Safety In Numbers Research Articles

Anacetrapib for Lipid Management: Safety in Numbers

Anacetrapib is a new drug that raises HDL levels and reduces LDL levels by inhibiting the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Another CETP

“Safety in Numbers” re-examined: Can we make valid or practical inferences from available evidence?

“Safety in Numbers” re-examined: Can we make valid or practical inferences from available evidence?

Safeguarding women and children from abuse

Preventing violence to women and children in the home; a review of the literature/Interventions to support victims of domestic violence: The ‘Safety in numbers’ project/Preventing sexual violence to young women...

Safety in numbers

Safety in numbers

Safety in numbers: Mathematics offers innovative weapons for fighting terrorism

Science NewsVolume 178, Issue 2 p. 18-21 Feature Safety in numbers: Mathematics offers innovative weapons for fighting terrorism Laura Sanders, Laura SandersSearch for more papers by this author Laura Sanders, Laura SandersSearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 July 2010 https://doi.org/10.1002/scin.5591780224AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume178, Issue217 July 2010Pages 18-21 RelatedInformation

Safety in numbers: extinction arising from predator‐driven Allee effects

Experimental evidence of extinction via an Allee effect (AE) is a priority as more species become threatened by human activity. Kramer & Drake (2010) begin the International Year of Biodiversity with the important--but double-edged--demonstration that predators can induce an AE in their prey. The good news is that their experiments help bridge the knowledge gap between theoretical and empirical AEs. The bad news is that this predator-driven AE precipitates the prey extinction via a demographic AE. Although their findings will be sensitive to departures from their experimental protocol, this link between predation and population extinction could have important consequences for many prey species.

Safety in numbers: mathematics support centres and their derivatives as social learning spaces

This article reports on data gathered from second and third year mathematics undergraduates at two British universities which have developed Mathematics Support Centres, primarily with a view to supporting skills development for engineering students. However, an unforeseen consequence of the support centres was the mathematics students’ colonisation of the physical space, and the development of group learning strategies which involve a strong community identity. Drawing on a socio‐cultural theoretical framework, based primarily in the concept of a figured world, the article explores the students’ perceptions of mathematics learning and their experiences of university‐level teaching, focusing on the ways in which they collectively build images of themselves as participants in an undergraduate mathematics community, resourced by the physical safe spaces that they have created, and which they now regard as essential sites of their learning.

Nurses and Hospitals—together, and Not

Two recent books about how hospitals are organized illustrate the essential tension over a fundamental dynamic of society. Safety in Numbers argues that an indispensible element of hospital patient safety is mandated nurse-to-patient ratios and that those will be achieved only when nurses force the change on hospitals. Hospital, on the other hand, is a journalistic account of one hospital; while acknowledging elements of conflict, it suggests that shared vision and workplace bonds are what hold together at least this particular hospital. What emerges from both works is a sense that the business of operating hospitals tends to be a very human one that typically achieves results through rather messy processes. These lines of thought are crucial as the nation contemplates what it really wants in its health care system—and how on earth to achieve it.

Are Reporting Standards of Diagnostic Test Evaluation Unrealistic?

The history of methods of diagnostic test evaluation not surprisingly includes authorities with an interest in rheumatology. One was Prof. Donald Mainland, a “plain language” medical statistician better known (by some) for the early work he undertook with the Cooperating Clinics Committee of the American Rheumatism Association in developing a composite index of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. In Elementary Medical Statistics2 (which I recommend to all young clinician scientists) Prof. Mainland set out questions for use in planning investigations and in evaluating their reports. In subsequent decades many excellent journal publications and texts offered advice on study design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation3–6. In 2003 the Statement for Reporting Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) (http://www.stard-statement.org/) was published by several journals. STARD is a checklist of items for reporting studies of diagnostic accuracy7. Diagnostic test evaluation is particularly difficult when the test involves inconvenience for patient and researcher (time or cost) or when the test itself has intrinsic clinical (face) validity. These characteristics are clearly relevant to contemporary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research. In this issue of The Journal, Olech, et al 8 are to be congratulated for undertaking a large and blinded comparison of MRI abnormalities in healthy controls and in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). No previous study has both been blinded and contained sufficiently large numbers of healthy controls to comprehensively evaluate the performance of MRI. However, even this commendable study fails to meet some reporting standards set out by STARD and others. Are standards set by medical statisticians and clinical epidemiologists unrealistic? Prof. Mainland’s 1957 paper “Safety in Numbers,” itself a wordplay on the numbers needed for statistical significance and the value of a collaborative process that involves clinicians and “biometricians,” is instructive in this regard9 … Address correspondence to Prof. Lassere; E-mail: Marissa.lassere{at}sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au

Safety in Numbers Can Be an Illusion

Safety in Numbers Can Be an Illusion

Is There Safety in Numbers? The Effects of Forecast Accuracy and Forecast Boldness on Financial Analysts' Credibility with Investors*

