Perceptions Of Safety Culture Research Articles

Effect of Nurses’ Professionalism, Work Environment, and Communication with Health Professionals on Patient Safety Culture (AHRQ 2.0.): A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study

Aims. To identify nurses’ professionalism, work environment, and communication with healthcare professionals as factors influencing clinical nurses’ perception of patient safety culture. Background. Patient safety is a representative indicator of the quality of nursing care. A multidisciplinary approach, including individual and organizational components, is needed to improve patient safety culture. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2021 involving a total of 271 nurses in six tertiary hospitals. Data were collected from participants on nurse professionalism, work environment, communication, and patient safety culture. A multiple regression model was used to analyze variables influencing patient safety culture. Results. Factors affecting patient safety culture were nursing foundations for quality of care (β = 0.230, p < 0.001 ), nurse manager ability, leadership, support of nurses (β = 0.294, p < 0.001 ), and collegial nurse-physician relations (β = −0.138, p = 0.026 ) in the nursing work environment. Accuracy (β = 0.117, p = 0.007 ), shift communication (β = 0.128, p = 0.026 ), satisfaction (β = 0.283, p = 0.001 ), and timeliness (β = 0.239, p < 0.001 ) of communication between healthcare professionals and nurses have a significant impact on patient safety culture. All these predictors accounted for 59% (R2) of patient safety culture awareness ( p < 0.001 ). Conclusions. Enhancing patient safety culture requires a systematic and organizational approach that considers individual characteristics. Nurse managers play a crucial role in promoting patient safety by employing various communication channels and leading team education and training initiatives to foster collaboration among healthcare professionals. Implications for Nursing Management. The provision of patient safety education directly influences patient safety culture, and continuous education enables nurses to grow within the institution. To ensure effective communication in healthcare settings, nurse managers should prioritize shift communication, evaluate the accuracy of information exchange, and establish diverse communication channels, including social media platforms or business messengers, for internal hospital communication.

Safety climate perceived by pre-hospital emergency care personnel-an international cross-sectional study.

Improving patient safety is one of the most critical components of modern healthcare. Emergency medical services (EMS) are, by nature, a challenging environment for ensuring patient safety. It is fast-paced, physically dangerous, and highly stressful, requiring rapid decision-making and action. This can create risks not only for patients but also for employees. We assessed variations in perceptions of safety culture in prehospital emergency care among an international sample of paramedics and nurses. The Emergency Medical Services Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (EMS-SAQ) was used for the study. The instrument measures six domains of safety culture in the workplace: teamwork climate, job satisfaction, safety climate, working conditions, stress recognition, and perceptions of management. A total of 1,128 EMS from 9 countries participated in this study. Safety Climate was 81.32/100 (SD 6.90), Teamwork Climate 84.14/100 (SD 8.74), Perceptions of Management 76.30/100 (SD 10.54), Stress Recognition 89.86/100 (SD 5.70), Working Conditions 81.07/100 (SD 9.75), and Job Satisfaction 70.71/100 (SD 7.21). There was significant variation in safety culture scores across countries for teamwork climate (TWC), working conditions (WC), and job satisfaction (JS). Among the individual variables (age, gender, level of education, and work experience), variations in safety culture scores were unaffected by age, gender, or work experience. Organizational characteristics: employment status and position type were linked to significant variations in safety culture domain scores. Participants' perceptions of the patient safety climate were not particularly satisfactory, confirming that there is still a need to develop a culture of patient safety in prehospital emergency care.

