Samsung Heavy Industries Research Articles

Numerical Investigation of a Floating-Type Support Structure (Tri-Star Floater) for 9.5 MW Wind Turbine Generators

A numerical investigation of floating-type substructures for wind turbine generators was conducted by using time-domain simulation. A Tri-Star floater for 8–10 MW generators, which was developed by Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI), was chosen as the floating substructure. To make the anchor system, catenary mooring lines, considering redundancy, were installed on the floater. The main sources of external force on the wind turbine generator are wind, waves, and currents. To consider severe environmental conditions, Design Load Cases (DLCs) 1.6 and 6.1 of the IEC guidelines (IEC 61400-3-1) were chosen. From the measured environmental data for the installation site, the main parameters for the simulation conditions were obtained. The tilt angle and horizontal movement of the floater and the mooring tension for the different mooring systems were checked. The response of the floater during the failure of the mooring was also studied, and the critical failure of the mooring was confirmed. During the failure of the mooring, the redundancy system worked well, in which the movement of the floater was constrained within the criteria for all scenarios.

Международная инновационная активность компаний в области систем пассивного снижения теплопритоков

The article analyzes innovative activity in the technological direction of liquefied natural gas transportation based on trends in patent activity. An analysis of the dynamics of patenting new developments in this area showed a high level of innovative activity both on the part of major market players and in relation to individual authors. The study noted bursts of patent activity in certain periods associated with the development of scientific and technological progress. The most active national markets in this area are China, Japan and South Korea, but the European patent market also has potential for scaling. An assessment of the patent portfolios of companies has identified the most significant players in the market for liquefied natural gas transportation technologies in terms of the value of technical solutions patented by these companies: Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering, Chugoku Electric Power, Hyundai Heavy Industries, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Osaka Gas, Samsung Heavy Industries, Siemens. The authors give forecasts for the development of the considered technological niche in the corporate and regional context. The obtained results of the study can used in the formation of programs for the innovative development of organizations involved in the implementation of orders in the field of energy and transport.

Long-term approach for assessment of sloshing loads in LNG carrier, part II: Grouping method

Assessing the sloshing loads has been a significant issue in designing the cargo containment system (CCS) of a liquefied natural gas carrier (LNGC). The sloshing problem contains numerous physical and technical uncertainties. The long-term approach has been suggested to reduce the possible uncertainties, but it has not been a feasible option owing to the incalculable number of experimental cases. Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Hyundai Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Samsung Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Korean Register, and Seoul National University conducted extensive sloshing model tests for the 174 K S-LNGC. To consider the long-term approach, Part I describes the differences between short- and long-term approaches based on the guidelines of different classification societies. To address the significant number of experimental conditions required for the long-term approach, a grouping method is investigated (Part II). Although this grouping method is typically used in practical design, it has not been validated, and its applicability is yet to be determined. In Part II, the sea states are classified using 16 different grouping methods. The long-term exceedance probabilities and pressures are obtained individually and then compared with the results obtained from fully considering all sea states. After performing the general sloshing model test of the shipbuilding industry, the sloshing impact pressure of a liquefied natural gas cargo model is measured via 6DoF irregular simulations, where the upper section of the cargo hold structure is considered. Long-term pressures are locally and globally investigated and compared among 16 different sea states and all the sea states. Based on the results, the best grouping method is suggested for the long-term approach.

Long-term approach for assessment of sloshing loads in LNG carrier, Part I: Comparison of Short- and Long-term approaches

To assess the long-term sloshing loads of a liquefied natural gas carrier, Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Hyundai Heavy Industry Co., Ltd, Samsung Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. (SHI), Korean Register, and Seoul National University conducted a series of joint industrial experiments using a six-degree-of-freedom irregular sloshing model test. SHI provides a 174 K S-LNGC and its cargo hold information. To consider the numerous test conditions of the long-term approach, the present study focuses on the upper regions of the cargo hold structure, and feasible operating scenarios are assumed. A total of 3870 h at a real scale are simulated based on 387 sailing conditions. Extensive experimental results of sloshing loads are analyzed based on different guidelines suggested by different maritime classification societies. Part I of this study provides an assessment of sloshing loads based on a comparison of short- and long-term approaches distinguished by the guidelines, and the possible reference values are presented. A practical solution for the long-term approach will be discussed in Part II.

