Department Of Scientific Research Articles

Розвиток науки в Черкаському національному університеті імені Богдана Хмельницького (1990-ті – початок 2000-х рр.)

Розвиток науки в Черкаському національному університеті імені Богдана Хмельницького (1990-ті – початок 2000-х рр.)

Red yeast Rhodotorula benthica – substitute feed base for echinoderms in factory cultivation

Now decrease press of the fishery on natural populations of hydrobionts and restoration of their number due to artificial reproduction is actual. At artificial cultivation important properly to choose the right feed. To develop the feeding technology, work was carried out with larvae and juveniles of sea cucumber and gray sea urchin in the conditions of the mini-plant of the Scientific and Production Department of Mariculture of the Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University located in Severnaya Bay (Slavyansky Gulf, the Sea of Japan) and Troitsa Bay (Vladimir Gulf, the Sea of Japan). Experimental studies have shown the possibility of using the sea yeast Rhodotorula benthica as either the main feed or as a feed additive. Practical recommendations have been developed for the use of Rhodotorula benthica yeast as a substitute feed base for growing larvae and juveniles of Japanese sea cucumber and gray sea urchin. The results of the work will serve as a basis for the development of biotechnology for feeding at echinoderm breeding farms and will be useful to the organizations, whose duties include rational and competent progress of marine economic territories.

FEN BİLGİSİ VE SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ MİKROSKOP KAVRAMINA YÖNELİK METAFORİK ALGILARI

Bu çalışmada fen bilgisi ve sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının “mikroskop” kavramına yönelik zihinsel imgelerinin metafor yolu ile ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Fen Bilgisi ve Sınıf Öğretmenliği Anabilim Dalında öğrenim gören toplam 201 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma desenlerinden araştırmanın doğasına uygun olan “olgubilim (görüngübilim, fenomenolojik) deseni” kullanılmıştır. Fen Bilgisi ve Sınıf öğretmen adaylarının “Mikroskop” kavramına yönelik algılarını belirlemek amacıyla, öğretmen adaylarına “Mikroskop ….… benzer/gibidir; çünkü ….…” ifadesinin yer aldığı yarı yapılandırılmış form dağıtılarak yalnızca bir metafor üzerinde yoğunlaşarak düşüncelerini aktarmaları istenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen veriler içerik analizine uygun olarak çözümlenmiştir. Analiz sırasında hiç metafor üretilmemiş cevaplar ya da birden fazla üretilen metaforlar ile gerekçeleri ile uyumlu olmayan metaforlar (toplam 38 adet) çalışmanın dışında tutulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda geçerli sayılan 175 adet metafor ise; “yapısı benzeyen”, “görünmeyeni keşfettiren”, “bilgiye eriştiren”, “gördüğünü detaylandıran”, “sırlara yolculuğa çıkartan” ve “eğlendirerek öğreten” olmak üzere 6 kavramsal kategori altında toplanmıştır. Kategoriler çalışmacılar tarafından oluşturulmuş olup iki alan uzmanı görüşüne sunulmuş ve birbiri ile uyumlu olmayan görüşler belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada araştırmanın güvenirliği Miles ve Huberman’ın (1994) güvenirlik formülüne göre %93.71 olarak hesaplanmıştır Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Strategic management of pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary children’s hospital in southwest China during the COVID-19 pandemic

Since early December 2019, patients with unknown pneumonia have been found in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pathogen in these cases was quickly identified as a new type of coronavirus. The World Health Organization named it 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), and the disease caused by the pathogen was called 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), which was characterized by higher pathogenicity, transmission of human to human. So it has rapidly spread to more than 190 countries all over the world. With the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, preventing the spread of COVID-19 is the primary problem. Despite fewer children than adults have been affected by the COVID-19, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), as a ward for critically ill patients, is also confronted with high risk of 2019-nCoV infection. It is necessary for PICU managers to thoroughly carry out scientific and effective department management and carefully execute of infection control measures to prevent the transmission. According to recommendations for the COVID-19 prevention and control, the relevant guidelines and the authors’ work experience, this paper proposes and optimizes the strategic plan for the management of COVID-19 outbreak in PICU, and emphasizes that department managers should conduct comprehensive risk assessments, manage the pediatric patients and healthcare workers meticulously, strengthen the implementation of infection control measures, and use risk management and process control to effectively manage the department as well as to protect the safety of both the patients and the staff.