The Effects of Patient Safety Culture Perception and Safety Control on the Patient Safety Management Activities of Psychiatric Ward Nurses

Purpose: To provide basic data to find ways to increase the patient safety management activities of psychiatric ward nurses and establish measures for patient safety.Methods: The research was conducted with psychiatric nurses who had worked for > 6 months in 9 psychiatric hospitals across 3 regions. Data collection spanned June 16 to July 7, 2022, the research tools being patient safety culture perception, safety control, and patient safety nursing activities.Results: A hierarchical regression analysis showed the factors influencing patient safety management activities. In Model 1, factors of the position of the subject and number of accident reports in the past year appeared significant (F=6.63, <i>p</i><.001); the explanatory power was 9.8 %. In Model 2, patient safety culture perception appeared significant (F=15.26, <i>p</i><.001); explanatory power increased to 45.1 %. In Model 3, safety control appeared significant (F=14.63, <i>p</i><.001); explanatory power increased to 46.6 %. Among the perceptions of patient safety culture, communication, and procedures, incident-reporting frequency and hospital environment were identified as significant.Conclusion: The factors for psychiatric nurses' patient safety management activities are patient safety culture perception and safety control. Patient safety culture perception is a particularly important factor, and a strategy is needed to increase it.

All Aboard: Gender Diversity and Safety Culture on the Track

Women have been historically underrepresented in both craft and management positions in the U.S. rail industry. Identified as one of the industry’s top workforce challenges, the present study provides a more detailed view of gender diversity in rail transportation, and how factors such as gender and management status interact to affect perceptions of safety culture in a sample of U.S. short line and regional railroads (Nrailroads = 23, Nrailroaders = 1,239). The results suggested that women tended to be older than men, have more education, and were more likely to be employed at larger organizations. Despite being employed in the railroad industry for fewer years than men, women in our sample were also more likely to be managers. With regard to safety culture, managers had more positive perceptions than craft employees, and female craft employees had more positive perceptions than male craft employees. Implications for the industry and avenues for future research and implementation are discussed.

Psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the nursing home survey on patient safety culture.

The development of resident safety culture in nursing homes (NH) represents a major challenge for governments and NH owners, with a requirement for suitable tools to assess safety culture. Indonesia currently lacks suitable safety cultures scales for NH. To evaluate the psychometric properties of the translated Indonesian version of the Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture (NHSOPSC-INA). This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted using NHSOPSC-INA. A total of 258 participants from 20 NH in Indonesia were engaged. Participants included NH managers, caregivers, administrative staff, nurses and support staff with at least junior high school education. The SPSS 23.0 was used for descriptive data analysis and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) estimation. The AMOS (version 22) was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the questionnaire's dimensional structure. The NHSOPSC CFA test originally had 12 dimensions with 42 items and was modified to eight dimensions with 26 items in the Indonesian version. The deleted dimensions were 'Staffing' (4 items), 'Compliance with procedure' (3 items), 'Training and skills' (3 items), 'non-punitive response to mistakes' (4 items) and 'Organisational learning' (2 items). The subsequent analysis revealed an accepted model with 26 NHSOPSC-INA items (root mean square error of approximation = 0.091, comparative fit index = 0.815, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.793, CMIN = 798.488, df = 291, CMIN/Df = 2.74, GFI = 0.782, AGFI = 0.737, p < 0.0001) and a factor loading value of 0.538-0.981. Expert feedback confirmed the relevance of the instrument items (content validity index [CVI] = 0.942). The modified NHSPOSC-INA model with eight dimensions (26 items) fits the data set in the context of Indonesian NH services. The NHSPOSC-INA is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing staff perceptions of NH resident safety culture in Indonesia. The questionnaire can now be used to evaluate interventions for resident safety in Indonesian NH.

