Rural Development In Indonesia Research Articles

Measuring the resilience of rural tourism in Indonesia using the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto index

Rural tourism plays a crucial role in rural development in Indonesia by providing employment opportunities, livelihood, infrastructure, cultural preservation, and environmental preservation. However, it is prone to external shocks such as natural disasters, public health events, and volatility in the national and global economy. This study measures the resilience of rural tourism to external shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 24 rural tourism destinations in Indonesia covering four years from 2019 to 2022. A synthetic composite index of the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto index (AMPI) is used to measure rural tourism resilience followed by clustering analysis to determine the typology of the resilience. The AMPI measure is also compared with the conventional Mazziotta-Pareto index (MPI) method. The resilience index is composed of capacity and performance components related to resilience. The results show that in the first year of COVID-19, most tourism villages in Indonesia were severely affected by the pandemic, yet they were able to recover afterward, as indicated by positive differences in the AMPI index before and after COVID-19. Thus, rural tourism villages in Indonesia have a strong capacity and performance to recover from pandemic shock. Lessons learned from this analysis can be applied to policies related to rural tourism resilience in developing countries.

The Social Construction of Organizational Communication Through Extension in The Mitigation Model of The Consultation on Village Development in Indonesia

Purpose: Understanding the social construction of organisational communication and deliberation is crucial to mitigating village development deliberation in Indonesia. Discrepancies in the outcomes of development deliberation from village to sub-district to district have implications for changes in the quality and quantity of development projects, which may not conform to the rules and policies set by the head village. Methods: This study employs a constructive approach and a normative qualitative method to examine village development. Primary and secondary materials, as well as legal norms, are used to collect data. The data is collected through literature review, observation, interviews, and narrative analysis based on inductive syllogism. Results and Conclusion: Organizational communication is crucial for the sustainability of development. Counseling on the concept of village development can help achieve this. The village head's policy implementation needs improvement in terms of quality and motivation. It is important to adhere to legal norms for village development. Research implications: This research examines the norms of sustainable rural development in Indonesia, providing knowledge, understanding, and skills to all parties involved. It identifies areas for improvement in the planning and implementation of development budgets to ensure quality and transparent development. Originality/value: Analyze the importance of integrating the village development budget plan with existing regulations with the social demands of the community to ensure the immediate realization of certainty and stability of development quality to lead to a special development sector in the rural economic sector that encourages economic growth of the village community.

Do internal control and information systems drive sustainable rural development in Indonesia?

This quantitative study investigates the nexus between internal control, information system implementation, good governance, village performance accountability, and sustainable rural development in a specific geographic area. The research reveals a positive and substantial correlation between internal control and village performance accountability, with effective mechanisms enhancing accountability. Likewise, applying information systems positively correlates with village performance accountability, improving transparency and efficiency. Both internal control and information system application significantly impact sustainable rural development, contributing to improved resource management and decision-making at the village level. The study underscores the importance of reinforcing internal control practices, promoting information technology adoption, and fostering village performance accountability for advancing sustainable rural development. However, limitations, such as a small sample size and geographic focus, may affect generalizability. Future research should address these limitations by expanding the sample size and employing diverse data collection methods to enhance understanding of these relationships.

Measuring Economic Resilience of Tourism Villages: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Pre and Post-Covid-19 Pandemic

Tourist village plays an important role in rural development in Indonesia. Nevertheless, tourist village is also prone to external shocks such as national and global economic volatilities and recent public health events of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study attempts to analyze a temporal variations of tourist village economic resilience from pandemic shock in 24 tourist village destinations covering the period of 2019-2022 in Indonesia. A synthetic composite index of the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto Index (AMPI) was used to measure resilience, followed by clustering analysis to determine the typology of the resilience. The resilience index was composed of capacity and performance dimension related to resilience. The results show that most villages were severely affected in the first year of Covid-19, yet they recovered afterward, as indicated by positive differences in the AMPI index before and after Covid-19. This result shows that tourist villages in Indonesia have a tendency of strong capacity and performance to recover from the pandemic shock. The economic components of the capacity and performance were able to readjust after the pandemic indicating that these components are relatively adaptable to the shocks. The indicator that has the most significant influence on the typology of resilience in the performance dimension is the number of visitors. Meanwhile, the Development Village Index (DVI) indicator is the most significant influence on the capacity dimension.