The influence of meteorological factors on phytochemical composition of Artemisia pontica L.

In order to increase the diversity of medicinal plants and biologically active compounds accumulated in them, considerable attention is given to introduction of Artemisia L. genus plants in Lithuania. The aim of our study was to determinate the qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oils of Artemisia pontica L. introduced in Lithuania. The object of investigation – Artemisiae pontici herba were prepared in the Scientific Sector of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Scientific Department of Botanical Garden at Vytautas Magnus University in 2018–2019. Essential oils were separated by hydrodistillation method, their composition was analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry methods in the Faculty of Pharmacy at Lithuanian University of Health Sciences in 2018–2020. The obtained results showed that a statistically significant (p > 0.05) higher amount and diversity of compounds from Artemisiae pontici herba essential oils were assessed in 2018 when HTC = 1.32. A strong correlation (r = 0.740) was assessed between the average of active temperatures and precipitation in 2019. The content of compounds was by 33.3% lower when HTC = 0.91. The other major compounds were 1,8-cineole (46.86%), 1,4-cineole (37.92%) and camphor (29.41–33.02%).

R&D tax credit and innovation: Evidence from private firms in india

Using firm-level data from 2001 to 2016, this paper evaluates the impact of India’s R&D tax credit scheme and its 2010-11 reform on the innovation activity of the country’s private firms. Registration with the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) is a requirement for the R&D tax credit eligibility. Not all firms have registered with the DSIR by 2016 and those that did, vary by year of registration. In a difference-in-difference setting, we evaluate the change in innovation activity after the reform in DSIR-registered firms relative to non-DSIR-registered firms. We also study the timing of DSIR registration and examine how the changes in firm innovation activity following registration were impacted by the 2010-11 reform. Among firms first registered with the DSIR after the 2010-11 reform, we find a sharp increase in firm R&D expenditures, R&D intensity, and the number of patent applications filed at the Indian Patent Office following registration. The reform has also spurred innovation in firms registered with the DSIR in or before 2001. The results are not driven by unobserved cross-firm heterogeneity or firm-specific time trends.

Scientific Seminar “Popular Protests in Medieval Western Europe” in Dostoevsky Omsk State University

Vincent Challet, associate professor of Paul Valery University Montpellier 3, have visited Dostoevsky Omsk State University with scientific seminar “Popular Protests in medieval Western Europe” on November 29, 2019. The event was placed on base of Historical Department with Scientific and Technical Department’s support. The article is devoted results of this event in Dostoevsky Omsk State University.

اتجاهات الطلبة وأعضاء هيئة التدريس بالمعهد العالي للأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنکر نحو تدريس مقررات العلوم الشرعية باستخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلکتروني Blackboard بلاک بورد

