Russian Space Research Articles

Геоинформационный мониторинг и моделирование процессов иммиграции студентов в Россию

The article presents the experience of developing geoinformation monitoring of foreign student immigration to Russia. A conceptual scheme of monitoring is proposed, its basic structures and principles of functioning are considered. It is proved that the use of geoinformation monitoring makes it possible to process large amounts of information, form databases, and perform qualitative evaluation and analytical procedures the aim of which is optimizing of management activity. The monitoring system is developed on the basis of the ArcGIS GIS platform and includes three main modules: organizational, visualization, expert-analytical, each of which represents certain functions. The central place of the article is devoted to examples of modeling processes and visualization of data characterizing foreign student immigration. According to the authors, the methods of cartographic anamorphic images and ring maps provide the greatest visibility. The possibilities of the centrographic method for calculating the center of gravity of foreign student immigration across Russia are demonstrated. The moving of the all-Russian center of gravity from Tatarstan to the southwest was revealed, which reflects a decrease in interest in Siberian scientific and educational centers and proves an increasing attractiveness of Southern European ones. Preliminary results have been obtained on the current state and transformation of the educational immigration space in Russia, the main feature of which is strong polarization. The uneven distribution of foreign students by region is obvious. The traditional centers of attraction are the capital territories and ancient university centers. At the same time, there is an activation of peripheral regional universities, increasing the recruitment of foreign students, increasing the status of the regions in which they are located. An important factor in choosing a university, along with the image, is the positional factor reflecting the influence of the location of the place of study in Russia.

“The Slavs are Invincible”: Otto von Bismarck’s Fictional Statements in Contemporary Russia

The author focuses on the phenomenon of fictitious quotations attributed to the German statesman Otto von Bismarck, which are common in contemporary Russian information space. This topic, as well as the problem of fictional quotations of historical figures in general as a form of collective memory of the past, has not yet been the subject of independent research. The goal of the present article is twofold. First, to identify the role and function of quotations falsely attributed to Bismarck in contemporary Russian information space. Secondly, to examine the reasons for attributing these statements to the Iron Chancellor, i.e. Bismarck's place in contemporary Russian historical memory. To this end, a wide range of materials have been drawn upon, from scholarly works and press articles to online entertainment texts that contain fictitious quotations ascribed to Bismarck. The author concludes that the key thesis of the most popular pseudo-Bismarck statements is the principal invincibility of Russia and the Russian people. Emerged at the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, they quickly gained popularity primarily within “patriotic” discourse and, due to their widespread popularity, are perceived even by some members of the academia as a well-known truth. The choice of Bismarck as fictitious author of these statements is determined by his position as a “non-friend” in the collective memory, i.e. a foreign figure who had no sympathy for Russia, yet recognised its strength and favoured good relations with it.

ФАКТОРЫ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ И УСТОЙЧИВОГО ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ ПРИВОЛЖСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

The article analyzes the factors of spatial development of territorial entities included in the Volga Federal District – a region with a developed innovation-technological and industrial complex, with an economy that demonstrates sustainable growth rates not only in industries with traditional specialization, but also in economic areas of activity focused on providing services and the production of consumer goods. Analytical and statistical data of federal and regional state statistics bodies for the period from 2017 to 2021 were used as a basis for studying the features of the spatial development of territorial entities. In order to predict changes in the indicators under consideration, we also analyzed the trends in socio-economic transformations of Russia's space this year. The economic component of the group of factors of spatial development and sustainable functioning of regions was expressed through an analysis of the dynamics and structure of the gross regional product, the level of debt burden, indicators of self-sufficiency, deficit and liquidity of local budgets. The social component of spatial development was determined using the coefficients of migration and natural increase, the level of demographic load and unemployment in the regions, as well as through a comparative analysis of the population's monetary income in the regional context relative to the federal districts of the Russian Federation. The environmental factors of sustainable functioning of the territories were identified by the method of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment with the determination of quantitative and qualitative indicators of anthropogenic impact. As a result of the analysis of a group of factors of an economic, social and environmental nature, the leading regions in terms of the implementation of the resource potential and territories that stably lag behind the pace of development in certain directions and areas were identified. Based on the data obtained, spatial differentiation and uneven development of the regions of the Volga Federal District were proved, as well as the need to balance all components of the system of sustainable functioning of the region, visible in the application of the principle of unity of potential opportunities for economic, social and environmental development.

