Scientific Writing Research Articles

Instilling Akhlakul Karimah through Islamic Education Learning (PAI) (Phenomenological Study at Senior High School)

This article discusses the guidance of akhlak karimah through PAI learning at Tunas Luhur Paiton Probolinggo High School. This article uses the Type of Field Research (Field Research) of the object of study by using reference sources on related topics. This article argues that the development of moral mercy through PAI learning in Tunas Luhur High School Paiton Probolinggo is a model of applying moral mercy which has implications for increasing students' submission to Allah SWT and improving the academic quality of students. This school is located in Paiton Probolinggo, which was established by PT. YTL East Java and PT. Java Power as a form of Community Development commitment. This school has many enthusiasts but is limited to a maximum of 20-30 students/classes. This school implements a Full Day School system in collaboration with the Institute of Probolinggo Regency and the Malang Institute of Development. The Tartila Institute of Probolinggo Regency organizes Qur'an Learning in addition to organizing English education in the form of smart English (s.e) so that a program of increasing devotion to Allah SWT relating to Requiring students to perform Dhuha Prayers, Dhuhr Congregational Prayers and Asr in schools and carry out a serial telephone to wake up students at night with the aim that students perform Tahajjud prayers; program The school's academic quality improvement program organizes the Student Learning Development Program (BBS) which has 2 objectives: UNAS success and SNMPTN success and Scientific Writing (KTI) which must be completed by students before semester 2 of the last class (TA). This article discusses the general description of the daily morals of students at Tunas Luhur Paiton Probolinggo High School which is implemented through the efforts made by PAI teachers in fostering student morals through PAI learning. The success of this school is characterized by behavior when at home even without control from the teacher, students still carry out routine worship that is accustomed to being carried out for example prayer in congregation and from the teacher, students continue to carry out routine worship that is accustomed to being carried out so that silaturrahmi formed both among students.

PROMOVENDO O ENVOLVIMENTO E A APRENDIZAGEM DE ESTUDANTES NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA COM A ESCRITA CIENTÍFICA NA DISCIPLINA DE QUÍMICA INORGÂNICA

PROMOTING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN EXPERIENCE WITH SCIENTIFIC WRITING IN THE INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COURSE. The student who has just entered higher education is faced with chemical knowledge that receives a much deeper treatment when compared to high school so that he is not always able to construct meanings for this knowledge. To help in this construction of meanings, we analyzed an experience in which students of an Inorganic Chemistry course were asked to produce a text based on the reading of a scientific divulgation text and to participate in the evaluation process of their colleagues’ texts. We observed a good involvement with the activity and the construction of relationships between the topic in question and the contents developed in the discipline, what contributed to improve the performance of the class. We argue that the involvement with creative writing of scientific texts should be encouraged throughout the entire undergraduate course

Faculty Development Programme on Transdisciplinary Research (Virtual)

Transdisciplinary research connotes a new paradigm of scientific inquiry that transcends boundaries of disciplinary silos to address critical issues in a coherent way. Transdiciplinarity contrary to interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary refers to the true integration of disciplines at the level of concepts, assumptions, theories, methods, and interpretation which promotes theoretical, conceptual, and methodological reorientation with respect to core concepts of the participating disciplines. According to the International Center for Transdisciplinary Research- Paris, the encounter between disciplines ensures the emergence of new data and new interactions offering a new vision. Transdisciplinary research is a promising approach that helps to provide sustainable solutions to the complex socio-ecological problems in the contemporary world. Hence it is imperative to equip faculty members and provide further impetus to undertake transdisciplinary research. It is also essential to update faculty members on the possibilities and roadblocks to transdisciplinary research. The Faculty Development Programme is an academic initiative to update the knowledge and skills of faculty in transdisciplinary research methods. Further it will also enrich the knowledge of the faculty members on data science and the relevance of big data analytics in transdisciplinary research. The FDP is an opportunity for faculty with a passion for research to develop competence and acquaint themselves to new methods of research. The FDP designed to provide an immersion experience to the participants through cross-national knowledge transfer. The report presents the opening remarks of the e Hon’ble Vice-Chancellors of the Collaborating Institutions and the discourses of the erudite keynote speakers from various parts of the world on insightful topics which include Methods/approaches and ethical concerns in Transdisciplinary Research, Data Science/Big Data Analytics in Transdisciplinary Research, Scientific Writing and Publishing and the Art of funded research in Academia.