Development of Entering Order and Work-Volume Assignment Algorithms for the Management of Piping Components in Offshore Structure Construction

In the early 2010s, with rising oil prices and increasing purchase orders for offshore structures for deep-sea resource development, the shipyards that took these orders suffered unexpected losses. Unlike the construction of commercial carrier vessels, the construction of offshore structures necessary to develop deep-sea resources is difficult to manage due to the complexity of the outfitting process of the topside structure, which is a plant for gas and oil production and treatment. Piping components in particular, which comprise most of the design items, are difficult to manage because they involve 2 to 3 times the man-hours and up to 10 times the quantity of items compared to commercial carrier vessels. Due to not only high man-hours and quantity but also large fluctuations caused by design changes and long procurement lead times, process delays that result in delayed compensation frequently occurred. In response, Samsung Heavy Industries developed an integrated management system for piping components. This study describes the entering order optimization algorithm and work-volume assignment optimization algorithm, which are the core algorithms of this system. The entering order optimization algorithm determines the optimal installation order considering the procurement status of the piping components and the installation readiness status of the installation work site, through which it determines the entering order of the piping components. The algorithm seeks to accelerate the completion rate of installation of the piping components. Next, to minimize delivery delays of sub-contractors to the shipyard, this study developed a work-volume assignment optimization algorithm that can equalize the load on multiple sub-contractors considering the raw material readiness status and the production capacity of the sub-contractors, in terms of materials that must be ordered from external sub-contractors among the piping components whose entering order was determined. Finally, applying the algorithm developed using actual shipyard data resulted in an accelerated completion rate of installation and improved balance of load in terms of volume assigned to the sub-contractors.

Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation of Added Resistance on Ship in Waves

In this study, the added resistance of a liquefied natural gas carrier (LNGC) in the presence of waves is studied experimentally and numerically. The ship model is an LNGC designed by Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI). Experiments on ship motion responses and added resistance under head sea conditions were conducted at the Seoul National University and SHI. The influences of the experimental methods (captive and self-propulsion methods), incident wave amplitude, and regular and irregular wave conditions on the added resistance are evaluated using the same model ship set at different scales. In the numerical studies, the motion responses and added resistance are obtained using three methods—the strip method by adopting momentum conservation; Rankine panel method using pressure integration; and computational fluid dynamics method, using the difference in the resistances in waves and calm water. The experimental and numerical results under various conditions are compared, and the characteristics of the experimental and numerical results are discussed. 1. Introduction Unlike the resistance in calm water, additional resistance occurs because of winds, waves, current, and for other reasons in a seaway. This aforementioned resistance, caused by environmental conditions, is called an added resistance. Among the various types, the added resistance caused by water waves is investigated in this study.

The impact of design architecture choices on competitiveness: comparison of Korean and Japanese shipbuilding firms

This study examines why shipbuilding firms use both standardised and customised designs and analyses the impact of design architecture choices on competitiveness. Case study findings suggest that Korean and Japanese firms have different strategies. Hyundai Heavy Industry Corporation (HHIC)'s development processes utilise 'package unit' design for its suppliers. It has contributed reducing its production processes by half. Samsung Heavy Industry Corporation (SHIC) emphasises dual strategic options that integrate both standardisation and customisation orientations. Meanwhile, some Japanese companies are still successful. They adopt 'standardised ship' strategies making a bulk carrier which is not so complex or sophisticated. However, overall design is still customised for each requirement. Some successful companies adopt modularisation or closed-standardisation at the subsystem level for the design and manufacturing productivity. These cases show the probability of the ability of architectural dynamics contributing to the productivity and competitiveness in the matured technological category.

Electric-Energy Systems of Dynamic-Positioning Drilling Vessels

This article considers the characteristic features of the electric-energy systems of the dynamicpositioning drilling vessels Stena Drillmax of Samsung Heavy Industry dockyard, Discoverer Clear Leader of DSME-DAEWOO shipbuilding and Marine Engineering dockyard, and Pacific Scirocco of Maersk Viking dockyard. The electric-energy systems of the drilling vessels include four to eight generator sets connected to the main electric switchboards located in isolated machine compartments separated from each other by watertight and fire-resistant bulkheads to increase the survivability. The propulsion system includes, as a rule, six azimuth thrusters with semiconductor frequency converters. The main ways in which modernization is carried out of drilling-vessel electric-energy systems are to ensure the operation of the vessel power plants on a common bus without reducing the reliability of the power supply of the positioning system and realizing the idea of the split power islands in the electric-energy system using a modernized monitoring and protection system for diesel generators (AGS, AGP blocks), a system of electrical distribution, and a more efficient algorithm of functioning of the PMS automation system, which in the case of the accident allows localizing the emergency area within one main switchboard without deenergization.