هدفت الدراسة إلى استقصاء اتجاهات الطلبة وأعضاء هيئة التدريس بالمعهد العالي للأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنکر نحو تدريس مقررات العلوم الشرعية باستخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلکتروني Blackboard بلاک بورد، والکشف عن الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية وفقا لبعض المتغيرات، ولتحقيق ذلک اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وقد تکونت عينة البحث من (155) طالبا وطالبة، و (27) عضو هيئة تدريس، وقد تم تصميم مقياسين لقياس الاتجاهات، أحدهما موجه للطلبة اشتمل على (23) فقرة، والآخر موجه لأعضاء هيئة التدريس اشتمل على (25) فقرة. وقد أظهرت النتائج وجود اتجاهات إيجابية للطلبة وأعضاء هيئة التدريس في المعهد العالي للأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنکر نحو تدريس مقررات العلوم الشرعية باستخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلکتروني بلاک بورد، وذلک بمتوسط حسابي مقداره (3.59) لاتجاهات الطلبة، ومتوسط حسابي مقداره (3.45) لاتجاهات أعضاء هيئة التدريس. کذلک کشفت عن عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى دلالة (0.05 ≥α) بين استجابات الطلبة نحو تدريس مقررات العلوم الشرعية باستخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلکتروني بلاک بورد تعزى لمتغيرات (النوع – البرنامج الدراسي)، بينما توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لمتغير (القسم العلمي) لصالح طلبة قسم الدورات التدريبية. أيضا کشفت عن عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى دلالة (0.05 ≥α) بين استجابات أعضاء هيئة التدريس نحو تدريس مقررات العلوم الشرعية باستخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلکتروني بلاک بورد تعزى لمتغيرات (الدرجة العلمية – الخبرة – القسم العلمي). الکلمات المفتاحية: المعهد العالي للأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنکر، العلوم الشرعية، التعلم الإلکتروني، بلاک بورد. Abstract The study aimed at investigating the trends of students and faculty at the Higher Institute for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice towards teaching Islamic science courses using the Blackboard Blackboard e-learning management system, and to detect differences of statistical significance according to some variables, and to achieve this follow the descriptive descriptive approach, The research sample consisted of (155) students and 27 faculty members, and two measures of direction were designed, one directed at students with 23 paragraphs, and the other for faculty members with 25 paragraphs. The results showed positive trends for students and faculty at the Higher Institute for The Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice towards teaching Islamic science courses using the Blackboard e-learning management system, with a mathematical average of (3.59) for student trends and a mathematical average of (3.45) for faculty trends. It also revealed that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05 ≥ α) between students' responses to the teaching of Islamic science courses using the Blackboard e-learning management system due to variables (type - course), while there are differences of statistical significance attributable to the variable (scientific section) for the students of the course section. It also revealed that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05 ≥ α) between faculty responses to the teaching of forensic science courses using the Blackboard e-learning management system attributable to variables (degree, experience, scientific department). Keywords: Higher Institute for The Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, Islamic Sciences, E-Learning, Blackboard.

Вадим Топачевський — видатний зоолог та організатор науки (з нагоди 90-річчя від дня народження)

The life of Vadym Oleksandrovych Topachevsky and his contribution to the development of science is considered. V. O. Topachevsky was the most famous palaeomammalogist of Eastern Europe, long-term head of the palaeontological department of the now National Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, director of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the Ukrainian SSR, founder and editor-in-chief of a number of important Ukrainian zoological publications, and academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Vadym Oleksandrovych was at the origins of systematic palaeontological expeditions to key sites of the Quaternary period, participated in the development of serial collections of small mammals and of the research techniques of faunal complexes based on the analysis of samples characterising the micromammal fauna of a particular section. Research by V. O. Topachevsky is devoted to such fundamental branches of zoology as taxonomy, phylogenetics, historical faunistics, evolutionary morphology, and zoogeography. The scientist paid much attention to biostratigraphy and palaeogeography. He solved complex issues of taxonomy and parataxonomy in relation to extinct and modern representatives of fauna, justified the establishing of a number of new to science taxa of extinct mammals. Among the outstanding achievements of Vadym Topachevsky of great importance is the creation of a comprehensive association scheme of development of communities, which explains the changes in the fauna of small mammals of the late Pliocene, Eopleistocene and Pleistocene of the Northern Black Sea Region, as well as the development and justification of the biozonal stratigraphic scheme of the late Miocene and Pliocene of the Eastern Paratethys. He is the author of 8 monographs and supervisor of 11 candidate and 2 doctoral dissertations. Vadym Oleksandrovych formed a powerful scientific department and prepared a worthy scientific change, the works of which are well known to specialists. His achievements were awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor, the titles of Academician of the NAS of Ukraine, Honoured Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, and he won the I. I. Schmalhausen Prize of the NAS of Ukraine. The palaeontological exhibition of the National Museum of Natural History NAS of Ukraine was named after the scientist in 2005. The list of Vadym Topachevsky’s main scientific works is given as well.