Scientific Writing = Thinking in Words Second Edition

Scientific Writing = Thinking in Words Second Edition

Creating a Course on Scientific Writing and Oral Presentation in English for Engineering and Science Graduate Students at an Elite Chinese University

Creating a Course on Scientific Writing and Oral Presentation in English for Engineering and Science Graduate Students at an Elite Chinese University

Ensemble Multi-Channel Neural Networks for Scientific Language Editing Evaluation

A huge and growing number of scientific papers are authored by non-native English speakers, driving increased demand for effective computer-based writing tools to help writers composing scientific articles. The Automated Evaluation of Scientific Writing (AESW) shared task promotes the use of natural language processing tools to improve the quality of scientific writing in English by predicting whether a given sentence needs language editing or not. In this study, we propose an Ensemble Multi-Channel Neural Networks (called EMC-NN) model for scientific language editing evaluation, comprised of three main parts: a multi-channel word embedding representation, a combination of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory and Convolutional Neural Networks, and a majority voting ensemble. Experimental results on 143,804 testing sentences show that our proposed EMC-NN achieved an F1-score of 0.6367, outperforming the winner of the AESW-2016 competition task and the recent BERT transformers. Based on a series of in-depth analyses comparing the number of channels, ensemble size and network architectures, the proposed EMC-NN model is a relatively simple, but effective approach that offers significant performance improvements for scientific writing evaluation task.

The Application of Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach toward Students in MTs Muhammadiyah 31 Lamongan on Scientific Writing

The scientific writing skills of students in ninth class of MTs Muhammadiyah 31 Cumpleng Brondong Lamongan are still low and need to be improved. This study aims to describe the application of contextual teaching and learning to Junior high school students in scientific writing. This research is a classroom action research that consists of 2 cycles. The subject of this research is students students in ninth class of MTs Muhammadiyah 31 Cumpleng. Data was collected using test, observation and interview. The data from the test results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while data obtained by from observations, and interviews were described narratively. The results showed that the contextual teaching and learning approach was very effective in improving the scientific writing skills of ninth class students of MTs Muhammadiyah 31 Cumpleng and the average score was 62.13, in the first cycle and the results increased again in the second cycle, 77.15.

Designing Scientific Writing Materials Using Task Based Language Teaching

One of the consequences of teachers as functional positions is that teachers are required to carry out continuous professional development (PKB), so they can carry out their duties and functions professionally. Continuous professional development is the development of teacher competencies carried out in accordance with the needs, gradually, continuously to improve their professionalism; one of them is scientific publication (KTI) or academic writing. This study aims to determine the process of designing the Task Based Language Teaching method in scientific writing material and examine the learning outcomes of elementary school teachers who take tutorial courses on Scientific Work Writing Techniques based on Task Based Language Learning. The subjects of this study were students who took the eight semester of Scientific Writing Techniques course. The method of this research used the modified 4-D instructional development model of Thiagarajan, Semmel and Semmel (4-D models). The methods of collecting data used interviewing, observing, test, and filling out questionnaires. The results show that the application of the Task Based Language Teaching method is appropriate to use in classroom tutorial teaching by considering the results of validation, namely conformity to concept indicators, content feasibility indicators, presentation indicators, and competency indicators with existing RAT and SAT along with Engineering learning modules Writing Scientific Work. Furthermore, students' self-concept is good in learning the Scientific Writing Technique in the tutorial class. This means that students' self-concept had a good improvement and reached a percentage above 70%. This proves that the application of the Task Based Language Teaching method runs seamlessly and according to what is expected. All in all, the students are more enthusiastic and challenging in writing research articles.

