Scientific Research Institute Research Articles

Re-membering Blackness: Digital Archives, Collective Memory, and a University’s Black History

abstract: The Re-membering Blackness Digital Archive at the University of Scranton shares the university’s racial story as part of a campus-wide initiative devoted to reconciliation and collective memory. By bringing together archival records on Black history in a thematic digital collection, the project presents a corrective lens through which the university community transformed its understanding of the historical Black experience on campus and considered how this history reverberates in the present. The initiative contributes to a growing collection of institutional research projects on African American history and the legacies of slavery and racism in higher education. This article considers the metaphor of archives as memory within critical archival literature, and it examines the relationship between archives and collective memory in the context of the University of Scranton’s initiative to recover Black memory.

Evolution of Sustainable Finance and its Opportunities: A Bibliometric Analysis

With the worldwide promotion of sustainable development, companies across all sectors strive for high profitability while prioritizing the balance between human activities and the natural environment. Sustainable Finance (SF) is proposed in response to this context. This article retrieves 650 papers on SF and energy policies from the Web of Science and Scopus database. Initially, the research does an analytical, statistical analysis that includes several aspects, such as general growth, publishing sources, research locations, and prominent scientific research institutes. The research uses the clustering method to identify the prevailing areas of study in recent years and forecast future research directions. This research identifies significant publications, esteemed experts, discoveries, and forthcoming SF and energy policy research areas. This study enables a systematic and thorough comprehension of SF and energy policy studies. Future research opportunities lie in sustainable bonds, government aid, and greenhouse gas emissions. Future investigations can be conducted by integrating Fintech, big data, and blockchain technology.

Причины повторных или этапных операций при мегауретере у детей и меры их профилактики.

Introduction. The second most common pathology of the ureterovesical segment, after vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), is megaureter. At the moment, it is necessary to optimize the approach to performing various types of surgical interventions in children with megaureter. The question of the timing and indications for surgery, their number and the sequence of treatment stages remains open. The aim: to analyze the causes of repeated surgical interventions for megaureter and their prevention. Materials and methods. In the pediatric uroandrology department of the N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, pneumovesiscopic reimplantation of the ureter (UR) according to Cohen was performed in 26 repeated patients over 9 years. 52 interventions were recorded before pneumovesicoscopic UR. 4 (15.4%) patients were previously operated on at a research institute, 4 (15.4%) at the place of residence and then received staged treatment at the N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 18 (69.23%) patients at the place of residence. Patients underwent from 1-6 surgical interventions, the average value was 2 interventions per 1 patient. Ureteral plication was required in 7 patients. In rare cases, megaureter was combined with ureterocele, duplication of the upper urinary tract and neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Results and Discussion. We combined the reasons for repeated surgical interventions into two blocks: 1inadequate drainage of the ureter, requiring repeated manipulations, including under anesthesia; 2 – complicating factors affecting the quality of the formation of ureterocystoanastomosis, surgical errors in the reimplantation technique and tactical errors that can lead to VUR or obstruction requiring re-operation. The use of original methods: intravesical plication of the ureter, fixation of the ureter at two levels (the entry point of the ureter into the bladder and in the area of the neoostium) is used to increase the length of the submucosal tunnel and create a better anti-reflux mechanism. Conclusion. Understanding the causes of possible complications of ureteral reimplantation allows you to more carefully carry out the stages of the operation, pay attention to key points and improve the results of megaureter correction.

Proposal for the modernization of import-substituting geophysical equipment “AINK-PL” production N. L. Dukhov Scientific Research Institute of Automation

Proposal for the modernization of import-substituting geophysical equipment “AINK-PL” production N. L. Dukhov Scientific Research Institute of Automation

Specificity of managing the resource potential of scientific and knowledge-intensive organizations in Russia at the present stage of economic development

The article analyzes the problem of creating a national scientific research innovative system at the present stage of economic development, taking into account the Russian specifics of managing the resource potential of scientific and knowledge-intensive organizations. The features of scientific research organizations in the USA, Western Europe and China are examined in detail, global trends in reforming the organization of scientific research institutions are highlighted. The authors conclude about the creation of a national innovative system for organizing scientific research in Russia, promoting the development of an innovative economy.

