Scarcity Of Raw Materials Research Articles

Минерагеническое районирование керамических глин Воронежской антеклизы

Введение: На территории Центрально-Черноземного района керамические глины являются ценным и одновременно дефицитным сырьем. Они приурочены к отложениям мамонской толщи верхнего девона, аптского яруса нижнего мела, свитам: киевской эоцена, берекской олигоцена, шапкинской миоцена и усманской плиоцена. Глины разновозрастных месторождений отличаются по условиям образования, вещественному составу и качеству. Поэтому вопрос о минерагеническом районировании керамических глин является актуальным. Методика: Решение задач по минерагеническому районированию определило использование комплекса методик. Были проведены полевые исследования, камеральные построения фациальных карт и разрезов, лабораторные и технологические испытания. На основании комплексного анализа полученных данных выделены таксоны для регионального минерагенического районирования в рангах: минерагенические (рудные) зоны, районы и узлы. В процессе проведения работ задокументирован и опробован керн более 50 скважин, описаны и опробованы породы свыше 90 точек наблюдений (обнажения и карьеры) в пределах Воронежской, Курской, Липецкой, Орловской областей. Подготовлены пробы, с помощью прецизионных методов (дифрактометрический и электронно-микроскопический) изучен минеральный и химический составы глин около 200 образцов. Результаты и обсуждение: Керамические глины мамонской толщи формировались в пролювиально-делювиальных и озерно-болотных фациях. Для них выделена Мамонская минерагеническая зона, которая включает в себя Павловск-Калачский район, а в нем перспективная Воробьевская площадь. Керамические глины апта приурочены к озерно-болотным и лагунно-морским обстановкам. Ценные огнеупорные разности образовались на суше в результате «проточного» диагенеза, тугоплавкие – при осадконакоплении. Различия в условиях формирования повлекли за собой отличия в вещественном составе и качестве глинистого сырья. Это позволило выделить Воронежский и Курско-Елецкий минерагенические районы. Они входят в состав Малоархангельск-Воронежской минерагенической зоны. Воронежский минерагенический район соответствует распространению континентальных фаций, Курско-Елецкий – лагунно-морских. Для керамических глин кайнозоя минерагеническое районирование не проводилось, т.к. это сырье невысокого качества, месторождения рассредоточены по территории и площади развития фаций незначительны. Выводы: впервые методом близкой аналогии выделены минерагенические таксоны для разновозрастных керамических глин, подсчитаны прогнозные ресурсы. Суммарно по категории Р3 они составили 51,1 млн т

Comparative pharmacognostic and pharmacological study of Salvia verticillata and Salvia officinalis leaves to establish the prospect of creating a new medicines

The raw material base of medicinal plants in Ukraine is sufficient only for half of the pharmacopoeial species. Most of them are growing in insufficient quantities and there is a need to import them. In the conditions of import dependence and scarcity of domestic raw materials, the search for new sources of biologically active substances among the representatives of the Ukrainian flora is an urgent aim of modern pharmaceutical science. The purpose of the research is to conduct comparative pharmacognostic and pharmacological studies of S. verticillata and S. officinalis leaves to determine the possibility of using non-pharmacopoeial species in pharmaceutical and medical practice. Materials and methods. The objects of the study are S. verticillata and S. officinalis leaves, which was harvested in the botanical garden of the I. Franko Lviv National University. The morphological and anatomical structure of the species leaves was studied by light microscopy. The study of macro- and microelement composition in the S. officinalis and S. verticillata leaves was carried out by atomic emission spectrographic method. Determination of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of the main groups of biologically active substances was carried out by HPLC. The quantitative determination of phenolic compounds was also carried out by spectrophotometric method. The anti-inflammatory activity of galenic extracts from the leaves of the studied species was studied using a model of acute inflammatory edema caused by subplant implantation of a carrageenin solution. Results. Using light microscopy, we studied the key microscopic and diagnostic signs of S. verticillata leaves. The content of 15 micro and macroelements was found in both studied species. 15 and 14 amino acids, 8 and 6 saponins, respectively, were identified in the S. officinalis and S. verticillata leaves. By HPLC, the qualitative composition and quantitative content of phenolic substances in the S. officinalis and S. verticillata leaves (13 and 12 compounds, respectively) was established. The maximum antiexudative effect of the dry extracts from the S officinalis and S. verticillata leaves was observed at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The dominant of elements are silicon, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium. The total content of trace elements in the leaves of S. verticillata is 1.78 times higher than in the pharmacopeia S. officinalis . The total content of saponins predominates in the leaves of S. verticillata and is 15.09 mg/g, which is 12.1 % more than in the pharmacopeia specie. The total flavonoid content in the leaves of S. verticillata is 1.57 times higher than in the pharmacopeia one S. officinalis , the content of hydroxycinnamic acids is highest in the S. officinalis leaves. The highest total content of all phenolic compounds is characteristic of S. verticillata leaves, which is 37.18 % (1.37 times) more than the pharmacopeia S. officinalis . At a dose of 50 mg/kg the anti-inflammatory effect of the dry extract from the S. verticillata leaves was comparable to the activity of the substance from the S. officinalis leaves. Conclusions. As a result of comparative pharmacognostic and pharmacological study of S. verticillata and S. officinalis leaves, it was found that S. verticillata is a promising species for introduction into medical and pharmaceutical practice, precisely as a source of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory effect of the dry extract of S. verticillata leaves was compared with that of the substance of S. officinalis leaves, which indicates the possibility of creating a new anti-inflammatory medicine based on it.

