Science In Taiwan Research Articles

Research and Development Alliance for Competitiveness and Product Value Enhancement in the Hand Tools and Aids Industry

Through ongoing research and development (R&D), there has been great progress, including the development and improvement of medicine, health practices and nutrition that can extend lives. With the ageing population, it is important that the elderly require the help and assistance they may need to carry out their daily lives and have the best quality of life possible. Taiwan is an example of a country where the ageing population continues to grow, to the extent that Taiwan is an Aged Society. Distinguished Professor Dengchuan Cai is Director of the R&D Centre of Product Innovation and Assistive Technology, which is based within the Department of Industrial Design at the National Yunlin University of Science and Technology in Taiwan. He is passionate about R&D and its crucial role is pushing forward scientific enquiry. He and his team are working to develop tools and devices that can benefit the lives of the elderly. Cai is harnessing his background in human factors engineering and industrial design to apply knowledge in skills in functionality, useability and appearance to advance his investigations and wider R&D. One of many foci for the Centre is competitiveness and product value enhancement in the hand tools and aids industry, which is particularly beneficial for the elderly. A key invention for the Centre has been pillows with different heights for when a person is lying on their front or lying on their side to help maintain the natural posture of the spine when sleeping and thereby improve sleep quality. Another key technology is a dementia prevention bicycle built on the concept of reverse pedalling.

Animation and Manga on Improvement in Students’ Problem-Solving Capabilities: Comparison of Two Psychometric Models

To improve the problem-solving capabilities of students, this study explored using interactive digital teaching materials based on animation and manga. A classroom teaching system was developed based on teaching material using a manga format. Students from a national university and a science and technology university in southern Taiwan were recruited. A questionnaire survey was administered for data collection. A total of 104 valid samples were collected; the data were analysed using SPSS 17.0. Two statistically significant models could be used to predict learning outcomes, and the highest R2 value was 52.5%. The utilisation of interactive multimedia teaching materials based on animation and manga helped students apply knowledge to solve practical problems, cultivating their problem-solving capabilities. The findings differed from previous studies; models developed in this study could be used to determine the effects and relationships of multiple factors.

Research on Improving the English Listening and Speaking Ability Development of College Students Wearing Masks During the Pandemic

This study investigated the impact of wearing masks on students’ English listening and speaking performance in a classroom setting. The study was conducted with 30 first-year students of a practical English course at a southern Taiwan science and technology college. The class was designed using social-cognitive tools and profession-related podcasts to reduce interference from wearing masks. The study tested the impact of wearing a medical mask and a transparent mouth mask on students’ motivation, anxiety, and clarity of message communication. Students believed wearing a medical mask and a transparent mouth mask had a stronger motivation to learn, but their classroom anxiety was insignificant. The course used selective podcasts and online voice recording exercises to make students respond more positively. Students were more capable of changing the negative external factors of mask-wearing for their precision English communication. However, students generally did not agree that the use of transparent mouth masks affects the clarity of English communication. Based on this study, the practical English course design and teaching experiences for students’ learning needs in mask-wearing circumstances of English teaching environment can further benefit future research

Advancing freshman skills in information literacy and self-regulation: The role of AI learning companions and Mandala Chart in academic libraries

The proactive utilization of generative AI to assist college students' learning is an emerging trend in educational innovation. This study introduces a system that integrates Learning Companion Systems with Mandala Chart Scaffolding, aimed at freshman projects, to investigate its impact on enhancing freshmen's self-efficacy in information literacy and their perception of self-regulated learning when utilizing virtual librarian services. The Mandala Chart Scaffolding, a strategic tool designed to structure and visualize information, complements the Learning Companion System by providing a coherent framework for students to organize and reflect on their learning resources and activities. Implemented in a Creative Thinking course at a National University of Science and Technology in central Taiwan, the study randomly assigned 110 freshmen to Experimental Group A (using both System), Experimental Group B (only the Learning Companion System), and a control group. The findings revealed that the experimental groups, particularly Group A, significantly outperformed the control group in boosting information literacy self-efficacy. Moreover, the intervention positively influenced the students' perception of self-regulated learning. These results offer valuable insights for academic libraries on the potential of integrating generative AI-based Learning Companion Systems with Mandala Chart Scaffolding to enhance freshman learning experiences and foster effective use of library resources.