Quantifying the Effect of Religion on Rural Development in Indonesia Using the Rural Islamic Religiosity Index: A Case Study in West Sumatera Province

Quantifying the Effect of Religion on Rural Development in Indonesia Using the Rural Islamic Religiosity Index: A Case Study in West Sumatera Province

Collaborative Competency for Rural Area Development in Indonesia

Purpose: The aim of this study is to formulate a model of collaborative competence for village government officials in the context of rural development in Indonesia. This study is conducted to fill the research gap on collaborative competence in the context of rural development in Indonesia, which is considered a strategic key to supporting village development in the country. Theoretical framework: The collaborative competency model is the concept of rural community development proposed in this study. Boyatzis (1982) defined competency as an individual's capability manifested in their attitude parallel to work demand. According to Woodruffle (1992), competency should not be considered an element, but rather a concept to demonstrate one's understanding of the relationship between the expected and desired implementations of a project based on previous implementation information. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, which emphasizes on context, research settings, and subjective references. Rural development in Indonesia has received focused attention through Nawacita, and Banyumas Regency in Central Java has built an agrotourism-based site in the villages of Tanggeran, Klinting, and Kemawi in the Gunung Kendeng area, Somagede District. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of social sciences, particularly regional development. Findings: The results have Three key elements are required for effective conflict resolution. For starters, each party must be open to different perspectives and opinions while demonstrating mutual understanding and respect. Second, a collaborative capacity that allows parties to turn disagreements into opportunities for collaboration. Finally, despite existing conflicts of interest and disagreement, the ability to compromise is required to reach a mutual agreement. Research, practical & social implications: The findings of this study indicate that effective collaborative capabilities among all parties involved, including the government, community, and private sector, are necessary for the development of rural areas in Indonesia. This highlights the significance of cooperation and collaboration among different parties in striving to enhance rural welfare and development in the country. Additionally, this research contributes to the advancement of social sciences, particularly in the realm of regional development. Consequently, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance their collaborative competencies within the context of rural development in Indonesia. Originality/Value: This research could provide novel insights and solutions that the government, society, and private sector can implement to enhance sustainable and competitive rural development. Additionally, this research may contribute to the advancement of social sciences, especially in the field of regional development, and provide fresh perspectives on enhancing collaboration among the different parties involved in rural development.

Development of Smart Farming Technology on Ginger Plants in Padamulya Ciamis Village, West Java, Indonesia

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study aimed at enhancing the cultivation of ginger plants through the integration of smart farming technology. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is an essential crop in the agriculture-based economy of Indonesia, providing numerous health benefits and culinary applications. However, traditional farming methods often face challenges such as inefficiencies, resource wastage, and unpredictable yields. The research conducted in Padamulya Ciamis Village seeks to address these issues by harnessing the potential of smart farming technology. The study involves the implementation of cutting-edge agricultural tools, including Internet of Things (IoT) devices, sensor networks, and data analytics. By utilizing these advancements, the project aims to optimize the cultivation process, ensure sustainable resource management, and enhance overall productivity. The methodology of the research encompasses a mix of experimental trials, data collection, and analysis. Smart sensors are deployed to monitor critical variables such as soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and light intensity, enabling farmers to gain real-time insights into their ginger fields. The collected data is processed using machine learning algorithms, providing predictive models and personalized recommendations for cultivation practices. The results of this study demonstrate promising advancements in ginger farming practices. By implementing smart farming technology, farmers in Padamulya Ciamis Village experience optimized irrigation schedules, precise nutrient delivery, and timely pest control measures, leading to increased crop yields and improved quality. Furthermore, resource utilization efficiency is enhanced, minimizing water and fertilizer wastage, contributing to the sustainable and eco-friendly management of ginger plantations. Beyond its local implications, this research showcases the potential of smart farming technology as a transformative force in agriculture. The findings serve as a foundation for scaling up similar projects in other regions of Indonesia and beyond, contributing to the nation's agricultural modernization and food security. Finally, the development of smart farming technology on ginger plants in Padamulya Ciamis Village presents a promising pathway towards sustainable and efficient agricultural practices. By combining traditional farming knowledge with cutting-edge technology, this study exemplifies how smart farming can elevate crop cultivation, empower farmers, and foster rural development in Indonesia.