Features of the Modernization of the Russian Far East: Imperial and Soviet Models of Industrial Development

The study analyzes the imperial and Soviet models of industrial development of the Russian Far East at the end of the 19th century and first third of the 20th century. The relevance of the study is that understanding the historical experience of the exploration and development of the eastern territories, and determining their place and role in Russian space, ultimately determines the fate of the Russian presence on the shores of the Pacific Ocean. The development of the Far East territories since their discovery by Russians was carried out by a combination of private initiative of individuals and state support, and from the second half of the 19th century with significant state participation. At the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the 20th centuries, the imperial model of industrial development of the region formed, and the Soviet model emerged with the establishment of Soviet power and the elimination of NEP. The article concludes that the imperial and Soviet model of the industrial development of the Far East was based on a strong state influence on the region, which in general, despite its negative aspects, can be viewed positively. Here, higher rates of industrial modernization were ensured than in the west of the country, and there was no particular risk of conflict with the old, obsolete elements of the social system. Along with this, there was a large influence of centralized management and bureaucratic structures that ignored local characteristics, conditions, and interests. Historical experience has shown that significant state participation in the development of the Far East did not contribute to the efficient use of financial, material, technical, and labor resources and was associated with significant costs and losses.

Социокультурная функция библиотеки в сельской местности на примере Славского муниципального округа Калининградской области

Being in close proximity to the local community and its needs, a modern rural library in the Russian space is designed to be not only a center for users to access information, but also a place of education, cultural and intellectual activities, adaptation of residents to rapidly changing political, socio-economic, and psychological conditions. The rural library should act as an institution of socialization through developing a system of traditional values and pre­serving local culture, positioning itself as an open platform and involving residents in an active social and business life. In the article, the author considers the socio-economic develop­ment of the Slavsk municipal district based on the array of statistical and analytical data of the Slavsk library network, which is a valuable information resource. It is concluded that the library in rural areas is actively developing the principles of communication, education, me­morialization, and information that are familiar to us, as well as newer ones — consolidation, education, adaptation, and the acquisition of integrity by the community.

Estate, Capital and Province in the Alexander Potyomkin’s novel Man is canceled (2007)

The article analyzes the novel of the modern Russian writer A. Potyomkin Man is canceled (2007), which received a wide public response. The main idea of the work is the need for a radical change of the “mass man” of the turn of the XX-XXI centuries at the psychosomatic level. The ideological and compositional center is the specially built Rimushkino estate in the Oryol province, where the serf spirit of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries is reproduced. To answer the question of why the estate space of Russia is becoming the most representative field for anthropological experiments of the beginning of the XXI century, we consider the estate neo-myths of the Silver Age (the lost paradise on earth) and the Soviet period (the camp hell living in the mentality), as well as the imperial-colonial concept of the postmodern era (the estate as a frontier in the process of class-oriented internal colonization of the country). The multidimensional semiotics of the estate sets a new relationship between “metropolitan” and “provincial” concerning the other loci of the novel.

Academy of Sciences in the cultural space of Russia in the first half of the 18<sup>th</sup> century

Academy of Sciences in the cultural space of Russia in the first half of the 18<sup>th</sup> century

Concepts and Empirics of Transit Use of the Russian Space

Concepts and Empirics of Transit Use of the Russian Space

МИРОВОЙ КОММЕРЧЕСКИЙ КОСМИЧЕСКИЙ РЫНОК: ПОЗИЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ СТРАН И СЕГМЕНТОВ СПУТНИКОВОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ

The commercialization of space activities is becoming an increasingly significant trend in the development of the global space industry. This trend necessitates the transformation of the Russian space market as well. One of the topical issues of this transformation from an economic point of view is the question of finding the most promising market niches for domestic actors in the space industry. The article is devoted to the analysis of trends in the global space market and the identification of the most promising market segments. The theoretical basis of the study are the general provisions of marketing theory, including the concept of consumer segmentation and the concept of market positioning. The methodological basis of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, logical approach, comparative analysis), special economic methods of analysis (graphical method), as well as the use of qualitative and quantitative methods of collecting information. The sources of information in the work are the current regulations, data from reputable foreign research organizations, publications of foreign and Russian specialists in the field of space activities. Based on the market segmentation adopted in world practice, trends in the development of the world market in various segments are determined. The fastest growing segments of satellite services are identified, including the segment of remote sensing of the Earth, the broadband segment and the segment of mobile satellite communications, which includes data transmission services for the Internet of things. Based on an estimate of revenue, revenue growth rates and the rate of satellite renewal in orbit, the positions of countries in the respective segments were determined, the leader among which are the United States. The results of the study can become the basis for further study of the mechanisms and business models used by various countries in the field of commercial space, as well as for orienting existing participants in space activities to the most promising market segments.

