Russian Production Research Articles

Overview of instrumental methods used in the field of food analysis

The emergence of new technologies for food production and current trends in the use of alternative sources of raw materials require improved approaches to the analysis of the chemical composition of food products. In the course of planning work to carry out analytical research, a number of challenges arise: identification of the research objects themselves; selection of research methods and tools; ensuring the representativeness and validity of the results obtained. When choosing and justifying research methods, it is necessary to rely on a large number of factors, which include both confirmation of the actual composition of food products, including the determination of unintentionally present substances, and the reliability of the data obtained, taking into account the selected instrumental methods. The purpose of this work is to generalize and systematize the essence and characteristics of the main methods of food analysis and evaluate existing approaches to the justification and application of instrumental methods of analysis in relation to new types of food products. This paper reviews the literature on instrumental research methods used to obtain values in the most representative international databases on the composition of food products (FAO/INFOODS Food Composition Databases, USDA NDL, Fineli, Frida), as well as databases of the chemical composition of food products in Russia, Japan and Australia. To search for descriptions and features of the use of analytical equipment and analytical methods, electronic library systems Web of Science, Scopus, Elibrary, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Science Direct were used. This review highlights the role of various research methods: photometric and electrophoretic, titrimetric, extraction, chromatographic, spectroscopic, immunoenzymatic, as well as those based on the polymerase chain reaction and the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, lateral flow and electropheresis.

Production potential of the beef cattle breeding industry in Russia

The total number of beef cattle in the world is 325 million, with beef production estimated at 68.3 million tonnes. Beef consumption is expected to reach 76 million tonnes by 2031. The purpose of the study was to assess the current state of the beef cattle industry and to analyze the potential for beef production in Russia. Russia has significant resources to increase beef production for both domestic consumption and export. The potential for beef exports is 75-80 thousand tonnes per year. Deterrent factors for the development of the domestic beef cattle industry are the annual decrease in the number of cattle, low fodder supply, resulting in low live weight of animals at slaughter, insufficient intensity in reproduction of commercial herds. The solution to these problems depends on the level of support for the industry from the Russian government, which can increase the attractiveness of the industry for investors.

Technical and technological equipment of vegetable crops production in Russia

Relevance and Methods. The study is devoted to the analysis of the state of technical and technological support for the production of vegetable crops in Russia. During the research, the following methods were used: analytical, monographic, economic-statistical and expert assessment.Results. It provides data on self-sufficiency in vegetable production, production of vegetable crops in farms of all categories over the past 5 years, as well as changes in the cost of production and the cost of sales of these products. The issues of providing vegetable growing with agricultural machinery and equipment, the introduction of digitalization processes in the vegetable growing sub-sectors, as well as existing measures of its state support are considered. As a result of the analysis of the current state of technical and technological support for vegetable growing, as well as the existing state support for the production of vegetable crops, the main elements that need to be developed to increase the efficiency of this sub-branch of crop production have been identified.Conclusion. Vegetable growing is one of the most significant sub-sectors of crop production, ensuring consumer demand of the population and food security in Russia; in order to achieve the necessary level of self-sufficiency in vegetable production, appropriate technical and technological support for their producers is necessary; to solve this problem, it is necessary to introduce innovative technologies for the production of vegetable products, as well as to provide the necessary amount of modern high-performance machinery and equipment, which is possible only with effective state support for the technical and technological modernization of vegetable production.

The potential of trade and economic cooperation between Brazil and the Samara region based on the integration of exports and imports

