Scope Of Qualitative Research Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Metaphorical Analysis on the Perceptions of Students with Special Abilities

The main goal of this study is to reveal special talented primary school students' perceptions of artificial intelligence, one of the popular concepts of recent times, through metaphors. In this study, the phenomenological design, which is within the scope of qualitative research, was used. In this study, Türkiye Science and Art Center included special talented primary school students in the education field. The 104 special talented primary school students participating in the research were 9-14 years old. Of these students, 53 were boys and 51 were girls. The participants were in the 3th grade, 4th grade, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades of primary education. Purposive sampling method was chosen in the research. When the answers from the students were examined, a total of 36 different categories emerged in line with the relevant metaphors. When these categories are examined in detail, it is seen that the concept of artificial intelligence is represented by different metaphors. According to the findings, it was determined that primary school students simulated the concept of artificial intelligence to different metaphors such as robot, smiling robot, robot vacuum cleaner. As a result, it has been revealed that special talented student generally have positive opinions about the concept of artificial intelligence.

Göçün Eğitim Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Göçmen Veli Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi

The aim of this study is to determine the problems experienced by immigrants in the field of education through interviews. Evaluating the views of immigrant students' parents on this issue, it was desired to get concrete results in the field. At the same time, taking into account the situations that developed due to the pandemic, questions were asked regarding access to distance education. In this study, the interview method was applied within the scope of qualitative research. Data were obtained by using semi-structured interview forms. The sample of the study consists of seven immigrant families living in Konya. The semi-structured interview form used in the study was developed by the researcher himself. When the findings are examined, it has been seen that the problems experienced by these immigrant families who have lived in Turkey for a certain period of time in relation to education do not make a significant difference from other individuals who are Turkish Citizens. This is not true for all children of parents, especially if there are problems with adaptation. Participants in the research stated that they learned Turkish by overcoming language-related problems in a short time in terms of communication. Immigrant parents stated that they are very satisfied with the education in Turkey. Key Words: İmmigration, Parents, Education, Matters

What Remains in Students from an Etwinning Project: The Case of Şebit Project

The aim of this research is to find out how the eTwinning project prepared to prevent bread waste is evaluated from the students' perspective. The research was conducted within the scope of qualitative research. The research was carried out with 6th grade students consisting of six people who voluntarily participated in the eTwinning project. In line with the main purpose of the research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the students at the end of the project and data were collected. The data obtained were subjected to content analysis, and codes and themes were created. At the end of the research, it was revealed that the students found the ŞEBİT eTwinning project educational, instructive and entertaining. In addition, it was determined that the project contributed to awareness of bread waste, learning web 2.0 tools, taking responsibility, teamwork and communication. In addition, it was determined that students had difficulties in using web 2.0 tools and time within the scope of the project. In line with the students' opinions, it is suggested that the eTwinning platform should be made more functional for both teachers and students within the scope of this research.

Investigation of Urban Transformation Process, Methods, and Techniques: Elazig Province Sample

This study aims to examine and present the general results of the urban transformation studies methods and techniques applied in the province of Elazig after the Sivrice earthquake. The study used a descriptive approach method within the scope of qualitative research. Urban transformation project data applied in risky areas were obtained from technical analysis and interviews. The research covers the results of urban transformation in risky areas of Elazig province. Cleaning, renewal, and post-disaster transformation methods were used in urban transformation works in risky areas. The general situation after the earthquake has revealed some weaknesses in selecting methods and techniques for urban transformation applications. As a result of urban transformation practices, bioharmological buildings that are more compatible with the current earthquake legislation, with a stronger carrier system, more comfortable, and in terms of user identity and purpose of use, are offered to the use of beneficiaries.

