Scientific Research Research Articles

Judges and lawyers’ beliefs in repression and dissociative amnesia may imperil justice: further guidance required

ABSTRACT This article examines continuing misunderstanding about memory function especially for trauma, across three UK samples (N = 717). Delayed allegations of child sexual and physical abuse are prevalent in Western legal systems and often rely upon uncorroborated memory testimony to prove guilt. U.K. legal professionals and jurors typically assess the reliability of such memory recall via common sense, yet decades of scientific research show common sense beliefs often conflict with science. Recent international surveys show controversial notions of repression and accurate memory recovery remain strongly endorsed. In historical cases, these notions may lead to wrongful convictions. The current study surveyed the U.K. public, lawyers, and mental health professionals’ beliefs about repression, dissociative amnesia and false memories. Study findings give unique data on judges’ and barristers’ beliefs. Overall, the study findings reinforce international scientists’ concerns of a science – knowledge-gap. Repression was strongly endorsed by lay, legal and clinical participants (> 78%) as was dissociative amnesia (> 87%). Moreover, suboptimal professional legal education and juror guidance may increase misunderstanding. Correcting beliefs about memory function, and extending the contribution of memory science in the courtroom remains an important quest for cognitive scientists.

Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science.

The concept of metamaterial recently emerged as a new frontier of scientific research, encompassing physics, materials science and engineering. In a broad sense, a metamaterial indicates an engineered material with exotic properties not found in nature, obtained by appropriate architecture either at macro-scale or at micro-/nano-scales. The architecture of metamaterials can be tailored to open unforeseen opportunities for mechanical and acoustic applications, as demonstrated by an impressive and increasing number of studies. Building on this knowledge, this theme issue aims to gather cutting-edge theoretical, computational and experimental studies on elastic and acoustic metamaterials, with the purpose of offering a wide perspective on recent achievements and future challenges. This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 1)'.

Ethical dimensions of generative AI: a cross-domain analysis using machine learning structural topic modeling

Purpose The purpose of this study is to comprehensively examine the ethical implications surrounding generative artificial intelligence (AI). Design/methodology/approach Leveraging a novel methodological approach, the study curates a corpus of 364 documents from Scopus spanning 2022 to 2024. Using the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and structural topic modeling (STM), it quantitatively dissects the thematic essence of the ethical discourse in generative AI across diverse domains, including education, healthcare, businesses and scientific research. Findings The results reveal a diverse range of ethical concerns across various sectors impacted by generative AI. In academia, the primary focus is on issues of authenticity and intellectual property, highlighting the challenges of AI-generated content in maintaining academic integrity. In the healthcare sector, the emphasis shifts to the ethical implications of AI in medical decision-making and patient privacy, reflecting concerns about the reliability and security of AI-generated medical advice. The study also uncovers significant ethical discussions in educational and financial settings, demonstrating the broad impact of generative AI on societal and professional practices. Research limitations/implications This study provides a foundation for crafting targeted ethical guidelines and regulations for generative AI, informed by a systematic analysis using STM. It highlights the need for dynamic governance and continual monitoring of AI’s evolving ethical landscape, offering a model for future research and policymaking in diverse fields. Originality/value The study introduces a unique methodological combination of TF-IDF and STM to analyze a large academic corpus, offering new insights into the ethical implications of generative AI across multiple domains.

Speech sound development of young Dutch children with a developmental language disorder: A complex matter.