Clinical nurse competence and its effect on patient safety culture: a systematic review

BackgroundUnsafe health practices are one of the leading causes of disability and even death. Competent nurses are crucial to ensure safe and high-quality healthcare services. The patient safety culture is concerned with internalizing safety beliefs, values, and attitudes, translating them into healthcare practices, and committing to maintaining an error-free health environment. A high level of competence ensures the achievement and compliance with the safety culture goal. This systematic review aims to identify the relationship between the level of nursing competence and the safety culture score and perception among nurses at their workplace.MethodsFour international online databases were searched to find relevant studies published between 2018 and 2022. Peer-reviewed articles using quantitative methods, targeting nursing staff, and written in English were included. After reviewing 117 identified studies, 16 full-text studies were included. The PRISMA 2020 checklist for systematic reviews was used.ResultsEvaluation of the studies indicates safety culture, competency, and perception were assessed using various instruments. Safety culture was generally perceived as positive. No unique and standard tool has been developed to investigate the effect of safety competency on the perception of the safety culture in a standardized way.ConclusionsExisting research provides evidence of a positive correlation between nursing competence and patient safety score. Future research is recommended to investigate ways to measure the effect of nursing competency level on safety culture in healthcare institutions.

Assessing patient safety culture among healthcare professionals in Ibadan South-west region of Oyo State, Nigeria

Objectives Patient safety culture is essential to improve care, prevent adverse events, and deliver quality healthcare service. The levels of patient safety culture and adverse events in Nigerian healthcare institutions are still widely underreported. The main objective of this study was to assess patient safety culture among healthcare professionals in primary and secondary healthcare facilities in Ibadan South-west local government area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods In this cross-sectional study, investigators collected data with the English version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture version 2.0 questionnaire. They analyzed data using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software with descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and one-way analysis of variance. Results A total of 271 healthcare professionals participated in the study. Study findings showed the overall perception of patient safety culture to be 72.1%. Among patient safety dimensions, Teamwork (88.5%) and Reporting Patient Safety Events (47.4%) were the highest and lowest percentage of positive responses, respectively. Conclusions Patient safety culture is an emerging concept in Nigeria. The assessed dimensions showed the need to improve the safety culture among healthcare professionals. Therefore, stakeholders, policymakers, and managers should employ policies, strategies, and programs to enhance safety culture across all healthcare institutions.

Patient safety culture among community pharmacists in Cairo

BackgroundMeasuring perception of patient safety culture among pharmacists working in community pharmacies is crucial to identify opportunities and areas that require improvement. The aim of this work is to measure patient safety culture among pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Cairo.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists working in community pharmacies in the center and south regions of Cairo. The Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture (PSOPSC), developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) was used to collect data.ResultsThe study included 210 community pharmacies with a 95% response rate. The mean age of pharmacists was 28 ± 5.4 years. The overall positive response percentage (PRP) ranged between 35 and 69% with a mean of 57.4%. The highest PRP was identified in the domains of “teamwork” (68.97%), “organizational learning–continuous improvement” (64.93%) and “patient counseling” (61.83%). The PRP was less than 60% in 6 out of the 11 composites. The lowest PRP was found in the domain of “staffing, work pressure, and pace”, which scored 34.98%.ConclusionThe study identified areas of patient safety culture that require improvement in community pharmacies, especially in allocating staff, appropriate working hours, and training community pharmacists on the importance and principles of patient safety. The overall mean PRP of patient safety culture among community pharmacists highlights the need to include patient safety as the strategic priority at the level of community pharmacies.

Investigation of the Correlation Between Biological Factors and Safety Culture Perceptions of Hospital Cleaning Staff

Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the degree to which cleaning staff in public hospitals have adopted work health and safety activities and safety culture perceptions and converted these to behavior. Material and Method: The population for the research comprised 565 cleaning staff employed in a total of 12 secondary health institutions and tertiary health institutions linked to the union of public hospitals located in Giresun provincial center and counties. Data in the study were collected with a survey form including questions about sociodemographic features, working conditions, and knowledge, attitudes and behavior about biological factors and the Safety Culture Scale.Results: According to participant knowledge about biological factors causing infectious disease, only the fatalism subscale among safety culture perception levels was significant (p

Nurses' perceptions of patient safety culture: a local phenomenon?