İkinci Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Dil Seviyelerine Göre Dilbilgisi ve Konu İçeriği Sıralaması

The sequencing of grammar and content in the instruction of Turkish as a second language is crucial. Determining which topics and grammar rules will be taught at each level poses a challenge. The studies conducted so far on the subject have been carried out both institutionally and individually. Although some studies have been conducted in accordance with the levels specified in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, Turkish should be considered separately from European languages due to its belonging to a different language family and structure. In this study, the case study model was used within the scope of qualitative research. The data were obtained through observation and document analysis and interpreted through content analysis. In light of the findings obtained, the grammar and subject teaching sequence of Turkish as a second language has been shaped according to appropriate levels. While creating this sequence, emphasis was placed on the logical relationship between language grammar content and topics. 25 (13 DBİ, 12 Kİ), A2’de 23 (9 DBİ, 14 Kİ), B1’de 18 (10 DBİ, 8 Kİ), B2’de 24 ( 19 DBİ, 5 Kİ), C1’de 22 (16 DBİ, 6 Kİ) ve C2’de (7 DBİ,  3 Kİ) it was observed that grammar and subject content headings stand out in teaching Turkish as a foreign language.

Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Aslanın Krallığı Anadili Okuma Hikâye Kitabının Temel Seviyeye (A1-A2) Uyarlanması

Teaching Turkish as a foreign language, which has received increasing interest in recent years, needs supplementary materials beyond textbooks. The necessity of preparing supplementary reading books that will meet this need has emerged. Creating reading materials especially suitable for students' levels will contribute to language teaching and a better understanding of Turkish culture. In the current situation, when teaching Turkish to foreigners in Turkey, the lack of reading materials suitable for the target language levels is noticeable. In this context, within the scope of qualitative research, the reading book titled The Kingdom of the Lion, which was prepared as a native language reading book, was transformed into a basic level reading book in a foreign language by using adaptation techniques. Each paragraph of the story is translated separately and shown in tables, using the simplification, expansion and simplification methods generally used in adaptations. According to the findings, it was concluded that preparing basic level (A1-A2) reading material for teaching Turkish as a foreign language could contribute to students' improving their reading skills and better understanding. It has been concluded that creating story books at appropriate levels for those learning Turkish as a foreign language will make a valuable contribution to language teaching practice. Keywords: Turkish as a foreign language, Reading teaching, Story Adaptation, Basic Level

A Review of Measurement Tools Developed and Adapted Based on the Rasch Model

It is often observed that the Rasch model is frequently used in determining the psychometric properties of measurement tools because the Rasch model has many advantages in the development and adaptation of measurement instruments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the theses included in the National Thesis Center, which examine the psychometric properties of measurement tools within the framework of the Rasch model, within the scope of the requirements of the Rasch model. In line with this purpose, the model of the research is a document analysis research within the scope of qualitative research. All theses containing the word Rasch in the thesis name and index were examined, and 24 theses in which the measurement tool was developed and adapted within the scope of the Rasch model were found. In order to examine these measurement tools, a coding list was created and the data was analyzed by applying categorical analysis which is one of the content analysis methods. According to the results obtained, it was revealed that in the majority of theses, information was given about unidimensionality, but in half of the theses, no information was given about the local independence assumption. There are studies that do not specify which model is used for polytomous items, and it was observed that model comparison was not performed. It was determined that item model fit was generally tested with different approaches in the theses, and item parameters were generally included. It is among the results that the Person separation index related to reliability was not reported in all studies, and sufficient information was not provided in some studies, even though Differential Item Functioning analyses were performed. In light of these results, it is seen that there is no common systematic approach in the development or adaptation of measurement tools within the framework of the Rasch model in the studies. Therefore, it is recommended that more detailed studies explaining this systematic approach should be conducted.

A Review of Achievement Test Development in Türkiye Regarding the Achievement Test Development Process

The purpose of this research is to determine to what extent the articles titled achievement test development, published between 2020-2023, meet the steps that should be followed during the achievement test development process. The research is a document review study within the scope of qualitative research. In determining the studies to be included in the research, consideration was given to the fact that the aim and title of the research included '...developing an achievement test', that the full text of the article was accessible, and that the research language was Turkish, and a total of 40 articles were included in the research. In the study, a coding list was created and used by the researcher, based on Turgut and Baykul's (2012) achievement test development steps. Data analysis of the research was carried out using the categorical analysis method, one of the types of content analysis. In the articles examined within the scope of the research, it is seen that there are deficiencies in almost all stages of the achievement test development process, starting from presenting the test plan based on the test plan to including the items to be included in the final test form. In line with the research results, it may be suggested that the achievement test development steps in the literature be taken into consideration in studies.

