of useful directional information to help the population escape from early convergence. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes a novel Triple-population-based Adaptive Differential Evolution (TPADE) to enhance the evolutionary efficiency in solving various complex numerical optimization problems. First, a population division method with symmetrical linear reduction is designed to divide the parent population of each iteration into three sub-populations of different sizes, i.e., superior sub-population, medium sub-population, and inferior sub-population. Each sub-population adopts distinct differential mutation and crossover operators to maintain balanced search directions. Second, a superior-trial-preserved selection mechanism is proposed to screen useful directional information to guide the next iteration of evolution. Third, an effective parameter adaptation strategy is designed with the linear population size reduction strategy to avoid redundant search. Experiments are then conducted to show that the TPADE exhibits well performance compared with eleven state-of-the-art DE variants, CEC winners, and their variants on the CEC'2014, CEC'2017, and CEC'2022 benchmark suites. The C++ source code of TPADE can be downloaded from https://github.com/DoubleGong/TPADE.

Automating physical intuition in nonlinear fiber optics with unsupervised dominant balance search.

Identifying the underlying processes that locally dominate physical interactions is the key to understanding nonlinear dynamics. Machine-learning techniques have recently been shown to be highly promising in automating the search for dominant physics, adding important insights that complement analytical methods and empirical intuition. Here we apply a fully unsupervised approach to the search for dominant balance during nonlinear and dispersive propagation in an optical fiber and show that we can algorithmically identify dominant interactions in cases of optical wavebreaking, soliton fission, dispersive wave generation, and Raman soliton emergence. We discuss how dominant balance manifests both in the temporal and spectral domains.

Harmonic Mean Optimizer (HMO) for global problems solving

This study introduces the Harmonic Mean Optimizer (HMO), a novel meta-heuristic algorithm designed to address complex global optimization problems. The primary objective of this research is to develop an optimization technique that effectively balances exploration and exploitation without requiring extensive parameter tuning, thereby simplifying the optimization process and enhancing its robustness across various problem domains. The HMO employs a unique dual-fitness index that leverages the harmonic mean to assess both the quality and diversity of candidate solutions dynamically. This approach ensures a balanced search process that avoids premature convergence and improves the ability to find global optima. The methodology involves extensive benchmarking of the HMO against a comprehensive set of test functions, including 23 traditional functions from the Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) 2017 test suite. The performance of the HMO is compared with that of established meta-heuristic algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to validate its efficacy in terms of convergence speed and solution accuracy. Additionally, the HMO is applied to several real-world engineering problems to demonstrate its practical utility. The results show that the HMO consistently outperforms the benchmark algorithms, achieving faster convergence and higher accuracy in finding optimal solutions across a diverse range of test problems. In practical applications, the HMO effectively optimized complex engineering tasks, achieving significant improvements in both solution quality and computational efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of the HMO as a versatile and powerful tool for global optimization tasks. the HMO offers a significant advancement in optimization methodologies by providing a robust, parameter-free approach that effectively balances exploration and exploitation. This study underscores the HMO’s applicability to a wide range of optimization challenges and sets the foundation for future research and development in enhancing and applying this innovative algorithm to more complex and diverse problem domains.

A multi-population-based marine predators algorithm to train artificial neural network

Marine predators algorithm (MPA) is one of the recently proposed metaheuristic algorithms. In the MPA, position update mechanisms are implemented, emphasizing global search in the first part of the search process, balanced search in the middle, and local search in the last part. This may adversely affect the local search capability of the algorithm in the first part of the search process and the global search capability in the last part of the search process. To overcome these issues, an algorithm called MultiPopMPA with a multi-population and multi-search strategy is proposed in this study. Thanks to the proposed algorithm, local, balanced, and global search strategies of the original MPA were utilized from the beginning to the end of the search process. Thus, it is aimed to contribute to a more detailed search of the parameter space. In this study, the proposed algorithm has been applied in training artificial neural networks for 21 different classification datasets. The success of the algorithm has been scored on precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score metrics and compared with eight different metaheuristic algorithms, including the original MPA. In terms of the mean rank of success, the proposed MultiPopMPA has been ranked first in precision, sensitivity, and F1-score metrics and ranked second in the specificity metric. In addition, it has been observed that the proposed algorithm outperforms its competitors in most cases in terms of convergence and stability. Finally, Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test results calculated through the MSE metric showed that the proposed algorithm produced statistically significant results in most cases.