Purpose: is to reveal the potential for strengthening trade and economic cooperation between the Samara region and the Brazilian States by identifying the regional needs of the latter in non-energy goods.Methods:the article applies the statistical method of structural and dynamic analysis, calculates the index of complementarity, and adapts the Balassa index and the export potential.Results: the essence of the potential of trade and economic cooperation is revealed and the connection between the coupling of commodity flows with the non-energy potential of the region is shown. The authors identified the most active the Brazilian States and import-intensive groups of goods in trade with the Russian Federation. The Brazilian States with high potential for expanding supplies of non-energy products that can become centers of attraction in foreign trade for Russian regions were identified. Estimated values of export potential volumes, which expand the possibilities of trade and economic cooperation between the Samara region and the Brazilian States, are presented, and the conditions of export supplies are determined.Сonclusions and Relevance: the scale of coupling of commodity flows with trade partners is the basis for the formation and realization of export potential of countries and their regions. Despite the sanctions, Russian-Brazilian cooperation has reached the level of strategic partnership, almost all the Brazilian States import Russian products, many of them increase imports. It has been established that the main channels of supply of Russian products to the Brazilian market are concentrated in the port Brazil States, traditionally the most open for trade cooperation with the countries of the world. Despite the fact that the processes of product diversification in mutual trade are developing slowly, the strategic partnership allows building long-term plans for further trade cooperation by expanding trade of the Samara region with the Brazilian States with a high share of dependence on imports of non-energy goods, which the Russian region specializes in producing. The complementarity index confirmed the complementarity of commodity flows between the Samara Region and a number of the Brazilian States. In the conditions of reorientation of export flows, the opportunities of the Samara region lie in the expansion of trade in food products, chemical industry, electrical and mechanical engineering products.

Study of cyclic price volatility for fish products in Russia

The purpose of the work: to test the hypothesis about the existence of periodically changing price volatility over time and to determine the key characteristics of this process.Methods used: decomposition of price dynamics for the main types of fish products in Russia with the allocation and analysis of its components; to construct a model describing the trajectory of price changes, the provisions of the spider web theory were used, in particular, the Kagan model, transformed into the harmonic oscillator model.Results: it was found that prices for fish products in the Russian Federation, in addition to the general upward trend, also have cyclical volatility and are subject to shock changes from time to time; the parameters of price fluctuations were determined.Scientific novelty: A nonlinear model has been developed that reflects in aggregate form the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on prices for fish products. The model describes cyclical price changes in the form of relaxation fluctuations.Practical significance: The study of the recessive characteristics of price volatility made it possible to identify the key parameters of possible measures of industry policy. These measures can become part of the socioeconomic policy.

The effect of the "Hydro Rex Vital" drug on zootechnical and economic indicators of broiler chickens.

The effectiveness of the anti-stress drug "Hydro Rex Vital" in the rearing of broiler chickens during the transitional period of the year was studied. The study was conducted on broiler chickens of the "Arbor Acres" crossbreed at the farm of "Altynbek" LLP (Almaty region, Isayev village). Four groups (one control and three experimental) were formed using the analogy method at the age of one day. The chickens of all groups were kept in the same room (identical sections) on deep litter until the age of 42 days. The drug was not used in the control group 1, while in the experimental groups 2, 3, and 4, the dosage of the drug administered with drinking water was 200, 300, and 400 ml per 1 ton of water, respectively. The results of the study showed that the survival rate in groups 1 (control), 2, 3, and 4 was 90.0%; 93.3%; 96.7%; 96.7% respectively; live weight of chickens at the age of 42 days was 2.49; 2.60; 2.65; and 2.57 kg respectively; average daily weight gain was 58.3; 60.8; 62.0; and 60.0 g respectively; feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain was 1.85; 1.74; 1.69; and 1.57 kg respectively; the slaughter yield of eviscerated carcasses was 72.2; 74.9; 76.3; and 74.0% respectively; production profitability was 170; 263; 313; and 308% respectively. It is recommended to give the anti-stress drug "Hydro Rex Vital" to broiler chickens with water at a dosage of 300 ml per 1 ton of water from the age of one day until the end of the rearing period to improve viability and productivity, reduce feed costs per unit of product, and meat production cost, and increase production profitability. In research, it is advisable to use the Russian production efficiency index instead of the European productivity index to quickly determine the winning group.

РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДИК КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ИНГРЕДИЕНТОВ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СРЕДСТВА ПОРОШОК АНТИГРИППИНА

Imported medicines to eliminate symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections prevail in the pharmaceutical market of Russia, but their share is decreasing. At the same time, drug prices are increasing. In such a situation it is necessary to optimize expenditures that would not reduce the availability and effectiveness of therapy. The solution to this problem may be the organization of small-scale production of medicines in the country. There is a demand for small-scale production in Russia, but it is still characterized as insignificant. In recent years in Russia such production has been organized at medical universities and the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Influenza. The task of such enterprises is to produce pilot batches of drugs for laboratory and clinical trials, as well as for sale through the retail network. For this purpose, the compositions of combined drug prescriptions are being unified, the production technology is being improved, experimental substantiation and extension of shelf life are being carried out, and the possibility of small-scale production is being investigated. The relevance of this study is due to the fact, that the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of the combined medicinal product are considered. The possibility of practical application of the developed methods of analysis to assess the quality of antigrippin is shown. Scientific novelty consists in the fact that the present work is the first attempt to comprehensively evaluate the methods of analysis of antigrippin. Practical value: the work identified and analyzed the most appropriate methods of quality control antigrippin, as well as fully and in detail described the methods of analysis. The results of approbation of methods are statistically processed.

CURRENT STATE AND FACTORS DETERMINING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF MEAT ENTERPRISES INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA

The article presents an analysis and assessment of the Republic of Tyva as one of the largest producers of meat and meat products in Russia. The Republic has regional characteristics that are associated with climatic, environmental features, as well as economic and political factors. Recently, in Russia there has been an increase in the consumption of meat industry products, while this figure lags significantly behind developed countries: 120 kg/person in the USA, 80 kg/person in the EU, 63 kg/person in Russia. In recent years, there has been a positive trend in terms of import substitution of meat and meat products, however, a high share of imports still remains, exceeding the threshold level of food security. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the development of industrial production, as well as increasing the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises, especially at the regional level. The article examines the current state of the meat industry in the Republic and the factors that determine its competitiveness. Purpose: to conduct a study of the current state and identify factors that determine the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises in the Republic of Tyva. Methods: analytical methods were used in the research process. Results. The results of the study show that in order to develop and increase the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises in the Republic of Tyva, it is necessary to introduce effective management methods at enterprises, introduce modern innovative equipment and technologies, as well as provide government support. Scope of results. The article offers a number of recommendations for managers of meat industry enterprises in the republic who want to improve the performance of their enterprises and increase competitiveness, which includes investing in sustainable initiatives, establishing clear goals and objectives and using modern digital solutions, interacting with regional executive authorities.

Wyzwania i perspektywy rozwoju rosyjskiego LNG w kontekście pogorszenia relacji z państwami Zachodu

The article deals with a current and important issue, namely the development of Russia's production and export of liquefied natural gas, in particular to Western European countries. The article outlines Russia's position as an exporter of liquefied natural gas, the challenges facing the LNG sector (especially in the area of exports) and the impact of sanctions from the European Union and the USA. Separately, the author desribes prospects for Russian LNG exports. Many sanctions imposed on Russia by the European Union and the United States have not led to a significant halt in the development of LNG in Russia. The Russian Federation will remain a significant exporter of natural gas, including to European customers. The deterioration of relations between Western countries and Russia side has delayed the implementation of some projects and partially undermined Russia's LNG production and export potential, but these losses don't prevent further development of the sector. The research hypothesis is confirmed that in the foreseeable future a high demand for LNG imported from Russia will continue. The article uses the forecasting method and the factorial method.

Mathematical modeling of a perforated continuous steel-smelting unit

Relevance. The volume of steel production in Russia and in the world has doubled over the past 20 years, the cost of steel in Russia in the period from October 2018 to March 2020 increased from 45 thousand rubles to 105 thousand rubles. This determines the urgency of developing energy-efficient steel production technologies that will reduce the cost of production. The most common technology for the producing steel of the full metallurgical cycle involves iron reduction in blast furnaces and characterized by significant emissions of pollutants into the environment. One of the most promising areas of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient steel production is non-straw production. At the moment, there are about a hundred different iron recovery processes, some of them have been brought to industrial use. Aim. To develop a fuel supply system in a perforated hearth, eliminating heat losses in the steelmaking unit by organizing a perforated hearth, which allows heat to be returned to the working space of the furnace by heating the reducing agent. Methods. Numerical modeling by Volume of Fluid (VOF) and Euler-Euler (EE) methods. Results. The authors have determined the rate of supply of reducing gas, which ensures its conversion to carbon and hydrogen at the entrance to the working area of the furnace. It was found that the surface temperature of the perforated hearth on the gas side is 380°C, on the melt side does not exceed 1313°C, which is significantly lower than the melting point of the refractory material.