Effectiveness of Using a Self-Directed Learning Program to Teach Physical Examination and Health Assessment Skills: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Conducting health assessments and physical examinations are essential skills for independent practice. Exploring how to teach these skills effectively is essential. This study was designed to validate the effectiveness of a self-directed learning program in improving nursing student outcomes in terms of their learning health assessment and physical examination skills. A quasi-experimental design was used, and second-year nursing students enrolled in a health assessment and physical examination course at a university of science and technology in central Taiwan were recruited using purposive sampling. Both the control and experimental groups were taught using a traditional teaching method. The experimental group additionally participated in a self-directed learning program. Structured questionnaires, including the Chinese version of the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale, Scales of Motivation and Learning Strategies, Interpersonal Skills Assessment Tool, the Course Satisfaction Evaluation Scale, and the Perception of Health Assessment and Physical Examination Competence Scale, were used to collect data at three time points. After controlling for the effects of pretest scores, after the intervention, the experimental group achieved significantly higher scores than the control group for self-directed learning (creative learning and love of learning), learning motivation (goal orientation, work value, expected success, and test anxiety), and cognitive strategies (total score, elaboration strategy, recitation strategy, and monitoring strategy). In addition, the health assessment exercise improved interpersonal and communication skills, and learning satisfaction was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. A physical examination and health assessment course designed using the self-directed learning framework can effectively improve student competence in related skills to enhance their ability to assess patient health problems in clinical settings. This study presents an alternative approach to teaching health assessment and physical examination courses and validates the positive effect of this approach on student learning outcomes.

Trajectory of change in perceived stress, coping strategies and clinical competence among undergraduate nursing students during clinical practicum: a longitudinal cohort study

BackgroundClinical practicum is crucial for strengthening nursing students' clinical competence. However, nursing students often experience considerable stress during clinical practicum, and so they employ coping strategies to alleviate it. There is almost no empirical evidence on the change trajectory of perceived stress, coping strategies, and clinical competence among nursing students during a one-year clinical practicum. This study aimed to investigate the trajectory of change in perceived stress, coping strategies, and clinical competence among undergraduate nursing students during a one-year clinical practicum.MethodsThis study used a longitudinal cohort design. Undergraduate nursing students were recruited from a science and technology university in Taiwan to participate from February 2021 to January 2022. Perceived stress, coping strategies, and clinical competence among students in basic training practicum (T1), advanced training practicum (T2), and comprehensive clinical nursing practicum (T3) were surveyed by using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Coping Behaviour Inventory (CBI), and Clinical Competence Scale (CCS). PSS, CBI, and CCS in T1, T2, and T3 were compared using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) to deal with correlated data. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05.ResultsA total of 315 undergraduate nursing students completed the questionnaire. The study results show that the overall perceived stress of the students is the highest in T2 and the lowest in T3. The main source of stress of the students is 'taking care of patients' at T1 and 'lack of professional knowledge and skills' at T2 and T3. Students' perceived stress in 'taking care of patients' gradually decreases over time. The four coping strategies of CBI, which are 'stay optimistic', 'problem-solving', 'transference' and 'avoidance' in this order, remain the same ranking in three surveys.The main stress coping strategy used by students is 'stay optimistic', while the coping strategy 'avoidance' is used more frequently in T2 than in T1 and T3. Students' mean scores of the overall clinical competence and in the 'general nursing' and 'management' subscales in T3 are higher than those in T1 and T2. However, their mean scores in 'self-growth' and 'positivity' subscales are the highest in T1 and the lowest in T2.ConclusionsThe results show that through experiential learning in clinical practicum at different stages time after time, students' overall perceived stress is the lowest and their overall clinical competence is the highest in T3. The main coping strategy used when students managed stress is 'stay optimistic'. According to the results, we suggest that clinical educators provide students with appropriate guidance strategies at different stages of stress and continue to follow up the clinical competence and retention rates of these nursing students in the workplace in the future.

Exploring the effects of robot-assisted multimodal composition on students’ audience awareness for English writing

Previous studies have focused on the effects of employing robot-assisted multimodal composition to facilitate learners’ development of audience awareness; however, how the process promotes such awareness is under-explored. In this study, therefore, how a robot-assisted multimodal composition approach might facilitate EFL students’ audience awareness for English writing was investigated. A total of 53 advanced EFL learners at a university of science and technology in Taiwan were engaged in creating multimodal presentations using social robots with the capacity to provide authentic meaning-making environments for students to flexibly design and produce video presentations drawing on various semiotic modes for different purposes and audiences. The data included participants’ pre- and post-intervention English essays, recorded interviews, concept maps, planning worksheets, final video presentations, and reflective surveys. The pre- and post-intervention English essays were analyzed employing a paired-sampled t test, and a multimodal analysis was applied to the other data. The findings revealed that the students’ audience awareness in their English writing improved as they progressed through the robot-assisted processes of identifying their target audiences’ needs and expectations, establishing logical connections with them, designing interactive features with multimodal materials to stimulate audience responses, and constructing effective communication flows so as to create a presentation to be published on YouTube. These processes contributed to the students’ increased sensitivity towards their audiences. Pedagogical and further research implications are discussed.

