School Students In Rural Areas Research Articles

Effects of Environmental Education Programs Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge on Ecological Literacy of Elementary School Students in Rural Areas

Effects of Environmental Education Programs Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge on Ecological Literacy of Elementary School Students in Rural Areas

Oral health problems among school children in rural area: a cross-sectional study

Background: Students are the wealth of the nation as they constitute one of the important segments of the population. The foundation of good health and sound mind is laid during the school age period. During this period, they are vulnerable to various oral health problems. These conditions are the hurdles in their physical, mental, emotional, and social development. In view of this, a study was conducted to assess the oral health status of the school students in rural areas. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in rural area among school children in the month of March 2023. Standard proforma was used to record the data related to oral morbidity among the subjects. Data entry and statistical analysis was done with the help of Microsoft Excel. ꭓ2 and SE (p1-p2) tests were used to compare difference in categorical variables. The statistical level of significance was fixed at p<0.05. Results: 432 students were examined. 226 (52.31%) subjects were having oral morbidity. 151 (66.81%) subjects in the age group of 5-10 years while 75 (33.19%) in the age group of >10-16 years were having oral health problems (p<0.05). 155 (59.73%) students from primary section and 71 (40.27%) students from secondary section were suffering from oral morbidity (p<0.05). Dental caries was observed among 194 (44.91%) subjects followed by mouth ulcers (09.72%). 143 (53.36%) underweight subjects were suffering from dental caries (p<0.05). Conclusions: Common oral health problems found in school going children can be addressed with the implementation of school health program in effective way. These common infirmities can be prevented by actively involving parents and teachers in school health services.

The Effect of English Songs on Chinese Students’ Acquisition of Word Stress in a Rural Junior High School

Few studies have examined how teaching English songs to junior high school students in rural areas affects students’ English pronunciation. To fill this gap, we taught English songs to 39 rural junior high school students and tested their perception and production of English words with different stress patterns before and after the session of learning English songs. Students were asked to identify the position of word stress for a list of disyllabic words, and they were asked to read the disyllabic words with different stress placements. Teachers evaluated the students’ pre-test and post-test performance, and acoustic measures were taken to compare their pronunciation in two sessions. After two weeks, the production test revealed an improvement in the students’ ability to produce English stress. In the post-test, students could more effectively use the duration cue to distinguish between stressed and unstressed syllables. However, students’ perception improvement was not attested. The findings generally indicated that English songs have a beneficial impact on junior high school students in rural areas who are learning English word stress.

The Impact of Implementing Quizizz on Developing Vocabulary Skills in Language Learning Among Malaysian Secondary School Students in Rural Areas

Gamification of education Technology definitely plays a significant part in English Language Teaching (ELT). Nowadays, Quizizz is one of the popular game-based learning that is frequently applied in education especially in language learning lesson. This study investigates the impact of implementing Quizizz, a gamified online learning platform, on the development of vocabulary skills among Malaysian Secondary School Students in rural areas. The current study comprised 33 participants, all of them were from three secondary students with mixed ability proficiency from SMK Desa Kencana in Lahad Datu. Pre- and post-test assessments measure the development of vocabulary skills. The study aims to determine whether Quizizz have a significant positive impact to the development of the students' vocabulary skills. Additionally, students' perceptions of Quizizz as a learning tool are explored through quantitative data using questionnaire. The results of the paired t-test analysis and the difference in mean scores suggested a significant rise in students' vocabulary achievement. Furthermore, according to the questionnaire findings, pupils have a positive perception towards the implementation of Quizizz in language learning. The findings contribute insight into the potential benefits and limitations of applying Quizizz for vocabulary skill development, providing insights into the practicality of utilising technology-enhanced learning approaches in rural education situations. Overall, the findings of this study have significance for educators, policymakers, and curriculum designers looking for new ways to improve language learning outcomes in rural secondary schools.

Research on the Psychological Defects of Primary and Middle School Students in Rural Areas

In recent years, China has experienced rapid economic development, but the problem of the uneven distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas has also emerged. This problem has caused the educational gap and cognitive ability gap between rural children and urban children to gradually become larger, and rural children may even develop psychological problems such as low self-esteem and anxiety. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to study the psychological deficiencies of rural primary and secondary school students due to the unequal distribution of educational resources and the lack of family education. Through literature reading and analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: the inequality of educational resources and the lack of family education can easily lead to psychological disorders such as low self-esteem, anxiety, and withdrawn personalities in rural primary and secondary school students.