Improving the Methodology for Intra-Annual Distribution of the Volume of Unobserved Agricultural Production in Russia

Improving the Methodology for Intra-Annual Distribution of the Volume of Unobserved Agricultural Production in Russia

Intensification of Trade Interactions between the Regions of China and Russia

The article identifies the Chinese provinces that are the points of growth of the Russian imports. Their main supply channels to the Chinese market are concentrated in the eastern coastal regions of China, being traditionally more developed. Russian imports are growing faster through the Chinese pilot free trade zones. However, geographical and product diversification is still slow. The supply structure of Russian products is still dominated by raw materials, while imports of high value added products are growing rapidly in some regions of China. The rapid growth of Russian imports is observed in some regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which creates additional opportunities for the intensification of trade interactions with the Russian regions within the project «Volga-Yangtze». The connection of the export sectors of the economy of the Volga Federal District with the import of China is considered in more detail in the article as a potential for further intensification of trade interactions. The regions with a high level of economic diversification (the Nizhny Novgorod and the Samara regions) have the greatest opportunities for developing trade interactions. Current conditions indicate that prospects for the further intensification of Russian exports to China are determined by the expansion of production (in the regions with a high share of exports to China and other friendly countries), development of transport and logistics system, adaptation of Russian products to the needs of the Chinese consumer. One way to increase exports of Rus-sian high-value-added products is to reduce barriers to the supply of such products in China’s free-trade zones. In a limited international market, Russian regions may have to compete more for Chinese consumers as the domestic market becomes saturated.

Обеспечение пожарной безопасности на промышленных объектах по законодательству Российской империи XIX — начала XX веков

An attempt to generalize and systematize the practices of regulatory management to ensure fire safety at industrial facilities during the period of active development of industrial production in Russia from the 19th — to the beginning of the 20th century has been made. The role of technical and legal norms in the system of management of such relationships that must ensure the necessary specification of firefighting requirements has been marked. Based on the analysis of a significant amount of historical and legal documents, a classification of regulatory provisions determining fire safety requirements at industrial facilities by the criteria of their action, i.e., general, specific, or industrial, is proposed. The codification of the Russian legislation carried out in the first half of the 19th century did not result in the systematization of fire safety rules at industrial facilities. The basic industrial laws contained mainly blanket or referential norms as to the firefighting requirements at industrial facilities; their abstract stipulation required a specification, considering the peculiarities of production activities. Therefore, a significant amount of the respective technical and legal norms was implemented in various rules and instructions determining procedures of certain types of jobs. The analysis of such documents helped to determine the main fields of fire safety legal management: requirements for the elimination of circumstances directly conditioning the occurrence of uncontrolled combustion; regulatory provisions aiming to provide conditions for efficient localization and elimination of fires; rules to ensure evacuation of personnel to safe locations; requirements to minimize adverse consequences and potential ignition during process operations at production. The specification of legal management allowed for the development of mechanisms to protect the rights of employees by formulating a measure of work behavior for all participants of such violations, including owners of plants of factories, to ensure fire safety. The necessity of further investigation of legal management practices of a given period as well as fields and methods of systematization of multiple fire safety requirements that can help to identify vectors for the improvement of the contemporary legislation system as to ensuring fire safety in industrial facilities is under substantiation.