Diagnóstico, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem ao idoso frágil, acometido por COVID-19: uma análise documental

Objetivou-se elencar os principais diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem ao idoso frágil em Instituição de Longa Permanência e aos idosos em domicílio acometidos pelo novo coronavírus (COVID-19). Trata-se de estudo do tipo revisão documental, com abordagem qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e exploratório desenvolvido com base nos documentos oficiais publicados pelo Ministério da Saúde e nos documentos elaborados e publicados pela Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem por meio do Departamento Científico de Enfermagem Gerontológica, na Rede de Pesquisa em Processos de Enfermagem (RePPE). A coleta se deu no mês de junho de 2020 que visou responder a seguinte questão norteadora: Quais são os diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem ao idoso frágil, acometido por COVID-19 no âmbito domiciliar e institucionalizado? Foram identificados 11 diagnósticos de enfermagem e respectivos resultados e intervenções ao idoso frágil em Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos e também 11 para idosos em domicílio. Evidencia-se a importância da utilização da taxonomia para sistematizar a assistência dos enfermeiros, principalmente a considerar este grupo vulnerável, visando a facilitar a elaboração de estratégias e às prescrições de enfermagem que poderão subsidiar os cuidados de enfermagem a esses idosos.

Olena Pavlivna Baburkina

May 11, 2020 marked the 60th anniversary of the birth of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Scientific and Medical Information of the State Institution «Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» to Baburkina Olena Pavlivna.

Determinants of patent survival in emerging economies: Evidence from residential patents in India

Over the period of time, patent filing in India has gone up significantly. However, no enough evidence is found in the literature about the quality or value of patented invention in the Indian context. To assess this question, we examine the patent renewal length (survival of patent) as a proxy of patent value for five different technology classes. This study uses the renewal information of firm‐level patents applied during January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2005, which were eventually granted. The data provided by Indian Patent Office consists of 2,025 resident patents assigned to 266 firms (foreign subsidiary firms and domestic firms). The survival analysis is carried out via Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazard regression. The outcomes of this study suggest that the survival length of patents significantly depends on their technological scope and inventor size. Moreover, the patents of the firms taking tax credit benefits exhibit lower survival rates as compared with patents of remaining firms. The study also finds that the patents filed by foreign firms with Department of Scientific and Industrial Research affiliation survive longer. Among different technological categories, electrical and mechanical patents are found to be more valuable compared with instrument patents.

PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIBERIAN REGION IN THE ARTICLES OF D. A. KLEMENETS IN THE NEWSPAPER «EASTERN REVIEW»

The article discusses the activities of D. A. Klements - a representative of the revolutionary populism of the 1870s. - as a publicist during his stay in Siberian exile. In the early 1890s he collaborated with the newspaper «Eastern Review», published in Irkutsk. As the head of the East Siberian Division of the Russian Geographical Society, Dmitry Alexandrovich led the scientific department of the newspaper. His articles, feuilletons, book reviews are devoted to the most diverse problems of Siberian life. These are peasant, resettlement issues, the development of mining and gold industry, situation of workers in Siberia, problems of education, health care, the foreign issue, the situation on the Russian-Chinese border, judicial reform in Siberia. While on expeditions, Klements sent travel notes and essays containing information on nature, customs, economy, and culture of the countries bordering Siberia to the «Eastern Review». All the problems he raised were urgent, topical. The articles by D. A. Klemenets reflected his views in the framework of the ideology of revolutionary populism and to some extent contributed to the enlightenment of the education of the Siberian region.

