Leadership Scholars Research Articles

Leadership in Boundaryless Organizations: Disposable or Indispensable?

The emergence of "post-bureaucratic" "boundaryless" organizations raises questions about the role of leadership in such organizational forms. In this article I analyse the basic characteristics of emerging organizational forms and offer a theory-guided speculation about the function and nature of leadership within such forms. The analysis exposes a basic dilemma: On the one hand, the temporary, adhoc and "virtual" nature of new organizational arrangements, in combination with greater tendencies toward equality and participation, seem to reduce the need and scope for traditional leadership in organizations. On the other hand, the weakening of both bureaucratic and cultural mechanisms of control and co-ordination seems to increase the need and scope for strong leadership. A related dilemma concerns the need for leaders to serve simultaneously as both agents of change and "centres of gravity" in organizations that cope with rapidly changing environments. These dilemmas pose practical challenges for leaders and theoretical challenges for leadership scholars. I discuss the appropriateness of current leadership theories to meet these challenges and offer directions for further theoretical developments.

Moving from Individual to Relationship: A Postindustrial Paradigm of Leadership

In this article, Rost compares and contrasts two paradigms of leadership and reduces their central meaning to one word. The industrial paradigm of leadership has been centered on an individual--a leader. The postindustrial paradigm will be centered on a relationship of leaders and collaborators. As we enter the twenty-first century, leadership scholars and practitioners are moving from understanding leadership as an individual to viewing it as a relationship.

An Affair of the Heart: Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership

The importance of emotional engagement in motivation of followers by transformational/charismatic leaders has often been emphasized by leadership scholars. Despite such consideration, little has been espoused regarding the theoretical mechanisms by which emotions and leadership behaviors are related. By presenting a theoretical bridge between the concept of emotional intelligence (Goleman, 1995) and Bass and Avolio's (1994) components of transformational leadership (i.e., idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration), this paper provides a focus on such theoretical issues with the hope of stimulating more systematic research efforts. Implications for future research and organizational management are also discussed.

The Call for Leadership

This article proposes that leadership scholars spend less time talking and writing about what leadership is or isn't and instead spend more time trying to improve society. This can be done by critically examining and challenging the governing variables of the institutions within which people live. Once these governing variables or mental models are challenged and exposed, then positive change can occur. Leadership menas making a difference and leadership education means providing students the tools to affect change. Engaging in dialogue is a critical step in the leadership process, but what is truly needed is action. This article is a call for the praxis of leadership.

A Beginning Synthesis of Leadership and Communication Studies

Contemporary leadership scholars suggest the need to develop an interdisciplinary definition and practice of leadership to prepare people for a postindustrial era. Although leadership has been studied from various perspectives, the discipline of communication studies has been overlooked in this effort. In this article, I attempt to integrate scholarly material from the literatures of communication and leadership studies. Within this review, I explicate the texts of predominant leadership scholars to demonstrate theoretical affinity between their views of leadership and a dramaturgical school of communication studies. From this foundation, I construct a dramatistic definition and method of leadership. The author is hopeful that this theoretical synthesis will bring more attention to the neglected relationship between leadership and communication studies.

Criteria for Selecting Case Studies of Leadership

Leadership instruction often makes extensive use of case studies. To be effective, the instructor needs to select cases which raise significant issues of leadership. Drawing on the work of Gardner, Rost, Burns, Roesner, and other leading scholars of leadership, a series of questions is posed to established criteria for the selection of cases.

Multivariate and moderated within- and between-entity analysis (WABA) using hierarchical linear multiple regression

Abstract Leadership scholars have increasingly been interested in exploring multi- and cross-level relationships in their research. However, multivariate and moderator variable approaches for examining these relationships are apparently not well-developed and well-understood. Building upon the within- and between-entities analysis (“WABA”) framework of Dansereau, Alutto, and Yammarino (1984), this article first develops and then illustrates how multivariate and moderator analyses may be conducted using the WABA approach. A further extension of WABA, suggested by George and James (1993) and incorporating an analysis for between-entities moderation of within-entities effects, is also proposed and illustrated—allowing researchers to better assess whether obtained within-entity (“parts”) parameter estimates hold across all entities (i.e., indicative of only nonrelative relationships) or not. Finally, three recently raised concerns about WABA, and directions for future research, are considered briefly.

