Addition Of Sb Research Articles

Effect of Ca and Sb on the Corrosion Resistance of E690 Steel in Marine Atmosphere Environment

This study investigates the impact of Ca and Sb elements on the corrosion resistance of E690 steel in a simulated marine environment. Electrochemical testing and dry/wet cyclic corrosion testing were conducted on prepared E690 steel specimens. The eroded specimens’ microstructure was observed under a scanning electron microscope, and the inclusion morphology was analyzed using an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The simulating liquid was designed to emulate the severe marine atmospheric environment in Xisha. Results showed that the addition of Ca and Sb elements effectively enhances the corrosion resistance of E690 steel in the simulated marine environment. The corrosion rates of E690 steel specimens with Ca and Sb additions were lower than those without, and the corrosion morphology was more uniform. These findings suggest that the addition of Ca and Sb elements can improve the corrosion resistance of E690 steel in simulated marine environments and have potential for use in marine engineering applications.

Effect of addition of minor amounts of Sb and Gd on hot tearing susceptibility of Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy

The effects of addition of minor amount of (0.5 wt.%) antimony (Sb) or gadolinium (Gd) and combined addition of Sb and Gd (0.5 wt.%, respectively) on the hot tearing susceptibility (HTS) of Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy were investigated experimentally using a “T-shaped” hot tearing measuring system. Various solidification parameters of the alloys were measured and calculated through thermal analysis experiments. The microstructure, grain size, and morphology of the crack zone were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction, and the crystal phases of the alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of 0.5 wt.% Gd resulted in the increase in the vulnerable temperature range (Tv) and reduced the eutectic structure content that could participate in feeding, thereby improving the HTS of the alloy. However, addition of 0.5 wt.% Sb or combined addition of Gd and Sb (0.5 wt.%, respectively) to the Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy shortened the Tv and improved the skeleton strength of the alloy, thereby reducing HTS. Moreover, significantly refined structure of Mg-5Al-3Ca-0.5Gd-0.5Sb alloy improved the feeding ability of the eutectic structure, thus the alloy exhibited the lowest HTS.

Postharvest Application of Potato Starch Edible Coatings with Sodium Benzoate to Reduce Sour Rot and Preserve Mandarin Fruit Quality

Starch is a biodegradable polymeric carbohydrate that can easily form films and coatings and can readily be obtained from some food industry by-products and wastes, which may contribute to the circular bioeconomy. In this work, we studied the potential of two edible coating emulsions based on pregelatinized potato starch (PPS) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) alone (F6 and F10) or formulated with the food additive sodium benzoate (SB, 2%) (F6/SB and F10/SB) to control sour rot, an important citrus postharvest disease caused by the fungus Geotrichum citri-aurantii, and maintain postharvest quality of cold-stored ‘Orri’ mandarins. The PPS-GMS coating application was compared to dipping in water (uncoated controls) and dipping in a 2% SB (w/v) aqueous solution. The results showed that the coating F10/SB was the most promising treatment to control sour rot on mandarins, with reductions in disease incidence with respect to the uncoated control samples of 94, 69, and 55% after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of storage at 5 °C, respectively. Coatings formulated without SB were ineffective. Regarding fruit quality, the coating F10 was the most effective to reduce weight loss, maintain firmness, and provide gloss on mandarins stored at 5 °C for up to 6 weeks followed by a shelf-life period of 1 week at 20 °C. The addition of SB to the PPS-GMS coatings adversely affected these coating properties, but the coating F10/SB still reduced weight loss compared to uncoated controls without negatively affecting the fruit physicochemical (juice titratable acidity, soluble solids content, and volatiles content) and sensory quality (overall flavor, off-flavors, external aspect). Overall, the coating F10/SB showed the greatest potential for commercial use as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fungicides and waxes for sour rot control and quality preservation of cold-stored mandarins.

