The hill-land along the Sai River in Nagano Pref. is frequent in landslide. The upper part of the hill-land often contains the pyroclastic rock layers. When the valleys dissecting the hill-land is buried by dissolved pyroclastic rock, the landslide activities on and around the subsurface valleys are as characteristic as observed at Nishigawara and Chausuyama landslide areas in Nagano-city.1) Deposits filling the subsurface valleys scarcely slide secondarily; the landslide often transit and extend outward of subsurface valleys.2) Subsurface valleys may be the veins of ground-water, which promotes the sliding activity in and around subsurface valleys; especially, large-scale landslides are liable to occur at the terminal of subsurface valleys.3) Around subsurface valleys, the mountain streams show such unnatural phenomena as the discontinuity of valleys, the disappearance of the heads of former valleys or the new tributaries formed on both sides of subsurface valleys.