Layered Methodologies: Innovating Multimodal Qualitative Research in Liver Transplantation

BackgroundThere is a growing interest in qualitative methodologies for understanding complexities in the lived experience of liver transplantation. Frequently, such studies explore quality of life and offer insights for integrating patient-oriented outcomes into conventional research strategies. The scope of qualitative research in liver transplantation tends to be limited, however, with respect to engagement with critical theories, leaving certain aspects of lived experience unexamined. MethodsThe authors describe the process of layering multiple modes of critical qualitative research in liver transplantation, exploring how experiences in liver transplantation are structured discursively and what aspects of recipients’ stories are not easily spoken or shared. This study pairs a critical discourse analysis of patient manuals from a Canadian liver transplant program with digital storytelling with liver transplant recipients. ResultsA homogenous narrative emerges from patient manuals that does not adequately capture the complexity of lived experience of liver transplant survivors. Digital storytelling opens new narrative possibilities by layering sensory aspects of the transplant experience, which are often difficult to articulate through words. This complicates common ideas of survivorship, who is considered a “good” patient, and the cultural scripts that transplant stories frequently engage. ConclusionCritical qualitative research offers opportunities for understanding structures of power embedded within biomedical transplant narratives. Layering qualitative and arts-based methodologies within a framework of co-creation can shift knowledge/power relations while also intervening through material-discursive practices to offer novel insights and opportunities for critical reflection on transplant experiences for recipients, families, and healthcare providers.

Examination of the Stress Factors Experienced by Coaches

The aim of this study is to determine the factors that increase the dominance of sports coaches on coaches in recent years and show that it is a stressful job. Interview technique was used in the research carried out within the scope of qualitative research. A total of 83 football coaches aged between 32.24±4.14 (k=4.e=79) participated voluntarily in the study, in which the criterion sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used. The data collected with the semi-structured interview form were analyzed using the content analysis method. In line with the opinions of the coaches about the stress situations collected from the research findings, the opinions and suggestions of the coaches about the stress on the concept of performance pressure, interpersonal stress, intra-organizational stress and finally uncertainty are given. As a result, coaches stated that stress is a psychological condition for them, and it is a situation that is likely to be encountered at any time.Keywords: Sport, Stress, Trainer

Teaching Mathematics through Micro-Learning in the Context of Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge

In light of technological development worldwide, the focus has been on how different types of digital technology can be used to provide activities that will enhance students' mathematical learning. Micro-learning is an innovative approach that will accelerate digitalization in mathematics teaching, attract students to mathematics, and combine technology and mathematics education. The study aims to reveal the effect of micro-learning teaching of the middle school 6th-grade mathematics lesson "Ratio" on students' conceptual and procedural knowledge. In the study carried out within the scope of qualitative research, the case study research design was preferred. In the study group, ten students studying in the 6th grade of middle school were studied. In the research, the conceptual and procedural knowledge definitions of the "Ratio" subject created by the researchers were created by reviewing the literature, and the status of the interview was examined based on the data obtained at the end of the study. During the data collection phase of the research, the Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge Test (CPKT) developed by the researchers and interviews with two students were used. The collected data was analyzed by content analysis. After the micro-learning teaching in the e-learning environment, it was seen that there was a 76% success rate in the procedural knowledge of the students, in which they generally acquired the conceptual knowledge of the "Ratio" subject. Thus, it has been demonstrated that micro-learning can be used in mathematics lessons.