Этнокультурная динамика тюркских народов Сибири в трудах российских учёных второй половины ХХ - первых десятилетий XXI В.

The article reveals the theme of the study by Russian scientists of ethnocultural processes among the Turkic peoples of Siberia since the 17th century to the present. The study was carried out on the basis of the developed periodization of the study of the ethnic history of the peoples of the Russian space, covering the periods of study from the second half of the 19th century to the present. A significant part of the work is a description of completed studies of ethnocultural processes among the peoples of Siberia by scientists from various scientific centers.

К 100-летию Леонида Ивановича Гусева

This article presents a brief description of the life of one of our legendary contemporaries, who sat at the control panel of the device that communicated between two great people who initiated the era of cosmonautics, S. P. Korolyov and Yu. A. Gagarin, during the first manned flight into space. L. I. Gusev was the liaison between the General Designer and the first cosmonaut of the Earth during this epoch-making event. Today it is already obvious to everyone that without its complexes of radio engineering, telemetric and trajectory measurements, it would be impossible to explore outer space. Enterprises and organizations led by L. I. Gusev, took an active part in all key events in the Russian space industry — from the launch of the First artificial Earth satellite to the development, creation and operation of modern space complexes and systems in all areas of space activity.

РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ГЕОГРАФИИ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ И ОПЫТ ПРОШЛОГО

The problems of science and its development (including the identification of development determinants, possibilities, and priorities) appear to be particularly significant in modern Russia. The specific features of Russian space (characterized by vastness, heterogeneity, and non-static character) predetermine a permanent objective demand for diversified geographical knowledge, including its socio-economic (human) component. The article aims to identify challenges and problematic situations that came to face the community of Russian geographers-social scientists in the spring of 2022 (in theoretical and conceptual, scientific and applied, educational and organizational aspects) as well as to analyze and assess the development potential of domestic socio-economic geography. This should be done based on the understanding of the experience and lessons of its ‘historical track,’ first of all, the evolution of ideas and approaches in the 20th century, a complicated period, characterized by numerous transformations, crises, and cataclysms. The information and factual scientific material presented in the article includes key publications of Russian economic geographers published in the period from the early 1920s to the mid-1990s in two leading high-status geographical periodicals, the oldest in Russia – Proceedings of the Russian Geographical Society and Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya (Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical Series). Based on the analysis of these periodicals, it is established that reliance on the domestic economic and geographical intellectual and ‘behavioral’ heritage provides the professional research community with guidelines in solving most of the current and potential tasks facing it. The paper shows that the development of Russian human geography can be driven by a significant increase in its practical orientation, complemented by an emphasis on ‘Russia-centered’ research, while maintaining structural, thematic, and methodological pluralism of research works, as well as involvement in international collaborations.