Improvement of Scientific Attitudes Through Training of Social Science Scientific Writing in MAN 2 Model Banjarmasin

Scientific works are essays containing scientific ideas that are presented scientifically and use scientific forms and language. Scientific writing brings up scientific problems that are focused on one particular discipline. This article aims to describe the implementation of scientific paper writing training for students in MAN 2 Model Banjarmasin. So that led to the scientific attitude of the writing team. The lecture and assignment methods were carried out during the training from 24 February to 09 March 2020. The results of the service were presented that writing scientific papers, writers must understand the stages of work; first, make ideas in thought. This idea emerged from the reference book, as well as the results of discussions with colleagues. Second, the writer must express his ideas in narrative form (writing). The work process between stages one and two varies greatly for each author. This matter is influenced by experience and habits. However, the second process has an integrated and systemic stage, so that it can provide clarity on the subject of scientific writing for the writer. The next activity is expected to focus on what social themes are relevant to be written in the form of scientific papers.

Physiotherapy Management of Frozen Shoulder EC Tendinitis Muscle Rotator Cuff Conditions Using Short Wave Diathermy, Active Resisted Exercise and Codman Pendular Exercise

Background: Frozen shoulder is a pain in shoulders which conduces limitedness of shoulder joint motion. Tendinitis in M.Rotator Cuff, is an inflammation occured in muscle tendons fused in Rotator Cuff. Physiotherapy problematics of Frozen Shoulder are the existence of pain, the limitedness of joint motion, the decline of muscle strength, and the interference of functional activity. Physiotherapy examination includes examining pain with Verbal Descriptive Scale (VDS), examination of Limited Range Of Motion with Goneometer, examination of muscle strength with Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and inspection of daily functional activities with the Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI) index. In this case, the chosen technology to resolve these problems are by using the modality of Short Wave Diathermy (SWD), Active Resisted Exercise and Codman Pendular Exercise. Objective: To know the effect of Physiotherapy Management Frozen Shoulder e.c Tendinitis Muscle Rotator Cuff conditions with Short Wave Diathermy (SWD), Active Resisted Exercise and Codman Pendular Exercise. Methods: This research was done in RSUD Kraton Pekalongan with analytic descriptive research design. Research subject in this Scientific Writing was a patient with Frozen Shoulder condition e.c. Tendinitis M.Rotator Cuff who was given physiotherapy interventions with the modality of Short Wave Diathermy (SWD), Active Resisted Exercise and Codman Pendular Exercise. Method of data collection and data analysis of this research were by using Autoanamnesis method. Research instruments consisted of the examination of pain, joint motion, muscle strength, and potentiality of functional activity. Result: After four times in therapy, the researcher got four result. They are there was a decline of force pain in T3 = 3 and motion pain in T2 = 2, there was an enhancement of joint motion in T3 and T4 in flexion movement, abduction, exorotation and endorotation of the left shoulder to active and passive movement, there was an enhancement of muscle strength in T3 = Muscle group exorotator and endorotator, and there was an enhancement of functional activity in T3. Conclution: a physiotherapy intervention with device modality and therapeutic exercise modality of can help reduce the problems arising on the conditions of Frozen Shoulder.

Revising a Scientific Writing Curriculum: Wayfinding Successful Collaborations with Interdisciplinary Expertise