Background/Aims Patient safety culture is the product of values, beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and individual and collective behaviour patterns. Nurses often have the most contact with patients, so their perceptions of patient safety are crucial. This study aimed to assess perceptions of patient safety culture among nurses at a hospital in Spain. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an adapted version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. All 244 nurses working in a hospital in Spain took part. Respondents reported their perceptions of patient safety culture in their department in 12 domains using a 5-point Likert scale, with additional questions measuring overall perceptions of patient safety culture, personal and professional characteristics, and the proportion of respondents who had reported a patient safety incident in the previous year. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was performed using Jamovi software to identify relationships between variables. Results None of the 12 domains had a positive response rate (over 75%), indicating a generally weak patient safety culture. Perceptions of patient safety culture varied between departments, and were also affected by respondents' professional characteristics, such as their years of experience and whether they held a managerial role. Conclusions Further research and intervention is needed to improve patient safety cultures. It may be useful to assess patient safety culture and tailor strategies for improvement according to the specific needs of individual departments.

Factors Affecting Nursing Surveillance Activity among Clinical Nurses.

Nursing surveillance is a defense mechanism that protects patients from adverse events, as it is a systematic process that contributes to nurses' detection of and intervention in dangerous situations. This descriptive cross-sectional study examined the degree of nursing surveillance activity performed by clinical nurses, nurses' perceived importance of nursing surveillance, and their perception of patient safety culture. The study aimed to identify the predictors of nursing surveillance activity. Participants included 205 clinical nurses from two secondary hospitals and two tertiary hospitals in Changwon-si and Cheongju-si, South Korea, who had at least one year of clinical experience. Nursing surveillance activity was high among nurses who were assigned fewer than 1.88 patients, who worked in a tertiary hospital, and those who scored 7.0 or higher in nurses' perceived expertise. Nursing surveillance activity was significantly positively correlated with nurses' perceived importance of nursing surveillance and patient safety culture. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of nursing surveillance activity. Nurses' perceived expertise, perceived importance of nursing surveillance, patient safety culture, and type of hospital explained 65.3% of the variance of nursing surveillance activity. This study is significant as it provides an assessment of the extent and key predictors of nursing surveillance activity.

Radiographers' perception of patient safety culture in radiology

IntroductionRadiographers play a central role in patient safety because of their knowledge of and responsibilities in relation to the imaging process. To maintain safe care, the workplace must create a safety culture that enables sustainable safety work. AimThis study aims to describe radiographers' perceptions of the patient safety culture in radiology units in Sweden. MethodsThe Swedish Hospital Survey of Patients' Safety Culture (S-HSOPSC) was used to gather descriptive data from 171 Swedish registered radiographers working in five radiology clinics distributed across 15 units. Fifty-one questionnaire items and one open-ended question were analysed, comprising perceptions of the overall safety grade, the frequency of number of reported risks and events, and 14 composites regarding patient safety dimensions. ResultsThe radiographers' concerns surrounding the patient safety culture in their workplaces related to weaknesses regarding the safety dimensions “Staffing”, “Frequency of error reporting”, “Organizational learning – continuous improvement” and “Executive management support for patient safety”. They perceived “Teamwork within the unit” to be a strength. ConclusionDespite some weaknesses in the patient safety culture, the radiographers perceived that the overall patient safety level was good, in part because of their ability to spot risks in time. The executive management, however, needed to improve their feedback on safety measures; and another reason for some weaknesses in the patient safety culture could be staffing issues such as lack of time for meetings for continuous improvement. Managers and leaders have a great responsibility to establish a patient safety culture through support and good leadership. Implications for practiceAn understanding of what creates a safety culture is important to prevent patient safety incidents.