Patterns of Russia: History, Culture, Spaces by Robin Milner-Gulland

Reviewed by: Patterns of Russia: History, Culture, Spaces by Robin Milner-Gulland Sergei Bogatyrev Milner-Gulland, Robin. Patterns of Russia: History, Culture, Spaces. Reaktion Books, London, 2020. 237 pages. Maps. Illustrations. Notes. Further reading. Index. £25.00. In his book, Robin Milner-Gulland seeks to build up a distinctive portrait of Russia through the study of a few themes and moments in its history. He is particularly interested in locations and landmarks that witnessed the development of Russia and its culture. The methodology of the book is diverse. Milner-Gulland draws on Bakhtin's concept of the 'chronotope' as a dynamic interaction between space and time. By way of analogy, Milner-Gulland offers the notion of 'cultural spaces' which implies the intersection between geography and history. The book has been also influenced by the Tartu-Moscow semiotic school (Iu. M. Lotman, D. S. Likhachev, B. A. Uspenskii) and scholarship on the creation and exploitation of sacred space (Mircea Eliade, A. M. Lidov). Finally, Milner-Gulland engages Anthony D. Smith's concept of 'ethnoscape' ('landscapes endowed with poetic ethnic meaning through [End Page 188] the historicization of nature and the territorialization of ethnic memories'). Milner-Gulland interprets Russia's ethnoscape as its cultural consciousness. Chapter one seeks to define Russia in terms of the four cardinal directions (north, south, east, west) and the great rivers that articulate the Russian space. In Chapter two, the author looks at the built environment, including wooden architecture, medieval churches, and some later palaces, but not fortifications (apart from the Golden Gates in Vladimir). Chapter three deals with art and artists in Old Russia. The author dwells on the social status of icon painters as craftsmen because Old Russia lacked the overarching concept of 'art'. Chapter four is devoted to art and place. It examines some famous works of art from different periods, including two sixteenth-century objects which have the word 'place' in their established names: the so-called 'Tsar's Place' (i.e. Ivan IV's pew) in the Dormition Cathedral and the Place of the Skull in Red Square, both in Moscow. In chapter five the author discusses the sacred places of Russia which are usually associated with various representations of Jerusalem. The author treats the subject in the context of the notion of Holy Russia, though the origin of this idea is as obscure as its meaning. In chapter six, 'Petersburg: Foundation and Fate' Milner-Gulland notes that there was a combination of practical and ideological motifs behind Peter I's project of the new capital. The author calls our attention to the legends about the foundation of Petersburg which are usually dismissed by historians as fantasies. Here Milner-Gulland develops a cultural approach to the history of St Petersburg advanced by Lindsey Hughes (1949–2007), his former student and a leading specialist on Peter I. The author movingly acknowledges Hughes as a source of his inspiration. In chapter seven, the author returns to the north to reflect on the Solovki Transfiguration Monastery as an ultimate symbol of Russia. He traces the history of the monastery from its foundation in the fifteenth century through the Soviet period, when the Bolsheviks turned the monastery into a concentration camp, to the post-Soviet revival of the religious institution. Smith has introduced his concept of 'ethnoscape' in an attempt to strike a balance between two approaches to ethnicity, one that posits that ethnic connections are universal, natural and primordial (hence, primordialist approach) and another that sees ethnicity as a tool whose configuration changes depending on its various uses, a strategic choice, a construct (thus, constructivism). Milner-Gulland clearly leans towards primordialism as he assumes the existence of some perennial structures or patterns in Russian culture. This is why his chapters often end with forays into Soviet culture to demonstrate alleged continuity from the middle ages to the twentieth century. But can we really assume that culture and identities have remained unchanged since the period of Kyivan Rus'? The best parts of the book are based on Milner-Gulland's personal experience of visiting different parts of Russia. The publisher, Reaktion Books, [End Page 189] did a great of job on visualizing Milner-Gulland's...

Peculiarities of socialisation of persons with autism spectrum disorders and their families

Introduction. The global statistics shows that the incidence of autism is increasing rapidly. According to the UN data, the current prevalence of people with autism spectrum disorders is 67 million worldwide. Thus, the spread of ASD (autism spectrum disorders) is global. ASD is a complex disorder leading to deformation of the carrier’s personality and disruption of his/her socialisation process. This disorder leads to disability of a person with ASD, prevents him/her from getting a high-grade education and his/her integration into the society. The aim of this article is to explore the socialisation features of persons suffering autism spectrum disorder and those of their family members. Materials and methods. The survey, based on the semi-formalised interview method, involved 21 parents (2 fathers and 19 mothers) of children with ASD. The survey was carried out on the basis of an authorly guide. The interview guide comprised the following blocks: constrained social contacts; attitudes towards people with ASD and their families in the society; financial situation of the family; mental health of the parent. Results. The analysis of the interview texts enabled the authors to identify the factors conditioning the process of socialisation of a person diagnosed with ASD and his/her family members: attitudes to people with ASD and their families in the society, curtailed social contacts, social censure and condemnation, presence of stereotypes about autism in the society, features of daily family life, financial situation of the family, psychological state of relatives of a person suffering ASD. Conclusion. The undertaken analysis of secondary data and semi-formalised interview texts revealed that the Russian society is not concerned to provide sufficient and relevant coverage of ASD diagnosis specifics and the life of its carriers, which leads to the formation of social stereotypes in the public Russian space. The most common stereotype is accusing the parents (as concerns the diagnosis as such, poor parenting, improper lifestyle, apathy, “contrived nature of the problem”). The described phenomena lead to the disruption of the socialisation process, incapacitation of parents and enhanced disablement of ASD carriers, reduced opportunities for getting full-fledged education, curtailment of contacts, formation of communication barriers, decreased social activity, withdrawal to social periphery, employment difficulties, mental health disorders, financial problems, etc.