The Nurturing Food Sovereignty from the Peripheral Side: the Village Law and the Soul of Agriculture in Rural Development in Indonesia

After the enactment of the Village Law, the opportunity for the village as the spearhead of food sovereignty is widely open and the Village Law is considered a soul for village development. Village’s main activities are agriculture, including the management of natural resources with the composition of the area as a place for rural settlements, government services, social services, and economic activities. Most of the population works in the primary sector, which has various challenges to reducing or even eliminating dependence on the global food market. Rural development and the orientation of village agricultural soul so far seem to go hand in hand but tend to be particular. This study aimed to study the primary sector of agriculture and food needs as the main political discourse with the subject of the village. The study was prepared using a qualitative methodology with secondary data and policy analysis. The political economy framework is used to see how far the potential and challenges ahead are toward Indonesia's food sovereignty, amidst the onslaught of neo-liberalism in the global food system. The findings show that Village Law seeks to restore the village's dignity so that it becomes an empowered village faced with the unpreparedness of village capacity.

Reconnecting the rural periphery and indigenous sago culture through tourism

Appreciation of cultural practices related to sago by indigenous peoples in the framework of rural development in Indonesia is still very limited. Rural development is currently based more on a modernization approach that focuses on economic growth with outsider control that results in massive industrial development without considering the conditions of the region, socio-culture, and the environment, including the neglect of indigenous peoples. This paper aims to critique the sago-based rural development approach and provide perspective on how indigenous tourism can be an alternative in supporting rural development by focusing on sustainable pillars and, at the same time, restoring lost connections through indigenous ways.

Intervensi Pemerintah Desa dalam Program Pembangunan Pertanian: Suatu Pendekatan Ekonomi Politik di Konteks UU Desa 2014

In the context of the 2014 Village Law, village government intervention in agricultural development is very important in improving the welfare of village communities. This study aims to determine the intervention of the village government on agricultural development programs and to find out the opportunities and limitations of the village government in agricultural development in the village. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. This study uses Henry Bernstein's theory of agrarian political economy. Data collection was carried out through secondary data sourced from books, journals, the internet, official documents related to village government and agricultural development. Data analysis used the interactive model Miles, Huberman and Saldana. The scope of this research is limited to village government intervention in the planning and implementation of agricultural development. The findings in this study are that the change in the system from centralization to decentralization has also changed the planning of agricultural development programs in villages that are more decentralized, participatory between the community and the village government. The recommendations/implications of these findings are expected to be able to contribute findings/ideas to studies of rural development in Indonesia, particularly the role of village governments in agricultural development and a political economy perspective in agricultural development to alleviate poverty, food security, and increase the income of people in rural areas. In addition, recommendations for village government intervention in development that are more pro-poor in rural areas.

New Age of Indonesian Local Tourism Development: Community Bonding, Youth Work, and Selling Tourism

This article explores why and how youth can build community bonds in the new era of rural development in Indonesia that produces local works in the form of tourist sales products. This article uses qualitative methods through a case study approach. The research was conducted in Balkondes Wringin Putih. Starting from individual unrest into community bonds that produce youth solidity, the village succeeded in developing tourist destinations in special economic areas based on tourism. When tourism development programs become the country’s priority, youth through the provision of village tour packages can create new jobs and increase rural economic productivity. The community ties and administration in the village’s growth, resulting from the ruralization process, are contextualised in the macro-political structure of the new age of Indonesian rural development, in fact, able to develop youth-based economic resilience. As empirical research to understand the development of new rural tourism, this study learns from the practices in Balkondes about a relational view of the ever-changing mechanisms of community bonding in the modern world.

Farmers’ Subsistence in Indonesian Rice Farming

Along with the importance of the rice industry in the agricultural sector and rural development in Indonesia, it arguably requires the understanding of whether rice farmers have been experiencing changes in their agricultural practices. Within the existing literature, it is commonly found that most farmers in developing countries are characterized as subsistence farmers. This paper aims to explore what factors affecting the degree of farmers’ subsistence in the Indonesian rice industry. To this end, this study employed regression analysis using data from the national agricultural survey in 2014. The empirical results find that both the characteristics of farm households and rice on-farm characteristics have statistically significant effects on the farmers’ decision whether to commercialize or become subsistence. In addition, the farm gate price is also found to have a statistically significant effect, but the effect is found to be relatively small. In general, this study suggests that subsistence farming in the Indonesian rice industry is still significant though many literatures have emphasized the existence of structural change in the agricultural system in Indonesia.