Printed Modular Resources for Mathematics Education: Enhancing Distance Learning in Rural Public Junior High Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study investigated the physical features, quality of printed modules, and prior knowledge in mathematics among public junior high school students in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted within the Division of Butuan City, Caraga Region, Philippines specifically focusing on South Butuan District II. A descriptive-comparative research design was employed, and a survey questionnaire was administered to 607 Junior High School students selected through purposive sampling. Statistical tools, including the average mean, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test, were employed for data analysis and interpretation. The findings indicated that the physical features, quality of printed modules, and prior knowledge in mathematics were assessed as high, suggesting that students, regardless of school location, received consistent features and module quality. Moreover, significant differences were observed among variables based on the type of school, while no significant differences were found regarding sex and distance from the school concerning the dependent variables.

Reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms and the mediating role of resilience across two years: Three-wave cross-lagged panel model

BackgroundDepression among children has been a growing public health concern. It is generally recognized that individuals with depression are likely to have interpersonal malfunctioning. However, there remains a limited scientific understanding of the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms among rural Chinese children in a longitudinal approach. MethodsTherefore, guided by the interpersonal model of depression and the developmental cascade model, the present study conducted a cross-lagged panel analysis study to explore the bidirectional relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms across three waves among 2188 elementary school students in rural areas of one county of Gansu Province, China. We also examined the mediating effect of resilience and sex differences of the models. ResultsOur results showed that depressive symptoms negatively predicted interpersonal communication from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3. Interpersonal communication negatively predicted depressive symptoms from T1 to T2, but not T2 to T3. Furthermore, resilience showed significant partial mediating effects in the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms. In terms of sex differences, the significant relationship between depressive symptoms at T1 and interpersonal communication at T2 was found to be significant among male students and marginally significant among female students. The full mediating effect of resilience at T1 was found only among male students, whereas resilience at T2 functioned as a full mediator between depressive symptoms at T2 and interpersonal communication at T3 only among female students. LimitationsFirst, the present sample consisted of only third and fourth grade (i.e., in T1) students from one county in rural China. Second, the present study examined depressive symptoms instead of depression as a clinical diagnosis. Third, the third wave of the data was collected during COVID-19. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could unexpectedly pose on child mental health. ConclusionsThe finding underlined the importance of providing comprehensive depression prevention and intervention from fostering children's inner resilience and promoting their ability to navigate interpersonal resources.

A study of English vocabulary learning strategies in rural junior middle schools

Vocabulary teaching is an important part of English teaching. However, in the actual teaching process, junior high school students cannot express their ideas accurately and smoothly because of their incomplete grasp of vocabulary meaning and lack of vocabulary. To cultivate students' language expression ability, teachers need to strengthen students' vocabulary accumulation. Junior high school students need to memorize a large number of words, and rote learning alone is not feasible. Therefore, teachers should not only teach students the basic knowledge of English words, but also teach students how to memorize words efficiently. This is also an effective way to improve the quality of junior high school English teaching. Considering the special environment in rural areas, it is necessary to help students learn vocabulary strategies and improve their vocabulary memory. This paper mainly discusses the English Vocabulary Learning Strategies of rural junior middle schools and the general characteristics of vocabulary learning concepts. In order to test whether junior high school students' mastery of vocabulary learning strategies will affect their own English proficiency, the author gives guidance to junior high school students in rural areas. This paper also puts forward some substantive suggestions on cultivating students' vocabulary strategies, with a view to providing some help to English teachers in rural areas in vocabulary teaching.

ICT literacy, resilience and online learning self-efficacy between Chinese rural and urban primary school students.

