Sealer Placement Research Articles

Comparative evaluation of effects of various sealer placement techniques on sealing ability

Comparative evaluation of effects of various sealer placement techniques on sealing ability

Crown Discoloration Induced by Endodontic Sealers: Spectrophotometric Measurement of Commission International de I'Eclairage's L*, a*, b* Chromatic Parameters

Despite the improvement of endodontic materials, crown discoloration induced by root canal sealers remains a concerning clinical issue. The aim of this study is the measurement of the alterations in CIE L*, a*, b* chromatic parameters of tooth crowns after placement of commonly used and new-generation endodontic sealers in pulp chambers. Eighty intact, fully developed third mandibular molars were randomly assigned in five groups. Crowns were cross-sectioned from the root complex 1 mm below the cement-enamel junction. The internal axial walls of the pulp chambers were debrided and coated with endodontic sealers (Roth-811, AH-26, Guttaflow, Epiphany SE). The apical access was sealed with glass-ionomer cement. The control group was only debrided. Crowns were stored in individually marked vials in standard conditions (100% humidity, 37°C). The spectral reflectance lines were recorded with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer in the visual spectrum. The CIE L*a*b* parameters were obtained by a linked computer software before sealer placement (baseline), after one week, one, three, and six months, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed with two-way mixed ANOVA models. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. With the exception of the control group, experimental groups presented varying chromatic alterations. Among all experimental groups, Roth-811 sealer induced the most severe alterations in CIE L*, a*, b* chromatic parameters, during all observation periods. After root canal obturation, the clinician should be aware of the presence of remaining root canal filling materials. Thorough debridement of the pulp chamber is essential for the prevention of sealer-induced discoloration.

Confocal laser scanning microscopic investigation of ultrasonic, sonic, and rotary sealer placement techniques

Background:Sealers are used to attain an impervious seal between the core material and root canal walls.Aim:To compare the depth and percentage of sealer penetration with three different placement techniques using confocal laser scanning microscopy as the evaluative tool.Materials and Methods:Root canals of 30 single-rooted teeth were prepared to a size of F3 and AH plus sealer with Rhodamine B was applied with Ultlrasonic file (Gr-1), lentulospiral (Gr-2), and Endoactivator (Gr-3). Canals were obturated with gutta-percha. The roots were sectioned at the 3 and 6-mm levels from the apical foramen and were examined on a confocal microscope.Results:A statistical significant differences among Gr-1, Gr-2, and Gr-3 were found at the 3 and 6-mm level (P < 0.05; ANOVA-Tukey tests) for the depth and percentage of sealer penetration except for Gr-1 and Gr-2 at 3-mm level. Gr-1 showed maximum mean depth of penetration (810 μm) and maximum mean percentage of sealer penetration (64.5) while Gr-3 showed minimum mean depth of penetration (112.7 μm) and minimum mean percentage of sealer penetration (26.7).Conclusion:Depth and percentage of penetration of sealer is influenced by the type of placement technique and by the root canal level with penetration decreasing apically.

The effect of different sealer placement techniques on sealing Ability: An in vitro study

Aim:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the sealing ability of an endodontic sealer following different techniques of its placement.Materials and Methods:A total of 119 permanent human anterior teeth were prepared by using manual Protaper® and randomly divided into three equal groups of 33 teeth each. The teeth were obturated with the cold lateral condensation technique and AH26 sealer which was placed by using the following: G1: rotary lentulo spiral; G2: manual lentulo spiral; and G3: master gutta-percha coating. The remaining 20 teeth served as positive and negative controls. The samples were immersed in the methylene blue solution for 3 days and longitudinally sectioned for dye penetration assessment and analyzed using a stereomicroscope.Results:There was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.305) among the three groups. However, the rotary lentulo spiral technique and the master gutta-percha coating technique showed the highest (4.5 mm) and the lowest (3.8 mm) microleakage values, respectively.Conclusion:Different techniques of sealer placement used in this study provided a comparable seal. However, the master gutta-percha coating technique might be preferable because of its ease of use.

A comparative evaluation of the effect of final alcohol rinse and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite as a final irrigant on sealer coverage of root canals. An in vitro study

Tensioactive agents may alter dentinal wettability allowingincreased sealer penetration into dentinal tubules. This may improve the apical seal and better entomb remaining bacteria.The purpose of this study was to determine if a final rinse of alcohol or sodium hypochlorite increased sealer coverage of root canal. The samplcs were randomly divided into four groups according to the method of sealer placement and final irrigant used. Group 1 file and 95% ethanol, group 2 file and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, group 3 lentulospiral and 95% ethanol, group 4 lentulospiral and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The samples were obturated with AH26 as sealer mixed with carbon black powder and gutta percha All samplcs were decalcitied with 5% nitric acid and dehydrated in alcohol, followed by clearing in methyl salicylate. The cleared samples were measured under dissecting microscopefor sealer penetration with the help of millimeter scale. Although a final rinse of alcohol did not increase sealer coverage, a high variability was found in the middle and apical third portions ofthe root canals.