Approximately 50% of all young children with a developmental language disorder (DLD) also have problems with speech production. Research on speech sound development and clinical diagnostics of speech production difficulties focuses mostly on accuracy; it relates children's phonological realizations to adult models. Contrarily to these relational analyses, independent analyses indicate the sounds and structures children produce irrespective of accuracy. Such analyses are likely to provide more insight into a child's phonological strengths and limitations, and may thus provide better leads for treatment. Ram (1) To contribute to a more comprehensive overview of the speech sound development of young Dutch children with DLD by including independent and relational analyses, (2) to develop an independent measure to assess these children's speech production capacities; and (3) to examine the relation between independent and relational speech production measures for children with DLD. We describe the syllable structures and sounds of words elicited in two picture-naming tasks of 82 children with DLD and speech production difficulties between ages 2;7 and 6;8. The children were divided into four age groups to examine developmental patterns in a cross-sectional manner. Overviews of the children's productions on both independent and relational measures are provided. We conducted a Spearman correlation analysis to examine the relation between accuracy and independent measures. The overviews show these children are able to produce a greater variety of syllable structures and consonants irrespective of target positions than they can produce correctly in targets. This is especially true for children below the age of 4;5. The data indicate that children with DLD have difficulty with the production of clusters, fricatives, liquids and the velar nasal (/ŋ/). Based on existing literature and our results, we designed a Dutch version of an independent measure of word complexity, originally designed for English (word complexity measure-WCM) in which word productions receive points for specific word, syllable and sound characteristics, irrespective of accuracy. We found a strong positive correlation between accuracy scores and scores on this independent measure. The results indicate that the use of independent measures, including the proposed WCM, complement traditional relational measures by indicating which sounds and syllable structures a child can produce (irrespective of correctness). Therefore, the proposed measure can be used to monitor the speech sound development of children with DLD and to better identify treatment goals, in combination with existing relational measures. What is already known on the subject Speech production skills can be assessed in different ways: (1) using analyses indicating the structures and sounds a child produces irrespective of accuracy, that is, performance analyses; and (2) using analyses indicating how the productions of a child relate to the adult targets, that is, accuracy analyses. In scientific research as well as in clinical practice the focus is most often on accuracy analyses. As a consequence, we do not know if children who do not improve in accuracy scores, improve in other phonological aspects that are not captured in these analyses, but can be captured by performance analyses. What this study adds to the existing knowledge The overviews show these children are able to produce a greater variety of syllable structures and consonants irrespective of target positions than they can produce correctly in targets. Consequently, adding performance analyses to existing accuracy analyses provides a more complete picture of a child's speech sound development. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? We propose a Dutch version of a WCM, originally designed for English, in which word productions receive points for word structures, syllable structures and sounds, irrespective of accuracy. This measure may be used by Dutch clinicians to monitor the speech sound development of children with DLD and to formulate better treatment goals, in addition to accuracy measures that are already used.

Photosynthetic biohybrid systems for solar fuels catalysis.

Photosynthetic reaction center (RC) proteins are finely tuned molecular systems optimized for solar energy conversion. RCs effectively capture and convert sunlight with near unity quantum efficiency utilizing light-induced directional electron transfer through a series of molecular cofactors embedded within the protein core to generate a long-lived charge separated state with a useable electrochemical potential. Of current interest are new strategies that couple RC chemistry to the direct synthesis of energy-rich compounds. This Feature Article highlights recent work from our lab on RC and RC-inspired hybrid systems that capture the Sun's energy and convert it to chemical energy in the form of H2, a carbon-neutral energy source derived from water. Biohybrids made from the Photosystem I (PSI) RC are among the best photocatalytic H2-producing protein hybrids to date. Targeted self-assembly strategies that couple abiotic catalysts to PSI translate to catalyst incorporation at intrinsic PSI sites within thylakoid membranes to achieve complete solar water-splitting systems. RC-inspired biohybrids interface synthetic photosensitizers and molecular catalysts with small proteins to create photocatalytic systems and enable the spectroscopic discernment of the structural features and electron transfer processes that underpin solar-driven proton reduction. In total, these studies showcase the incredible scientific opportunities photosynthetic biohybrid research provides for harnessing the optimal qualities of both artificial and natural photosynthetic systems and developing materials that capture, convert, and store solar energy as a fuel.

Who teaches, how they teach, and what they think about environmental impact assessment: perspectives from Brazilian university lecturers

ABSTRACT Research on teaching Impact Assessment plays an important role in seeking improvements in the quality of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). This article analyzes EIA teaching from the perspective of lecturers who teach EIA in Brazilian Environmental Engineering Programs. Using an online questionnaire for data collection and content analysis as a method for data analysis, the results are based on the perceptions of 37 lecturers. The lecturers participating in the survey are predominantly female, relatively young (mostly between 35 and 45 years old), and almost all of them hold a doctorate. Results indicate that the content taught, and the methods used are aligned with best teaching practices in EIA to varying extents. In addition, lecturers’ perceptions of EIA teaching and practice align with results of scientific research on practitioners perception and EIA effectiveness in Brazil, which point out, for example, lack or limitations in participation, but also the presence of good practices. We hope that the results can contribute to reflections and improvements on EIA teaching specifically in Brazil.