The rhetoric of charismatic leadership: A theoretical extension, a case study, and implications for research

Despite apparent consensus about the importance of leader rhetoric, the topic has not received systematic attention from leadership scholars. The purpose of this article is to advance the study of the relationship between rhetorical behavior and charismatic leadership in three ways: first, by presenting theoretically derived propositions about the expected contents of charismatic leaders' speeches; second, by offering a thematic content analysis of a representative speech by a charismatic orator, in order to demonstrate the content themes suggested by the propositions; and third, by specifying the requirements for more systematic studies of the relationship between speech content and charisma.

Thoughts about nursing.

A graduate of Quincy City (Massachusetts) Hospital School of Nursing and holding the BS degree from Teachers College, Columbia University and the MS degree from Harvard University, Dorothy Smith was dean of the College of Nursing and chief of nursing practice at the J. Hillis Miller Health Center, University of Florida, Gainesville from 1956 to 1972. In that capacity, Smith pioneered the development of the unified model of nursing education and practice in which nursing faculty provided the clinical, scholarly and administrative leadership in the teaching hospital to create an environment for students to learn professional nursing practice by example. The unification model at the University of Florida has been replicated in varying degrees in many of the nation's leading health sciences centers. Dorothy Smith, probably more than any other single nurse leader in America, influenced nursing education's renewed commitment to clinical nursing--a commitment that eventually spawned clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, organizational reforms in hospitals that promoted professional nursing practice, and the evolution of clinical nursing research.

Literacy in Australia

This discussion will focus upon English literacy research which draws upon systemic functional linguistic theory. Over the last ten to fifteen years, a significant number of applied linguists and language educators have emerged in Australia who use systemic functional linguistic theory to address a wide range of research questions. Their effort has been stimulated by the scholarly leadership of Halliday (e.g., 1985a), who took up the Chair of Linguistics at Sydney University in the late 1970s, as well as that of colleagues and former students of his, including Hasan (e.g., Halliday and Hasan 1985) and Martin (e.g., 1985a). The group of scholars who have emerged have contributed to the development of a rich tradition of research and teaching in English literacy in both first and second language contexts. Such a tradition offers the prospect of an educational linguistics of value both to researchers and teachers. More than one tradition of linguistic research might well contribute to the development of an educational linguistics. However, it is the particular claims and contributions of systemic functional linguistic theory that are argued for here.

The "magic decade" revisited: Clark psychology in the twenties and thirties.

Clark psychology in the post-Hallian era has attracted little attention from scholars. The only general account, Carl Murchison's “Recollections of a Magic Decade at Clark” (1959), is both partisan and limited in scope. This paper examines the “second cycle” of the Clark department in a period of unusual productivity in research, publication, and graduate training from the mid-twenties to the mid-thirties, as well as the internal tensions and constraints that led the department to self-destruct in 1936 and lose its scholarly leadership and professional visibility until the post-World War II era.

A perspective on training for academic leadership in geriatrics.

A perspective on training for academic leadership in geriatrics.

Regional-Spatial Analysis in Marketing

Regional-spatial analysis should be part of the framework of micro-macro marketing, in order to fully portray the basic hetereogeneity and entrepreneurship of modern markets and marketing. In recent years this type of analysis has been underemphasized, but given time and scholarly leadership, the balance will be restored because vertical channel and spatial organization and relations are organically linked.

Regional-Spatial Analysis in Marketing

Regional-spatial analysis should be part of the framework of micro-macro marketing, in order to fully portray the basic hetereogeneity and entrepreneurship of modern markets and marketing. In recent years this type of analysis has been underemphasized, but given time and scholarly leadership, the balance will be restored because vertical channel and spatial organization and relations are organically linked.

The Malaise in Internal Medicine

Internists today are discomforted by uncertainty of identity, governmental interference with practice, total responsibility for patients' health, and by waning of faith in science. As personal "caring" physicians, internists are secure in primary care but should maintain their distinctive scholarly leadership as master clinicians and consultants. Humanism and science are one in patient care. Future practice patterns depend on physicians themselves participating in policy decisions for inevitable controls and rationing of government financed health services. The public must understand that good health depends not only on physicians but also on a better society and what people are willing to do for themselves. Western culture has been shaken by the cruel paradoxes of progress and technology. But, human choice not science is at fault, and only wisdom in the use of science will save us.

Management & Leadership Theories in Scripture Narratives: An Editor’s Outline of Opportunities for Further Study

This short article is not an official call for papers, but it is a suggestion for management and leadership scholars who are looking for ideas for what might be studied and written about in this or other journals. The following table contains a record of some of the biblical narratives and passages and how each might be aligned with or provide an example of one or more contemporary theories related to motivation and leadership.