The impact of design architecture choices on competitiveness: Comparison of Korean and Japanese Shipbuilding Firms

This study examines why shipbuilding firms use both standardised and customised designs and analyses the impact of design architecture choices on competitiveness. Case study findings suggest that Korean and Japanese firms have different strategies. Hyundai Heavy Industry Corporation (HHIC)'s development processes utilise 'package unit' design for its suppliers. It has contributed reducing its production processes by half. Samsung Heavy Industry Corporation (SHIC) emphasises dual strategic options that integrate both standardisation and customisation orientations. Meanwhile, some Japanese companies are still successful. They adopt 'standardised ship' strategies making a bulk carrier which is not so complex or sophisticated. However, overall design is still customised for each requirement. Some successful companies adopt modularisation or closed-standardisation at the subsystem level for the design and manufacturing productivity. These cases show the probability of the ability of architectural dynamics contributing to the productivity and competitiveness in the matured technological category.

Race in the Shipbuilding Industry: Cases of South Korea, Japan and China

The shipbuilding industry is enormously important to the South Korean economy. It serves as the backbone of survivals of many other industries in Korea. The success story of the Korean shipbuilding industry is the national pride for the Korean people because it started from scratch in the 1970s and reached the world number one position in just three decades. Top Korean shipbuilders such as Hyundai Heavy Industries, Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering and Samsung Heavy Industries have taken the top three ranking positions in the world as the finest and largest global shipbuilders. In the early 2000s, Korean shipbuilders were dominant enough to command nearly 40 percent of the global production in shipbuilding. Nonetheless, the situation has changed with the emergence of new competitors in the market. Chinese shipbuilders and the revived Japanese shipbuilders are now strong contenders in the industry and a threat to the Korean shipbuilders. Since 2014, the global shipping market has been hit hard with the sudden drop in crude oil price, and this change in demand tremendously affected the Korean shipbuilding industry. The Korean shipbuilding industry nearly collapsed in 2016, which prompted huge interventions from the Korean government. The unexpected changes within the shipbuilding industry shocked the Koreans. This article has two objectives. First, it aims to study what caused the sudden shift in the Korean shipbuilding industry. Second, to what extent have the Chinese and Japanese shipbuilders affected the Korean shipbuilders, and what is their current status in the global market? Ultimately, the article looks at the future faced by Korean shipbuilders due to the competition from China and Japan.

Novel scaling law for estimating propeller tip vortex cavitation noise from model experiment

The tip vortex cavitation (TVC) noise of marine propellers is of interest due to the environmental impacts from commercial ships as well as for the survivability of naval ships. Due to complicated flow and noise field around a marine propeller, a theoretical approach to the estimation of TVC noise is practically unrealizable. Thus, estimation of prototype TVC noise level is realized through extrapolation of the model TVC noise level measured in a cavitation tunnel. In this study, for the prediction of prototype TVC noise level from a model test, a novel scaling law reflecting the physical basis of TVC is derived from the Rayleigh-Plesset equation, the Rankine vortex model, the lifting surface theory, and other physical assumptions. Model and prototype noise data were provided by Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI) for verification. In applying the novel scaling law, similitude of the spectra of nuclei is applied to assume the same nuclei distribution in the tip vortex line of the model and the prototype. It was found that the prototype TVC noise level predicted by the novel scaling law has better agreement with the prototype TVC noise measurement than the prototype TVC noise level predicted by the modified ITTC noise estimation rule.

Calculation of Boil-Off Gas (BOG) Generation of KC-1 Membrane LNG Tank with High Density Rigid Polyurethane Foam by Numerical Analysis

Abstract Recently, a new type of LNG tank named “KC-1 membrane LNG tank” has been developed by Korean Gas Corporation (KOGAS), and Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI) is currently building KC-1 membrane type LNG carriers. Unlike other LNG tanks, the KC-1 membrane LNG tank has a single-insulation structure rather than a double-insulation structure. For a given tank’s boundary condition, heat transfer analysis is performed from the external to the internal environment of the LNG tank by numerical simulation for three tanks. In each tank, the main thermally resistant layer of insulation is assembled with a High density rigid Polyurethane Foam (H-PUF), which is blown with one of three different types of hydrofluorocarbons-namely-HFC-365mfc, 245fa, and 245fa-e (enhanced). Advantage of such blowing agents is that it has a lower Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) than HCFC-141b or carbon dioxide (CO2) that has been used in the past as well as having low thermal conductivity. A Reduced Order Model is utilized to a 3-dimensional section of the insulation to calculate equivalent thermal conductivity. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the insulation is then applied to the rest of LNG tank, reducing the size of tank simulation domain as well as computation time. Tank’s two external and internal boundary conditions used are those defined by the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC) and the United States Coast Guard (USCG) conditions. Boil-off Rate (BOR) of the tank that has the insulation with H-PUF blown with HFC-245fa resulted in 0.0927 %/day and 0.0745 %/day for IGC and USCG conditions, respectively.