Geoeconomic modelling: southwestern trend of vegetable growing in Russia

Relevance. Modern globalization, internationalization, regional competitive differentiation actualize geoeconomic modeling methods for geopolitical planning, management and control. The novelty of the proposed solutions is the proposed concept, based on the translation of the ideas of theoretical mechanics into economics.Methodology. Considering the annual values of statistical indicators of territorial concentrates as a system of geographically distributed objects (subjects of the Russian Federation), it is possible to determine the geographic barycenter. Knowing the values of the geocoordinates of the barycenter, it is possible to determine the tendencies and trend of the barycenter movement as an indicator of the dynamics of the system under consideration through the analysis of the dynamics of these coordinates. Based on Russtat data on the annual gross harvest of agricultural crops (vegetables), population by constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the period 1991-2021, data on the coordinates of the administrative centers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the values of the geographic coordinates of the barycenter of vegetable growing in Russia were calculated.Results. For 2021, the geographic coordinates of the barycenter of vegetable growing in Russia are 50.30° N and 49.49° E with an average regional value with an average regional annual vegetable har-vest of 1722.52 million centners/year and fluctuations in the coordinates of the barycenter in the zone of 3-4 geographic degrees or three hundred territorial kilometers with a pronounced south-west trend Analysis of the dynamics of the barycenter for the period 1991-2021. will allow to reveal a slight shift of the vegetable growing barycenter to the south by 3.5 degrees with an increase in the average regional vegetable harvest by 124.11 million centners per year for each degree (or the all-Russian by more than 9,500 million centners per year for each degree to the south), a slight shift of the vegetable growing barycenter to the west by 4.5 degrees with an increase in the average regional vegetable har-vest by 86.5 million centners per year per degree (or the All-Russian by more than 6,660 million cent-ners per year for each degree to the west). For the period 1991-2021, two opposite trends in the devel-opment of vegetable growing are distinguished. In the period from 1991 to 2000, the movement of the coordinate of the vegetable growing barycenter went in the direction of the northeast of Russia, in the period 2000 to 2021 -- on the contrary, to the southwest.The conclusion is made about the existence of a relationship between the development of vegetable growing and the geopolitics of Russia in the period under review. The obtained method and results can be used in strategic state management of agricultural production in Russia.

Hardware industry of the Russian Federation: History of formation, current situation and forecast of development

Subject. The article discusses the economics of the hardware industry of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The study aims at the forecast assessment of production volumes of hardware products in Russia, based on the analysis of strategic planning documents for the development of the main related sectors of the economy, using steel and wire products in their operations (construction, transport, energy, industry, agriculture). Methods. The study draws on research methods, like monographic, statistical and economic, systems analysis, and forecasting. Results. We considered the main aspects of the hardware industry development in the era of the USSR and at the present time. Currently, the production of hardware has decreased fourfold, as compared to the Soviet period. The findings are important for planning the strategic development of the hardware industry and devising the industry support measures. Conclusions. According to the forecast analysis of the steel and wire production in the Russian Federation for 2030–2035 that rests on planned indicators of the branches of the national economy being the main consumers of hardware, the hardware industry should increase production volumes by 32% by 2030–2035 relative to 2023.

The Boycott Dilemma: Analysing Indonesian Consumers' Perceptions towards Russian Products

The continuing geopolitical dispute between Ukraine and Russia has far-reaching ramifications that impact consumer behaviour on a planetary scale. This study will analyse the determinants that impact Indonesian consumers' intentions to boycott Russian products. An online survey was conducted in April 2022 to collect data, with a sample of 216 respondents selected using convenient sampling procedures. An exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling were employed to analyse the data. The results indicate that consumers' anger significantly impacts boycott attitudes, product judgment, and consumer punishment. However, the attitude of boycotting does not substantially affect the desire to boycott, which goes against what was predictable. In addition, although consumer punishment has a considerable effect on boycott intention, the influence of product judgment is not crucial. These findings contribute to the current body of knowledge in international marketing research, particularly on consumer boycotts.

Willingness to Boycott Russian Goods in China: How Political Ideology Shapes Consumer Preferences in an Authoritarian Context

ABSTRACT Who is likely to engage in Anti-Russian boycotts in China? While existing literature focuses on ethnocentrism and nationalism as drivers of political consumerism, this article explores political boycotts that contradict the dominant discourse of the Chinese Communist Party. Drawing on original survey data, the article uses two ideological dimensions—social authoritarianism and attitudes to economic organisation – to delineate three distinct ideological leanings in China: liberalism, the New Left and neo-authoritarianism. The article demonstrates that liberals are more likely than others to support the boycott of Russian products. Additionally, all three groups are more willing to boycott Russian goods if they hold egalitarian attitudes. The findings shed light on the causes of anti-Russian sentiment in China and its likely implications for the Russian economy.