486 Safety Culture in Irish Community Pharmacies: a cross-sectional study using the Community Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture

Abstract Introduction Safety culture is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, an organisation’s health and safety management.(1) Community pharmacists play a vital role in ensuring optimum medication safety however the study of patient safety culture in this setting is less developed than in secondary care. Aim The study aim was to measure patient safety culture in Irish community pharmacies using the validated Community Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture (PSOPSC).(2) Methods The survey consisted of 39 questions based on a 5-point Likert scale, within 11 dimensions. Demographic questions were asked including the pharmacist’s role within the pharmacy. A free-text box allowed respondents to give comments on the survey topic. The online questionnaire, hosted on Microsoft Forms, was emailed to all 3943 community pharmacists registered with the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland in November 2021. A reminder email was sent 14 days later. Data were analysed in Microsoft Excel. Categorical data were presented as frequencies (%). The positive rate response (PRR) of each survey question and dimension was calculated.(2) The PRR is the mean percentage of positive Likert scale responses to each item and each dimension of the survey. A PRR &amp;gt;75% indicated a strong safety culture, while a PRR &amp;lt;50% indicated a dimension that may be improved upon. Free-text responses were explored by thematic analysis. Results The survey was completed by 173 pharmacists, response rate 4.5%. Of these, 33 (19.1%) were superintendent pharmacist, 65 (37.6%) supervising pharmacist, 53 (30.6%) staff pharmacist and 22 (12.7%) locum pharmacist. The mean %PRR across the 11 survey dimensions was 72.3%. Individual statements with highest PRR were “Our pharmacists tell patients important information about their new prescriptions” (PRR=91.3%) and “Staff are treated fairly when they make mistakes” (PRR=87.3%). Individual statements with lowest PRR were “Interruptions/distractions in this pharmacy (from phone calls, faxes, customers, etc.) make it difficult for staff to work accurately” (PRR=6.4%) and “We feel rushed when processing prescriptions” (PRR=8.1%). The dimension of “Organizational Learning-Continuous Improvement” demonstrated the highest PRR (81.6%), followed by “Response to Mistakes” (PRR=81.2%). The dimension of “Staffing, work pressure and pace” demonstrated the lowest PRR (35.6%). Respondents rated overall patient safety in their pharmacy as excellent/very good/good (88.4%). Differences in perception of patient safety emerged between pharmacists with different levels of responsibility. Patient safety rating was described as fair/poor by 0.0% of superintendent pharmacists, 6.3% of supervising pharmacists, 17.0% of staff pharmacists and 31.8% of locum pharmacists. Fifty-one (29.0%) respondents provided free-text comments. Emergent themes were impact on safety culture of staffing issues; staff training; dispensary workload; and dispensary work pressures. Conclusion The study was limited by low response rate. This may reflect its timing during the COVID-19 pandemic and pharmacists’ prioritisation of clinical roles at that time. Respondents reported a broadly positive patient safety culture in the pharmacy in which they work. Differences in perception of safety culture were observed between those with differing levels of responsibility in community pharmacy practice.

Patient Safety Culture Perception among Moroccan Healthcare professionals: Cross-Sectional Study in Public Hospitals.

There is a growing recognition of the need to establish a culture that focuses on patient safety in order to reduce the number of adverse events associated with care and improve health-care quality in Morocco. The aim of this research is to analyze results of the perception of health professionals working in two university hospitals concerning the concept of patient safety culture in Morocco. This study evaluated the healthcare professional's perceptions of patient safety culture in two selected university hospitals centers in Morocco by using the validated French version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire (HSOPSC). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021. We randomly selected 10 health units of each hospital, to include up to 10 health professionals from each unit, regardless of length of experience. This self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a population of 204 Moroccan healthcare professionals who consisted predominately of available physicians and nurses across ten different health units. The overall grade of patient safety was deemed "good" for 52 % of the staff, "very good" for 17%, against "failing" for 2%. Out of the 10 dimensions explored. The "Teamwork within units" dimension had the highest score with 80%. The dimensions with the lowest positive response rates were "Staffing (23%)", "non-punitive response to error" (31%) and "Teamwork across units' (47%). Seven dimensions were considered underdeveloped and three were undeveloped. This work provides a better understanding of healthcare professional perception towards patient safety.