Обеспечение радиационной стойкости бортовой аппаратуры командных радиолиний при длительных сроках активного существования космических аппаратов (Часть 1)

The experience of JSC “Russian Space Systems” in the development of on-board equipment for command radio links of spacecraft for various purposes with a given level of radiation resistance under conditions of long-term exposure to ionizing radiation of outer space for the period from 2003 to 2021 is summarized. The main stages of work to ensure the resistance of onboard equipment to integral dose effects and the effects of single events are considered. Methodological and software resources have been developed that allow correct prediction of local dose loads of ionizing radiation from outer space in the on-board equipment of command radio links, taking into account the effect of “dose amplification” of secondary bremsstrahlung. The methodological issues of ensuring the terms of the active existence of the onboard equipment are considered, using the cold redundancy of critical devices and components. The use of cold redundancy makes it possible to increase the duration of active existence relative to resistance to integral dose effects by about 1.5 times. The effectiveness of the developed methodological and software resources for confirming the radiation resistance of the onboard equipment of command radio links is proved by successful operation of about 100 spacecraft for various purposes in the 2005–2021 period.

Territorial capital of Russian regions and its spatial organization

Relevance. The new challenges that exacerbate long-standing issues stimulate the Russian economic system to evolve faster and to seek greater efficiency. One of the impediments to this process, however, is the inertness of the spatial organization of the national economy. There is a need for more detailed research on the characteristics of the national economic space for evidence-based policy-making in the sphere of spatial development. Research objective The study aims to describe the organization of Russia's economic space by focusing on the patterns of localization of its territorial capital. Data and methods. The study uses official statistical data on Russian regions provided by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and a set of indicators of regional inequality. Methodologically, the study relies on the methods of spatial autocorrelation analysis and cartographic analysis. Results. It has been shown that there are significant regional disparities combined with the high level of polarization of the Russian space. There is a scarcity of asset concentration areas, which are mostly located in the country's western part, leaving the eastern part lagging behind and limiting its potential. The territories that are struggling the most are those devoid of resources and located remotely from the areas of asset concentration. The patterns of geographic distribution of gross regional product are to a great extent similar to the patterns of distribution of production capital, which may point to the existence of factors leading to regional divergence. The distribution of creative capital in Russia is far from optimal, which prevents it from becoming a major driver behind the country's economic growth. Conclusions. Policy-makers need to take into account the patterns of asset distribution in devising measures for enhancing territorial capital and setting priorities for the country's economic spatial development.

Эмпирический анализ гипотезы перманентного дохода на данных постсоветской России

The paper tests the hypothesis of permanent income on modern (2007– 2019) data of aggregated income indicators and expenditure of the Russian households. To test the hypothesis, we use John Shea’s methodology. According to his approach, the values of the predicted indicators of the current change in income and interest rates are determined using several sets of variables. The empirical analysis carried out by these authors shows that the behavior of households in Russia does not follow Milton Friedman’s permanent income hypothesis, but is consistent with Christopher Carroll’s “buffer stock” model. Fluctuations in income have a statistically significant effect on fluctuations in consumption. This means that Russian consumers are not inclined to smooth future consumption over the entire life cycle, but tend to maintain a certain level of savings for several periods in advance as a safety net in the event of a fall in permanent income. This conclusion is logical for the post-Soviet Russian space. As the studies show, in developing countries and with less developed financial institutions and markets, individuals have difficulties in planning their behavior. They face a narrow planning horizon with a high degree of uncertainty about the future.