Anin-vitroevaluation of sealer placement methods in simulated root canal extensions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sealer placement in simulated root canal extensions. Forty resin blocks were attained from the Endo-training Bloc. In each block. The simulated root canal was made with , 80taper GT file. After each block was longitudinally split into two halves, a standardized groove was prepared on one canal wall of two halves to simulate the canal extensions with various irregularities. The two halves of each block were assembled and all simulated root canals were obturated by single cone method with AH26 sealer. Four different methods of sealer placement were used: group A, K-file; group B, ultrasonic file; group C, lentulo spiral; group D, EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral. All obturated blocks were stored in humidity at for 1 week, Using a low speed saw, each block was sectioned horizontally. Images of the sections were taken using a stereomicroscope at 30 magnification and a digital camera. The amount of the sealer in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system, a higher score indicated better sealing effectiveness. The data was statistically analysed by Fisher's Exact Test. The sealing score was the lowest, specially at the middle area of canal extensions in group A, and that was statistically significant difference from other groups. In conclusion, the ultrasonic file, lentulo spiral and EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral were effective methods of sealer placement in simulated canal extensions. The K file was the least effective method, specially at the middle area of canal extensions.

Bi-directional spiral compared to traditional sealer placement techniques

An in-vitro study was carried out to investigate four methods of sealer placement- gutta percha point, file, lentulo spiral and bi-directional spiral to evaluate the location of sealer after obturation with lateral condensation and difference in sealer coverage among the four sealer placement techniques. Forty four freshly extracted human anterior teeth having straight and single canal and fully developed apices were selected. Canals were prepared by step back method and obturated using lateral condensation technique.The teeth were divided into four experimental groups depending upon the sealer placement technique. All the specimens were decalcified in 5% nitric acid solution. After dehydration in increasing grades of alcohol, they were placed in methyl salicylate for clearing. Stereomicroscopic evaluation of the specimen showed that bidirectional spiral- a recent innovation in sealer placement method-exhibited least sealer coverage. But its use showed better chance to fill accessory and lateral canals and prevented apical extrusion of the sealer.

The effect of ultrasonics on sealer distribution and sealing of root canals

The purpose of this study was to compare the ultrasonic and hand methods of sealer placement using three types of sealers: Sultan "Grossman's formula," AH-26, and CRCS. The effect of these methods on radiographic density, sealer distribution, and on the apical seal of the different sealers was evaluated. The in vitro experiment was carried out using human extracted mandibular incisors and mesio-buccal roots of maxillary first and second molars. Following standardized canal instrumentation, 120 single canal mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to six groups, depending on the type of sealer and method of sealer placement (hand versus ultrasonic). An additional ten teeth were used as controls. In the molar groups 40 canals were randomly assigned to two groups, with the method of sealer placement as the variable. Eight canals were used as controls. Postsealer analyses using radiographic density scores transformed to mm of sealer indicated that ultrasonics was superior to manual placement only for CRCS. Taken together, our investigation suggests that ultrasonics may enhance the placement of some sealers (i.e. CRCS) but not of others (i.e. AH-26 or Sultan). Method of sealer placement had no effect on apical leakage and therefore apparently on apical seal.

An in-vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods

An in-vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods

A comparison of sealer placement techniques in curved canals

Sealer placement techniques have not been examined in teeth with curved canals prepared with Lightspeed instruments. Three traditional methods of placing sealer were studied, using 45 extracted human single-rooted teeth, divided into 3 groups of 15. Root canal preparations were made with Light-speed nickel-titanium, engine-driven instruments. AH26 sealer was applied with either K-file, lentulo spiral, or master gutta-percha cone. Radiographs were taken after sealer placement and analyzed for amount of canal sealer fill. The teeth were then obturated with laterally condensed gutta-percha, chemically cleared, photographed, and analyzed for total canal wall sealer coverage. The results showed a statistically significant difference in canal sealer fill among the three groups before obturation, but there was no statistical difference in canal wall coverage among the three groups after obturation. None of the examined methods exceeded an average of 62.5% wall coverage of sealer after obturation. This suggests that complete wall coverage after obturation may not be possible.