Reuse of Found Spaces by Using Ceramic Material

Buluntu mekânlar kültürel mirasın bir parçası olup, o dönemin mimari üslubunu günümüze yansıtır ve yapıldığı dönem hakkında bilgi verir. Buluntu mekân kavramı; mevcut yapıların kullanılmaması ya da atıl bir şekilde terk edilmesinden sonra farklı bir kullanım alanına dönüşmesi ya da yeniden farklı bir işlev için inşaa edilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Genel bağlamda mevcut yapı korunarak özellikle malzeme çeşitliliği ile yapılara anlam kazandırılmaktadır. Yirminci yüzyılın son yıllarında, dünya genelinde kamu tarihi ve koruması alanında gelişmeler meydana gelmiştir. Andreas Huyssen'in "doymak bilmez müze kültürü" olarak adlandırdığı kavramda, çok sayıda yeni yer ve nesne, tarihsel olarak önemli olarak tanımlanmış, anma ve yeniden işlevlendirme uygulamaları için birçok mekân uygulaması yapılmıştır. Geçmişin kalıntılarında aranan anlamların yelpazesi de bu bağlamda genişlemiştir. Politik olarak koruma kavramı popülist bir hal alırken, ticari olarak miras küresel bir endüstrinin parçası olmuştur. Toplumlarda sosyal, fiziksel, kültürel açıdan değişimler olmaktadır ve bu değişimler ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda, mekânlara da yansımıştır. Buluntu mekânlar; çağdaş bir dille, yapıldığı dönemin üslup özelliklerini kaybetmeden işlev değişikliğine uğratılabilmekte ve yapıya sürdürülebilir özellik kazandırılabilmektedir. Atıl durumda olan yapılar, mevcut işlevini kaybettiğinde, eski yapının karakteri, özgünlüğü, dokusal ve yapısal bağı bozulmadan yeni kullanım amacına göre projelendirilmesine dikkat edilmesi gerekir. Bu aşamada yapıyı; geçmişteki bağından koparmadan yenilemek önemlidir. Nitel araştırma kapsamında, buluntu yapılarda seramik malzeme kullanılarak, mekâna yeniden nasıl işlev kazandırıldığı araştırılmış olup; proje-tasarım-estetik boyutlarda değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Uluslararası platformda, konuyla ilişkili bu yapılar, örneklerle aktarılmıştır.

Ideal Drama Classroom Design From the Perspective of Preservice Teachers

The objective of this research is to determine the opinions of preservice teachers about the ideal drama classroom. For this purpose, a descriptive study was conducted within the scope of qualitative research. The study included 71 preservice teachers from different branches taking drama courses in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year in the education faculty of a public university in Turkey. The researcher developed a data collection tool to determine preservice teachers' opinions about the ideal drama classrooms. In this context, preservice teachers designed their ideal drama classrooms, noted the objects that should be present, and wrote their opinions about the drama classroom they designed. The obtained data were analyzed by using content analysis. Frequency, code, and theme tables were created, and direct quotations were used to reflect participant opinions. Preservice teachers stated that an ideal drama classroom should be suitable for movement and spacious, and the floor should be appropriate for walking barefoot. In addition, they noted that in an ideal drama classroom, equipment such as stationery, costumes, cushions, sound system, board, and computer should be available. Suggestions were presented based on the opinions of preservice teachers.

Analysis of Education Management Information Systems of the Ministry of National Education in Terms of Interoperability

This research, which aims to reveal the current state of the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) information systems in terms of interoperability, was carried out with the basic qualitative research design under the scope of qualitative research. The data that constituted the source of the research were collected from teachers, vice-principals and school principals working in public schools at high school level. Semi-structured interview forms were used as data collection tool. The obtained data were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the analysis, the findings were gathered under two themes as intra organizational and interorganizational interoperability. The results of the research showed that the Ministry of National Education has some features in terms of both intraorganizational and inter-organizational interoperability, but it cannot fully use the opportunities arising from the use of the central Education Management Information System (EMIS), and accordingly, there are areas that need to be developed in both dimensions in terms of interoperability. In terms of in-house interoperability, suggestions have been made such as transferring the data in the Education Information Network (EBA) to eschool, moving more student data between education levels, and transferring the data expected from the management levels through information systems by making it pre-defined. In terms of interorganizational interoperability, it is recommended that the MoNE information systems be made interoperable with the Ministry of Health, Higher Education Institution and Social Security Institution.