Teaching lexical collocations to enhance speaking proficiency of college English majors in Taiwan

Abstract The present study explores lexical collocations and their relation to speaking proficiency of Taiwanese EFL college students learning English for academic purposes (i.e., EAP). The data is obtained from 92 English majors at a national university of science and technology in southern Taiwan. The results show that (a) direct collocation instruction promotes the subjects’ performance on their speaking fluency tests, outscoring the other two instruction types; (b) the advanced level students seem to benefit most as they outperformed the other three groups after receiving each of the three instruction types (i.e., lexical collocations, single-item vocabulary, and no instruction); and (c) no significant difference can be found between the high-intermediate and intermediate groups with regard to their post-instruction performances. Therefore, the current study concludes that direct collocation instruction deserves immediate attention and calls for a series of systematic studies to be done on the possible connection between lexical collocations and English proficiency of EFL learners.

Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Studies on Student Support Systems in Open and Distance Learning

The aim of this research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of educational studies utilising Student Support Systems (SSS) in Open and Distance Learning, as indexed and scanned in the Web of Science (WoS) database under SCI-Expanded, SSCI, and A&HCI. The study employs descriptive and bibliometric analysis methods including journal articles exported as a .txt file from the WoS database. The data (6.366 open-access articles between 2013 and 2023) have been mapped using the VOSviewer. The research findings indicate that the majority of educational studies involving SSS in Open and Distance Learning are constituted by articles, with the number of publications beginning to rise from 2017 and the highest number of publications occurring in 2021. The authors receiving the most shared citations in this field have been identified as Dragan Gasevic, Sanna Jarvela, Abelardo Pardo and Jonna Malmberg respectively. The countries producing the most publications related to Student Support Systems in Open and Distance Learning are, in order, the USA, Australia, the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, Spain, Canada, and Turkey. From the perspective of country citation analysis, the USA has received the most citations and the institutions receiving the most citations are the University of Hong Kong in Hong Kong, Monash University in Australia, Beijing Normal University in the People's Republic of China, and the National University of Science and Technology in Taiwan. Finally, the most frequently used keywords in published studies have been found to be, in order, higher education, e-learning, online learning, and learning analytics.

Measuring design thinking competence in Taiwanese nursing students: a cross-cultural instrument adaptation

BackgroundDesign thinking (DT) competence, a creative problem-solving ability, has been investigated extensively among college students in various professional fields within the western cultures. No instrument, however, is available for assessing DT competence in nursing students, particularly, those in non-western cultures.ObjectiveTo adapt and validate the use of Creative Synthesis Inventory (CSI) assessing the four components (i.e., visualization, discovery, prototyping, and evaluation) of DT competence in nursing students in Taiwan.DesignCross-sectional, mixed methodological design combining qualitative and quantitative strategies.ParticipantsA 19-item CSI was administered to a total of 520 nursing students from two campuses of a science and technology university in Taiwan. The data collection was conducted between September 2020 and June 2022.MethodsThe cross-cultural adaptation and validation of CSI-Taiwan was done in two phases: Phase I included content validity check, translation, and cross-cultural adaptation. Phase II involved pilot testing and psychometric evaluation.ResultsA first-order confirmatory factor analysis validated the four-component structure, namely visualization, discovery, prototyping, and evaluation, of an 18-item CSI-Taiwan (model fit indices: χ2/df = 3.953, NNFI = 0.942, CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.947, SRMR = 0.035, and RMSEA = 0.075). A second-order confirmatory factor analysis further indicated that the four components converged on a unitary construct of DT competence (model fit indices: χ2/df = 4.082, NNFI = 0.935, CFI = 0.949, TLI = 0.940, SRMR = 0.040, and RMSEA = 0.080). Moreover, the CSI-Taiwan also demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity. Together these results validated the construct of DT competence and its components as theorized.ConclusionsThe CSI-Taiwan was a reliable and valid self-report instrument to be used by Taiwanese nursing students.