Pre-COVID-19‑pandemic differentiation of employment and wages in county hospitals in Poland

The difficult current global situation in the aspect of Human Resources for Health was clearly seen during the COVID-19 pandemic. The spending on healthcare is still increasing and the rate of increase outpaces the growth rate of GDP. Only part of these funds is dedicated to the training of new staff and current healthcare employees migrate in search for better job conditions and worklife balance. Personnel migration combined with the demographic structure in the high-income countries simultaneously leads to increasing demand for healthcare services and limits the supply of specialists who can provide such services. The confrontation between the demand for medical personnel and its supply will lead to a reduction in the quality of care and accessibility of services. In the study based on the large group of Polish county hospitals in 2015–2018, differences and similarities between the hospitals in terms of employment, measured in full-time equivalents (FTEs) and in terms of wages were analyzed. Similarity and dissimilarity analysis was conducted, based on distance measures and cluster analysis. Bigger differences between the hospitals were found for wages than employment levels. The hospitals with an ED and efficient units were less similar to one another than their counterparts in terms of employment (FTEs), except for 2016. When it comes to wages and both types of variables (wages and employment) considered simultaneously, the hospitals with an ED and high number of beds were characterized by lower similarity to one another than their counterparts during the whole period. Clustering all the 3 approaches (FTEs, wages, FTEs and wages) the results were the same. One of these groups was characterized by a rather low employment level per bed, while the other one – by high.

EPSMR: An efficient privacy-preserving semantic-aware multi-keyword ranked search scheme in cloud

Traditional privacy-preserving search schemes have commonly used the TF-IDF model, which relies on keyword frequency statistics but neglects the semantic relationships between and documents. In recent years, a few secure multi-keyword ranked search schemes over encrypted cloud data have considered the data semantics. However, the search efficiency of these schemes can still be improved. This paper presents an efficient privacy-preserving semantic-aware multi-keyword ranked search scheme (EPSMR) over encrypted cloud data. EPSMR utilizes the LDA topic model to discover hidden semantic information in documents and convert documents into vector representations. vector encryption by using the secure inner product is employed to implement the privacy-preserving semantic relevance score computation between search keywords and documents. To achieve efficient multi-keyword searches, the bisecting k-means algorithm and search tree structure are introduced to design a novel ω-way balanced search tree index which benefits finding search results quickly. to further improve the search efficiency, a filtering-threshold lookup table is presented, which can be used to prune unqualified sub-trees in advance. The experimental results show the superior performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing schemes in terms of both semantic search precision and search time cost.

Organization of Social Assistance to Indigenous Minorities in the Turukhansk Region in 1920-1925

The authors consider the issues of involvement of native minorities of the Russian North in the Soviet construction in the first half of the 1920s. The problem is illustrated through the example of Turukhansk region (until 1930 it united the peoples that populated the North of Yeniseysk Governorate). The source base includes the documents from the fund of the State Archive of Krasnoyarsk Territory. It is noted that during the early Soviet period the national policy towards the indigenous peoples of the North was characterized by flexibility and search for balance between the interests of the government and the northern peoples. This policy was mostly founded on socio-economical tasks, rather than political ones. At this stage the government assumed the administration management, provision of economic aid to the native minorities of the North, preservation of the life-sustaining system for using natural resources, all that determined their traditional lifestyle. There began the creation of institutions of self-government (clan councils), trade services, medical care and school education. It was the Northern instructors that acted as conductors of Soviet policy among indigenous peoples. It was intended, on the one hand, to streamline the activities of Soviet institutions among the indigenous peoples of the North, and on the other hand, to help the latter adapt to the new socio-economic conditions. The authors determine the specifics and role of Northern inspectors (from 1924 - instructors in foreign affairs) through the nature of interaction between state, local administrative and clan institutions in the process of developing and implementing support for indigenous peoples of the Yenisey North; their general catastrophic situation could entail irreversible processes of the extinction of these peoples.