The impact of sanctions on the structure of foreign trade in medical devices: Evidence from the medical consumables market

Subject. The article investigates the level of health care and medical industry development in Russia. Objectives. The aim is to assess the impact of sanctions on the structure of foreign trade in medical devices, analysis of import, export and production of medical syringes in Russia for the period 2013–2023. Methods. The study employs the content analysis, comparative analysis. Results. The study found that the volume of consumption of disposable syringes changed slightly, but the sanctions had an impact on the structure of imports. China increased its market share by 32% due to a decrease in supplies from Germany, other European countries, and the United States. The cost structure of imports differs from the structure in physical terms: only three largest manufacturers in Germany import 80 % of needles to Russia. Negative balance of foreign trade is observed - the volume of syringe exports from Russia is only 2% of imports. The volume of disposable syringe production in Russia in 2023 decreased by 26% (to 724 million units). Conclusions. The development of foreign trade in medical devices is hindered by such factors as the raw material problem and imbalance of tax benefits and support measures. To increase the sustainability of the Russian medical industry, it is necessary to localize raw materials and create a register of medical polymers.

ПОДХОДЫ К ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЮ РИСК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЙ И ТУРБУЛЕНТНОЙ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗЕРНОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА)

In the modern Russian socio-economic system, there is an objective increase in uncertainty and turbulence, which requires adequate management responses. In connection with the sanctions pressure, in agriculture the strategy of reducing the risks of import dependence is becoming a stimulating factor for development. The study was conducted on the example of grain production development, which has some specifics from the standpoint of management and, in particular, risk management. The purpose of the study is to generalize approaches to risk management in an uncertain and turbulent external environment and to develop on this basis a risk distribution scheme between management entities in the risk management system adapted to the specifics of grain production. It is shown that the increase in the values of economic indicators of grain production is influenced by natural and climatic conditions, they determine the quality of grain products, costs and the complex of applied agrotechnological measures. In addition to the observed "standard" variability of natural and climatic conditions, the study also identifies extreme risk events that require forecasting and consideration when managing grain production. Also, risks in the considered sphere are caused by diversity and interdependence of such factors as natural and climatic, soil, technological, economic, social, legal, etc. In their mutual interweaving, these factors determine annual fluctuations of economic indicators (yield, gross harvest, sown area) in grain production in Russia. As a result of the study, it was established that risk management procedures in the sphere of grain production should be carried out according to the hierarchical principle with the allocation of at least two levels: the coordinating level - the executive level. Based on this idea, an industry structural and functional model of risk management at various levels of decision-making has been developed. This model has the property of dualism: some levels are simultaneously coordinating, offering strategic solutions to lower levels, and executive - for higher structures. Implementation of the developed model in the practice of risk management in grain production will increase its sustainability and predictability.

ПОДХОДЫ К ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЮ РИСК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЙ И ТУРБУЛЕНТНОЙ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗЕРНОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА)

In the modern Russian socio-economic system, there is an objective increase in uncertainty and turbulence, which requires adequate management responses. In connection with the sanctions pressure, in agriculture the strategy of reducing the risks of import dependence is becoming a stimulating factor for development. The study was conducted on the example of grain production development, which has some specifics from the standpoint of management and, in particular, risk management. The purpose of the study is to generalize approaches to risk management in an uncertain and turbulent external environment and to develop on this basis a risk distribution scheme between management entities in the risk management system adapted to the specifics of grain production. It is shown that the increase in the values of economic indicators of grain production is influenced by natural and climatic conditions, they determine the quality of grain products, costs and the complex of applied agrotechnological measures. In addition to the observed "standard" variability of natural and climatic conditions, the study also identifies extreme risk events that require forecasting and consideration when managing grain production. Also, risks in the considered sphere are caused by diversity and interdependence of such factors as natural and climatic, soil, technological, economic, social, legal, etc. In their mutual interweaving, these factors determine annual fluctuations of economic indicators (yield, gross harvest, sown area) in grain production in Russia. As a result of the study, it was established that risk management procedures in the sphere of grain production should be carried out according to the hierarchical principle with the allocation of at least two levels: the coordinating level - the executive level. Based on this idea, an industry structural and functional model of risk management at various levels of decision-making has been developed. This model has the property of dualism: some levels are simultaneously coordinating, offering strategic solutions to lower levels, and executive - for higher structures. Implementation of the developed model in the practice of risk management in grain production will increase its sustainability and predictability.