Becoming Silent Mentors: Buddhist Ethics Regarding Cadaver Donations for Science in Taiwan

ABSTRACTSince 1995, thousands of people in Taiwan have pledged each year to donate their cadavers to the medical college run by the Buddhist Tzu Chi (Ciji) Foundation. The “surge of cadavers” seems intriguing in a society where ancestor worship continues to be salient. Drawing on my fieldwork in 2012–2013 and 2015, the purpose of this paper is to describe a series of practices involving the transformation of a cadaver into a Buddhist moral subject: the donor, the family, and the medical school engage in various endeavors and rituals involving “emotional practices” to honor the deceased; situate the donation as a “good death”; and fulfill the family's obligations to ancestor worship. I argue what makes the ritual transformation efficacious is the dominant currency of emotional practices. Emotional practices “authenticate” the ritual transformation. The main ethic for commemorating the cadaver donation is not generosity or dāna but equanimity.

The impact of external resources on the development of an indigenous school in rural areas: Taking a junior high school in Taiwan as an example

The UN SDGs presented a vision for sustainability and the reduction of inequality within a country. The Taiwanese government uses many external resources to develop rural education. This study was conducted in a small public junior high school in a remote indigenous community in central Taiwan. Due to the economic downturn, the population in the indigenous community is outflowing, and the number of students is decreasing. With external resources, such as the Project of Female Science and Technology Talent Development from the Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan and other plans, this study introduces a full-time researcher as a teacher to promote science education in the research school. Implementing the projects improves students' academic performance and encourages students to participate in science competitions and achieve success. This study explores first the impact of the school's implementation of the Ministry of Science and Technology program on the development of the school; second, the results of the development of the school-based curriculum; and finally, it quantifies the statistics of the students' changes in the National High School Entrance Examination results. The impact of external resources on school development is determined by analyzing the performance of the participating students. This study finds that the Ministry of Science and Technology program plays an essential role in the development of the school, providing a key platform for teachers' growth, enriching school funding, developing featured courses, and encouraging students' performance. External resources have significantly improved students' results on the National Examination and facilitated students' motivation to learn science.

The effects of introducing virtual reality communication simulation in students' learning in a fundamentals of nursing practicum: A pragmatic randomized control trials

AimThis study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of a virtual reality communication simulation (VRCS) in teaching communication skills in fundamentals of nursing practicum. BackgroundEffective communication skills are an integral part of the nursing profession and the foundation of high-quality nursing care. Effective communication not only addresses the needs of patients but is also necessary for maintaining patient safety. Many studies have reported the inadequacy of nursing students in communicating with patients. Nursing students often experience stress due to their lack of adequate skills to communicate effectively with patients and their family members. DesignA pragmatic randomized controlled trial research with four within-subjects assessments (at the baseline (T0), 1st week (T1) and 3rd week (T2) of the clinical practice and 1 week after the end of the clinical practice (T3)) and between-subjects assessments. Settings and participantsEighty-four nursing students at a university of Science and Technology in central Taiwan. MethodsThe students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 42) and a control group (n = 42). The experimental group received a VRCS, whereas the control group received the nurse–patient communication teaching video. The data were collected from April 2022 to August 2022. The Kalamazoo Essential Element Communication Checklist, Communication Self-Assessment Scale, Learning Satisfaction Questionnaire and Stress Scale for Nursing Students in Clinical Practice were used for data collection. ResultsAt baseline, the control group had higher scores on communication ability and confidence compared with the experimental group (t = −3.91, p <.001; and t = −2.35, p =.021). In the first week of clinical practice, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for communication ability compared with the control group (β = 15.99, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 13.79, 18.18) and communication confidence and learning satisfaction compared with controls at T1, T2 and T3 of the clinical practice (all, p <.001). The clinical practice stress scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group at T1, T2 and T3 of the clinical practice (all, p <.05). ConclusionsThe newly developed VRCS is acceptable and worthwhile for training nursing students to develop communication abilities. This study suggests that VRCS practice should be arranged as early as possible in fundamentals of nursing practice courses and before the fundamentals of nursing practicum so as to facilitate the learning of effective communication. Follow-up research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of virtual reality education in nursing practice.