The Superconductivity and Structural Properties in FeSe0.5Te0.5 with Sb and Sm Additions

The Superconductivity and Structural Properties in FeSe0.5Te0.5 with Sb and Sm Additions

The technology of feed mix production with the addition of probiotic LEVISEL SB Plus

In the article, the authors present the results of developing a feed mixture with the addition of the probiotic Levisel SB + in the production conditions of JSC Prodo Poultry Farm Permskaya. In the poultry body, due to intensive industrial rearing, fattening, change of diet, and composition of feed mixtures, the fermentation process in the large intestine of poultry is disturbed. Therefore, it is crucial to develop feed mixes with various supplements, probiotics, and prebiotics—one of the most important criteria for obtaining quality poultry meat - complete fodder. Mixed fodder is a feed mixture of purified finely chopped raw materials of plant and animal origin with the addition of enriching substances such as vitamins, micro-, and macronutrients, enzymes, probiotics, and more. To date, our task has become not only the production of quality feed but adding to them such ingredients that would increase meat productivity, ensure the health of poultry and obtain environmentally friendly products. Prodo agro holdings growing poultry production volumes are ahead of the national average. First of all, this increase is connected with investment projects. In 2008 Prodo agricultural holding developed and introduced national brands “Rokoko” and “Troekurovo,” which allowed the company to expand the geography of sales of its products. Currently, there is a trend towards increased consumption of poultry meat both in the Russian Federation and the global community. Under these conditions, simply producing high-quality poultry feed is not enough. Therefore, the authors propose to include the probiotic Levisel SB+ in poultry diets, a bacterial concentrate containing beneficial microorganisms with high enzymatic activity. This probiotic increases the quantity and improves the quality of products in the conditions of JSC “Prodo Poultry Farm Permskaya.”

The influence of cooling rate on the structure and properties of castings of hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron when they are modified with B, Bi, Sb, Sn, Ca

<abstract> <p>The article presents the results of a study of the influence of B, Bi, Ca, Sn, and Sb additives on the structure, composition, and properties of individual phases and mechanical properties of castings made of hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron (HCCI), similar in composition to G-X300CrMo27-1 cast iron. Additives of these elements were introduced into the melt before cooling at an amount of 0.2 wt.%. The ingots were obtained at a melt cooling rate in the crystallization range of 0.083–0.116 ℃/s and at 4.67–5 ℃/s. When studying the structure, the parameters and proportion of primary carbides, and the proportion of eutectic carbides were determined and a description was given of the change in the austenitic matrix. Using microprobe analysis and microhardness measurements, changes in the composition and hardness of primary, eutectic carbides and the matrix were determined. Hardness HV, bending strength, and abrasive wear resistance were determined. It has been shown that depending on the cooling rate, the effect of these additives on the structure and properties of castings changes. The mechanism of influence of these elements on the process of crystallization of primary carbides in HCCI is considered. Based on the data obtained, it is proposed to use Ca as a modifying additive when producing castings from HCCI of a hypereutectic composition under slow cooling conditions, and B under fast cooling conditions. This makes it possible to increase the wear resistance of castings.</p> </abstract>

Development of Mn-Mo-X-Y-Z-O based electrocatalytic materials for making hydrogen fuel from saline water

The efficacy of W, Sn, and Sb in Mn-Mo-O-based electrocatalysts explore their catalytic properties of oxygen evolution effectiveness, stability, and durability for hydrogen-energy production from saline water electrolysis. The composition, phase, and surface morphology of the electrodeposited Mn-Mo-X-Y-Z-O (X = W; Y = Sn; Z = Sb) electrocatalysts on the Ir-sn-Sb-O/Ti (TMO) electrode were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) techniques. The catalytic properties of the materials were studied using iodometrically and galvanostatic polarization methods in saline solution with 3 % NaCl in acidic (pH 1) conditions at room temperature (25 °C). Three sets of nano-phase Mn-Mo-X-Y-Z-O electrocatalysts are fabricated first time, which play significant roles in the production of sufficient amounts of hydrogen from saline water electrolysis. The fabricated electrocatalysts show nearly 100 % (i.e., 99.6–99.8 %) oxygen evolution efficiency (OEE) after the electrolysis of aqueous 3 % NaCl solution (pH 1; 25 °C) at 1000 A.m−2 current density (CD) for more than five months. The W, Sn, and Sb additions show the beneficial effects on the Mn-Mo-O-based catalysts to maintain high electron-conducting power and the OEE activities for a long time.