Techniques of Linguistic Cognitive Manipulation in the Information and Psychological Confrontation Environment

The article is devoted to the scientific understanding of the linguistic and cultural factors of shaping external ideology of governance in Ukraine during the preparation and conduct of a series of low-intensity conflicts (“color revolutions”) in 2004-2014. Using linguistic methods of semantic, structural, contextual, discourse and communicative analysis, the author studies verbal forms of linguistic cognitive manipulation with the public opinion of the Ukrainian society focusing on the techniques of polyphonic attack, conceptual modeling and reframing. Communicative strategies and methods of indoctrination of the population are viewed in the environment of the information and psychological war launched by the US-led collective West in the digital space of mass media and the worldwide web with the aim of alienating Ukraine from the geopolitical space of Russia and turning it into an antipode state of the Russian Federation. The author focuses on verbal forms and means of indoctrination identified in communicative strategies of disinformation, data blocking, falsifying truth, fake messages, tabooing of signs, distortion of the true semantic meaning and substitution of concepts that are used by subjects of information and psychological influence in the synergetic coupling of media resources of the media of Ukraine and the collective West. The author concludes that some processes are underway in the interdiscursive environment of the “post-Maidan” Ukraine that structure a new dominant information need of the society around the image of Russia as an enemy and aggressor. Russian linguistic and cultural pattern holders demonstrate speech behavior in Ukraine that has been formed under the external ideology of governance and illustrates the destructive changes in the values of Russian self-identity, which is a consequence of linguistic cognitive manipulation of the public opinion under the imposed information model of total Russophobia.

RUSSIAN SPACE IN THE PROCESS OF HISTORICAL TRANSITIONS (TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THEORY OF POST-SOVIET SYSTEM TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPACE)

As an object of research in the article, the phenomenon of the Russian space, taken in a long historical retrospective, appears, the subject issues of the study of which are the prerequisites, meanings and content, as well as significant cause-and-effect relationships and the dynamics of its transformations. It is shown that the processes of acquisition and development (colonization) of the country’s space took many centuries, took place in different directions, with different intensity and were initially associated with special motives, extraordinary efforts and contradictory consequences. The cornerstones of the main stages of transformation of the Russian space — pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet — are considered. A theoretical understanding of the modern stage is proposed, the deep meaning of which the author associates with the need to remove the main contradiction of the spatial organization of life in the country, due to the abrupt transition of the country «from socialism to the market». The driving forces and limitations of the formation of a new configuration of space are highlighted, the course and content of this transition process are predicted. In the author’s understanding, the ongoing transition is characterized by a complex interweaving of reforms and counter-reforms: the market-federative reversal of the 1990s (with its well-known excesses of reformation radicalism) is opposed by a mechanistic one that ignores the realities of the established market-capitalist system, and therefore counterproductive reproduction of a number of Soviet planning and placement algorithms of public administration. The conceptual approach to the consideration of the organization of the socio-economic space as a large complex dynamic open system and to the interpretation of its transformation processes as systemic transformations is substantiated. The deep Russian features of state participation in the transformation of the socio-economic space are revealed, the requirements for the current state regional policy are formulated.

The dynamics of video preferences of the Russian youth (on the example of YouTube)

Today the Internet has become an integral part of the everyday life of the younger generation, and the YouTube video hosting is one of the most visited sites among Russians aged 18 to 34. Therefore, the analysis of content, structure, and dynamics of video preferences is an important area of sociological analysis of the Russian youths interests on YouTube. The research aims at identification and description of the Russian youths interests on the basis of the analysis of their video preferences on SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT YouTube. The authors conducted content analysis of Googles annual reports on the most popular videos on YouTube in Russia, of the content of these videos and their comments, and the analysis of quantitative indicators (likes, dislikes and views). 26 Muscovites were questioned in the format of the semi-structured interview; and two online surveys (in 2019 and 2020) were conducted, in which 340 respondents participated. The authors identified three groups of factors to analyze the dynamics of video preferences: micro-social (social-psychological, status-role and needs factors); macro-social (institutional - social, political, economic, cultural - and environmental); random. The analysis of all types of research data on the most popular video clips allowed to describe the dynamics of the youths video preferences in 2008- 2020, to show the relationship of social factors with the dynamics of the youths YouTube preferences, and that these video preferences are largely determined by individual characteristics, because the significant events in the Russian social-cultural space have little influence on the youths video preferences.