Contemporary Accounting ResearchVolume 26, Issue 3 p. 933-968 Is There Safety in Numbers? The Effects of Forecast Accuracy and Forecast Boldness on Financial Analysts' Credibility with Investors* Kathryn Kadous, Kathryn Kadous Emory UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorMolly Mercer, Molly Mercer Arizona State UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorJane Thayer, Jane Thayer University of GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author Kathryn Kadous, Kathryn Kadous Emory UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorMolly Mercer, Molly Mercer Arizona State UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorJane Thayer, Jane Thayer University of GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 January 2010 https://doi.org/10.1506/car.26.3.12Citations: 29 * Accepted by Hun-Tong Tan. The authors appreciate the helpful comments of George Benston, Jake Birnberg, Jason Brown, Jeff Busse, Shana Clor-Proell, Harry Evans, Jenny Gaver, Clifton Green, Vicky Hoffman, Artur Hugon, Keith Jones, Jay Koehler, Lisa Koonce, Bob Libby, Don Moser, Karen Shastri, Bill Tayler, Donald Young, and workshop participants at Arizona State University, Cornell University, University of Georgia, Georgia State University, University of Kansas, University of Pittsburgh, Texas State University, University of Utah, the 2006 ABO Research Conference, the 2006 SESARC Conference, and the 2007 annual meeting of the American Accounting Association. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume26, Issue3Fall 2009Pages 933-968 RelatedInformation

Safety in numbers: Physicians joining forces to seal the cracks during transitions

Safety in numbers: Physicians joining forces to seal the cracks during transitions

The non-linearity of risk and the promotion of environmentally sustainable transport

The non-linearity of risk and the promotion of environmentally sustainable transport

Safety in Numbers. Nurse to Patient Ratios and the Future of Health Care

Safety in Numbers. Nurse to Patient Ratios and the Future of Health Care

Safety in Numbers

Abstract How do we behave in emergencies? If fire breaks out in a building do we act as thinking individuals, or as chaotic panicking automata? Safety officers have to know—and Steven Gwynne says that they lack the data.

Drug Abuse by Adolescents: General Considerations

1. Ximena Sanchez-Samper, MD* 2. John R. Knight, MD* 1. *Center for Adolescent Substance Abuse Research, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Mass After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Discuss current trends in adolescent substance use and the specific substances used most commonly among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders. 2. Identify risk and protective factors, including genetic and environmental correlates, for the initiation of substance use in adolescents. 3. Discuss the most common concomitant mental health disorders and how they can affect the course of diagnosis and treatment for substance abuse. 4. Delineate the variety of treatment options available. 5. Describe the role of the pediatrician in educating patients and families on substance abuse prevention; performing screening and initial assessments; and providing support, brief counseling, or referrals for in-depth treatment. Adolescence is a time of physical, emotional, and psychological maturation as well as a period of searching for independence and experimentation. One area of experimentation associated with adolescence is substance use. (1) Although many adolescents experiment with drugs and alcohol from time to time without enduring problems, those who develop the disorders of substance abuse and dependence make substance use a major public health concern. The Monitoring the Future Study (MTFS) is a nationwide survey measuring smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use among nearly 50,000 8th, 10th, and 12th graders in more than 400 secondary schools in the United States each year. (2)(3) According to the 2006 overview of findings from the MTFS, approximately one fifth (21%) of today's 8th graders, more than one third (36%) of 10th graders, and nearly half (48%) of all 12th graders reported using an illicit drug at least once during their lifetimes. Despite a minimum legal age requirement to purchase alcohol, 6% of 8th graders, 19% of the 10th graders, and 30% of the 12th graders self-reported drunkenness during the month prior to being interviewed. (2)(3) Among the problems experienced by adolescents who use alcohol and drugs are …

Safety in Numbers: Nurse-to-patient ratios and the future of health careSafety in Numbers: Nurse-to-patient ratios and the future of health care Gordon Suzanne Buchanan John and Bretherton TanyaCornell University Press, New York NY272£12.95978-0801446832080144683X

This book is an excellent introduction to the issue of nurse-patient ratios. It addresses the importance of knowing the difference between the number of nurses you have, and the number you need. It also has a good analysis of the arguments for and against ratios.

Do audience effects lead to relaxed male sexual harassment?

Several recent studies reported on so-called audience effects in male Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana), in which the visual presence of a potential rival affects male sexual activity. We asked whether and how audience effects interact with male sexual harassment. Poecilia mexicana almost constantly attempt to mate, while females are mostly non-responsive to male approaches. Females flee from this sexual harassment and, thus, are more vigilant in the presence of males, so females may have hampered feeding opportunities. Do audience effects lead to altered male sexual harassment? Focal females were given an opportunity to feed in the presence of a male or a female partner and the difference in feeding times was interpreted as an effect caused by male harassment. Tests were conducted without an audience (1), or an audience male was visually presented either directly inside the test tank (2), or further away (in an adjoining compartment (3)). We found that levels of pre-mating behaviour did not vary significantly among treatments, but males exhibited more copulation attempts (thrusting) in treatment (3), suggesting that males respond to increased risk of sperm competition with higher sperm expenditure. Females fed less (and started feeding later) when a harassing partner male was around, and this effect was not dependent on the audience treatment, but, overall, females spent more time feeding (and started feeding earlier) when an audience was presented. Hence, feeding time reductions appear to be independent of audience effects, but perceived 'safety in numbers' may lead to increased foraging in larger groups.

Book Review: Economic and Social Security and Substandard Working Conditions: Safety in Numbers: Nurse-to-Patient Ratios and the Future of Health Care

Book Review: Economic and Social Security and Substandard Working Conditions: Safety in Numbers: Nurse-to-Patient Ratios and the Future of Health Care

Is There Safety in Numbers? The Effects of Forecast Accuracy and Forecast Boldness on Financial Analysts' Credibility with Investors

Is There Safety in Numbers? The Effects of Forecast Accuracy and Forecast Boldness on Financial Analysts' Credibility with Investors