Turning point the concept of rural development in Indonesia from top-down to bottom-up strategy

The Asian financial crisis of 1997 followed by political turmoil in 1998 has not given a significant change to agriculture and rural development in Indonesia. Throughout history, Indonesia has implemented the development of the agriculture sector under a top-down strategy. The success of this approach is marked by the achievement of rice self-sufficiency in 1984. Moreover, since the mid 1990s, Indonesia has embarked on various economic reforms that led to globalization. The Indonesian economy has become more integrated into the global economy and world market. Unfortunately, these changes were not translated properly to rural areas as there were no transition time for rural communities to adjust their economic condition to these changes. The multiplier effect that was expected as a consequence of globalization within rural economic systems was faced with difficulties such as paternalistic structure led by the elites. As a result, rural areas experienced with income gap, weak agriculture development, corruption, social problems and poverty. Meta-analysis approach is used to examine the approach that has been used in implementing program and projects. Findings from the articles showed that there is a need to do the re-orientation to the approach and increased the independency at the farmer level. The idea to develop national agriculture and rural development strategies that is based on a bottom-up approach, followed by an agrarian reform, as well as the formation of social capital and redefinition of local autonomy are the recommendation that high level decision maker could consider.

Effectiveness of Village Funds on Rural Development in Indonesia 2017 – 2021

The village is the smallest unit expected from a country that has an important role in the development of the center of community economic growth. The purpose of this study is to see the extent to which the effectiveness of village funds on village development. This study uses descriptive quantitative methods with calculations using the effectiveness ratio. The data obtained is secondary data sourced from intermediary media or obtained indirectly. The conclusion obtained is that the results of the calculation of the effectiveness ratio of village financial management during 2019 - 2021 are ineffective because the results of the 2019 effectiveness ratio are 60.38%, in 2020 the effectiveness ratio is 65.52% and in 2021 the effectiveness ratio is 15.22%. Thus, for now, village funds are not effective for village development.

Performance Analysis of Islamic Micro Finance Institutions on Sustainable Rural Development in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the influence of the performance of Islamic microfinance institutions (MFIs) in strengthening the agricultural and fisheries sector to realize sustainable rural development. The study uses quantitative method and purposive sampling method. The sample of this study was 85 agricultural and fishery business actors in Central Java, Indonesia. The variable quality of service, accessibility and philanthropic characteristics of Islamic MFIs towards sustainable rural development which mediated by strengthening of the agricultural and fisheries sector. The urgency of this research is to establish a financing model for the agriculture and fisheries sector. This study uses primary data which collected through filling out the questionnaires by business actors in the agriculture and fisheries sector. The results showed that 1) the service quality of Islamic MFIs had no impact on strengthening the agricultural and fisheries sector 2) accessibility of Islamic MFIs had a positive impact on strengthening the agricultural and fisheries sector 3) philanthropic characteristics had a positive impact on strengthening the agricultural and fisheries sector 4) strengthening the agriculture and fisheries sector has a positive impact on sustainable rural development. This research can be used as a model for channeling customer funds to finance Islamic MFIs

The Role of the Sago Supply Chain for Rural Development in Indonesia: A Review and Perspective

The Role of the Sago Supply Chain for Rural Development in Indonesia: A Review and Perspective

New Holistic Strategy of Sustainable Rural Development Management-Experience from Indonesia: A PESTEL-SOAR Analysis

This article offers a new strategy of holistic rural development by utilizing the external strengths of the rural and the internal strength based on the experience of one of the rural in Indonesia that has been succeeded in turning the rural from the poorest into the best in the national rank. The successful formula is associated with the role of village leaders in benefiting opportunities from the existing external-internal aspects. To capture more holistic development phenomena including political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal phenomena while generating new bottom-up strategies, the study uses PESTEL and SOAR analysis. This study found that the first condition for rural development in Indonesia is the development of village leadership management strength in holistically managing the potential and opportunities of external and internal villages. It changes the fundamental paradigm that holistic rural development must be seen as a whole (the village can take advantage of the existing external-internal strengths) partially (the village only focuses on utilizing the village's internal strength utilization agricultural potential). Through the PESTELs-SOAR analysis approach, the strategy offered becomes more rational and comprehensive in sustainable rural development by collaborating the village bottom-up strategy approach while still considering prevailing external conditions (more top-down).