FLNG innovation: discover development hotspots with patent landscaping

Innovation and corresponding patent activity in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) production field grew strongly over the period 1997–2016, reaching a peak in 2013–14. A patent landscaping analysis enabled a preliminary investigation of innovation foci, by technical subject matter, and those companies driving such innovation. Floating LNG (FLNG) innovation so far forms a small proportion of this activity, yet shipbuilding companies like Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering, Samsung Heavy Industries and Hyundai Heavy Industries are relatively dominant innovators, as measured by patent intensity, likely collaborating – for FLNG projects – with operating companies like Shell and ExxonMobil which are also significant, although statistically less dominant, innovators in the LNG production field. Patent landscaping analysis also showed that key foci for innovation appear in the fields of LNG storage tanks, carbon dioxide and boil-off gas management. Further investigations would provide more specific information about innovation occurring in these fields of LNG production.

Shturman Albanov: a new Russian icebreaking tanker

On 26 October 2015 the keel was laid for a remarkable new tanker at the Samsung Heavy Industries Shipyard, in Geoje, South Korea, the order having been placed by Sovcomflot, which operates the largest tanker fleet in Russia (Unicom Management Services (Cyprus) Ltd. 2015). The vessel was launched on 20 February 1916 and was named Shturman Albanov (Fig. 1). It is a shallow-draft icebreaking tanker of 42000 dwt (Unicom Management Services (Cyprus) Ltd. 2016) with a length of 249 m and the unusually large breadth for its tonnage, of 34 m, and a loaded draft of 9.5 m. Its ice-class is Arc7. Propelled by two 11 MW azipods (Fig. 2) (Sergey Frank, CEO of Sovcomflot, personal communication, July 2016) Shturman Albanov is capable of a speed of 14 knots. The azipods give it great manoeuverability and the capability of breaking ice up to 1.4 m thick when going ahead and 1.8 m thick when going astern. Registered in St. Petersburg and described as a shuttle tanker, it is designed specifically to haul oil from the Vorota Arktika (Gates of the Arctic) terminal near Mys Kamennyy, the terminal for Gazpromneft's Novoportovskoye field (Sergey Frank, CEO of Sovcmflot, personal communication, July 2016). The terminal is located on the east side of the Yamal Poluostrov, that is on the west shore of southern Obskaya Guba. This water-body is only about 10 m deep in places, which explains the need for a shallow-draft vessel, and for its unusually great breadth, in order to achieve maximum capacity. Another feature dictated by the shallow depths is that it is a bow-loading vessel. It will transport the oil year-round, west via Yuogorskiy Shar or Karskiye Vorota and across the Barents Sea to Murmansk where it will transfer its cargo to the storage tanker Umba. The delivery date for Shturman Albanov was 30 July (Staalesen 2016). In fact delivery and the naming ceremony took place on 20 July at Pusan, South Korea. The ship's captain is Vyacheslav Gafurov (Sergey Frank, CEO of Sovcomflot, personal communication, July 2016).

Migrant Workers Amidst the Waves of Volunteers: Participation and Empowerment in South Korean Migrant Advocacy

