Field Of Technical Sciences Research Articles

Substantiation of diagnostic parameters for determining the technical condition of transmission assemblies in trucks

We have conducted a selection of diagnostic parameters to control technical condition of the gear box. Development of technical operation of transportation vehicles is aimed at examining and predicting a technical condition with the formation of a rational diagnostic base being a key direction. Solving the tasks in a given scientific-technical field was based on the theory of relative sensitivity. This involved a theoretically substantiated relationship between diagnostic parameters and the indicators of reliability for the assemblies of transportation vehicles based on their parametric dependence that we proposed. The implementation of theoretical research was conducted by determining a technical condition based on the express diagnosis of transmission oil in the gear box of the family of trucks KamAZ. We have performed express control and examined the working transmission oil for the following parameters: alkaline number, the content of mechanical impurities, dielectric permittivity. The dependences of their change on the run of transportation vehicles were obtained, as well as the corresponding criteria of sensitivity over different intervals of the run. We selected diagnostic parameters and formed a rational base using the criterion of relative sensitivity, establishing the run and the required diagnostic parameters. Control over diagnostical parameters of the gear box should be executed for the following indicators: the content of mechanical impurities in transmission oil – within intervals of 0…12 and 48…60 thousand km of the run; the dielectric permittivity of oil should be controlled within 48…60 thousand km of the run; the alkaline number of transmission oil should be controlled within 12…24 and 48…60 thousand km of the run of the examined transportation vehicles. Based on the compiled rational diagnostic base, it is possible to run an analysis and predict technical condition of the gear box, as well as establish supporting operations in technical operation.

Diagnose der Schwierigkeiten zum Schreiben einer wissenschaftlichen Arbeit im Fachbereich technische Wissenschaften

Diagnosing the Difficulties of Writing a Scientific Paper in the Field of Technical Sciences
 Writing a scientific paper is a process divided into three phases, each consisting of several steps: understanding, preparation and elaboration. The university teacher who is called upon to translate specialized texts should always strive to take responsibility and improve basic knowledge of the language (or languages) of specialty in which he is called to exercise his jurisdiction in the areas he has invested, and to pass it on to his students to prepare them for specialized technical reading and writing. One need only shows the students how to conduct a literature search effectively and how to use it profitably. No one can properly translate an academic paper from or to a specific language without first learning the target language; in particular, the vocabulary, which reveals both the knowledge and the basic knowledge of the subject and is even a starting point of any knowledge of the development process, and yet it is the central component of any knowledge representation. The writer of a scientific paper must take the necessary step back to analyze his own practice of writing, because one must know how to write and even write precisely and objectively. For this he must read and know how to read. Understanding what one reads depends on one's ability to decipher the linguistic signs and interpret their meaning. In order to be able to transfer knowledge related to reading, writing and translation of academic works, the teachers themselves must first acquire these skills. If the teaching of general translation comes to imparting know-how, then teaching for the acquisition of technical languages is reduced to a way of communicating this knowledge. To be more precise, it learning, recognizing what to learn, and learning how to learn. The teaching of technical languages necessarily requires the design of a pedagogy or an original learning model. The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of mastering the language skills with the appropriate specialized terminology and the need for teaching writing in order to obtain a valid scientific work. This article is supplemented by a diagnosis of the most common problems in writing scientific papers of master's and PhD students and lecturers who face various problems in communicating and presenting the results of their research.

Typological Characteristics of Innovatively Active Student Youth

This paper focuses on the results of the research on the psychological features determining the degree of success of the involvement of students into innovative activity as well as the efficiency of its implementation within a four-year project at the Department of Psychology (Tomsk State University) and the Russian Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovation Enterprises in the scientific-technical field (Moscow) – “Elaboration and Implementation of the Psychological-Educational Support of Getting the Young Involved into Innovative Activity”. Total sample of the research included 958 participants of the various youth innovation contests carried out by the governmental non-commercial organizations in three Federal Administrative Districts of Russia (City of Moscow, Southern Federal District and Siberian Federal District). Obtained research data on possibilities of developing a classification of the psychological profiles of the innovation-oriented student youth is discussed.

Reconstruction of the Technical Museum in Zagreb

Technical Museum is one of the most visited Museums in Zagreb (capital of Croatia). The museum presents scientific and educational centre in the field of technical sciences. The entire structure of the Museum is constructed as a timber structure and as such represents a rare existing example of the European engineering concept of expo-halls timber structures with large span (85m x 40 m) from the early 20 century. In this article overview of different NDTs that were performed in order to assess the structural performance of elements is given; moisture ratio and ultrasound investigations are carried out in situ in order to investigate timber condition. Based on the detected state of the structure reconstruction measures are presented.

Basics of quality management of research and development of piston internal-combustion engine for tractive vehicles

It is shown that a scientific reserve of research and development ensuring subsequent integration into the international scientific-technical field should be created aiming the achievement of technical level and competitiveness of internal-combustion engines for tractive vehicles in the WTO market.