Pyrolysis-free approach towards synthesis of oxygen reduction electrocatalysts

The accelerated consumption of traditional fossil energy has aggravated the energy crisis and environmental pressure worldwide, so clean and renewable energy technologies have been attracting increasing interest. The development of fuel cell technology, metal air batteries, etc., is an important way to deal with the crisis and relieve pressure. As an important part in the operation of battery system, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrochemical catalysts have become the focus of more and more researchers. At present, the commercial catalysts are metal base, especially the electrocatalysts based on precious metals (platinum, ruthenium, etc.) show excellent electrochemical catalytic performance and good stability in ORR. However, the introduction of precious metals increases the cost of battery systems, and the scarcity of raw materials greatly limits the large-scale commercial application of such catalysts. Therefore, the development of high efficiency, stability and low cost non-noble metal based electrocatalysts is the current research target. Recently, a large number of non-precious metal carbon-based catalysts (Fe, Co and other transition metals) have been developed. As early as 1964, scientists found that cobalt phthalocyanine with M-N4 structure in alkaline electrolyte showed ORR properties, but the stability and catalytic activity of the material were poor. On the basis of this research, M-N x /C electrocatalysts prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis with materials with non-noble metals, N and C sources as precursors have been widely studied in the field of new energy materials. Non-noble metal carbon oxygen reduction catalyst is the current popular fuel cell catalysts, the traditional preparation process, most of the carbon catalyst with high temperature carbonization decomposition (usually in 800−1100°C) carbonization process to improve the conductivity and catalytic activity of material, but because of the high temperature in the process of sheet metal atoms to reunite, pyrolysis carbonization of artificial is high, the preparation conditions demanding, not guaranteed, reproducibility and subsequent brings environmental pollution problems such as acid treatment process, is not conducive to practical production applications. In the process of high-temperature carbonization, the material structure may change unpredictably or even be reconstructed, and the catalytic activity potential is unclear and difficult to control, which brings great challenges to understand the reaction and deactivation mechanism and subsequently develop large-scale preparation approach. The research and development of non-carbonization method can avoid the change of material structure caused by high temperature from the source of production. This method can not only effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the repeatability of material preparation, but also realize the controllable construction of high-density, high-activity center and multi-function, and even realize the centralized appearance of different catalytic active centers in the same catalyst, providing a model catalyst for the study of catalytic mechanism. More and more researchers have been working on the preparation of carbon-based catalysts by non-carbonized methods. This paper systematically introduces the preparation and application of non-carbonization strategy to construct new oxygen reduction catalytic materials. Although the non-carbonization strategy is still in its infancy, it is playing an important role in promoting the research of active sites and catalytic mechanism.