Management of acute stroke and urgent neurointerventional procedures during COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations on the Scientific Department on Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Brazilian Society of Neuroradiology.

Although the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) pandemic poses new challenges to the healthcare system to provide support for thousands of patients, there is special concern about common medical emergencies, such as stroke, that will continue to occur and will require adequate treatment. The allocation of both material and human resources to fight the pandemic cannot overshadow the care for acute stroke, a time-sensitive emergency that with an inefficient treatment will further increase mortality and long-term disability. This paper summarizes the recommendations from the Scientific Department on Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, the Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases and the Brazilian Society of Neuroradiology for management of acute stroke and urgent neuro-interventional procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic, including proper use of screening tools, personal protective equipment (for patients and health professionals), and patient allocation.

الحوار الأسري وعلاقته بأساليب التفکير لدى عينة من طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة والثانوية بجدة

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين الحوار الأسري وأساليب التفکير لدى عينة من طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة والثانوية بجدة . وللتحقق من الهدف اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي , وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (271) طالبة من طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة والثانوية استعانت الباحثة باستبيان الحوار الأسري و طبقت الباحثة مقياس أساليب التفکير , وأوضحت الدراسة النتائج التالية :توجد علاقة بين أبعاد الحوار الأسري وبين أساليب التفکير , کما وتوجد فروق داله بين متوسطي درجات طالبات القسم العملي والأدبي في أحد أبعاد الحوار الأسري في سلوک الأب نحو الحوار الأسري لصالح طالبات العلمي وتوجد فروق دالة بين متوسطي درجات المجموعات للأبعاد والدرجة الکلية لمقياس الحوار الأسري تبعا لمستوى تعليم الوالدين للآباء الحاصلين على درجة الدراسات العليا .وتوجد فروق دالة إحصائيا في درجات أبعاد الحوار الأسري في سلوک الاب نحو الحوار الاسري وفي الدرجة الکلية للمقياس تبعا لطالبات الصف الثالث المتوسط ,توجد فروق دالة بين متوسطي درجات المجموعات تبعا لمستوى تعليم الوالدين للآباء الحاصلين على مستوى تعليمي متوسط .لا توجد فروق داله بين متوسطي درجات طالبات المرحلة الثانوية والمتوسطة في أبعاد الحوار الأسري .وتوجد فروق بين متوسطي درجات مقياس الحوار الأسري لطالبات القسم العلمي والأدبي لصالح طالبات القسم العلمي وتوجد فروق دالة إحصائيا في درجات مقياس اساليب التفکير لصالح طالبات الصف الثالث . في ضوء ما أسفرت عنه نتائج هذه الدراسة توصي الباحثة بما يلي: عقد دورات وورش لتوعية الآباء والأمهات من قبل المرشدين والمرشدات للتوعية بأهمية وکيفية الحوار الأسري الإيجابي ، وبناء برامج إرشادية تستهدف جميع أفراد الأسرة ترتکز على أساليب التفکير المختلفة وتنمي لديهم مهارات الحوار الأسري . الکلمات المفتاحية: الحوار، الأسري، أساليب التفکير، طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة والثانوية بجدة . Abstract This study aimed to identify the relation between the family dialogue and the thinking styles of the female students of intermediate and secondary stages in Jeddah. The researcher used the descriptive approach . the study community consists of (271) female student of the intermediate and secondary stages, the researcher has used the questioner used the thinking methods measurement The study concluded a set of results , the most important one of them are : There is a relation between the family dialogue and thinking styles, there are differences between the average degrees of literary and scientific departments students regarding the family dialogue for the favor of scientific students , there are differences between the degrees of groups regarding dimensions and the total degree of the family dialogue scale according to the educational level of parents for the favor of who obtained graduate studies. There are statistical differences for the degrees of family dialogue dimensions and total degree of the scale for third intermediate class students . there are statistical differences between the average degrees of groups according to the educational level of their parents with Intermediate Level. There are no statistical differences between the average degrees of female students at the intermediate and secondary stages regarding the family dialogue . there are differences between the average degrees of family dialogue scale for literary and scientific students for the favor of scientific department students and there are statistical differences for the degrees of thinking style scale for the favor of third class students. In view of the aims and conclusions / the researcher has recommended the following Holds training courses and workshops to educate parents about the importance of family dialogue. Plans Extension Programs aimed all family members focusing on the different thinking styles and to develop their family dialogue skills