Effect of Sb content on the phase structure and interface structure of Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu lead-free solder

Based on the alloy Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu, Sb powder is added at a certain mass percentage to form the solder alloy Sn1.0Ag0.5CuxSb (x = 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt%). The melting point of the solder was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the alloy interface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was performed to analyze phase compositions. Thermo-Calc software was used to calculate the variation in phase content, the solidification curve, Gibbs energy, the driving force, liquid/solid phase lines, the phase diagram, and the nucleation radius of Sn1.0Ag0.5CuxSb(wt%). In addition, the calculation results were used to explain the interface growth mechanism. According to the results, the precipitation/transition temperature of each phase and the content of the newly formed phase SnSb gradually increased with the increase in Sb content. After the addition of Sb, both temperatures of the liquid-phase line and the solid-phase line slightly increased, and the calculated values showed the same trend as the measured values. Two heat absorption peaks were observed during the melting process. The Gibbs energy and nucleation radius of the Cu6Sn5 phase increased with the increase in Sb content, indicating that Sb can inhibit the growth of the Cu6Sn5 phase. The addition of Sb rendered the Sn-rich phase denser and finer and reduced the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer and the generation of cracks; these changes intensified with increasing aging time. Comprehensive analysis revealed optimal reliability of the solder for an Sb content of 0.5 wt%.

Structural, dielectric and electrical properties of Se96−xSn4Sbx(x = 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) glassy alloys

Structural, dielectric and electrical properties of the Se96−xSn4Sbx (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) glassy alloys, which were prepared by conventional melt quench technique were investigated. The binary sample (x = 0) is polycrystalline, consisting of nanorods stuck with nanoparticles, while the ternary samples (x = 2, 4, 6, and 8) are amorphous. Measured properties, such as the dielectric constant, loss, and conductivity, are found to be functions of temperature and frequency. Dielectric constant and loss are maximum for x = 0 composition and decreased significantly on the inclusion of Sb (ternary compositions). DC and AC conductivities are thermally activated processes for all compositions. With the addition of Sb in place of Se in the studied system, both conductivities have been reduced by several orders of magnitude, accompanied by a change in the conduction mechanism from the CBH model with NVAP to the CBH with IVPA.

Mechanical performance of advanced multicomponent lead-free solder alloy under thermal aging

Reliability of lead-free solders, used in harsh conditions such as in automotive, is still a serious concern. Simultaneous additions of multiple alloying elements like Bismuth (Bi), Antimony (Sb), Nickel (Ni) etc. to conventional Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) based solders have recently been investigated to improve their reliability. The additional elements can bring about the improvements through solid solution and precipitation strengthening. In this study, the effects of simultaneous additions of Bi, Sb and Ni to SAC 305 solder on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of the solder under thermal aging at 125 °C for up to 1008 hours are investigated. Superior microstructural stability and improved mechanical strength of the multicomponent alloy at long aging time and its fracture behavior are discussed. • Simultaneous additions of Bi, Sb, and Ni improve the microstructural refinement for SAC solder • Bi, Sb and Ni suppress the grain growth of SAC solder during thermal aging • Bi, Sb and Ni remain strength of SAC solder during thermal aging • Toughness of multicomponent solder is higher than SAC solder • SAC305 shows more ductile fracture than multicomponent solder in tensile testing

Influence of Sb Addition on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Electric Conductivity of Aluminum

Influence of Sb Addition on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Electric Conductivity of Aluminum

Combined effects of Bi and Sb elements on microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of Sn-0.7Ag-0.5Cu solder alloys