Multifaceted paternal exposures before conception and their epigenetic impact on offspring.

As scientific research progresses, there is an increasing understanding of the importance of paternal epigenetics in influencing the health and developmental path of offspring. Prior to conception, the environmental exposures and lifestyle choices of fathers can significantly influence the epigenetic state of sperm, including DNA methylation and histone changes, among other factors. These alterations in epigenetic patterns have the potential for transgenerational transmission potential and may exert profound effects on the biological characteristics of descendants. Paternal epigenetic changes not only affect the regulation of gene expression patterns in offspring but also increase the risk to certain diseases. It is crucial to comprehend the conditions that fathers are exposed to before conception and the potential outcomes of these conditions. This understanding is essential for assessing personal reproductive decisions and anticipating health risks for future generations. This review article systematically summarizes and analyzes current research findings regarding how paternal pre-pregnancy exposures influence offspring as well as elucidates underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide a comprehensive perspective for an enhanced understanding of the impact that paternal factors have on offspring health.

Preparation of 97% pure nickel-cobalt alloy from waste Ni-MH batteries by using waste glass as a fluxing agent

With the e-waste growing rapidly all over the globe due to growing demand of electronics, smartphones, etc., coming up with an efficient and sustainable recycling process is the need of the hour. The present work reports a novel and sustainable process of manufacturing Ni alloy by bringing together three major waste streams such as waste Ni-MH batteries, e-waste plastics, and waste glass. The chosen temperature (1550 °C) favours the reduction of nickel-oxide by e-waste plastic as the reductant and sends rare earth elements present in the waste Ni-MH battery as oxide mixture to the slag phase. Waste glass powder used in this process functions as the fluxing agent, hence not requiring any additional flux. The reduction mechanism is gas-based, controlled mainly by hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases released as a result of decomposition of e-waste plastic as reaction commenced from cold zone (∼300 °C) to hot zone (1550 °C) in the horizontal tubular furnace. Formation of nickel alloy and enrichment of slag with mixture of rare earth oxides were confirmed by XRD, SEM-EDS, and Rietveld refining analysis performed on the XRD spectra of slag phase. ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy) and LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectrometer KT-100S) confirmed the high metal content in the alloy, thereby emphasizing the purity (∼98%) which is close to the composition of nickel super alloy. A maximum of 61% by weight REO enrichment was achieved in the slag phase, having La2O3:44.6%, Pr2O3:14.8%, and Nd2O3: 1.6% under optimised experimental conditions (1550 °C, 15 min, and 20% waste glass powder). This scientific investigation evinces a promising route for efficient utilisation of waste streams emanating from e-waste, thereby devising a sustainable recycling technique and protecting the environment, too.

The practicality of student worksheets on the Scientific Creativity project-based Learning (SCPjBL) model to improve scientific creativity as a creative process for Physics Education students

The aim of this reseach was to describe the practicality of the SCPjBL model, based on the results of the implementation of scientific investigations to improve students' scientific creativity on Student Worksheets (LKM). The method in this study is the development of a modified model and applied in universities in 2024. The sample in this study was 90 students from two different universities. Data were collected based on the results of validation and observation of the implementation of the SCPjBL model. The assessment instrument used an implementation observation sheet carried out by two observers. The observation sheet was filled in by four observers who were divided into two observers who were tasked with observing the implementation of the SCPjBL model phase, and two others observed student activities, the results of the observations were then analyzed quantitatively. The results of the study were in the form of implementation results by obtaining an average score of 3.72 with an average validity percentage of 91% with a very practical category. The results of the practicality of the SCPjBL model and its supporting devices obtained a score of 3.56 with an average implementation percentage reaching 91%. Based on the results of the study, the SCPjBL model was declared practical and feasible for use.