National medical research center of rehabilitation and balneology in the development and development of the national school of physical therapy

The article tells about the history of the department of physical therapy and clinical biomechanics of the leading domestic center, traditionally dealing with medical rehabilitation and spa treatment. It is difficult to overestimate the significant contribution of employees of this scientific and clinical department to the formation and development of the national school of physical therapy. The traditions laid down by our predecessors continue to this day.

HIGHER SCHOOL IN THE PERIOD OF GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ON THE EXAMPLE OF IVANOVO AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE)

The Great Patriotic War left a deep mark in the history of our country. The higher school, in particular, Ivanovo agricultural Institute, did not become an exception. This article considers the main milestones in the institute’s life in the period of the war, shows the directions of its scientific activity, provides statistical data on the number of students, graduates and teachers of the Institute who worked and studied in it. The study showed that the university not only retained its enrolment, but also managed to increase it by opening a new veterinary faculty. Despite the difficult conditions of wartime, research activities of Ivanovo agricultural Institute have increased markedly, and the connection of university science with industry has become even closer. The war certainly affected the educational process as well. Some buildings were transferred to hospitals. Classes were held in two shifts. The period of study was reduced to three years. However, such difficulties did not affect the quality of graduates’ training and their importance for the country. The staff and students of Ivanovo agricultural Institute took an active part in the labor front, bringing the Victory closer by their activities. A special part of the article is devoted to biographical notes about frontline teachers, who fought bravely at the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. This is S.K. Voita - Director of Ivanovo agricultural Institute in 1939-1941, N.I. Belonosov - Rector of Ivanovo agricultural Institute in 1961-1974, V.K. Baluyev - Vice-Rector of the Scientific Department, Dean of the zootechnical faculty, I.P. Skurikhin - Vice-Rector on Educational and Scientific Work, Dean of the agronomy faculty and other teachers of the institute.

Research of oil shale in the Komi ASSR during the Great Patriotic War: experience of the Professor D. N. Kursanov

The subject of this research is the historical role of Russian scientific community in studying the Arctic and Subarctic territories during the years of Great Patriotic War. The key goal consists in demonstrating the contribution of scholars to accumulation of scientific knowledge on the northern region in the context of solution of the priority government objective and establishment of scientific organizations on the European North of Russia in first half of the XX century. The main tasks of this research lie in reconstruction of the process of creation and activity of oil shale laboratory of the Base of Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union on studying the North under the authority of Professor D. N. Kursanov, who dealt with the questions of utilization of solid fossil fuels of the Komi ASSR. This topic did not receive due coverage within the scientific literature. For solution of the set tasks, the author attracted the unpublished archival materials from the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Archive of the Federal Research Center “Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” and National Archive of the Komi Republic; writings of the staff members of the indicated laboratory published based on the research results in 1940s, as well modern researchers of the depths of Russian North. The article explores the history of establishment of scientific department, development of scientific programs and plans, organization of interaction of academic community with the government and economic branches of the Komi ASSR. The main conclusions consists in the proof that the scientific-organizational activity of D. N. Kursanov led to conducting strategic research of defense designation on the problems of studying oil shale of the mineral deposit on Ayyva River, utilization of oil shale for motor fuel generation, and elaboration of new chemical products for defense industry. It is underlined that the high level of explorations and pilot surveys carried out by national scholars in these directions contributed to the development of new shale-chemical industrial sector of the country in the later years.