(ProQuest: ... denotes non-US-ASCII text omitted.)Volunteering Migrants, Kimpap halmoni, and the Society of Interdependence1On December 14, 2007, after one of the worst oil spills in South Korean history hit the Taean Peninsula about 95 miles southwest of Seoul, a newspaper ran the headline To Restore Foreign Workers Too Rolled Up Their Sleeves (Newsis 2007, emphasis added). This article covered the 30-some migrant workers from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Russia who participated as volunteers with the Korea Migrants' Center to help restore the damaged areas. following day, under the headline The Waves of Volunteers Clear the Damage of Taean, another article described how 70,000 volunteers, including children with their parents, the residents of Yeosu who also experienced similar damage, and workers, provided their support in the collective effort to clear the sludge (Hankyoreh 2007, emphasis added). article added that the wave of volunteers emotionally moved the clearing experts dispatched from the US and Spain. It then ended with an interview with Reverend Kim Hae Sung from the Korea Migrants' Center, who remarked on the volunteers as follows: Half of them are undocumented migrants and are busy from hand to mouth. However, they willingly joined to help by saying they also received Koreans' help in the time of the tsunami and earthquake (Hankyoreh 2007).2I would like to begin by intervening in the complex affects the above narratives mobilize. Here, one is faced with an extraordinary scene of civil responsibility and solidarity. While Samsung Heavy Industries, the party most responsible for the oil spills, was trying to evade paying out compensation, 500,000 volunteers actually cleaned up the damaged areas. It is this victory of civil solidarity and responsibility over corporate selfishness and irresponsibility that the above accounts seek to emphasize. figure of the migrant worker is put to an interesting use. First, the very adverbs that are used to emphasize the given occasion-as in foreign workers too and even workers-show how migrants' participation in this wave of volunteerism was unexpected and unsolicited. On a deeper level, then, the surprise points to the symbolic exclusion of migrant workers from the imagined community of South Korean civic participation and responsibility. biopolitical hierarchy and exclusion implied here place migrant workers in the category of those least expected to participate in the given wave of civic benevolence. Yet, it seems, the power of the story of the volunteering migrant workers lies in that it breaks expectations and, in so doing, has a strong social effect. Now, anyone who is better off than those undocumented migrant workers from hand to mouth is urged to participate in the collective giving.The recognition of volunteering migrant workers is taking place within what has been named topulo sanun sahoe (interdependent society), a discourse of an active, self-caring community that does not exclude the poor and the marginalized from its decree of giving. Rather, it is a discourse that has been fueled by episodes of exceptional giving by the poor and the excluded. figure of kimpap halmoni (granny) typically captures how this discourse works. By the kimpap halmoni, I am referring to cases of senior women who lived by selling kimpap3 and the like for most of their lives and who received publicity for donating their entire life savings (usually accumulated by leading incredibly frugal lifestyles) for the education of needy youth. dominant discourses that emerged around the phenomenon heavily moralized it, highlighting the sacrificial quality of the grannies' giving that was accentuated by their own difficult living (opnun salrimedo). social lesson of the kimpap halmoni discourse focused on emphasizing how one's poverty and personal difficulties could not be a pretext for not sharing. …

Culture clashes in cross-border mergers and acquisitions: A case study of Sweden's Volvo and South Korea's Samsung

This study investigates the way in which employees from acquiring and acquired firms experience cultural differences during post-acquisition integration. We examined Volvo Construction Equipment's acquisition of Samsung Heavy Industry's division of construction equipment. Two ontologically bipolar conceptualizations of culture – the classic and social constructivist concept of culture – are discussed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at Volvo Construction Equipment Korea twice over an 11-year interval, in 2001 and 2012, respectively. The results suggest that while the classic concept of culture correctly predicts what kinds of culture-dependent problems may occur during post-acquisition integration, the social constructivist concept of culture can better predict whether or not these problems may occur.