The effects of internet of things on the transportation cost management: a study of logistics company

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to examine the Internet of Things (IoT) conceptually and structurally. In this regard, the study will examine the potential effects of the investments of the Internet of Things in the transportation operations of logistics, discuss the potential effects of the transportation costs of the Internet of Things and investments on control and Management. This study also analyze and evaluate such investments in a logistics company. Methodology- In order to examine the potential effects of IoT investments on the management of transportation costs, an interview was conducted with an Istanbul-centered company of logistics service provider in this study. The data were collected and evaluated by asking open-ended questions within the scope of qualitative research with an interview technique. Findings- It was determined that the company gained the advantage of real-time monitoring and controlling of the transportation operations, real-time monitoring of vehicles and drivers, monitoring of the thermal conditions of loads, monitoring and controlling of the incidents of losses and accidents through hardware and various technology like the Internet of Things (IoT) and integrated sensors to it. On the other hand, the study received comprehensive support of data from the company about the transportation process and the control of vehicles, loads, and drivers with IoT investments and the costs of transportation. Thus, the study obtained significant advantages for determining, calculating, and controlling costs. However, since IoT investments are new, and R & D operations for some integrated technologies continue in the company, the quantitative data that include cost advantages have not been formed yet. Therefore, a limited evaluation was conducted. Conclusion- Technically, IoT is a technology that connects the vehicles in transportation operations in logistics with smart networks. IoT enables complete control and real-time monitoring for transportation operations, and it can decrease setbacks and waiting during the transportation process. In this regard, it can increase the management power for the transportation costs by offering advantageous qualities, such as comprehensive data support and real-time monitoring for determining and calculating the transportation costs and controlling expenses or spending. Hence, IoT can increase value-added for transportation operations and provide competitive pricing advantages with its cost. Consequently, IoT investments can provide advantages like “offering a transportation service with high value-added to supply chains, decreasing the costs of vehicles and drivers, and optimal pricing” to logistics companies against their opponents. Keywords: Internet of things, transport operations, logistics cost, transportation cost, cost management. JEL Codes: L90, L91, M10

EXHIBITION TECHNIQUES OF INSTALLATIONS MADE ON THE BASIS OF THE IDENTITY OF THE PARIS LE BON MARCHÉ DEPARTMENTAL STORE SPACE

With the development of the industry, a department store type has emerged in order to provide easy access to the products. department store; It is a variety that exhibits different product groups with multiple departments in a single architectural volume and is offered for sale, and started to be applied as of the 18th century. The first example is the Le Bon Marché department store in Paris, France. These large square meter stores, which are also a center of socialization, have gone to identity structuring as alternatives have emerged and even contain the same products. Le Bon March”, being the first of its kind, grew with increasing demand and went into professional structuring in order to differentiate itself from the environment, and it was revised by the important architects of the period. As a result of the visual identity it has created, it has started to host both fashion product sales and eating and drinking activities by hosting many brands. The sociality that has developed as of the 21st century has brought a new dimension to the exhibition spaces by reflecting in the commercial action. Department stores have turned into centers for arts organizations as well as selling products in this direction. Installation type, which is the application and expression type of art, started to take place in department stores at this stage. Le Bon Marché's deep historical value has turned the art of installation into an area where it will integrate with spatial identity. At this stage, the spatial identity of the installations in the departmental store, the artist and the applications exhibited by integrating with the style in his works are seen. In the study, which is considered within the scope of qualitative research, the exhibition techniques created on the basis of spatial identity are handled with case studies and literature support, and it is reached how the installations can be rationalized in the spatial identity of the department store. Keywords: Department Store, Identity, Space Design, Installation, Exhibition Techniques.

Experiences of children and young people from ethnic minorities in accessing mental health care and support: rapid scoping review