Maximising the consistency of the presentation of the molecular level with its quantum mechanical description: challenges and opportunities

Abstract Reasoning in terms of molecules has since long become fully embedded in any chemistry discourse. On the other hand, students’ familiarization with the molecular level in pre-university instruction is not always satisfactory, and their ability to view chemical phenomena in terms of what molecules do may not reach the extent and quality that would be needed to ensure effective conceptual understanding. Students may remain uncertain about the interpretation of the molecular features of a number of phenomena even through undergraduate instruction. Removing uncertainties and promoting comfortable familiarization is increasingly becoming an imperative for chemistry education, in view of the novel central role that the molecular level is acquiring not only for the customary interpretation of phenomena, but for the high variety of applications that have been blooming in recent years. Consequently, learners’ familiarization with the world of molecules needs to become more informative and complete. It is equally important that the information that they acquire about molecules be consistent with the modern descriptions, which are based on quantum mechanics. This requires accurate search for optimal balances between the need to simplify the terms of the descriptions in order to make them accessible to leaners according to the different levels of chemistry learning, and the simultaneous need to maintain adequate conceptual rigour. The present work outlines approaches which have proved viable and effective, and which rely on accurate use of language and visualization as the major explanation resources.

Обновленная Конституция Республики Беларусь: ответы на вызовы современности

The article explores the main directions of changes and additions to the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus in 2022 as a response to the challenges of our time. The role of new constitutional approaches in relation to the development of the constitutional and legal status of the individual, updating the concept of the relationship between the individual, society, and the state is reflected. Attention is drawn to constitutional reforms related to the search for a new institutional balance (redistribution of powers between the President, Parliament, Government, constitutionalization of the All-Belarusian People’s Assembly). Other constitutional novelties are being studied, including those that testify to the expansion of the powers of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus.

A new evolutionary optimization algorithm with hybrid guidance mechanism for truck-multi drone delivery system

Synchronization of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone (TSP-D) is one of the most complex NP-hard combinatorial routing problems in the literature. The speeds, capacities and optimization constraints of the truck-drone pair are different from each other. These differences lead to the search space of TSP-D having a high geometric complexity and a large number of local solution traps. Being able to avoid local solution traps in the search space of TSP-D and accurately converge to the global optimal solution is the main challenge for evolutionary search algorithms. The way to overcome this challenge is to dynamically adapt exploitation and exploration behaviors during the search process and maintain these two in a balanced manner depending on the geometric structure of TSP-D's search space. To overcome this challenge, research consisting of three steps was conducted in this article: (i) three different guide selection methods, namely greedy, random and FDB-score based, were used to provide exploitation, exploration and balanced search capabilities, (ii) by hybridizing these three methods at different rates, guide selection strategies with different search capabilities were developed, (iii) by associating these hybrid guide selection strategies with different stages of the search process, the guidance mechanism was given a dynamic behavioral ability. Thus, the Fitness-Distance Balance-based evolutionary search algorithm (FDB-EA) was designed to achieve a sustainable exploitation-exploration balance in the search space of TSP-D and stably avoid local solution traps. To test the performance of the FDB-EA, the number of delivery points was set to 30, 50, 60, 80, and 100 and compared with twenty-seven powerful and current competing algorithms. According to the non-parametric Wilcoxon pairwise comparison results, FDB-EA outperformed all competing algorithms in all five different TSP-D problems. According to the results obtained from the stability analysis, the success rates and calculation times of FDB-EA, EA and AGDE algorithms were 88.00% (6308.79 sec), 58.40% (7377.43 sec) and 13.460% (34664.19 sec) respectively.

ЭТНОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ КОНФЛИКТ В ЮАР КАК УГРОЗА ЕДИНСТВУ СТРАНЫ

The ethnopolitical conflict in the of South African Republic (RSA) is one of the most complex and multifaceted problems of our time, threatening the unity and stability of the country. This conflict has its roots in deep history, Apartheid not only entrenched racial inequality in legislation, but also created persistent social and economic gaps between the various ethnic groups of South African Republic. The key moment in South Africa's history was 1994, when apartheid was officially abolished and the African National Congress (ANC) came to power under the leadership of Nelson Mandela. However, even after two decades since the end of apartheid, South African Republic continues to face serious ethnopolitical challenges related to conflicts among various African peoples, as well as with the white population of Afrikaners and descendants of the British. In recent years, there has been a tendency in the African National Congress (ANC) to strengthen leftist nationalism, which has become the subject of serious discussion and analysis in the political context of the Republic of South African Republic. The situation of discrimination against the white population is aggravated in the context of the policy of the African National Congress (ANC) aimed at supporting the black majority. In general, South African Republic has a complex and multifaceted pattern of discriminatory practices that affects various segments of society. These practices are causing serious concerns and debate among the public, politicians and activists. An essential role in the search for balance and sustainable development of the country is played by the opposition, in particular the Democratic Alliance, which offers alternative views on the governance of the country and supports democratic institutions.

Forensic identification by keystroke dynamics features: search for balance between constitutional guarantees of freedom and security.

Forensic identification by keystroke dynamics features: search for balance between constitutional guarantees of freedom and security.

Separation of Powers Principle tn the States of XXI Century: Constitutional Approach

The relevance of the topic of this study comes from the constant search by legal theorists for the formula of an ideal state and the determination of the scope of power and functions of a particular branch of government. That is because the different balance and strengthening of one of the three branches of government leads to the formation of one or another political system within the state, and also determines the dynamism of the country’s development. In different states, this balance and system of checks and balances are formed differently, which gives rise to their political characteristics, thus creating political challenges. The subject of this work is the principle of separation of powers, according to which democracy is realized in the modern world. The purpose of the work is to explore the theory of separation of powers, its current position in countries with Presidential and Parliamentary forms of government and how compliance with certain criteria can help maintain the effectiveness of government in the modern era. The topic of this study is relatively up-to-date due to the small number of legal works devoted to the issues which are taken into consideration. Most researchers focus on the topic of the classical theory of separation of powers, rightfully positioning it as the dominant and generally accepted principle of organization of power in a state. Thus, based on a certain distribution of power, they give their preferences to one or another form of government. At the same time, the smaller number of works are devoted to alternative positions associated with the branches of government. This article, in its essence, is a study that starts discussion on the topic of the constitutional branch of government. The research methods used in this work are typical for a legal research (analysis, synthesis, etc.). Through a comparative analysis of the separation of powers in the countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the United States and Indonesia, this study attempts to shed light on the need to establish a balance between the three branches of government. This study outlines the position of why the principle of separation of powers is so important for modern states of the world. And how does this principle ensure stability, security and democracy in a state. Based on the analyzed theoretical and real provisions in countries, the author proposes the position of adding a new branch of government to the existing one - the classical system of checks and balances. The constitutional branch of power is a guarantee of stability and balance of a certain state. The findings of this study contribute to the debate on the distribution of power and responsibilities between branches of government and compliance with checks and balances. This reflects the eternal search for balance between branches of power in the theory of law. This study also proposes to supplement three branches of government with a fourth component - the Constitutional branch of government. The author suggests that the inclusion of a new branch of government will help make government systems and their forms of governance more democratic, efficient, and capable of meeting the requirements of modern time.

MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS OF THE VEGETABLE INDUSTRY ACCORDING TO THE CRITERION OF THE INDEX OF THE USE AND REPRODUCTION OF SOIL FERTILITY

The article presents the results of the search for the optimal balance between the profitability of agriculture and the preservation of natural resources. An attempt is presented to balance the productivity of natural resources and the preservation of the natural environment, which ensures the high efficiency of resource use without reducing soil fertility and environmental degradation. However, when using intensive, knowledge-based, high-tech farming methods, it is important to ensure optimal use of soil fertility to achieve economic efficiency and production stability in the long term. Preservation of soil fertility is an important area of ensuring sustainable development of agriculture and environmental protection. The need to solve the economic and ecological problems of rational use, protection, preservation and reproduction of soil fertility is determined, because in the context of the post-industrial stage of the development of the society, attention to the preservation of natural resources and sustainable development becomes necessary to ensure economic prosperity and long-term environmental sustainability. The ecological criterion in the assessment of the market for vegetable products becomes a key indicator, as it reflects the degree of consideration of environmental aspects and the sustainability of ecosystems. Taking into account the methods of using soil fertility and its restoration determines how much agriculture conserves natural resources. A forecast model of reproduction of soil fertility in vegetable production of Ukraine under different scenarios for the period until 2030 is proposed, reflecting different approaches to managing soil fertility and ecological efficiency of agricultural activity. The choice of the optimal scenario depends on many factors (economic possibilities, ecological views and social requirements) and can contribute to the sustainable use of soil fertility and the maintenance of ecosystems. A study was conducted to assess the intensity of losses and restoration of soil fertility in the activities of modern enterprises of the Vinnitsa region, which were specialized in vegetable growing. The necessity of observing soil-saving technologies at the expense of external regulatory impulses, which in the economic and sanction direction will force to change the behavior of the agents of the market of vegetable products in Ukraine in the direction of greening, has been established.