Корневая гниль яровой пшеницы в условиях Зауралья, варианты оперативной защиты

Abstract. Root rot is a harmful and widespread disease of cereal crops. In the conditions of the Urals, Siberia, and Northern Kazakhstan, its causative agents are various species of fungi of the genus Fusarium and the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. The purpose of this study was to comparatively determine the effectiveness of microbiological, chemical and combined protection of spring wheat seeds. Field experiments were carried out on the experimental field of the Kurgan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kurgan SRIA – branch of FSBSI UrFASRC, UrB of RAS) in 2019, 2021, 2022. Scientific novelty lies in the determining the competitiveness of various methods of protecting spring wheat seeds in the conditions of the Trans-Urals within the framework of modern cultivation technology. The methods used are generally accepted in the Russian Federation. Results. In conditions of almost annual occurrence of negative natural phenomena for the growth and development of plants (droughts, frosts, sudden changes in temperature, dry winds, etc.), the use of seed treaters can be an additional stress for plants; the presence of the effect of shortening the underground internode can negatively affect field germination culture. To reduce these risks, as well as the pesticide load, we recommend using a combined method of seed protection. It involves the use of a mixture of a bacterial fungicide based on Bacillus subtilis with a chemical disinfectant at half the consumption rate. At the same time, the level of control of phytopathogens is maintained, there is no retardant effect, and economic efficiency is not inferior to the level of using a two-component chemical seed protectant (113–114 %). Chemical protection of seeds reduced the development of root rot pathogens by 63–72 %. The use of combined protection provided good control of phytopathogens, including the dominant fungi Fusarium. The predominant species from the genus Fusarium were the highly dangerous F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides.

Roles of science and research in vocational teacher preparation: A case study from a Norwegian VET teacher programme

Bridging vocational skills and scientific principles can pose challenges in vocational education and training (VET) teacher programmes. This study aims to enhance such programmes by exploring the potential of reflective practices among students and educators on the nature of science and research in VET contexts. Engaging VET teacher students with multidisciplinary backgrounds in a learning community, the study explores how to further develop research-based teacher training by ‘nudging’ student cooperation. A pedagogical course designed to appreciate students’ prior experiences aimed at preparing them to reflect upon their own professional development from a scientific perspective. Using five focus group interviews with 19 first-year students, the study identifies and explains four key factors for quality in VET teacher training: relevance of pedagogical theory, the value of a multidisciplinary approach, recognition of students’ VET backgrounds, and the importance of community in learning. The findings emphasise the significance of creating coherence between research, vocational skills, educational theory, and real-world applications to develop quality in VET teacher training. This study has implications for educators and policymakers, underlining the need for a comprehensive approach to research-based VET teacher competence that integrates personal, academic, and professional elements.

Doing ethics with microbes: toward a queer feminist posthuman framework for bioethics

The Centre for the Social Study of Microbes (CSSM) at University of Helsinki, Finland is a Wellcome-funded hub for creating new approaches to human-microbial relations. Most urgently, the complex relations between microbes, antimicrobial resistance (in its human-health centered definition, understood as infection and disease now uncurable by antibiotics, threatening human life and wellbeing), animals, environments and climate emergency require new theoretical and methodological approaches. These include a variety of research interest from global fermentation practices and cultures to microbial bioremediation techniques, from aquatic microbes to urban gardens. A key orientation of CSSM is also combining ethnography with artistic and performative practice such as felting, painting, installation, sculpture and audiovisual means, to gain a deeper, more sensory and embodied perspective of our shared lives with microbes. As their agency exists outside textuality, new experimental methodology is needed to engage with it. Thinking with microbes invites many ethical issues that often remain unaddressed in medical and scientific approach. As one of such contributions, we suggest a new framework for bioethics. In a conceptual analysis, a queer feminist posthuman framework aims for radical reorientation of human exceptionalism for more-than-human justice while keeping existing social justice issues between groups of people, such as vulnerabilities cascading around gender and sexual variance, in the same framework. Both a theoretical and practical initiative, seeking to forge solidarity between justice movements, this framework could ground policies relevant to a broader bioethical and philosophical research community, and social scientists studying microbes. This open letter discusses this work at the CSSM.

The scienthetic method: from Aristotle to AI and the future of medicine.