Awareness of the culture of patient safety among medical staff in neurosurgery departments from Moldova

To improve outcomes for patients and prevent avoidable surgical errors, neurosurgeons must change the culture of patient safety. The purpose of the study was to explore the perception of Patient Safety Culture (PSC) and the factors influencing it among the staff in the neurosurgical departments from Republic of Moldova. Material and methods. A cross sectional study was conducted in neurosurgical departments using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). Descriptive statistics were carried out, comprised the Cronbach “α” coefficient, frequency of positive answers (PPRs), level of minimum and maximum of 95% confidential interval, F. Galton correlation coefficient, Kendall rank coefficient, Harrington scale. Results. Medical staff from neurosurgical departments from five hospitals voluntarily participated in the study n=345. Most of the respondents rated the patient’s safety grade as “excellent” and “very good”. The value of the frequency of positive responses to the dimensions of the survey varies between 37.3% (CI 95% [34.8-39.9]) (staffing) and 85.0% (CI.95% [83.1-86.9]) (teamwork within units). The dimensions with the highest score of the PPRs stand out: „teamwork within units”, „organizational learning- continuous improvement” and „supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety”. Analyzing the effect of the influence of patient safety culture factors on the degree of patient safety appreciated by the staff, we notice that the dimensions with the greatest influence are “Feedback and Communication About Error”, “Teamwork Across Units”, “Management Support for Patient Safety”, “Handoffs and transitions”, “Communication openness”. We found significant correlations among patient safety culture composites with the degree of patient safety with differences in the strength of the correlation. Conclusions. The results reflected the positive attitude of the staff towards most composites of the patient safety culture. The study made it possible to highlight the strong and vulnerable points of the patient safety culture and the factors influencing the patient safety degree in neurosurgical departments from Moldova.

The Relationship Between Patient Safety Culture and the Intentions of the Nursing Staff to Report a Near-Miss Event During the COVID-19 Crisis.

Reporting a near-miss event has been associated with better patient safety culture. To examine the relationship between patient safety culture and nurses' intention to report a near-miss event during COVID-19, and factors predicting that intention. This mixed-methods study was conducted in a tertiary medical center during the fourth COVID-19 waves in 2020-2021 among 199 nurses working in COVID-19-dedicated departments. Mean perception of patient safety culture was low overall. Although 77.4% of nurses intended to report a near-miss event, only 20.1% actually did. Five factors predicted nurses' intention to report a near-miss event; the model explains 20% of the variance. Poor departmental organization can adversely affect the intention to report a near-miss event. Organizational learning, teamwork between hospital departments, transfers between departments, and departmental disorganization can affect intention to report a near-miss event and adversely affect patient safety culture during a health crisis.

The challenges and opportunities of patient safety culture in neurosurgical departments from the Republic of Moldova

Neurosurgery is a high-risk speciality, so the Patient Safety Culture should become a priority to improve patient safety and the quality of medical care. The purpose of the study was to explore the perception of Patient Safety Culture (PSC) among the staff in the neurosurgical departments of the Republic of Moldova.&#x0D; A cross-sectional study was conducted in neurosurgical departments using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). Descriptive statistics were carried out, comprising the Cronbach "?" coefficient, frequency of positive answers (PPRs), and level of minimum and maximum of 95% confidential interval. PPRs by question and dimension were analysed overall and classified according to the Harrington scale.&#x0D; Medical staff from five hospitals voluntarily participated in the study. Most of the respondents rated the patient's safety grade as excellent and very good. The value of the frequency of positive responses to the dimensions of the survey varies between 37.3% (nonpunitive response to error) and 85.0% (teamwork within units). The dimensions with the highest score of the PPRs stand out: „teamwork within units”, „organizational learning- continuous improvement” and „supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety”. The dimension with a high score of PPRs was „feedback and communication about error”. The dimensions with a satisfactory score of the PPRs were „handoffs and transitions”, „frequency of events reported”, „management support for patient safety”, „teamwork across units”, „communication openness”, „overall perceptions on patient safety”, „non-punitive response to errors” and „staffing”.&#x0D; For the first time in the Republic of Moldova, the perception of patient safety culture in neurosurgery departments was studied. The results reflect the positive attitude of the staff towards most dimensions of the patient safety culture. The study made it possible to highlight the strong and vulnerable points of the patient safety culture in neurosurgical departments from Moldova.