Study of the Influence of Bakery Agents on the Quality of Finished Products

The study of new types of raw materials which differ in the properties necessary in technology, have a rich chemical composition, contain structural components which will not only activate the biotechnological processes of bread production, but also save scarce raw materials used in baking, and improve the chemical composition of the finished product is an urgent problem nowadays. In this work, the expediency and usefulness of barley flour using, polysaccharides and cod liver oil in the creation of compositions for new bakery products is considered. Pectin is a natural polysaccharide which is considered to be enterosorbent. It consists from polygalacturonic acid partially esterified with methanol. Polyfructozan inulin is a natural prebiotic; it is known to give products rich creamy taste and texture. Jerusalem artichoke root powder was a source of inulin consistency. The optimal formulations have been developed experimentally using sensory, physical and chemical methods with the addition of bakery agents (pectin, inulin), as well as a fatty additive – cod liver oil. The dependence between the force proofing products and a ratio of components flour mixture also the stresses of the compression / cutting of bakery products pulp samples and dosages cod liver oil and inactivated yeast. The cod liver oil is considered as a bakery agent of oxidative action used to produce bakery products from flour with weak gluten. The formulation was optimized, and the optimal amount of the additive was determined. The technologies of producing of baking products using bakery agents have been observed, the optimization and quality estimation of them have been carried out.

A terrorizmus és a hibrid hadviselés viszonyrendszere

A világunkban bekövetkezett negatív folyamatok (túlnépesedés, élettércsökkenés, környezetet érintő változások, nyersanyaghiány, magunk alkotta szabályrendszereink kijátszása, semmibe vétele stb.) mind ahhoz vezettek, hogy elinduljon egy olyan visszafordíthatatlan folyamat, amely a békés együttélést és a biztonságunkat fenyegeti. A bekövetkezett változások a világrendre is hatást gyakoroltak, aminek köszönhetően az azon belül elhelyezkedő nagyhatalmak újra előtérbe helyezték a geopolitikai, geostratégiai érdekeiket. Paradox módon a terrorizmus is megjelenik mint eszköz, az eddig ellene küzdő béke és biztonság megőrzését szorgalmazó egyes résztvevők érdekérvényesítő tevékenységei tárházában, ezzel pont azokat fenyegetve. Új hadviselési forma jelent meg a fegyveres harcok során, a hibrid hadviselés, amelyben szerepet kap a terrorizmus is.

Supercharged!

Supercharged!

A Review on Geopolymer RCC Beams made with Recycled Coarse Aggregate

In present day scenario, concrete construction is rapidly increasing for different uses and aspects irrespective of the economy and its usage. Due to this imbalanced usage of economy, scarcity of raw materials increasing day by day and environment is getting affected due to manufacturing of cement. This study has been done how to reduce environmental pollution by using different kind of bi product materials in replacement to conventional concrete, which is made up of OPC. The cement can be replaced with fly ash; GGBS, rice husk ash etc, aggregates are being partially replaced with recycled aggregates which come from demolished structures and alkaline liquids such as sodium silicates and sodium hydroxide can be used in concrete, which is called geopolymer concrete. Literature review has been carried out to find the optimum content of aggregates to be replaced and the flexure behavior of the beams is being evaluated. From the literature study, it has been identified that the optimum compressive strength is achieved at 30% replacement of recycled aggregate and ductility natures of both Geopolymer and conventional concrete beams are almost similar.

Who will control the electric vehicle market

The second automobile revolution, the age of electrification and digitalisation, is on its way. It is a gradual transition and not a sudden break. However, millions of electric vehicles (EVs) are now being sold, and the EV market is becoming a mass market propelled by economies of scale. It is reflected in the drop in the cost of batteries which will bring the price of EVs on a par with the price of conventional vehicles in the coming decade. Nonetheless, two interrelated issues have been underestimated and will now decide who will play a dominant role and benefit the most from the EV market. The first is the relative scarcity of raw materials from which batteries are made. The second is that the primary EV market is China which gives its companies a strategic advantage for the supply of critical metals and the large-scale production of batteries. Our research analyses the fundamental role of natural resources for the control of the EV market and the response of governments to ensure access to them. We show the importance of industrial and diplomatic policies in a context of geostrategic rivalries of large powers.

Who will control the electric vehicle market

The second automobile revolution, the age of electrification and digitalisation, is on its way. It is a gradual transition and not a sudden break. However, millions of electric vehicles (EVs) are now being sold, and the EV market is becoming a mass market propelled by economies of scale. It is reflected in the drop in the cost of batteries which will bring the price of EVs on a par with the price of conventional vehicles in the coming decade. Nonetheless, two interrelated issues have been underestimated and will now decide who will play a dominant role and benefit the most from the EV market. The first is the relative scarcity of raw materials from which batteries are made. The second is that the primary EV market is China which gives its companies a strategic advantage for the supply of critical metals and the large-scale production of batteries. Our research analyses the fundamental role of natural resources for the control of the EV market and the response of governments to ensure access to them. We show the importance of industrial and diplomatic policies in a context of geostrategic rivalries of large powers.