Verificación analítica para las determinaciones de cromo hexavalente en aguas por espectrofotometría

En la actualidad la prestación de servicios analíticos de laboratorios, toma de forma ascendente más auge y utilidad. El efecto de un análisis de aguas es forjar resultados correctos y confiables, siendo la verificación de ensayos uno de los aspectos más importantes y factor clave para conseguir este propósito. La determinación de cromo hexavalente en aguas por colorimetría con la difenilcarbazida es la metodología analítica más usada y útil que se conoce en el ámbito científico técnico, principalmente, por su alta selectividad y también debatida por su reacción a las interferencias. En el presente estudio se hizo la valoración analítica del método espectrofotométrico para la determinación de cromo hexavalente en aguas; el objetivo de este trabajo fue confirmar correctamente la aplicación del método para el análisis de aguas. Se trabajaron muestras de diferentes tipos de agua: potable, residual y superficial, siguiéndose estrictamente los protocolos de verificación. Se encontraron resultados satisfactorios en precisión y exactitud con el fin de emitir resultados confiables y reales de la muestra analizada.

The Application of RS Automatic Classification to Land Use Survey in Southwest China

Remote sensing is one of the most rapidly developing scientific technical fields in the late 20th century, which is characteristic of macro-lawexploring and micro-truthseeking. However, how to transfer the technical strategies of eyes-based interpreting to the automatic classification of remote sensing images is the main research direction of remote sensing application, thus making land use survey more objective, RS technology more quantified, and the attainment of land use messages more quick. Owing to the varied landforms and diversified land use in Southwest China, this paper aims at the establishment of a complete set of technical strategies and methods by the application of RS image automatic classification in a wide range of land use survey. Organically combining unsupervised classification and supervised classification, outside survey and expert knowledge, it will greatly improve the operating easiness and classification accuracy.

Formation of development investments in the postcrisis period

This article deals with the dynamics of production and procurement of products of domestic investment engineering over the past quarter century, the modern cost aspect of reproduction of the active part of fixed assets, the conditions and major directions of investment development s in the postcrisis period with the active participation of the scientific-technical field.

Fast Online Approximation for Hard Support Vector Regression and Its Application to Analytical Redundancy for Aeroengines

The hard support vector regression attracts little attention owing to the overfitting phenomenon. Recently, a fast offline method has been proposed to approximately train the hard support vector regression with the generation performance comparable to the soft support vector regression. Based on this achievement, this article advances a fast online approximation called the hard support vector regression (FOAHSVR for short). By adopting the greedy stagewise and iterative strategies, it is capable of online estimating parameters of complicated systems. In order to verify the effectiveness of the FOAHSVR, an FOAHSVR-based analytical redundancy for aeroengines is developed. Experiments on the sensor failure and drift evidence the viability and feasibility of the analytical redundancy for aeroengines together with its base—FOAHSVR. In addition, the FOAHSVR is anticipated to find applications in other scientific-technical fields.

Teknik och emancipation. Doing gender som interaktivt förändringsarbete

In what way are gender and technology interrelated? What kind of knowledge is highly valued in the field of technical sciences? How can we achieve a deeper understanding of the meanings of technology? How do the actors and their values and beliefs on the concept of technology influence the production of knowledge in this field? A feministic approach to these questions implies a critical perspective, which makes the formål and informat structures of power surrounding the production of knowledge visible. A fruitful tool in the processes around scientific emancipation is the methodological approach of interactive research. In combination with the theoretical perspective of "doing-gender" this approach facilitates a different view on knowledge, where theories are built on practical experiences. Due to the valuation of the practical local knowledge, as well as theoretical knowledge, the interactive approach opens up for democratic development. It is necessary to be aware of the relations of power between the different actors, including the researcher subject, as it has a strong influence on the outcome of the knowledge production. With the help of the broader view on knowledge, offered by feminist theory, it is possible to develop the concept of technology. An emancipatory change requires work on different levels, (i) the individual, (ii) the organisational and (iii) the scientific and it demands knowledge of what meanings gender has in relation to the organisation and to the technology.

Validity of Measures of Math- and Science-Related Self-Efficacy for African Americans and European Americans

The present study examined the reliability and validity of three measures of investigative (science) self-efficacy, a measure of self- efficacy with respect to scientific/technical fields (STF), and mathematics self-efficacy. Also, it addressed the question of whether or not these measures were psychometrically sound and normatively comparable with African Americans and European Americans. Among other findings, all measures were found to be reliable in both racial groups, and all but the STF were found to be related to each other as well as to a criterion of consideration of majors and careers in the sciences. Although validity was comparable for African Americans and European Americans as groups, there was some tendency for relationships of self-efficacy to science relatedness of choices to be strongest among African American women. There were significant gender differences in math and science self-efficacy (in favor of males), but no significant race differences. The STF, used originally with students who had already tentatively selected majors in science and engineering, yielded nearly bimodal score ranges in these unselected samples (both African Americans and European Americans), suggesting its use may be inappropriate with unselected samples of college students. Recommendations for use of these measures in both further research and to evaluate the effectiveness of efficacy-based interventions are reported.