In the process of large-scale online education during the COVID-19 pandemic, students' online learning has caused widespread public concerns. This study investigated the relationships between Chinese rural and urban primary school students' information communications technology (ICT) literacy, student resilience, and online learning self-efficacy in a large-scale online education environment during the pandemic in China. We compared 5,037 primary school students in rural areas to 5,045 primary school students in urban areas with matching gender and grade in nine regions in China's Guangdong province, using a survey comprising an ICT literacy scale, a student resilience scale, an online learning self-efficacy scale, and an ICT devices scale. The ICT literacy, resilience and online learning self-efficacy of primary school students in rural areas were significantly lower than those in urban areas (p < 0.01). The primary school students' ICT literacy was significantly associated with student resilience and online learning self-efficacy. Student resilience played a mediating role between ICT literacy and online learning self-efficacy, while the rural/urban area factor moderated the relationship between ICT literacy and student resilience. These findings suggest that ICT literacy is more scarce and important for primary school students in rural areas of China than for those in urban areas. Improving ICT literacy among primary school students can enhance students' resilience and thus improve their online learning self-efficacy, especially in rural areas.

The role of parental involvement and mathematics self-concept of elementary school students in online mathematics learning

Introduction. Learning mathematics from home during the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge for both parents and students to manage to engage in learning. Therefore, it is important to examine the involvement of parents in learning mathematics from home and students’ mathematics self-concepts and their relationship to mathematics performance.Aim. This study is aimed to analyse parental involvement and students’ mathematical self-concept, the relationship between the two, and their effect on students’ mathematical performance in online learning.Methodology and research methods. A cross-sectional survey was used to achieve the research objectives. There were 56 elementary school students in rural areas who were involved in this study. To assess parental involvement and mathematics self-concept, the authors employed questionnaires. Meanwhile, the results of the mid-semester test were used to assess student math performance. The answers to the research questions were reported using descriptive analysis, correlation, regression, and the t-test.Results. Based on the results of the analysis, parental involvement, both in terms of support and control aspects, has a significant influence on mathematics performance. On the other hand, mathematics self-concept and performance positively influence each other. The findings of the present research also show that the gender group and grade level group did not have significant differences for each variable.Practical significance. This study has implications for schools to maximise parental involvement in their children’s mathematics learning effectively. Communication between schools, teachers, and children, in particular, becomes critical to maximise children’s potential, including their math self-concept.

Overweight and obesity status and its associated factors among primary and secondary school students in China rural middle and western regions

Objective: To analyze the overweight and obesity status of students in the national pilot counties of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in 2019 and its associated factors. Methods: In 2019, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select about 40 students from each grade in primary and secondary schools in China's central and western regions where the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students was implemented. The height and weight of the children were measured using height or weight scales. The school questionnaire and county questionnaire were used to investigate the associated factors. A Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. The logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the associated factors. Results: In 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among rural primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years in central and western China 2019 was 11.5%. It was higher for boys (13.1%) than that for girls (9.8%), higher in central (14.3%) than that in the west (9.9%) and higher for elementary school students (12.4%) than that for secondary school students (9.5%, all P<0.001). The logistic regression showed that boys (OR=1.388), primary school students (OR=1.271), students without other dietary subsidies(OR=1.037), schools in rural areas (OR=1.133), schools with enterprise-based feeding mode (OR=1.043), schools without the provision of lunch (OR=1.143), schools without the provision of dinner (OR=1.122), and schools without providing drinking water (OR=1.015) were positively associated with overweight and obesity among students (P<0.05). Schools with snack shops (OR=0.952) were negatively associated with overweight and obesity among students (P<0.001). Conclusion: A certain proportion of primary and secondary school students in rural areas of central and western China are overweight and obese. The prevalence is not only related to children's gender, school section and county area but also related to school meals, whether schools provide drinking water and other factors.

Associations between coping styles, gender, their interaction and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in rural west China: A multicentre cross-sectional study.