The Similarities and Differences between Humanities and Social Sciences in Taiwan’s Initiative to Embrace Educational Digitization: Issues, Delivery, and Tools

This comprehensive study delves into technology integration competencies within humanities and social sciences (H&amp;SS) education, using the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework as its guiding lens. Through a careful analysis of course syllabi from higher education institutions in Taiwan, this research reveals distinctive patterns of emphasis across seven key TPACK knowledge domains. While both humanities and social sciences educators acknowledge the importance of integrating technology into their teaching and subject matter, subtle differences emerge. Humanities instructors tend to prioritize Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), aligning this choice with their primary goal of conveying narratives and preserving cultural heritage. Conversely, their counterparts in social sciences lean more toward highlighting Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), reflecting the importance of understanding social phenomena in their field. This study underscores the pressing need for the development of tailored professional development initiatives and a revamp of pre-service teacher education programs, both of which should prioritize domain-specific TPACK competencies. This study highlights the critical importance of grounding training within authentic design tasks to effectively nurture TPACK. It points toward promising future research avenues, including investigations into the practical translation of TPACK understanding into classroom implementation and subsequent student outcomes. By shedding light on these distinctions, this research provides valuable insights for enhancing digital literacy and delivering technology-enriched learning experiences in the realm of H&amp;SS education.

The Role of Goal Orientations and Communication Strategies in Willingness to Communicate in EMI Classrooms

Background: In English-medium instruction (EMI) classrooms, goal orientations, strategies, and communication play pivotal roles in facilitating effective learning. Achievement goal orientations (AGOs) guide and control learner competence-relevant behavior in academic performance. Communication strategies (CSs) are communication aids for learners to cope with problems or breakdowns while speaking the target language. Strategic competence is an indispensable affective-cognitive factor that promotes learners’ willingness to communicate (WTC) in a target language.&#x0D; Purpose: This study aims to investigate the role of AGOs and CSs in predicting WTC and the effect of English proficiency on AGOs and CSs in EMI classrooms.&#x0D; Methods: An online questionnaire survey regarding the perception of AGOs, CSs, and WTC was conducted with 595 university students taking one EMI course in social science and humanity domains in Taiwan. The items were on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’. Hierarchical multiple regression was adopted to predict WTC in EMI classrooms. One-way between-group MANOVAs were adopted to examine the individual and joint effect of English proficiency on the AGOs and CSs.&#x0D; Results: The hierarchical multiple regression model showed that task goal orientations and social affective strategies strongly and positively predicted the university students’ WTC in the EMI classroom. Performance-avoidance goal orientations and message reduction and alteration strategies were found to negatively predict WTC in EMI settings. Students’ English proficiency neither predicted their WTC nor affected their AGOs in the EMI classroom. High-proficiency students adopted accuracy-oriented, fluency-oriented, and negotiation for meaning while speaking strategies more frequently than low-proficiency students.&#x0D; Conclusion: It is suggested that a supportive and dynamic classroom environment with higher-order learning tasks involving cooperation, reflection, and objective assessment criteria can be incorporated into EMI programs. Besides, instruction in CSs and the use of multimedia teaching aids can facilitate EFL learners’ comprehension of subject-specific materials and encourage them to engage more in EMI classrooms.

Energy Management and Environmental Protection in Industrial Parks: A Comparative Study of Central Taiwan Science Park and Silicon Glen

This manuscript focuses on analyzing the growth dynamics of the Central Taiwan Science Park (CTSP) and Silicon Glen in Scotland with a specific emphasis on their approaches to energy, environmental conservation, and economic management. The objective is to provide insights into their sustainable development strategies. In terms of energy, CTSP addresses Taiwan’s energy security and green transformation challenges, while Silicon Glen concentrates on Scotland’s wind energy generation technologies. Both regions prioritize the advancement of renewable energy sources and smart grid technologies. In the realm of environmental conservation, both CTSP and Silicon Glen prioritize environmental protection and sustainability by implementing rigorous environmental monitoring measures. Regarding economic management, CTSP and Silicon Glen serve as vital technology industry hubs in Taiwan and Scotland, respectively, attracting a multitude of high-tech and startup enterprises. This growth is facilitated through various means, including policy support, access to research resources, and robust infrastructure. This manuscript presents a comparative analysis of these two industrial parks, focusing on their environmental and economic management strategies. It aims to elucidate the principles underpinning the sustainable development and economic growth of industrial parks, offering valuable insights to decision-makers and stakeholders involved in the planning of sustainable industrial parks.