Preface

Abstract The 2024 3rd International Conference on Energy Utilization and Automation (ICEUA 2024) took place during March 15th to 17th, 2024 in Wuhan, China. It was held in the form of virtual conference, which provided a convenient academic communication platform for experts, scholars, enterprise representatives and researchers from all over the world. ICEUA 2024 attracted more than 150 experts, scholars, business representatives and researchers from all over the world. They come from different countries and regions, with different academic backgrounds and research directions. Meanwhile, the organizing committee of the conference was supported and guided by many well-known experts and scholars at home and abroad, with more than half from abroad. They all have rich academic backgrounds and practical experiences, which provided a strong guarantee for the smooth holding of the conference. The conference agenda covered many parts, including the opening ceremony, keynote speeches, oral presentations, poster presentations, free discussion, and closing ceremony. The Conference General Chair Prof. Mouquan Shen (Nanjing Tech University, China) delivered heartfelt congratulations on the convening of the conference and a sincere welcome to all attending scholars, emphasizing that the key to ensuring the sustainable development of energy in China is to improve the efficiency of energy utilization. Then in the keynote presentation part, participants listened to the brilliant speeches of famous experts from home and abroad, and learned about the latest research results and development trends in the field of energy utilization and automation. They all together carried out in-depth exchanges and discussions around the theme of energy utilization and automation, and jointly explored the future development trends and challenges in this field. The theme of ICEUA 2024 covers a wide range of research areas, including Energy Material, Energy Equipment, Energy Storage System, Transport and Distribution of Electric Energy, Modern Signal Processing and Detection Technology, Automation Instrumentation and Device, Automatic Control Application Theory, and so on. The conference proceedings embraces a large number of excellent research results from researchers and scholars from domestic and foreign universities, scientific research institutes, enterprises and institutions. These papers not only reflect the latest research developments in the field of energy utilization and automation, but also demonstrate the cutting-edge technologies and innovative applications in this field. We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to all the experts, scholars, and staff who worked hard for ICEUA 2024. At the same time, we would like to thank all the contributors and guests for their trust and support, which have contributed to the prosperity of the field of energy utilization and automation. List of Committee Member is available in this pdf.

Taxable Business Income in Palestine: Tax Treatment in Palestine for Depreciation Expense for Assets vs. Accounting Treatment According to International Accounting Standards

Accounting is the source of information that any facility's relevant body requires in order to make economic judgments because it arranges the facility's financial reports regularly. The administration, for example, benefits from financial accounting findings because it uses them to plan, direct, and supervise financial operations. Additionally, it oversees and decides on the affairs of lenders, investors, governmental organizations, and scientific research institutions [3] There is a need for unified accounting standards to govern measuring and releasing information whenever financial reports are made in the age of globalization, the expansion of global marketplaces, and the beginning of the industrial revolution. Beneficiaries will be able to quickly compare them to assess and evaluate financial reports and make the most accurate decisions. In 1973, the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) issued the first international standards, the International Accounting Standards (IAS). They also wanted to make global business comparisons easier, increase transparency, and restore faith in financial reports. Later, the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) replaced the International Accounting Standards (IAS) [9]. Moreover, the primary goals of commercial accounting and taxation are not the same. The former requires a straightforward representation of the actual data because it involves gathering information to monitor and make decisions; the latter—even though its primary goal is to increase revenue is frequently employed as a tool for the state's economic and social objectives [16]. The taxation reconciliation process often begins with the financial report's 'net income before taxation', unless there are special purpose financial reports that directly result in 'net [taxable] income'. Subsequently, this value is modified by a range of factors to provide 'net income' [6]. Net profit prepared according to international accounting standards, amending reports based on the approved income tax act to account for any liabilities in Palestine. The purpose of the research is to identify issues in the computation of taxable income in Palestine about which assessors and taxpayers have different opinions in Calculating the issue of depreciation assets and what is tax-recognized and what is not tax-accepted.

Causes and countermeasures of research-integrity problems in the new era: From the perspective of the culture of science

Research integrity is now one of the most important issues in the governance of science and technology (S&T) ethics in China. Many research results have been produced in the academic circle on this topic. A series of regulations and normative documents has been issued by government authorities, and numerous measures have been taken by universities and scientific research institutions. Despite this notable progress, the problems of research integrity have not been eradicated. Incidents such as rejections of papers by journals due to plagiarism and falsification of research results happen from time to time. Also, the awareness of research integrity among some S&T personnel and students has yet to be strengthened. The new challenge for research integrity in the new era is that of being able to locate the deep-seated causes of research-integrity problems and find effective ways to solve them. Exploring the causes of and countermeasures against those problems from the perspective of the culture of science is a research field that deserves greater attention.