Decentralized Planning of Lithium-Ion Battery Production and Recycling

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries enables the recovery of scarce raw materials with lower economic, ecological, and social impacts compared to the primary production. However, the full potential of the recycling can only be reached through cooperation between forward and reverse supply chain. Due to the autonomy of the different companies, the decision-making process in such cooperation is decentralized. In practice, this leads to inefficiencies. Therefore, this contribution aims develop models for the decentralized planning of production and recycling, which are suitable for the application of lithium-ion batteries, and use them to analyze inefficiencies based on a case study.

Handicraft Tourism in Pokhara: Connecting the Past Tradition to the Present

Although the importance of handicraft has been widely recognized, the literature regarding the role of handicraft in tourism market is scarce. Based on empirical data, the present article aimed to explore the interplay between handicraft and tourism, the contribution of handicraft in tourism promotion and the challenges faced by handicraft sector in Pokhara, Nepal. This study identifies that there is a significant level of correlation and dependency between handicraft and foreign tourist arrivals, job creation and the increase in income and social status of handicraft shop proprietor. As a harbinger of past tradition, handicraft tourism/souvenir items has created a unique experience for tourist, enriched nation’s pride, belief and identity and connected the past tradition to the present. Lack of effective advertisement/marketing, inequitable price, scarcity of raw materials, intrusion of foreign goods, ineffective government policies are the key challenges of handicraft tourism. Policy improvement, increase in source/supply of raw materials, supply of handicrafts as per demand, creative production and marketing are the ways that can promote handicraft market. Handicraft tourism is not just about displaying and selling products, it is about allowing tourists to truly understand the skill/craft at rear and realize handicrafts unique tradition, linking tourists to artisans to facilitate them understand and appreciate the art. It is necessary recognizing the importance of local handicraft in sustainable tourism development and the importance of tourism as an agent for protection and preservation of traditional crafts, methods of production and cultural milieu.

IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI JABON MERAH (ANTHOCEPHALUS MARCOPHYLLUS) DI KECAMATAN BUA KABUPATEN LUWU

Community forest is one model of natural resource managements based on community initiatives. The development of community forests is directed at restoring land productivity. Scarcity of industrial wood raw materials requires fast-growing commercial wood, jabon merah is a fast-growing plant. Potential of jabon merah at Bua District has not been known certainly. Inventory studies contain descriptions of forested areas and potential assessments. Bua sub-district is one of the sub-districts producing jabon merah wood that comes from community forests. This research was conducted from August to September 2019 with the aim to find out how much the potential for jabon merah and the distribution of jabon merah are in Bua sub-district. This research was conducted by quantitative description method. the results obtained by an inventory of the potential of jabon merah in Bua sub-district are 5,127 m3. Volume of jabon merah for each diameter class is 0.99 m3 for the diameter class of 5-10.99 cm, 277.60 m3 for the diameter class of 11-19.99 cm, 338.20 m3 for the diameter class of 20-29.99 cm, and 122.15 m3 for the widest class located in the village of Tiromanda with 11 stands of jabon merah stands, witharea of 5.3 ha.The lowest and lowest distribution is located in Lare-Lare village, only 1 area of jabon merah stands, with an area of 0.8 ha.Keywords: Forest of the people, Potential, Distribution, Jabon Merah.

Pengaruh Aktivitas Rantai Nilai Terhadap Kualitas dan Inovasi Produk

This study was inspired by the scarcity of furniture raw materials so that the furniture SMEs should regulate their value chain activities to maintain their product quality and innovation. The observed value chain dimensions in this study were customer focus, research and development management, process management and supplier management. This study was intended to find out the effect of value chain activities on product quality and innovation. The samples were 31 furniture SMEs in Bantul, Special Territory of Yogyakarta. They were selected through census. The data were then analyzed through multiple linear regression. The result showed that the customer focus affected both product quality and innovation, research and development management affected product innovation, process management affected product quality and supplier management influenced both product quality and innovation.