Application research and prospect of magnetic surgery techniques in trauma

<p indent=0mm>With the rapid development of magnetic force and magnetic materials and their application in the medicine, a novel field of magnetic surgery has been created. Magnetic surgery uses magnetic technology for surgical treatment, including magnetic anastomosis technology, magnetic anchoring technology, magnetic navigation technology, magnetic tracer technology, magnetic levitation technology and other branches. Research on magnetic surgery has lasted for more than <sc>40 years,</sc> and its development process has been divided into three stages: The experimental demonstration stage, the free exploration stage, and the department construction stage. In 2018, Professor Yi Lü discussed the development of magnetic surgery with foreign experts from worldwide, including the United States, South Korea and Czech Republic, and they signed the “International Development of Magnetic Surgery-Xi’an Consensus”. This is a milestone in the development of international magnetic surgery. It has established China’s role as a leader in the field of international magnetic surgery. Magnetic surgery has begun to enter a scientific, standardized, in-depth and comprehensive department construction stage. Trauma refers to the damage to the structural integrity of the body caused by the mechanical force transmitted to the human body. Incidence of trauma is increasing worldwide, with mortality accounting for about 7% of the diseases. High-tech local wars will lead to more complicated traumatic wounds and more difficult treatments. Magnetic surgery technology has shown great advantages in the field of wound treatment. This article elaborates on the principles and advantages of magnetic compression anastomosis, reviews the research status, advantages and disadvantages of magnetic and magnetic materials in the field of trauma treatment such as digestive tract reconstruction, post-traumatic compression hemostasis, rapid reconstruction of blood vessels, and fracture internal fixation, and their application prospects. The advantages of MCA include: (1) The device works safely in a wide range of ages and even in high-risk patients. (2) Patients can be safely discharged from the hospital with the device in place. (3) Nonmagnetic instruments improve the surgeon’s ability to handle the magnets. (4) A mechanism to create immediate patency between the mated magnets would simplify and shorten the procedure. The magnamosis device’s method of slow tissue remodeling without leaving foreign bodies creates a well-formed anastomosis, which may decrease the incidence of anastomotic leaks. Moreover, the simplicity of merely “sticking” the two segments of intestine together can save significant operative time. However, open surgery is not the best way to showcase the merits of magnamosis. In the future, we plan to focus on laparoscopic delivery of the magnamosis device, which currently can be deployed using laparoscopic, endoscopic, radiographic, or hybrid techniques. Moreover, it is scalable, and can be sized and adapted to a variety of intra-luminal anastomoses, including intestinal, urologic, and biliary applications, with wide-reaching implications for the future of surgery.

Historical milestones of organizing and methodical activity of sytenko institute of spine and joint pathology national academy of medical sciences of ukraine (to the 90th anniversary of scientific and organizational department foundation)

Історія інституту імені професора М. І. Си-тенка почалася у 1907 р., коли за рішеннямХХХІ з’їзду гірничопромисловців Півдня Росіїбув створений Медико-механічний інститут, ди-ректором якого призначили Карла ФедоровичаВегнера (рис. 1). Основним завданням закладу натой час було надання кваліфікованої експертноїта медичної допомоги робітникам гірничорудноїпромисловості з наслідками виробничих травм.Активна організаційно-методична діяльністьінституту розпочалася у 1925 р. після його ре-організації в Український державний клінічнийінститут ортопедії і травматології. Зважаючи нате, що Харків на той час був столицею України,на інститут були покладені функції центральноїортопедо-травматологічної установи, відпові-дальної за організацію якісної й ефективної спе-ціалізованої ортопедо-травматологічної допомогинаселенню України, надання висококваліфікова-ної консультативної, практичної лікувальної таметодичної допомоги органам охорони здоров’я.