Background Mental health problems are common among children and young people in the UK. Some young people from ethnic minority backgrounds experience mental health problems in different ways from those from non-ethnic minority backgrounds. Furthermore, those from ethnic minority backgrounds often experience greater difficulties in accessing mental health support and variable levels of engagement with services, and may prefer different support to their white British peers. Objective To describe the nature and scope of qualitative research about the experiences of children and young people from ethnic minority backgrounds in seeking or obtaining care or support for mental health problems. Data sources We searched seven bibliographic databases (Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, PsycInfo®, Health Management Information Consortium, Social Policy and Practice, and Web of Science) using relevant terms on 23 June 2021. Methods The scoping review included qualitative research about young people’s experiences of seeking or engaging with services or support for mental health problems. Included studies were published from 2012 onwards, were from the UK, were about those aged 10–24 years and were focused on those from ethnic minority backgrounds (i.e. not white British). Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment (with ‘Wallace’ criteria) were conducted by two reviewers. We provide a descriptive summary of the aims, scope, sample, methods and quality of the included studies, and a selected presentation of authors’ findings (i.e. no formal synthesis). Results From 5335 unique search records, we included 26 papers or reports describing 22 diverse qualitative studies. Most of the studies were well conducted and clearly described. There were studies of refugees/asylum seekers (n = 5), university students (n = 4) and studies among young people experiencing particular mental health problems (n = 14) (some studies appear in multiple categories): schizophrenia or psychosis (n = 3), eating disorders (n = 3), post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 3, in asylum seekers), substance misuse (n = 2), self-harm (n = 2) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (n = 1). There were also three studies of ethnic minority young people who were receiving particular treatments (cognitive–behavioural therapy, multisystemic therapy for families and a culturally adapted family-based talking therapy). Most studies had been conducted with young people or their parents from a range of different ethnic backgrounds. However, nine studies were conducted with particular ethnic groups: asylum seekers from Afghanistan (n = 2), and black and South Asian (n = 2), black African and black Caribbean (n = 2), South Asian (n = 1), Pakistani or Bangladeshi (n = 1) and Orthodox Jewish (n = 1) people. The studies suggested a range of factors that influence care-seeking and access to mental health care, in terms of the beliefs and knowledge of young people and their parents, the design and promotion of services, and the characteristics of care professionals. Poor access was attributed to a lack of understanding of mental health problems, lack of information about services, lack of trust in care professionals, social stigma and cultural expectations about mental resilience. Limitations As this was a rapid scoping review, there was only a basic synthesis of the research findings. Future work Future research about young people from ethnic minorities could cover a wider range of ethnic minorities, sample and analyse experiences from particular ethnic minorities separately, cover those accessing different services for different needs, and adopt multiple perspectives (e.g. service user, carer, clinician, service management). Study registration This study is registered as https://osf.io/wa7bf/. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery programme and will be published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery; Vol. 10, No. 22. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Formation of professional competencies of a future foreign language teacher in the field of distance education

The aim of this study is to evaluate the opinions of teacher candidates and teachers related to foreign language teaching through distance education and to make forward-looking recommendations in line with these views. The study group consists of 30 teacher candidates who studied foreign language teaching at various universities in Kazakhstan during the 2020–2021 academic year and 35 English teachers who teach English in secondary schools in Almaty. The study was carried out within the scope of qualitative research and research data were collected with two semi-structured interview forms created by the researcher. The data obtained from the research are categorised by content analysis. As a result of the study, teacher candidates found distance education more inefficient in education than formal education and inadequate to provide distance education. Teachers, on the other hand, saw distance education as advantageous in terms of saving time and space, disadvantaged by student motivation, teacher inexperience and technical glitches. As a result of the research, it has emerged that urgent solutions are needed to eliminate the need to provide a separate education on distance education to teacher candidates and teachers, student motivation and technical problems.
 Keywords: distance education, advantages of distance education, disadvantages of distance education, foreign language teacher candidates, foreign language teachers, teacher opinions

Teachers’ Experiences and Views Regarding Distance Education Courses for Foreign Language Teaching at Secondary Education Level

The Covid-19 pandemic is a significant event for the whole world and our country. It is thought that this epidemic, which started in 2020 and whose effects continue to be felt, has negatively affected all areas of life and will continue to affect them for a long time. Countries have taken a series of measures to prevent the spread of the epidemic, and within the framework of these measures, every level and sector of education has had to switch from the face-to-face education model to distance education practices. In this context, the aim of our study is to examine the experiences and views of teachers regarding distance education courses in foreign language teaching at secondary education level and to offer suggestions for the future. The study group of the research, which was prepared within the scope of qualitative research, consists of 20 foreign language teachers, who were determined with a holistic multiple case design, one of the purposive sampling methods. A questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions was sent to the participants via WhatsApp due to the ongoing epidemic conditions, and the data obtained were subjected to content analysis. Participants stated that distance education courses were not spent productively for students, but that they could be adapted to the new order with a number of measures to be taken.

SOME ASPECTS OF EXCELLENCE OF CUSTOMS POLICY OF GEORGIA

SOME ASPECTS OF EXCELLENCE OF CUSTOMS POLICY OF GEORGIA