Assessing the Social and Economic Benefits of Organic Agriculture Conversion

Unsustainability of conventional agriculture practices led to the increase of conversion to organic agriculture. This study investigates farmers’ personal motive of conversion and examine the significance of conversion period in organic agriculture practice. This study further analyses social and economic benefits of conversion to organic agriculture and its contribution in increasing sustainable rural development in Indonesia. This study uses mixed method analysis by conducting qualitative and quantitative data collection strategy. This study uses purposive sampling approach and further determined Getasan Organic Agriculture as main case study. The findings suggest that farmers’ personal motive on conversion mainly revolves around environmental concerns. Furthermore, this study found that farmers considered conversion period as opportunity costs that will result in higher social and economic benefit. Lastly, this study found that organic agriculture practice is beneficial socially and economically and is expected to be more attractive in the future. 
 
 Keywords: Organic agriculture, conversion period, motives on conversion, sustainable development.

Quadruple Helix Innovation Model for Rural Development: The Case of Sukaraja Tourist Village in Indonesia


 
 
 Tourist villages in Indonesia have a very important role in rural development. The village is the smallest unit of rural development in Indonesia that has its own autonomy in management. Even though there are many innovation models have been well developed in some parts of the world, but it has yet to be implemented in Indonesia. Quadruple helix innovation model has been introduced in developed countries to develop their countries. Thus, this model is seen suitable to be adapted in some villages in Indonesia to achieve prosperity and to improve the welfare of Indonesian society. In general, this research is aimed to adapt the quadruple helix innovation model for the tourist village in Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia. Specifically, this research is aimed to (1) identify the driver for the village development, (2) examine the process of village development, and (3) adapt a model of the village process development. The design for this research is a case study. This case study is conducted in a Sukaraja tourist village in Tasikmalaya, West Java that is chosen purposely. Sukaraja Village is chosen as a study location because it has economic potential in terms of tourism and handicrafts. From the existing condition of socioeconomic and cultural in Sukaraja Village this study adapts a quadruple helix innovation model using soft system methodology to achieve prosperity and to improve the welfare of the village community. The results of this study show that (1) the driver for the village development is a tourism industry that have to manage professionally, therefore have to run by village-owned enterprise (2) the process of village development is a holistic process and cannot be done just by single institution, and (3) the model of process development called a quadruple helix innovation model, which is using synergies from four institutions in the village, there are the village government, the village industries, the village education system and the village industrial community. As a whole, the quadruple helix innovation model can be used to improve village welfare communities and in turn will enhance the prosperity of Indonesian society as a whole.
 
 

Upgrading for whom? Relationship coffee, value chain interventions and rural development in Indonesia

Abstract Value chain upgrading interventions have emerged in recent years as a dominant approach to rural development. In coffee value chains, upgrading opportunities are presented by the growth in consumption of specialty coffees, which are associated with direct engagement with producer communities by roasting firms, along with an apparent increased commitment to social responsibility. Known in the industry as “relationship coffee”, such interventions align with a value chain approach to development and are promoted as offering upgrading opportunities for otherwise marginalized rural communities. In this article, we critique the dominant development discourse of relationship coffee in Indonesia via three case studies of livelihoods and local agrarian dynamics across three coffee-growing communities on the islands of Sulawesi, Bali and Java. We find that the relationship coffee model does present opportunities for producer upgrading. However, these benefits have been subsequently captured by key individuals within the producer community who are able to accumulate wealth and consolidate their social position. As it is currently implemented in Indonesia, the relationship coffee model has reproduced local patterns of inequality rather than contributing to poverty alleviation efforts. These insights suggest the urgent need to develop a critical political economy of upgrading in the global value chain and rural development literature.