OR 73 A comparison of sealer placement techniques in curved canals: M.C. Hall*, D. Clement, S.B. Dove, W.A. Walker, III. Univ. of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

OR 73 A comparison of sealer placement techniques in curved canals: M.C. Hall*, D. Clement, S.B. Dove, W.A. Walker, III. Univ. of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Effect of a final alcohol rinse on sealer coverage of obturated root canals

An endodontic sealer is required to provide an apical and coronal seal in root canals. No previously reported methods of sealer placement completely coated canal walls. The purpose of this study was to dehydrate canal walls with alcohol and determine if this permitted better sealer coverage. Forty single-rooted teeth were prepared and divided into 4 groups of 10 teeth according to method of sealer placement and final irrigant: (a) by lentulo spiral and (b) file NaOCl, (c) lentulo and alcohol, and (d) file and alcohol. After canal preparation, groups 1 and 2 were irrigated with 1 ml of NaOCl and dried with paper points. Groups 3 and 4 were irrigated with 1 ml of alcohol and dried. AH26 (0.04 ml) dyed with charcoal black was applied to the apical end of the file or lentulo and placed in the canal to coat the walls. Gutta-percha without additional sealer was laterally condensed. Teeth were cleared and evaluated for location and amount of sealer visible. Data were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and analysis of variance. The results showed (a) no significant differences among the four groups, (b) all areas had sealer present, (c) the coronal third had > 50% sealer coverage in nearly all teeth, and (d) the middle and apical thirds showed the most variability in sealer coverage.

In vivo evaluation of root canal sealer distribution

The effectiveness of sealer placement and its distribution in the prepared root canal system by an energized ultrasonic file was evaluated in vivo. One hundred patients had sealer placed into prepared root canals with either the master gutta-percha cone or an ultrasonic file. Before placement of sealer with the file, canals were irrigated, debrided, and flushed with water for 10 s and an energized #20 ultrasonic file at 1.0 mm from the working length. Canals were obturated with gutta-percha using lateral condensation, and evaluations were based on the presence or absence of sealer-filled accessory canals. Chi-square analysis showed that a statistically significant difference existed in the number of radiographically visible accessory canals filled when the ultrasonic file was used to place the sealer.

PC 28 An in vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods

PC 28 An in vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods

Sealing ability of sectional injection thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique with varying distance between needle tip and apical foramen.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of the distance of the needle tip from the apical foramen on the apical seal and the length control of the root filling material when thermoplasticized gutta-percha is injected using a sectional injection technique. Ninety-nine human single-rooted mandibular incisors and permanent premolars with straight canals were divided into three equal Groups A, B and C. In Group A the teeth had relatively the wider root canal, in Group C the narrowest, while in Group B root canal size was intermediate. The root canals of all teeth were prepared with a step-back technique. Roots of Group A were instrumented to a Size 70 4 mm short of the working length, while roots of Groups B and C to a Size 70 6 mm and 8 mm short of the working length, respectively. The teeth of all groups were covered with aluminium foil and embedded in acrylic blocks. After the placement of sealer (Roth 811) the root canals of all teeth were obturated with injection-molded thermoplasticized gutta-percha using a three-stage sectional technique. The roots remained in India ink for three days and then cleared by successive immersion in nitric acid, ascending grades of alcohol and finally in xylene. The linear dye penetration and the linear apical underextentionion of the root canal filling were measured by two independent examiners under a stereo microscope. There was no significant difference in the linear dye leakage between the groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

In vitro evaluation of four methods of sealer placement

Sealer is required during root canal obturation, although no studies have shown which method of sealer placement provides the best coverage. This study evaluated and compared four methods of sealer placement: file, lentulo spiral, ultrasonic files, and master gutta-percha cone. Forty mandibular incisors were prepared by a step-back technique. AH26 (0.04 ml) was applied to the placement device, the sealer was placed in the canal, and the canal was obturated with lateral condensation of gutta-percha. The specimens were cleared and evaluated for the presence of the sealer in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of the canal. The results showed no statistically significant differences among the four groups. The greatest variation in sealer coverage was found in the apical level. Sealer coverage in the coronal and middle thirds was nearly identical regardless of sealer placement technique.

Obturation quality utilizing ultrasonic cleaning and sealer placement followed by lateral condensation with gutta-percha

The quality of canal obturation utilizing ultrasonic or hand instrument sealer placement followed by lateral condensation with gutta-percha was investigated. This in vitro study using the mesial roots of human mandibular molars showed the ultrasonic method of sealer placement resulted in a more thorough coverage of canal walls than when the sealer was placed with hand instruments. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.005). Ultrasonic sealer placement may be safely and effectively utilized when obturating a complex root canal system.

Ultrasonic endodontic sealer placement

The use of ultrasonic energy for applying sealer tothe root canal system was investigated. A method of ultrasonic sealer placement was described. This in vitro study using human mandibular molars compared hand instruments with ultrasonics for sealer application. The ultrasonic method of root canal sealer placement covered the canal walls more thoroughly. The difference between the methods of sealer application was statistically significant (p = The use of ultrasonic energy for applying sealer tothe root canal system was investigated. A method of ultrasonic sealer placement was described. This in vitro study using human mandibular molars compared hand instruments with ultrasonics for sealer application. The ultrasonic method of root canal sealer placement covered the canal walls more thoroughly. The difference between the methods of sealer application was statistically significant (p =