This research investigated the combined effects of addition of Bi and Sb elements on the microstructure, thermal properties, ultimate tensile strength, ductility, and hardness of Sn-0.7Ag-0.5Cu (SAC0705) solder alloys. The results indicated that the addition of Bi and Sb significantly reduced the undercooling of solders, refined the β-Sn phase and extended the eutectic areas of the solders. Moreover, the formation of SbSn and Bi phases in the solder matrix affected the mechanical properties of the solder. With the addition of 3 wt.% Bi and 3 wt.% Sb, the ultimate tensile strength and hardness of the SAC0705 base alloy increased from 31.26 MPa and 15.07 HV to 63.15 MPa and 23.68 HV, respectively. Ductility decreased due to grain boundary strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation strengthening effects, and the change in the fracture mechanism of the solder alloys.

Facile preparation of antimony sulfide and 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide composite nanomaterials modified fluorine-doped tin oxide glass for efficient detection of hydrazine

• A facile method for the preparation of a novel heterojunction of PTCDI and Sb 2 S 3 . • A novel chemical sensor used for quantitative detection of hydrazine. • Low detection limit (13.95 nM) and a wide linear range (1 μM–1000 μM). A novel heterojunctions of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) nanosheets coupled with antimony sulfide (Sb 2 S 3 ) nanorods were synthesized by two-step electrodeposition. The addition of the inorganic nanomaterial Sb 2 S 3 significantly improved the stability of the PTCDI organic nanomaterial, which already had excellent sensing properties for hydrazine. At the same time, the two materials formed a heterojunction to improve the efficiency of electron transfer when the composite electrode was used to detect hydrazine. The sensor’s response current generated by the electrochemical reaction displayed that the PTCDI/Sb 2 S 3 composite nanomaterials hold high electrocatalytic performance. The results exhibited that the obtained sensor had outstanding analytical performance according to the detection limit (13.95 ± 0.16 nmol·L −1 ), sensitivity (0.1678 μA·μmol −1 ·L·cm −2 , 0.1103 μA·μmol −1 ·L·cm −2 ).

Effects of micro-alloying with lead for battery grid material

Pb-alloys are used as grid material for lead-acid batteries and have been implemented for years, and studying these Pb-alloys is critical to understanding the effects minor alloying additions on material characteristics. The current objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of minor alloying additions of Sb, As, Ca, Sn, Al, In, and Bi in Pb-alloy grid material during thermal cycling. In this study, Pb-grid material alloyed with a combination of elements mentioned above are examined using high-energy Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction measurements during in situ thermal cycling from RT to 75 °C to analyze grain inhibition and potential phase evolution. In addition, sulfation studies are performed in a solution of approximately 0.5 M H2SO4 and the Pb-alloys are added to an electrochemical cell to undergo cyclic voltammetry. Results show In mitigates grain growth, and, during electrochemical testing, increases passivation of Pb-alloys. Bi causes increased grain growth during thermal cycling and promotes sulfate formation. Ca refines and stabilizes grains during thermal cycling and increases corrosion resistance during cyclic voltammetry testing. Sn and Al attribute to texturing in the material and increase corrosion rates.

Effect of rotating magnetic field on the microstructure and properties of Sn-Ag-Sb lead-free solder alloys

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the microstructure and properties of Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Sb lead-free solder alloys with and without a rotating magnetic field (RMF).Design/methodology/approachOptical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the effect of an RMF on the microstructure of the solders. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the influence of the RMF on the thermal characteristics of the solders. The mechanical properties of the alloys were determined by tensile measurements at different strain rates.FindingsThe ß-Sn grains and intermetallic compounds for the Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Sb lead-free solder alloys were refined under an RMF, and the morphology of the ß-Sn grains changed from dendritic to equiaxed. The pasty range was significantly reduced under an RMF. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Sn-3.5Ag improved under the RMF, whereas the UTS of Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Sb decreased slightly. The addition of Sb to the Sn-3.5Ag alloy significantly enhanced the UTS and elongation (El.%) of the samples. The UTS of the solder increased with increasing strain rate.Originality/valueThe results revealed that the application of RMF in the molten alloy had a significant effect on its microstructure and mechanical properties. The thermal characteristics of the Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Sb solder alloys were improved under the RMF. This research is expected to fill a knowledge gap regarding the behaviour of Sn-Ag solder alloys under RMF.