While AI holds immense potential for accelerating advances in oncology, we must be intentional in developing and applying these technologies responsibly, equitably, and ethically. One path forward is for cancer care providers and researchers to be among the architects of AI and its adoption in medicine. Given the limitations of traditional top-down, hypothesis-driven design in an exponentially expanding data universe, on one hand, and the danger of spiraling into artificial ignorance (ai) from rushing into a purely 'synthetic' method on the other, this article proposes a 'scienthetic' method that synergizes AI with human wisdom. Tracing philosophical underpinnings of the scientific method from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle to the present, it examines the critical juncture at which AI stands to either augment or undermine new knowledge. The scienthetic method seeks to harness the power and capabilities of AI responsibly, equitably, and ethically to transcend the limitations of both the traditional scientific method and purely synthetic methods, by intentionally weaving machine intelligence together with human wisdom.

The extent of female biology teachers awareness of scientific enlightenment

The aim of the current research is to study the extent of female biology teachers awareness of scientific enlightenment by answering the following question, For the purpose of answering this question, the author prepared a scale for scientific enlightenment that includes seven areas, which are (Biological knowledge, the mutual relationship between biology, society and the environment, translation of terms, science processes, scientific directions, scientific inclinations and scientific assessment), The scale consists of 50 items that distributed equally over the seven areas of scientific enlightenment. The items for the first four areas were objective which means the answer was either true or false (takes 0-1), as for the last three areas the answer alternatives were three-fold (agree, hesitant, disagree) or (3-2-1). The research sample consisted of female biology teachers of Baghdad/ Al-Rusafa Third Education Directorate, amounting to 105 biology schools, who were chosen randomly from the middle, secondary, and preparatory schools about 150 schools. The results of the research concluded that biology teachers possess scientific awareness, depending on these results, the author developed recommendations and proposals to complement this research.

Anomaly Detection and Correction in Dense Functional Data Within Electronic Medical Records.

In medical research, the accuracy of data from electronic medical records (EMRs) is critical, particularly when analyzing dense functional data, where anomalies can severely compromise research integrity. Anomalies in EMRs often arise from human errors in data measurement and entry, and increase in frequency with the volume of data. Despite the established methods in computer science, anomaly detection in medical applications remains underdeveloped. We address this deficiency by introducing a novel tool for identifying and correcting anomalies specifically in dense functional EMR data. Our approach utilizes studentized residuals from a mean-shift model, and therefore assumes that the data adheres to a smooth functional trajectory. Additionally, our method is tailored to be conservative, focusing on anomalies that signify actual errors in the data collection process while controlling for false discovery rates and type II errors. To support widespread implementation, we provide a comprehensive R package, ensuring that our methods can be applied in diverse settings. Our methodology's efficacy has been validated through rigorous simulation studies and real-world applications, confirming its ability to accurately identify and correct errors, thus enhancing the reliability and quality of medical data analysis.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF WELL GRID DENSITY ON OIL RECOVERY UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY

The density of the well grid is one of the most important parameters that has a significant impact on the rate and amount of oil reserves extraction. As practice shows, existing approaches to the reliable assessment and identification of the degree of influence of this indicator on oil recovery do not allow us to adequately form an idea of the dynamics of reservoir processes and their role in making managerial decisions in conditions of uncertainty. Taking into account the decrease in the number of hydrodynamic and geophysical studies conducted in relation to the total number of wells in operation at fields that are being developed for a long time or just being put into development, the issue of predicting the oil recovery coefficient according to the list of geological and field parameters remains open and requires an urgent solution, including those related to the use of unique complex algorithms. The purpose of the work is to determine the relationship between the density of the well grid and the final coefficient of oil recovery in the development of fields in natural conditions using computer modeling systems. The research methodology consists of the use of existing scientific and methodological approaches to the processing of geological and commercial information in conditions of different densities in combination with the use of various advanced systems for identifying hidden patterns. Geological and statistical models have been defined for the oil deposits of the Famensk tier of the South Tatar arch of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province, allowing for the forecasting procedure for groups of objects identified during differentiation, subject to the dynamic density of geological and field information and various technical and economic indicators of field development. A comprehensive interpretation of the nature and degree of influence of geological and technological parameters on the amount of oil reserves production has been carried out. The need for preliminary differentiation of deposits based on identification with the subsequent use of the presented geological and statistical models to reduce the risks of making erroneous decisions during activities aimed at optimizing the development of analog facilities and rational extraction of residual oil reserves is reliably substantiated.