Development and prospect ofbotanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer–a visualisation study based on

IntroductionLung cancer has one of the highest death rates in the world. modern medicine is the main treatment, but it has many side effects. Scholars have turned their attention to botanical drugs. It is found that in addition to treating lung cancer, it can also reduce side effects, improve the immunity of patients and the quality of lives of patients. MethodsWe searched journal papers from the Web of Science database dated from January 2002 to March 2023 in the field of botanical drugs treating lung cancer, we used Cite Space, VOS viewer, Pajet analysis software to analyze publication, author, institution, country, keyword, keyword cluster, journals of co-citation analysis, burst keyword, and drew visual maps. Results814 articles were obtained,Liu Liang published the most papers in the field, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was an important scientific research institution, and it had more cooperation with other institutions. China had the largest number of publications. The research content mainly focused on lung cancer, apoptosis, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese herb medicine, efficacy, chemotherapy, signalling pathways, mechanisms, and in vitro. Ten significant clusters were generated by keyword cluster analysis. The Journal Of Ethnopharmacology (929 citations) and Cancer Research (683 citations) were excellent journals in the JCR1 region. The top 18 burst keywords showed the hot research issues in the past more than 20 years. ConclusionThe research is still in initial stage. This paper shows the current situation, research progress, and hotspots of the field with the help of visual maps.

Corporate innovation capacity, national innovation setting, and renewable energy use

This study combines both the resource-based view and institutional theory to investigate the relationship between a company's innovation capabilities and its consumption of renewable energy sources within well-established innovation ecosystems. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset of 14,506 observations covering 2007 to 2018, we executed the country-industry-year fixed-effects regression. The analysis reveals that a nation's innovation framework significantly influences the connection between a firm's innovation capabilities and its use of renewable energy. This relationship is moderated by key indicators of the nation's innovation climate, including the quality of scientific research institutions, university–industry collaboration, and government involvement in technology procurement. These findings emphasise the importance of institutional factors in fostering synergy between a company's innovation capacity and its consumption of renewable energy sources. They highlight the potential benefits of collaboration between firms and governments in promoting renewable energy consumption, especially in an era where innovative energy solutions are critical. This evidence underscores the need for a supportive macro-level policy environment alongside corporate initiatives to facilitate the transition to cleaner energy sources.

Progress toward impact at scale of orange‐fleshed sweetpotato in Ghana

AbstractSweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) was known as a minor root crop in Ghana. Starting in 2010, the International Potato Center (CIP) and multiple partners implemented orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) projects to reposition this crop in Ghana. CIP‐led projects from 2010 to 2021 were identified as Research for Development Initiative projects. These projects consisted of (i) new variety development and commercial seed systems (Sweetpotato Action for Security and Health in Africa: 2009–2019); (ii) OFSP products for business development, breeding‐seed system linkages, strategic awareness for demand creation, sensitization, capacity building, advocacy, and strengthen public‐private partnerships (Jumpstarting OFSP: 2014–2017); (iii) research on shelf‐life and appropriate storage practices (two U.S. Agency for International Development's Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance: 2013–2015 and 2017–2018); and (iv) innovative on‐farm variety testing using the ClimMob‐CitizenScience method (Triadic Comparison of Technologies– roots, tubers, and bananas scaling: 2020–2021). In November 2020, CIP withdrew from Ghana, and the scaling partner, the Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Foundation, led this project up to the end. Strengthened partnerships have driven the expansion of OFSP into value chains. Key partners driving changes were private sector producers and processors, small‐holder farmers, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research institutes, universities, Women in Agricultural Development, Government Extension, Ghana Health Service, and Ghana School Feeding Program. AGRA OFSP for scaling in Ghana (2021–2022) revealed OFSP notably contributed to food security, health, and wealth. It fits in the Food System and contributes to Food Justice in Ghana. Future scaling will depend on consistent policies and efforts to respond to challenges and opportunities along the value chain for sustainability. Impact pathways of theories of change and scaling helped us understand the scaling progress of OFSP in Ghana.