Synergistic effect of joint addition of Sb+Mn on high temperature strengthening in Al–4Cu heat-resistant alloy

The synergistic effect of joint addition of Sb + Mn on high temperature strengthening in Al–4Cu heat-resistant alloy was studied by sole and joint addition of Sb and Mn and tensile test at 300 °C. The microstructure evolution of the precipitation particles during the LTHE treatment (a long-time heat exposure at 300 °C for 100 h) was characterized by TEM-SAED and Elements-Mapping to reveal the high temperature strengthening mechanisms. It is found that the joint addition of trace Sb + Mn leads to an overflowing superimposition effect that significantly increase the values of σ0.2 at 300 °C in T5 and LTHE states. In Al–4Cu alloy, Sb micro-alloying can promote the precipitation of θ′ phases, however, during the LTHE treatment the phase transformation from θ′ to θ cannot be suppressed by it. Elements-Mapping images of Mn element strongly demonstrate that, during the LTHE treatment, Mn atoms are increasingly enriching in front of the growth interface of θ′ particles. This enrichment hinders the coarsening of θ′ particles and hence suppress the phase transformation from θ′ to θ during the LTHE treatment. It is the synergistic effect of Sb-induced promotion on the precipitation of θ′ particles and Mn-induced suppression on the coarsening of θ′ particles and phase transformation from θ′ to θ that leads to high density of fine θ′ particles still existing in the Al matrix after the LTHE treatment which still significantly strengthen the matrix. Therefore, the alloy with the joint addition of Sb + Mn has the highest value of σ0.2 at 300 °C in LTHE state among the studied alloys.

Effect of Bi, Sb, and Ti on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SAC105 Alloys.

The Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloys with a low Ag (Ag < 3 wt.%) content have attracted great attention owing to their low cost, increased ability in bulk compliance, and plastic energy dissipation. However, some of their mechanical properties are generally lower than the SAC alloys with a higher Ag content. Adding alloying elements is an effective approach for improving the mechanical properties of the SAC alloys. In this study, the effect of Bi, Sb, and Ti on Sn-1 wt.%Ag-0.5 wt.%Cu (SAC105) solder alloys was investigated. The SAC solders with four compositions: SAC105-1 wt.%Bi, SAC105-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb-0.4 wt.%Ti were prepared. The microstructure and phase compositions were characterized using electron scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties and wettability were also examined. Uniaxial tensile tests and nano-indentation tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results show that adding Bi or Sb could increase the strength of SAC105 alloys mainly due to the solid solution strengthening effect. The creep resistance of SAC105 alloys was also improved with the additions of Bi and Sb. The co-additions of Bi and Sb into SAC105 alloys exhibit an enhanced creep resistance than that calculated by the theoretical calculation. The further addition of Ti into SAC105-1Bi-1Sb alloys demonstrated a much-improved creep resistance, which could be attributed to the synergistic effects of both solid solution strengthening and the precipitation hardening effects.

Low-temperature dielectric relaxation associated with NbO6 octahedron distortion in antimony modified potassium sodium niobate ceramics

Although the antimony (Sb) has been widely used to modify potassium sodium niobate (KNN) ceramics for tailoring the phase structure and performance, the role of Sb still remains insufficiently understood, consequently hindering the understanding of the physical origin of high-performance KNN-based ceramics. Here, we combine the experiments and first-principles calculations to deeply reveal the effects of Sb on KNN ceramics. Our results reveal a re-entrant-like relaxation behavior near the rhombohedral-orthorhombic (R-O) phase transition at the low content of Sb, which transforms into a canonical one at higher content of Sb. First-principles calculations show a significantly decreased difference in the bond length of six B-O bonds of NbO6 octahedral in Sb-modified KNN ceramics compared to pristine KNN ceramics, responsible for the low-temperature re-entrant-like dielectric relaxation. Furthermore, the addition of Sb would soften the B-O repulsion and gradually break the long-range ferroelectric ordering, resulting in the occurrence of nanoscale domains and enhanced local heterogeneity. Finally, we find that the optimized piezoelectric properties are the trade-off between the long-range ferroelectric ordering and the local heterogeneity. Therefore, this work not only deeply reveals the effects of Sb on KNN ceramics from multi-scale perspectives but also helps the future composition design for achieving high piezoelectricity.