BackgroundTo investigate the association between coping styles, gender, their interactions and non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behaviors among middle school students in rural western China under COVID-19.MethodsA multicentre cross-sectional study method was used to conduct an online survey of 8,361 students from 23 middle schools in the northern Sichuan region by clustering sampling, using the General Information Questionnaire, the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory, and the Coping Style Scale for Middle School Students.ResultsThe past year prevalence of NSSI among middle school students in rural west China was 5.7%. The differences in scores between those with and without NSSI on all dimensions of coping styles were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that vocational high school (OR = 1.67), girls (OR = 2.5), single parent with divorced parents (OR = 1.89), remarriage with divorced parents (OR = 1.81), and tolerance (OR = 1.17), venting emotions (OR = 1.15) and fantasy/denial (OR = 1.07) in coping styles may increase the risk of NSSI among middle school students, while problem solving (OR = 0.9) and seeking social support (OR = 0.9) among coping styles may reduce the risk of NSSI among middle school students. The interaction results show that gender has a moderating role in the process of endurance, avoidance, venting of emotions, and fantasy/denial influencing non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students.ConclusionThere is an association between coping styles and self-injury among middle school students in rural areas in western China, with gender playing a moderating role. Active attention should be paid to students' coping styles and encouraging them to adopt positive coping styles as well as avoid negative coping styles, especially in the case of girls, which can help prevent self-injury.

Potential Sociodemographic Predictors of Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of anxiety among primary school students in rural areas is relatively high. Also, this stage is a critical developmental stage of academic life. Childhood anxiety disorders lead to significant disruption and interference with other aspects of life, including behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and academic achievement. Aims: This study aimed to find the frequency of 6 subtypes of anxiety disorders and to determine the potential sociodemographic factors of anxiety disorders among primary school students in a rural area of Malaysia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which 411 students answered the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Child version (SCAS-C). Descriptive analyses elucidated at-risk students, and multivariate analysis of variance and multiple linear regression presented potential predictors of anxiety disorders. Results: The most common abnormal level was for social phobia (SP) (n = 109/18.6%), and the least common were panic/agoraphobia (n = 85/14.1%) and physical injury fears (PIF) (n = 82/13.6%). Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that age ( P &lt; .05), gender ( P &lt; .05), father’s employment ( P &lt; .05), and mother’s educational level (EL) P &lt; .05) were predictors of overall anxiety. A Tukey post-hoc test revealed that older children are more likely to suffer from overall anxiety, separation anxiety (SA), SP, and obsessive-compulsive problems. Children of low-income families were less likely to suffer from SA than those of middle-income families. Children of stay-at-home mothers were less likely to suffer from overall anxiety, SA, and SP than mothers who worked more than 8 h per day. Multiple linear regression could predict 6 models of anxiety based on sociodemographic factors. Conclusion: According to our findings in this study, promoting mental health by providing preventive strategies and screening programs is more recommended for students with sociodemographic risk factors for anxiety disorders.

Metaphorical Perceptions of High School Students in Rural Area Related to Career, Profession, and Job Concepts

This study aims to reveal the metaphorical perceptions of Turkish high school students in rural area about the concepts of career, profession, and job. The participants consisted of 160 (82 females and 78 males) high school students in the rural area. Participants are 10th (n=65), 11th (n=40), and 12th-grade (n=55) students. In order to reveal the metaphorical perceptions of the students about the concepts of career, profession, and job, each student was asked to complete the sentences of ''career is like ............ '' and '' because it is ... ''; ''profession is like ............ '' and '' because it is ... '' and 'job is like ............ '' and '' because it is ... ''. In this study, the phenomenology design was used and the data were analyzed by content analysis. Participants created total of 121 metaphors related to the career concept, 73 metaphors related to the profession concept, and 108 metaphors related to the job concept. The results are discussed basing on the career psychological counseling literature and presented suggestions for future studies.

The Effect of Peer Education Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Improvement of Behaviors Related to Oral Health in Primary School Students in Rural Areas of Torbat-e Jam

The Effect of Peer Education Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Improvement of Behaviors Related to Oral Health in Primary School Students in Rural Areas of Torbat-e Jam

Application of protection motivation theory (PMT) on skin cancer preventive behaviors amongst primary school students in rural areas of Fasa city-Iran

BackgroundConsidering that exposure to sunlight in childhood and adolescence has an important role in skin cancer, so it seems that training protective behaviors in this period is more effective.ObjectivesTo survey the application of protection motivation theory (PMT) on skin cancer preventive behaviors among students in rural areas of Fasa city, Iran.MethodsThis study was done in two stages: Phase I of this study, the descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 to investigate the predictive value of the protection motivation theory on skin cancer preventive behaviors. In the second stage, a quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted on 400 primary school students in 2019. The educational intervention was performed in the experimental group for 8 sessions. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and protection motivation theory before and six months after the intervention.ResultsThe constructs of protection motivation theory predicted 58.6% of skin cancer preventive behaviors. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of knowledge, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, reward, fear, protection motivation, response efficacy, self-efficacy, response costs, and the skin cancer preventive behaviors in before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, six months after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in each of the mentioned constructs and skin cancer protective behaviors (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed the effectiveness of the intervention based on the PMT constructs in adoption of skin cancer preventive behaviors in 6 months’ post intervention in primary school students.