ПРИНЯТИЕ УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ ПРИ ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИИ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ, ВЫЗВАННЫХ ПАВОДКАМИ, НА ОСНОВЕ КЛАСТЕРНОГО АНАЛИЗА УЧАСТКОВ МОНИТОРИНГА ЛЕДОВОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ

The article is an approach to the complex solution of problems related to the monitoring of leash-hazardous areas, including those related to the possible deterioration of the ice situation. In conditions of limited forces and means, time for decision-making, a set 
 of controlled characteristics of the system, the question of the so-called definition of love plots becomes extremely important. Priorities can be determined based on various parameters, based mainly on the values of the risk of an event, taking into account the most adverse consequences and damage from the occurrence of an emergency, taking into account existing limitations and the impact of external factors. In this regard, the search for the optimal balance of the formation of a set of preventive measures aimed at preventing and further reducing the likelihood of an emergency and the consequences of its occurrence becomes an absolute task. This management task forms the basis of anti-crisis management of difficult-to-predict emergencies associated with floods.

Components of the quality of education differentiation: new reality of human capital formation

The article discusses the key areas that determine the social differentiation caused by the discrepancy between the educational services market and the labour market. Based on the social statistics data and the results of sociological research the reasons influencing the formation of professional trajectories of young people are investigated and the content of human capital within the framework of the institute of education is analysed. The authors paid special attention to the analysis of the institute which in modern society reproduces the needs of the economic system and strengthens social differentiation, allows an individual to make a holistic choice on the basis of the available educational potential. At the same time, the market of educational services is considered in conditions when supply and demand are separated in time. The search for balance in this market is the result of cooperation between social partners and the efforts of the state.

Darbo ir laisvalaikio pusiausvyros paieškos iš kartų kaitos Lietuvos visuomenėje perspektyvos

Work and leisure are interlinked and mutually determining spheres of human life, both of which are socially constructed concepts that depend on a variety of cultural, social and economic factors. In contemporary society, the balance between work and leisure is particularly relevant in the light of various social, economic and technological changes, such as the intensification of work, the constant accessibility of workers to smart communication devices, the blurring of the boundaries between professional and private time, the introduction of flexible forms of work organisation, etc. The pursuit of work-life balance is therefore even becoming a kind of cultural value imperative aimed at ensuring individual and societal well-being. Using empirical data from the European Values Survey spanning almost three decades (1990-2017), this paper analyses the dynamics of value orientations related to work and leisure in Lithuania, in order to see how the importance of these areas of life and the perception of their relationship to each other is changing in different groups of the population, and how this is related to the change of generations. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, nonparametric covariance analysis and multiple group comparison test and revealed significant differences in value attitudes related to work and leisure and their interrelationship in different social generations in Lithuania, suggesting that, while the importance of work itself has remained essentially unchanged, we are witnessing a profound cultural change, manifested as a broadening of the spectrum of expectations related to work and a search for a better work-life balance.

The Search for Balance in the Digital Existence of Modern Man: A Review of the Set of Manuals “Digital Ascetics”

The review is devoted to the set of manuals “Digital Ascetics” and the prospects of its use in the educational process among modern youth. It also considers and problematizes the trend towards increasing digitalization of contemporary human existence and ways of finding a balance between “online” and “offline”.
 The purpose of this review is to familiarize a wide range of readers with the methodology of “digital asceticism”, to justify the use of this methodology in the modern educational model, and to search for potential “growth zones” of this methodological material.
 The results of the review can be useful to both teachers and students of schools, secondary schools, universities, and their parents.