Improvement of millet cultivation technology in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

The article studies the effectiveness of using mineral fertilizers, growth stimulants and bacterial preparations in the cultivating millet technology. The research was carried out in 2021–2023 on the experimental field of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, which located in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The object of study is the mid-late millet variety Kavkazskie Zori, bred by Kabardino-Balkarian Research Institute of Agriculture. Inoculation of seeds with Rizoagrin (Agrobacterium radiobacter) and Azophyte (Azotobacter vinelandii) was carried out on the day of sowing, exogenous spraying of plants with growth stimulants Mival Agro (10 g/ha), MS-extra (0.5 kg/ha) – in the three-leaf phase. Treatment of seeds with biological preparations Rizoagrin and Azofit increases field germination by 8.9 and 5.3%, respectively, relative to the control. They also have a positive effecton the preservation of plants for harvesting. The usage of biological products provides an increase in the yield of millet by 0.38–0.54 t/hacompared to the control, fertilizers – 0.64 t/ha, growth stimulants – 0.27–0.46 t/ha. Maximum productivity was achieved with the biological product Rizoagrin and the growth stimulator MS-extra against the background of N10P26K26 – 2.48 t/ha.

The study of potato hybrids in the Kola North

The article presents data on the study of potato varieties (2020–2022) in the Murmansk region on the basis of an integrated scientific research institution Murmansk State Agricultural Experimental Station – a branch of the VIR. In the trial dig, the hybrid 211/1 was isolated, which exceeded in all main indicators (yield, marketability, mass of tubers from one bush, mass of one tuber) the standard sample – the most adapted to the conditions of the Kola North (variety Elizabeth). There were good results in the main cleaning in terms of marketability: in 2020: hybrid 211/1 – 98.9%, hybrid 114/11 – 98.6, hybrid 2103/7 – 99.4, hybrid 211/9 – 99.4%; in 2021. – 211/1 – 98,1, 114/11 – 96,3, 2103/7 – 98,4, 211/9 – 99,1%; in 2022. -211/1 – 99,5, 114/11 – 99,8, 2103/7 – 99,2, 211/9 – 99%. In 2020 and 2021, the hybrid 211/1 stood out among the other four in terms of yield, marketability, weight of tubers from one bush, weight of one tuber. In 2022, hybrids 114/11 and 211/9 had the best yields. The mass of one tuber in the main harvest in 2022 for the hybrid 114/11 is 126.3 g (more than the standard). According to the maturation time, all samples are close to the standard. According to the research results, the most adapted hybrid 114/11 can be recommended to the population of the northern region.

Analysis on patents of health care products with substances of medicine food homology in China

ObjectiveThe concept of substances of medicine food homology (SMFH) has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study conducts a systematic analysis of patent literature related to SMFH, and elucidates the development trends, technical hotspots, and the overall patent protection landscape of SMFH in China over the past two decades. MethodsThe patent search focused on the SMFH varieties as the objects of inquiry, with retrieval conducted in patent databases. Subsequently, the acquired data underwent processing, analysis, and visualization. ResultsWhile the technical threshold for pharmaceutical applications surpasses that of the food service sector, the former may assume a prominent role in the future. Research and development (R&D) activities in the southeast of China demonstrate robust activity than other regions. Colleges and scientific research institutions exhibit substantial advantages in patent applications compared with individuals and hold greater potential for future development. ConclusionThe findings of this patent analysis indicate that China’s SMFH industry are presently undergoing a transition from an extensive model to a high-quality model. The quality and technical standards of SMFH products are consistently improving. Consequently, there is a need for more stringent patent application requirements to align with the evolving development needs.

Challenges and Opportunities of Education and Scientific Research in the United Arab Emirates

This study addressed the challenges and opportunities of education and scientific research in the United Arab Emirates. It discussed the relationship between educational outcomes, scientific research, and real-world requirements. It also highlighted the density of curricula and the accumulation of knowledge, noting that current educational curricula do not align with the demands of e-learning, which has emerged as a strong and new system in future education. The study emphasized the role of higher education and scientific research institutions in advancing and keeping pace with advanced countries. It stressed the importance of academic and research collaboration among higher education institutions, academic accreditation for programs, and the required skills for each specialization to serve both learners and the country. Regarding scientific research, the study observed a continuous decline due to reduced funding for research and decreased allocated funds by universities. It also discussed faculty members' challenges in their academic and administrative duties. The study concluded by proposing innovative solutions to address the challenges of education and scientific research in the United Arab Emirates.