The Optimization of Dietary Protein Level and Carbon Sources on Biofloc Nutritive Values, Bacterial Abundance, and Growth Performances of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei) Juveniles.

A biofloc technology-based 75-day indoor growth trial in an 80 L glass aquaria was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different carbon sources (sugarcane bagasse, SB, and wheat flour, WF) on the biofloc composition, bacterial abundance, and growth of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) juveniles (0.23 ± 0.04 g). Three different levels of dietary protein content (250, 300, and 350 g protein kg−1 diet) and two carbon sources (SB and WF) were applied (SB250, WF250, SB300, WF300, SB350, and WF350, respectively), comparing to a controlled diet without biofloc and fed on a 450 g protein kg−1 diet (C450). With the addition of SB and WF, water quality was in the ideal recommended ranges for L. vannamei culture. At the end of the experiment, the biofloc volume increased with increasing dietary protein levels. The nutritional value of biofloc in different treatments was influenced by dietary protein and added SB and WF. Increasing dietary protein significantly increased the protein and lipid contents of the produced biofloc. The use of WF as a carbon source significantly increased lipids and nitrogen-free extract in the biofloc. The total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) count was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in WF300 and WF350 than in the other treatments. The mean effect of the protein levels and carbon source was significantly reported, whereas the highest significant THB count was recorded with 300 dietary protein and using WF as a carbon source. The growth performances of L. vannamei fed with biofloc treatments were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the C450 group. The highest final weight and weight gain were recorded in SB350 treatment. The feed conversion ratio was not affected by reducing dietary protein levels; meanwhile, the protein efficiency ratio increased significantly in biofloc treatments than in the control. Overall, the results demonstrate that, compared to the control treatment of 450 dietary protein, the biofloc treatments using WF as a carbon source could compensate for the reduction in the dietary protein levels in the diet of L. vannamei and maintain higher zootechnical performance.

Enhancing the electrical and thermal conductivity of polypropylene composites through the addition of Sb–SnO2/coal gasification fine slag porous microbead powder

Conductive powders comprised of coal gasification fine slag porous microbeads/antimony-doped tin oxide nanoparticles (Sb–SnO2/CM, ATCM) have been prepared via acid leaching and coating. The lowest powder volume resistivity of 2.6 × 103 Ω cm was obtained upon leaching in 20% HCl and coating with a 30 wt% solution of Sb–SnO2 (pH = 1, Sn/Sb = 6:1). Subsequently, we prepared a 20 wt% ATCM/polypropylene (PP) composite with a volume resistivity of 4.93 × 109 Ω cm, tensile strength of 29.03 MPa, and thermal conductivity of 0.137 W/(m·K), which reached 0.187 W/(m·K) at a 70 wt% loading. When compared with several commercial conductive fillers, such as carbon black, graphene, Sb–SnO2, and Sb–SnO2@TiO2, 20 wt% ATCM/PP has been proven superior or comparable to most of its counterparts in terms of the improved antistatic properties, enhanced thermal conductivity (only lower than Sb–SnO2@TiO2), and mechanical strength (equal to Sb–SnO2). These good performances were found to be derived from the unique ATCM structure with Sb–SnO2 nanoparticles deposited onto the mesopores and surface of CM. This structure prevents the agglomeration of Sb–SnO2 and provides abundant conductive networks. ATCM also shows a decorative light brown color and low cost (15 USD/kg), which are favorable for industrial production. Our results lay a theoretical foundation for the future applications of ATCM.