South Korea’s Interests in the Arctic

Since the early 2000s, South Korea's interest in the Arctic has gradually grown in parallel with the acceleration of the melting of the Arctic sea ice. This interest peaked on May 15, 2013, when South Korea obtained observer status in the Arctic Council. Afterward, the headlines of newspapers were full of rosy depictions of the enormous benefits that such status would bring to South Korea. One year later, however, interest in the Arctic seems to have cooled. This essay examines South Korea's interests in the Arctic. It addresses five sets of issues: South Korea's economic interests in the Arctic, obstacles to the development of these interests, South Korea's involvement in Arctic governance, the Arctic Policy Master Plan, and the challenges ahead for the country.South Korea's Economic Interests in the ArcticSouth Korea's keen interest in the Arctic is due to the expectation that the region could become a driver of economic growth similar to the Middle East during the construction boom in the 1970s. The reasoning behind these expectation can be divided into the following four categories.1First, it is expected that South Korea's companies and experts will participate actively in the development and exploitation of energy resources in the Arctic. The U.S. Geological Survey's report that 13% of the world's oil reserves (about 90 billion barrels) and 30% of all natural gas reserves (about 47 trillion cubic meters) are held in the Arctic has certainly piqued South Korea's interest.2 As of 2013, South Korea imported 61.8% of its oil from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates and about 53.3% of its natural gas from Qatar, Indonesia, and Malaysia.3 Currently, the South Korean government provides incentives for oil imported from outside the Middle East with the goal of diversifying imports and becoming less dependent on Middle East oil. Expert analysis indicates that South Korea would save approximately $1 billion annually in transportation costs if Arctic oil replaced just 10% of Middle East oil.4Second, interest in savings generated from using the Northern Sea Route (NSR) also encourages high economic expectations for the Arctic. Current sea routes connect South Korea with northern Europe through the Strait of Malacca and the Suez Canal. The NSR would decrease the transportation distance by 40% (about 8,000 kilometers, or 4,970 miles), thereby reducing travel time by up to ten days and cutting fuel costs by 25%.5 These gains would increase the competitiveness of South Korean products on the European market. Given that 99% of South Korea's trade volume is handled via shipping and that Northern Europe is one of the country's major trade partners, opening an Arctic route would significantly benefit the South Korean economy. In order to promote use of the NSR, the South Korean government provides various incentives such as discounts on charges for port usage. Because of such measures, Stena Polaris, a freighter operated by the South Korean logistics company Hyundai Glovis, completed South Korea's first commercial freight voyage via the Arctic Ocean on October 22, 2013, after taking only 35 days to make the journey from the Russian port of Ust-Luga to the South Koran port of Gwangyang.Third, there has been an increase in demand for offshore platforms and special vessels, such as icebreakers and ice-hardened ships, since the beginning of the new era of Arctic resource development and the opening of the Arctic sea routes. South Korean shipbuilders such as Hyundai Heavy Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries, and Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME) are among the most competitive companies in the world for production of these high-value-added ships. In March 2014, DSME won a $300 million order from Russia's state-owned shipping company Sovcomflot to construct an icebreaking liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier. This agreement is part of Russia's Yamal project, which is an initiative to develop the vast natural gas reserves (16. …

Shell Australia—preparing to operate prelude FLNG

Shell’s first floating LNG project is now well advanced and being constructed across global locations. As the steel and equipment comes together to form what will be the biggest floating facility built, Shell Australia is gearing up for the operation of Prelude FLNG. This extended abstract discusses the construction so far, including sharing imagery of the substructure and topsides in the Samsung Heavy Industries Yard in Geoje, South Korea. The progress on the world’s largest turret in Dubai and the final testing of subsea infrastructure in Malaysia are also covered. The challenges faced by Shell Australia in preparing for operations as the facility comes to life are also discussed. The business is working to build the right facilities, workforce, systems, and operations and maintenance capabilities to ensure that when the facility is towed and commissioned in a number of years, Shell Australia is ready to operate it to world-class standards for safety, reliability, and availability.

Propeller sheet cavitation noise source modeling and inversion

Propeller sheet cavitation is the main contributor to high level of noise and vibration in the after body of a ship. Full measurement of the cavitation-induced hull pressure over the entire surface of the affected area is desired but not practical. Therefore, using a few measurements on the outer hull above the propeller in a cavitation tunnel, empirical or semi-empirical techniques based on physical model have been used to predict the hull-induced pressure (or hull-induced force). In this paper, with the analytic source model for sheet cavitation, a multi-parameter inversion scheme to find the positions of noise sources and their strengths is suggested. The inversion is posed as a nonlinear optimization problem, which is solved by the optimization algorithm based on the adaptive simplex simulated annealing algorithm. Then, the resulting hull pressure can be modeled with boundary element method from the inverted cavitation noise sources. The suggested approach is applied to the hull pressure data measured in a cavitation tunnel of the Samsung Heavy Industry. Two monopole sources are adequate to model the propeller sheet cavitation noise. The inverted source information is reasonable with the cavitation dynamics of the propeller and the modeled hull pressure shows good agreement with cavitation tunnel experimental data.

Analyzing Culture Clashes in Post-acquisition Integration between Volvo and Samsung

This study investigates the way in which employees from acquiring and acquired firms experience cultural differences during post- acquisition integration. We examined Volvo Construction Equipment¡¯s acquisition of Samsung Heavy Industry¡¯s division of construction equipment. Two ontologically bipolar conceptualizations of culture - the classic and social constructivist concept of culture – are discussed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at Volvo Construction Equipment Korea twice with 11-year interval in 2001 and 2012 respectively. The results suggest that while the classic concept of culture correctly predicts what kinds of culture-dependent problems may occur during post- acquisition integration, the social constructivist concept of culture can better predict whether these problems may occur, or not.