Assessment of reliability and availability of a system by using a bivariate stochastic model

AbstractIn the present age of industrial revolution where the smart manufacturing and smart production are being used in the developed countries, the production systems are still vulnerable to disruptions and outages that affect the reliability and availability of the systems. Certain scientific and probabilistic approaches are required to study the inter‐failure times and repair times and find the possible solutions for maximum production and minimum losses. In this article, we propose a bivariate Power Pareto distribution to model the inter‐failure times and repair times of a system along with some of its characteristics. The model parameters are estimated by employing the maximum likelihood estimation, Bayesian estimation and ant colony optimization algorithm. A simulation study is conducted for different sample sizes to assess the stability of the model parameters. Moreover, we derive the distribution of convolution from our proposed bivariate stochastic distribution and compute its quantiles that help to determine the total time of availability and recovery of a certain system. To demonstrate the efficacy of our model, we use real data set of inter‐failure times and repair times of a certain system.

Recent advances in design and preparation of micro diamond cutting tools

Abstract Micro diamond tools are indispensable for efficient machining of microstructured surfaces. The precision in tool manufacturing and cutting performance directly determine the processing quality of components. The manufacturing of high-quality micro diamond tools relies on scientific design methods and appropriate processing techniques. However, there is currently a lack of systematic review on the design and manufacturing methods of micro diamond tools in academia. This study systematically summarizes and analyzes modern manufacturing methods for micro diamond tools, as well as the impact of tool waviness, sharpness, and durability on machining quality. Subsequently, a design method is proposed based on the theory of cutting edge strength distribution to enhance tool waviness, sharpness, and durability. Finally, this paper presents current technical challenges faced by micro diamond tools along with potential future solutions to guide scientists in this field. The aim of this review is to contribute to the further development of the current design and manufacturing processes for micro diamond cutting tools.

TRANSFORMATION OF MEDICAL RESEARCH DUE TO AND BEYOND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered various sectors, and the scientific community is no exception. It has reshaped the research landscape across numerous disciplines, profoundly impacting how medical research is conducted, prioritized, and funded. As we move into the post-pandemic world, understanding these transformations is crucial for evaluating shifts in medical research and contemplating their implications for future scientific inquiry. This editorial focuses on the pandemic-driven transformations in medical research, including methodological innovations, changes in research focus, and their implications for future research directions. The need to respond rapidly to a rapidly changing environment has accelerated the adoption of digital technologies and remote research methodologies. During lockdowns and periods of social distancing, the continuation of research increasingly relied on virtual collaboration and online data collection. This shift has highlighted how digital technologies can enhance research efficiency and brought attention to the necessity of robust frameworks to address the challenges associated with virtual interactions and remote data collection.

Environmental drivers affecting the status of top commercial fish stocks in the Baltic Sea: review

IntroductionLike in many parts of the world, the Baltic Sea experiences a multitude of processes and stressors that influence fish stock dynamics. This paper compartmentalizes 250 publications that examine the cumulative effects and trade-offs of some of the most significant environmental drivers (temperature change, hypoxia, nutrient enrichment, acidification, low salinity, and food-web dynamics) on the ecology of top commercial fish species in the Baltic Sea (cod, sprat, whiting, herring, flounder, and plaice).MethodsA systematic review method was applied to ensure rigorous coverage of existing literature and to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the current knowledge on the subject.ResultsThe results illustrate the extent of scientific research applicable to commercial fisheries knowledge in the Baltic Sea and identify which pressures have the greatest negative impacts on which stocks. Additionally, the findings demonstrate how well top commercial fish species have adapted to the changing environmental conditions of the Baltic Sea. In doing so, the review illustrates the upcoming challenges and underscores which stocks are likely to dominate in the future and which will face difficulties.DiscussionBy considering ecosystem-based fisheries management, this paper emphasizes the need to account for complex ecosystem interactions beyond single-stock monitoring. With increased natural hazards, top commercial fish species have reacted differently, depending on the region and their adaptive capabilities. In most cases, Clupeidae species have adapted the best to their new surroundings, Pleuronectidae resilience is varied, while Gadidae species are finding the Baltic Sea increasingly challenging.