The Effect on Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregate with Flyash, Granite Powder and Plastic Fibres

The rapid growth of the population leads to a requirement of infrastructure this leads to scarcity of raw material for construction such as cement and sand. The other hand pollution growing due to thermal power plants, granite polishing unit and plastic waste this need to be removed. This gives an idea of using this compound as a raw material in concrete making. This concept found to effective minimizes disposal of fly, granite power and plastic wastes, and leads towards Green Building Concepts. In this investigation of M25 grade normal concrete is made by cement, sand, and aggregate which is tested and compared by special concrete. The concrete mix is prepared as per 10262 -2019 by adding replacing small amount of Fly ash in place of cement OPC 53 grade, and fine aggregate is prepared by partial replacing with granite powder (0%,10%,20%,30%)and another mix is prepared by adding 0.5 nylon fiber, partial replacement of fine aggregate with granite powder (0%,10%,20%,30%)specimens are casted . The casted specimens are tested for split tensile strength and compressive strength 7, 14 and 28 day’s respectively and these results also compared with each other. I t is observed that compressive strength and split tensile of concrete at 28days of curing show max value when compared with normal concrete. When the percentage of granite powder increases to 30% it shows that a decrease in both split tensile strength of concrete and compressive strength. When we added fiber to the concrete there is an increase in compressive strength and split tensile strength but there is a not much increase in compressive strength but increase in split tensile strength

Endangered elements, critical raw materials and conflict minerals.

Amid present concerns over a potential scarcity of critical elements and raw materials that are essential for modern technology, including those for low-carbon energy production, a survey of the present situation, and how it may unfold both in the immediate and the longer term, appears warranted. For elements such as indium, current recycling rates are woefully low, and although a far more effective recycling programme is necessary for most materials, it is likely that a full-scale inauguration of a global renewable energy system will require substitution of many scarcer elements by more Earth-abundant material alternatives. Currently, however, it is fossil fuels that are needed to process them, and many putative Earth-abundant material technologies are insufficiently close to the level of commercial viability required to begin to supplant their fossil fuel equivalents "necessarily rapidly and at scale". As part of a significant expansion of renewable energy production, it will be necessary to recycle elements from wind turbines and solar panels (especially thin-film cells). The interconnected nature of particular materials, for example, cadmium, gallium, germanium, indium and tellurium, all mainly being recovered from the production of zinc, aluminium and copper, and helium from natural gas, means that the availability of such 'hitchhiker' elements is a function of the reserve size and production rate of the primary (or 'attractor') material. Even for those elements that are relatively abundant on Earth, limitations in their production rates/supply may well be experienced on a timescale of decades, and so a more efficient (reduced) use of them, coupled with effective collection and recycling strategies, should be embarked upon urgently.

STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE STOCK PRICES OF EGYPTIAN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES: AN APPLIED STUDY

This study examines the impact of both the internal and external environmental risks of the Egyptian industrial companies on the prices of their shares on the stock exchange, in addition to studying the impact of corporate social responsibility on the prices of its shares through application to a sample of Egyptian industrial companies in the industrial sector. The study discussed the internal risks faced by industrial companies represented by their financial risks such as exchange rate liberalization, credit risk, liquidity risk, foreign exchange risk. As well as other internal risks such as occupational health and safety, strikes and labor class demonstrations. The study also discussed external risks such as unemployment, inflation, high prices of raw materials, oil and natural gas, or scarcity of raw materials, in addition to the impact of the companies' commitment to their social responsibility towards the environment and the society and its reflection on the prices of the shares of these companies in the Egyptian Stock Exchange. The objectives of the study are to study and present the quality of environmental risks in the industrial society to determine the nature of social responsibility and its relation to environmental risks, to verify the impact of the relationship between risks and to reflect social responsibility on the prices of shares of companies polluting the environment. In order to achieve the objectives of the study was used descriptive method descriptive in the study and deductive to ascertain the hypotheses of the study. The study has reached the following results: The prices of shares of industrial companies are affected by their environmental risks, showing the impact of the prices of shares of industrial companies to the degree of their social responsibility. The results also indicate the impact of the prices of shares of industrial companies on both environmental risks and social responsibility. The most important recommendations of the researchers are: the need for coordination between the industrial companies and the Ministry of Environmental Affairs to identify the environmental risks resulting from industrial processes and activities and their environmental damage, in addition to their damage to humans and other living organisms, Cooperation among agencies and ministries to raise awareness about the role of social responsibility in industrial companies and its positive impact on the environment and society, which is reflected in turn to improve its positive image and enhance its position in the community, which works to attract and retain investors, Holding conferences and seminars by inviting industrial companies to identify the most important companies that take into account the environmental dimension in their activities as well as their social responsibility and social honor locally and internationally, which increases the competition among companies towards commitment to the environmental and social role in the overall work.