Longitudinal impact of distinct infection trajectories on all-cause mortality of older people in Taiwan: a retrospective, nationwide, population-based study

Infectious diseases are the leading cause of deaths in adults aged 65 years or older. Studies of adverse infection outcomes have been limited to specific infections and acute episodes and have not investigated longitudinal trends of cumulative infections. We aimed to identify distinct trajectories of longitudinal infection episodes in older adults and to assess their corresponding risk of all-cause mortality. In this retrospective cohort study, we included people aged 65 years or older who were admitted to hospital between Jan 1 and Dec 31, 2011, with one of the following infections: urinary tract, pneumonia, sepsis, cellulitis, cholecystitis, peritonitis, endocarditis, and meningitis. Participants were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We analysed infection episodes on a quarterly basis during a 5-year period (2011-15) and used group-based trajectory modelling to identify distinct trajectories. We examined the associations between infection trajectories and all-cause mortality using Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazard model. Among 79 666 eligible older adults, we identified four distinct infection trajectories over the 5-year follow-up: infrequent (58 619 [73·6%]), increasing (9746 [12·2%]), decreasing (9069 [11·4%]), and frequent (2232 [2·8%]). Compared with people with infrequent infections, the adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 2·96 (95% CI 2·82-3·11) in participants with frequent infections, 2·15 (2·09-2·22) in those with increasing infections, and 1·85 (1·80-1·91) in those with decreasing infections. Older adults with multiple infection episodes, irrespective of type, pathogens, and distinct infection pattern, had greater risk of all-cause mortality compared with those with infrequent infections. Further research to define the overall infection burden in older adults is needed for risk stratification and to inform prevention strategies. The Interdisciplinary Research Center for Healthy Longevity of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education, the National Science and Technology Council, and the Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan.

Assessing Sustainable Development Initiatives in Central Taiwan Science Park: A Study of Residents’ Opinions and the Impact on the Urban Ecosystem

The present study aims to explore the role of the Central Taiwan Science Park (CTSP) in promoting sustainable development, with a specific focus on the park’s recycling technologies. By combining survey research and conducting in-depth interviews with residents living around the CTSP, their observations were analyzed using statistical data released by the government. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how technology parks can promote circular economy and waste reduction, as well as to understand the potential impact of the CTSP on the environment and neighboring communities. The study found that the CTSP is committed to maximizing the use of recycling and has established advanced recycling facilities and green infrastructure to promote waste reduction. Residents’ opinions played a crucial role in understanding the current situation and the way forward, helping the CTSP design effective green infrastructure for the urban ecosystem. The results of this study could inform stakeholders about sustainable recycling and zero-waste initiatives in Taiwan’s technology industry and support government efforts to cultivate more sustainable urban ecosystems. Furthermore, this study found that environmental education can effectively raise awareness and promote action

Analysis of Key Factors for XR Extended Reality Immersive Art Experience

We examined the perception and preference of extended reality (XR) immersive art experiences from the exhibition at the National Taiwan Science Education Center between October 2021 and February 2022. Various research methods including a questionnaire survey, expert interviews, on-site observation survey, and triangulation were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative results. Structural Product and Service Solutions Principal Component Analysis (SPSS PCA) was also used to analyze and validate a sample of 219 participants. The findings indicated that the participants’ preference and ranking results were in line with the Teamlab Planets exhibition held at the National Taiwan Science Education Center. The key factors of immersive experience were charm and elegance, artistic and technological innovation, creativity and professionalism, trendy and cool, and eye-catching and exquisite immersion. These results served as a reference and contributed to understanding the current trends in immersive art experience design.

The impact of CIE education integrated with the BIG 6 teaching strategy on students’ innovative motivation, creativity, metacognition, and self-perceived employability

Facing the issue of a lack of talents with innovative competitiveness and entrepreneurial ability, the creative, innovative, and entrepreneurial ability has been regarded as a crucial factor in enhancing national competitiveness. Through establishing Creativity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship (CIE) educational skills and activities, this study used the BIG6 information search skills as a teaching strategy to cultivate students' entrepreneurial mindset and behavior, such as skills needed to start a new business that is beyond the currently available controllable resources. This study attempted to integrate creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship education with the Big Six (BIG 6) Information Stages teaching strategy, and explore its effectiveness on students’ innovative motivation, creativity, metacognition, and self-perceived employability. The subjects were 64 junior students from the Department of Design at a university of science and technology in Taiwan. They were divided into the experimental and control group, each group with 32 students. The results indicate that the experimental group shows significant improvement in innovative motivation, creativity, and metacognition in the Special Projects courses. Based on the findings, specific suggestions are proposed for reference in education.