Wheat Yield Estimation Study Using Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices

Wheat is the main grain crop in our country, and the traditional wheat yield estimation method is time-consuming and laborious. By estimating wheat yield efficiently, quickly and non-destructively, agricultural producers can quickly obtain information about wheat yield, manage wheat fields more scientifically and accurately, and ensure national food security. Taking the Xinxiang Experimental Base of the Crop Science Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as an example, hyperspectral data for the critical growth stages of wheat were pre-processed. A total of 27 vegetation indices were calculated from the experimental plots. These indices were then subjected to correlation analysis with measured wheat yield. Vegetation indices with Pearson correlation coefficients greater than 0.5 were selected. Five methods, including multiple linear regression, stepwise regression, principal component regression, neural networks and random forests, were used to construct wheat yield estimation models. Among the methods used, multiple linear regression, stepwise regression and the models developed using principal component analysis showed a lower modelling accuracy and validation precision. However, the neural network and random forest methods both achieved a modelling accuracy R2 greater than 0.6, with validation accuracy R2 values of 0.729 and 0.946, respectively. In addition, the random forest method had a lower cross-validation RMSE value, with values of 869.8 kg/hm−2, indicating a higher model accuracy. In summary, the random forest method provided the optimal estimation for wheat yield, enabling the timely and accurate pre-harvest wheat yield prediction, which has significant value for precision agriculture management and decision making.

„The Black Box" by George Stocking

Three years before his death on July 13, 2013, George William Stocking, widely regarded as the discipline's "greatest historian of anthropology," wrote an autobiography and memoir entitled Glimpses into My Own Black Box: An Exercise in Self-Deconstruction(2010). The book was published as part of the famous History of Anthropology (HOA) edition, which Stocking started at The University of Wisconsin Press (1983) and edited for two decades. This paper is based on the understanding of the American theoretician of autobiography, William Howarth, who posited that autobiography in literary (and scientific) writing is akin to what self-portrait is in painting. In the introductory chapter of the work, biographical data are presented that bring the character and work of George William Stocking closer to the domestic, Serbian readership (his second marriage to the sociologist Carol Bowman; their stays in Yugoslavia). This is followed by a description of the two main phases in Stocking's life and work: the formative period in his intellectual development and the mature age, known as the "Chicago years", spent in the Departments of History and Anthropology. Bearing in mind the main elements of the autobiographical strategy – character/self-portrait, technique (rhetoric and writing style), and the theme presented by the author's work-text – Stocking's book thematizes the life story, professional and scientific history (history of anthropology) from the position of both a witness and the one of the creators of written histories of the discipline and biographies of its practitioners and theorists. His writing technique is characterized by self-reflection and scientifically argued discussions on anthropological, historical and political topics and problems. Despite the significant influence his writing and edition of the HOA has had in anthropology, social sciences and humanities, the autobiographer problematizes his relationship to the two disciplines that shaped him as a scientist, highlighting his ambivalent position within them. In spite of the objective indicators of professional success, such as prestigious recognitions, awards, a secure position at the University and the Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a comfortable civic life filled with trips, conferences and guest appearances at important American and British scientific research institutions, the subjective experience of "double non-belonging" or rather, liminality, is the leitmotif that colors his self-portrait and the meaning of the text as a whole. The main features of the work, such as its discursive style of narration and description, striving for objectivity and honesty (self-disclosure and „self-deconstruction“), anxiety regarding one's own place, role and importance in science, as well as, at times, a resigned or elegiac tone, especially at the end of the book, i.e. towards the end of his life, provide the basis to include Stocking's strategy in a hybrid type with elements of those two categories that Howarth calls "rhetorical" and "poetic" confession.

Visual analysis of the research frontiers, hotspots and trends of exercise therapy intervention in tumor-related sleep-wake disorders.