Production and characterization of low-energy Portland composite cement from post-industrial waste

Abstract The utilization of post-industrial waste materials is often challenging due to environmental regulations. Additionally, the scarcity of raw materials for producing cement is generating the demand for alternate sources of materials. The current study explores the production of cement and clinker on a large scale using post-industrial waste materials from different sources. Lime sludge generated by the paper mill industry and sponge iron produced during the processing of iron are used as primary source materials for producing clinker. A large-scale vertical kiln is used for clinkering. The unburnt carbon present in the sponge iron is used as an energy source for calcining the raw materials reducing the demand on external fuel. A Portland Composite Cement (PCC) is produced by inter-grinding the clinker with waste generated by the pharmaceutical industry, silico-manganese slag and fly ash. An evaluation of the clinker and the PCC is performed and compared with a commercially available Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Hydration studies and characterization of the materials are performed using different analytical techniques. This work provides the fundamental basis for an environmentally sustainable utilization of post-industrial waste in the production of clinker suitable for use in construction.

Recovery of high-value and scarce resources from biological wastewater treatment: Sulfated polysaccharides

Recovering materials with high value and increasing market demand from sewage and/or sludge is becoming more attractive than recovering traditional resources such as nutrients and biogas. Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) are valuable and scarce raw materials that can only be produced from marine algae and a few types of animal tissues. This study evaluated if SPs are present in activated sludge obtained from saline sewage with a high level of sulfates present. The presence of SPs-containing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was confirmed and quantified for both sludge from lab-scale reactors and full-scale plants for the first time. SPs in the sludge of a lab-scale reactor operated under alternating aerobic/anoxic conditions with 500 mg/L sulfate in the influent (which is typical of Hong Kong saline sewage) reached 342.8 ± 0.3% mg/gVSS, and sludge taken from a full-scale saline wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) contained 418.1 ± 0.4% mg/gVSS of SPs. Purity of the extracted SPs was comparable to that of commercial industrial-grade products. Key bioactivities of SPs (i.e. fucoidan, carrageenan and heparin), namely anti-angiogenesis, anticoagulant and antioxidant, were confirmed after extraction and purification. Interestingly, operating conditions had a strong influence on the contents and types of SPs synthesized in sludge as well as its bioactivities. Although the detailed synthetic pathways of SPs in activated sludge remain unclear, the current study has made a first attempt to recover a high–value scarce resource from biological wastewater treatment.

Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Kerajinan Rotan Menuju Trangsan Desa Wisata dalam rangka Meningkatkan Ekspor

The purpose of implementing community service is the Export Product Development Program (EPDP) to increase the quantity and quality of rattan production, and increase the sale of rattan products. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) involved as many as 2 (two) SMEs in Trangsan village, namely the Three Colors Rattan UKM, and the Wayan Rotan UKM with the problem of scarcity of raw materials and purchasing methods not optimal, equipment that is not feasible to use, layout not optimal, designs that change frequently. The solutions offered are training, including training in raw material purchasing methods, tool management training, and product design training, as well as upgrading equipment. The output of community service activities is that rattan production increased by more than 10% for three-color UKM, Rattan and 29% increase in UMKM production, Wayan Rotan.

The Importance of Sustainability in the Fashion Sector: ADIDAS Case Study

In a society such as the present, characterized by an extremely consumerist lifestyle, the issue of social, economic and environmental sustainability must be taken into account and must become a conditioning element of day-to-day life choices by every business. To be a sustainable business means not only respecting the environment, but also respecting the health of workers and consumers, saving raw materials and economic resources, respecting human rights, rationalizing creative and productive processes, reducing waste, creating new and more transparent ties with communities. This implies a responsible behavior, with the aim to create value for all stakeholders. This is also affecting the fashion industry, where the problem of scarcity of resources and raw materials often leads to new entrepreneurial choices, which based on three important issues: saving, recycling, re-use. This study, using case study, examines the impact of sustainability policies implemented by some company operating in the fashion industry. Starting from these premises, the work intends to describe and analyze the application of the concept of sustainability in the field of fashion industry, focusing in particular on the Adidas case.