Interdisciplinary collaborations to help students compose for discipline-specific contexts draw on multiple expertise. Science, technology, education, and mathematics (STEM) programs particularly rely on their writing colleagues because 1) their academic expertise is often not writing and 2) teaching writing often necessitates a redesigning of existing instructional materials. While many writing studies scholars have the expertise to assist their STEM colleagues with such tasks, how to do so—and, more fundamentally, how to begin such efforts—is not commonly focused on in the literature stemming from these collaborations. Our article addresses this gap by detailing an interdisciplinary Writing in the Disciplines (WID) collaboration at a large, public R1 university between STEM and writing experts to redesign the university’s introductory biology writing curriculum. The collaborative curriculum design process detailed here is presented through the lens of wayfinding, which concerns orientation, trailblazing, and moving through uncertain landscapes according to cues. Within this account, a critical focus on language—what we talk about when we talk about writing—emerges, driving both the collaboration itself and resultant curricular revisions. Our work reveals how collaborators can wayfind through interdisciplinary partnerships and writing curriculum development by transforming differences in discipline-specific expertise into a new path forward.

Developing Scientific Writing of Lower Secondary Students through Inquiry and Science Writing Heuristic Learning

This action research aims to develop scientific writing of lower secondary students through inquiry and science writing heuristic learning. Participants were 15 of grade 9 students from one school in Sisaket province, Thailand. Ten lesson plans including 15 hours, a scientific writing assessment form, and scientific writing interviewing form were employed for research instruments. Findings revealed that each spiral was 66.67%, 73.33%, and 100% of students who pass in scientific writing as following. That is could be discussed and promoted in the science classroom. Students need to be more improved their writing skills relevant to science.

Punctuation Practice in Early Modern English Scientific Writing: The Case of MS 3009 at the Wellcome Library, London

The study of punctuation has traditionally been overlooked by some scholars for being considered haphazard and unpredictable. In medieval manuscripts, every scribe was free to use their own repertory of symbols. However, the establishment of the printing press along with the proliferation of professional scriveners resulted in a process of standardization of the system in such a way that by the end of the 16th century a repertory of punctuation symbols was fully developed (Salmon 1999: 15; Calle-Martín 2019: 179-200). The present study seeks to examine the punctuation system of a 17th-century recipe book housed in the Wellcome Library in London, MS Wellcome 3009. This paper has therefore been conceived with a twofold objective: a) to assess the inventory of punctuation marks in the text; and b) to analyze the use and pragmatic functions of these symbols.

PKM Karya Tulis Ilmiah

The Community Partnership Program (PKM) partners are teachers of SD Pangkep. The problems are: (1) lack of knowledge about scientific writing (2) lack of skills in writing scientific papers and, (3) teachers at SD Pangkep in carrying out their functions are required to be professionally. The external target is the process of compiling Scientific Writing. The methods used are: lectures, demonstrations, discussions, questions and answers, and companion partners. The results achieved are (1) partners have knowledge in the field of Scientific Writing, (2) partners have the skills to compile Scientific Writing and, (3) partners have the ability to increase knowledge of the ability to write Scientific Papers.

Reconsidering the Use of the Passive Voice in Scientific Writing

I briefly review the use of the passive and active voices in scientific writing and formulate an argument in favor of the active voice’s use. I provide fictitious examples of each narrative type and make a side-by-side comparison. Each style has advantages and disadvantages. Papers written in the active voice are concise and clear, although they are also considered colloquial and unsophisticated. Those written in the passive voice, in turn, are centered on the actions – rather than on the individuals – and are perceived as more objective but can also be ambiguous and pompous. I conclude this essay by noting that the active voice – with its greater economy, simplicity, and precision – is now pervasive in scientific writing, and I urge educators to greatly reduce teaching and enforcing the use of the passive voice.

Towards a typology of linguistic and stylistic errors in scientific abstracts written by low-proficiency geoscience and mechanical engineering doctoral students in France