To systematically understand the research frontiers, hotspots and development trends of exercise therapy in the intervention of tumor-related sleep-wake disorders, and to provide scientific basis for follow-up research. Downloaded the original research papers on February 26, 2024, from the Web of Science core collection database, on tumor-associated sleep-wake disorders. The data that met the inclusion criteria were imported into the Bibliometric Analysis Platform (http://biblimetric.com), CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviwer1.6.20 software for visual analysis, and imported into Excel2021. Scientometric analysis was performed with Oringin2021 and PyCharm Community Edition 2022.1.3. A total of 512 original research papers on tumor-related sleep-wake disorders were obtained. The most influential countries in the subject area are the United States, Spain and German, the institutions are the University of California System, Sun Yat Sen University and Northwestern University, etal., the authors are Berger AM, Aaronson NK, Bower JE, etal., and the journals are Cancer, Brit J Cancer and Cancer Nurs. The co-cited references suggest that the current research frontier in the field mainly involves the level, place and program of exercise therapy, including the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior and cancer prevention and control. The results of co-occurrence keyword network analysis showed that quality of life, physical activity, breast cancer, exercise, fatigue, and survivors may be the research hotspots in this field, with breast cancer, health, aerobic exercise, adults, and chemotherapy being the most popular. The number of papers published and the research enthusiasm in this field show a steady upward trend. However, there is a lack of influential institutions and scholars, and there is relatively little research collaboration across countries/regions/institutions. The scientific research influence of institutions and scholars in most European and American countries/regions is significantly ahead of that of institutions and scholars in Asian and African countries/regions. But Sun Yat Sen University in China is a relatively active and influential scientific research institution in recent years, which is worthy of attention. In addition, the research frontier of this discipline is the level, place and program of exercise therapy auxiliary intervention, and the research hotspots involve breast cancer, health, aerobic exercise, adults, chemotherapy, etal. Their clinical efficacy needs to be further demonstrated in multi-center, large-sample and high-quality prospective studies.

Bibliometric analysis of China's high standard farmland construction research based on CNKI

Carrying out the construction of high-standard farmland is an important way to implement the principle of "storing grain in the land and storing grain in the technology", and it is an important practice to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's principle of food security. The construction of high-standard farmland can speed up the modernization of agriculture, help urbanization development, and realize the efficient use of arable land, scientific management, and guarantee the increase of farmers' incomes. The construction of high-standard farmland is beneficial to the country and the people. Using CNKI database publication year, institutions, authors, publications, journals, cited frequency, keywords and other elements, we systematically sorted out the overview of the research field of high-standard farmland construction in China from 1996 to 2024, and comprehensively analyzed the research dynamics and hotspots in this field. The results show that: at present, China's high standard farmland construction research mainly focuses on the theoretical policy, implementation effect and engineering technology; the organization with the most publications in this field is the newspaper, and the two documents with the highest total citation frequency are Research on the Construction Standards and Models of High-standard Farmland in Chongqing Municipality and Construction Standards of High-standard Farmland, respectively, and Comprehensive Agricultural Development of China is the periodical that publishes the most related documents; in the future, the research hotspots will gradually tend to be zoning construction and high standard farmland construction. The research hotspot gradually tends to zoning construction, ecological construction and other aspects, need to accelerate the research of scientific research institutions on this aspect of the research and key technology integration.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОЦЕНКИ ВЕРОЯТНОСТИ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ПОЖАРА АВТОМАТИЧЕСКИМИ ПОЖАРНЫМИ ИЗВЕЩАТЕЛЯМИ

The purpose of this work is to draw the attention of fire automation specialists to the issue of the lack of a methodology for assessing the probability of timely detection of a fire by automatic fire detectors. At the same time, in regulatory documents on the calculation of fire risks at protection facilities, this parameter appears under the names «probability of effective operation» and «coefficient that takes into account the compliance of the fire alarm system with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety». At the same time, their values are fixed without a comprehensive analysis of statistical data on the operation of fire alarm systems on fires and without taking into account the impact of the service life of automatic fire detectors included in the system on the threshold of their operation. With this approach, the calculated values of fire risk values may differ significantly from the real ones. Therefore, the issue of the correct assessment of the probability of a timely fire by automatic fire detectors, and consequently, the fire alarm system formed by them, is relevant and requires a solution. The paper proposes to assess the probability of timely detection of fires by fire alarm systems based on a detailed analysis of statistical data on their work on fires, published annually in the statistical collections of Russian scientific research institute of fire protection of EMERCOM of Russia. In order to be able to conduct a detailed analysis, it is proposed to increase the volume of statistical data provided.