Food safety culture in food companies: evaluation of the perception of food safety culture in three Tuscan food companies.

The Commission Regulation (EU) No. 2021/382 (European Commission, 2021), amending the Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 (European Commission, 2004), introduced the obligation for companies to establish and maintain a food safety culture (FSC). The methodology to evaluate, implement, and enhance the level of FSC is up to the individual companies. This study aimed to investigate the perception of FSC among the employees of 3 Tuscan medium-sized enterprises in the food sector, producing cured meat (A), dairy products (B), and frozen fish products (C). The survey was conducted through the development and administration of a questionnaire based on a 5 points Likert scale, referring to different aspects of FSC, organized in 6 sections with 5-6 statements each and subjected to a percentage of employees between 76 and 85%, classified also by the length of service (≤3 and >3 years). For all the companies, the minimum median and mode value for scores obtained by the different sections was 4, and the minimum median and mode value for the single statement was 3 (A, B; except for a bimodal value 2-4) and 4 (C). The section awareness and perception of risk showed the highest mean scores in all companies. As for the length of service, senior employees gave lower scores than junior ones in all sections in B and 3 sections in C. Overall, the results of the questionnaires showed a good perception of FSC, even though it was possible to identify some partial weaknesses.

Measuring patient safety culture from the perspective of nursing students - a literature review

Aim: To identify instruments measuring patient safety culture from the perspective of nursing students and to assess the content and reported psychometric properties of these instruments. Design: A narrative literature review. Methods: The search was carried out (according to institutional availability) in three scientific databases: ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus. The search produced a total of 645 studies published up to May 2021. For data analysis, a summative content method was used. Results: We identified 12 instruments for measuring patient safety culture from the perspective of nursing students. Four instruments were designed to assess the perception of patient safety culture in the workplace, and eight instruments were designed for assessing nursing students&#8217; competencies in patient safety culture. Conclusion: The instruments share a core set of domains. However, details on conceptualisation, and methodological rigor differed substantially. Moreover, data on psychometric properties have not been published for most instruments. The absence of well-established instruments calls for further research.

Mediating Effects of Job Satisfaction between Nurses’ Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture and Their Safety Nursing Activities

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the mediating effects of job satisfaction in the relationship between nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture and safety nursing activities.Methods: Data for this study were collected using a structured questionnaire from 219 nurses recruited through convenience sampling among nurses at the general wards of four small and medium-sized hospitals with fewer than 300 beds. The data collection period was between September 11 and 28, 2018. Data were analyzed using multiple regression and the Sobel test in SPSS 25.0 for Windows.Results: The mean score was 3.14 out of 5 points for patient safety culture, 3.21 out of 5 points for job satisfaction, and 4.10 out of 5 points for safety nursing activities. Patient safety culture was significantly correlated with job satisfaction (r=.55, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) and safety nursing activities (r=.48, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001). Job satisfaction was significantly correlated with safety nursing activities (r=.55, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001). Nurses' perceptions of patient safety culture (β=.48, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) and job satisfaction (β=.42, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) were identified as significant predictors of safety nursing activities. Job satisfaction had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture and safety nursing activities. These variables explained 35% of the variance in safety nursing activities.Conclusion: Improving nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture and job satisfaction, which had a partial mediating effect, can promote safety nursing activities.