To date, few studies have attempted to formulate typologies of errors by non-native speakers in English scientific writing. In this study of 123 doctoral dissertation abstracts written by doctoral students in France, we present a tentative typology of frequent errors that covers issues with general grammar, expert grammar and style. In order to specifically ascertain the errors made by students who experience very significant difficulties, the 123 items of our corpus were chosen after an initial review of 1018 abstracts because they demonstrated low linguistic and stylistic proficiency. The typology of errors was sought in support of an error identification exercise in the Scientific Writing Assessment Program (SWAP), an English language certification recently developed at ENS Paris-Saclay. Although some disciplinary variation was seen in the distribution of errors, a convergence towards six major error types (determiners, syntax, tense choice, compound phrases, collocations and lack of clarity) was observed (62.96% of all errors in geoscience, and 83.89% in mechanical engineering), suggesting that efforts to mitigate errors should primarily focus on these key issues. Another key finding was that, in contrast with previous studies, traditional grammar issues did not represent the bulk of overall errors (52.78% in geoscience and only 37.32% in mechanical engineering), while the overall frequency of stylistic errors was high in both corpora (30.25% in geoscience, 46.05% in mechanical engineering), showing the importance of errors in relation with genre-specific style. We propose a metric of error frequency, the Comprehensive Error Ratio or CER, to assess the overall quality of abstracts written by non-native speakers of English. In conclusion, we suggest that any typology of errors in ESP/EAP contexts results from a trade-off between seeking descriptive specificity and achieving the specific purposes for which a typology is developed.

Writing Science: What Makes Scientific Writing Hard and How to Make It Easier

Writing Science: What Makes Scientific Writing Hard and How to Make It Easier

Linguistic Variation and Change in 250 Years of English Scientific Writing: A Data-Driven Approach.

We trace the evolution of Scientific English through the Late Modern period to modern time on the basis of a comprehensive corpus composed of the Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, the first and longest-running English scientific journal established in 1665. Specifically, we explore the linguistic imprints of specialization and diversification in the science domain which accumulate in the formation of “scientific language” and field-specific sublanguages/registers (chemistry, biology etc.). We pursue an exploratory, data-driven approach using state-of-the-art computational language models and combine them with selected information-theoretic measures (entropy, relative entropy) for comparing models along relevant dimensions of variation (time, register). Focusing on selected linguistic variables (lexis, grammar), we show how we deploy computational language models for capturing linguistic variation and change and discuss benefits and limitations.

Usefulness of a workshop on scientific writing and publication in improving the baseline knowledge deficit among postgraduates.

A well-written manuscript published in a reputable journal is the deserved end-point of good research. It is important for postgraduates to be trained in scientific writing for their academic progression as well as the advancement of science. A day-long workshop on scientific writing and publication was conducted at Raipur, India in February 2020. The medical postgraduate (UK equivalent: Core Medical Trainee) participants were engaged with lectures, discussions and a practical session requiring critical appraisal of a manuscript. The lectures also discussed publication ethics and the perils of falling prey to predatory journals. Pre and post-workshop surveys were given to the participants to assess the impact of the workshop on the baseline knowledge of scientific writing and publishing. Out of 69 participants, there were 67 (response rate 97%) and 41 (response rate 59%) respondents to the pre and post-workshop surveys respectively. The former identified a lack of baseline knowledge ranging from 6% for determining the components of the individual sections of the manuscript such as Introduction or Methods, 40% for the use of acronyms, and 55% for knowledge of different referencing styles, to 61% for knowledge of indexing agencies. The post-workshop survey revealed improvement in participants' knowledge of the contents of various sections of the manuscript and their knowledge about referencing styles and indexing agencies. In the post-workshop survey, 20% of respondents said that they would be open to engaging with predatory journals, which underscored the need to educate them continuously regarding the demerits of such practice. Participants expressed the need for longer workshops, preferably spread over two days, with discussion on research methodology and statistical analysis, and more 'hands-on' sessions. This survey underscores the need for structured training in scientific writing. Its inclusion in the medical postgraduate curriculum appears desirable.

Astronomy, Philosophy, Life Sciences and History Texts: Setting the Scene for the Study of Modern Scientific Writing

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to offer a description of four of the existing subcorpora of the Coruña Corpus of English Scientific Writing. Both the principles of compilation and the sociolinguistic variables considered during the process of text selection will be described. The editorial practice underlying the computerisation of texts, as well as several pilot studies, will also be discussed.