菸害防制多元介入計畫對於偏遠地區國小學童之成效 Effectiveness of Smoking Prevention Multicomponent Intervention for Elementary School Students in Rural Area

菸害防制多元介入計畫對於偏遠地區國小學童之成效 Effectiveness of Smoking Prevention Multicomponent Intervention for Elementary School Students in Rural Area

Effectiveness of Group Counseling based on Lazarus Multimodal Approach on Psychological Well-being of Male Students

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach on psychological well-being of rural male students.&#x0D; Methods: This was a semi-experimental study including pre-test and post-test design, with control group. The study population included all male high school students in rural areas of city of Andimeshk in Iran. Thirty students were chosen through cluster sampling method who obtained the total score lower than average on the psychographic well-being scale, and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group received 8 ninety-minute weekly sessions of multimodal counseling. The research instrument included the short form of Ryff Psychological Well-being Questionnaire. At the end of the sessions, post-test was performed for both groups. Data were analyzed by the analysis of covariance.&#x0D; Results: The results showed that there is significant difference between experimental and control groups in measures of psychological well-being (p&gt;0/001). The final achievement of this study was the effectiveness of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach on increasing the psychological well-being of male students.&#x0D; Conclusion: In general, the research findings indicate the role and importance of multimodal therapy in increasing psychological well-being.

Parental Migration and Children's Exposure to Polyvictimization in Rural China.

The present study aims to investigate (1) the difference in polyvictimization rate between children left behind and those living with non-migrant parents in rural China, and (2) the social processes through which the effects of parental migration are conveyed through children's behaviors and interaction with the immediate external environment (e.g., family, school, and peers). The research hypotheses were tested by using a probability sample consisting of 1,681 middle school students in rural areas in Guizhou province (Mean age = 13.55, SD = 1.01; 50% of the participants were boys). Findings from multivariate logistic regression models and indirect effect analyses suggest that (1) overall, left-behind children are exposed to a higher level of polyvictimization than children living with both non-migrant parents in rural China and (2) whereas all left-behind children face similar challenges in school and family settings, each type of parental migration and caretaking arrangement entails unique protective or risk factors of polyvictimization. As one of the first studies to systematically investigate the rate and etiology of polyvictimization among children left behind in rural China, this study highlights the prominent role of parental migration in reproducing and reinforcing children's differential exposure to polyvictimization among China's rural families.

Preference for Traditional Medical Care to Orthodox Medical Care Among Secondary School Students in Rural Area of Nigeria

Most rural dwellers of developing countries often patronise unstandardized traditional medical care when they are ill. The study determined the reasons for preference of trado- medical care to standard orthodox medicine among secondary school students in Nigeria. A cross sectional study was carried out in three secondary schools located at Imesi-Ile, Osun State Nigeria. Respondents were recruited by multistage sampling technique. Fifty students each were selected from final year Junior Secondary School class, senior secondary classes 1 and 2 without gender bias. Pre-tested semi- structured questionnaires were employed to elicit data on their choice of preference for traditional medicine to orthodox medic-care. The results were analysed using SPSS version 20. Most respondents were females, 77 (51.3%). About 113 (75.3%) reported that they preferred traditional care to orthodox treatment because the later was too expensive for them to afford. About 108 (72%) adopted traditional medicine because of parents’ choice. Those who reported easy accessibility to traditional medicine as a choice for its preference were 85 (56.6%), while 78 (52%) believed that traditional medicines cure faster than orthodox, others reported they have been using traditional medicine from childhood (60.7%), and for some traditional medicine was preferred due to their friend’s choice (54.0%). Most youths preferred trado-medical care due to high cost of orthodox medicine and wrong perceptions. Proper education to correct wrong notions among youths and improving the economic power of the people will help the community.