The article examines the interrelation between the structure of mediation in bribery in modern criminal legislation of Russia and the criminal activity performed on the professional basis, justifies the need to study the prerequisites for such an interrelation when countering corruption-related crimes, determining the object of legal protection. The article is also devoted to the issues of qualification of mediation in bribery in relation to the current level of criminal policy in Russia. The authors examine the topical problems of criminal and law assessment of mediation in bribery, promises or offers of mediation in bribery based on objective and subjective characteristics of the analyzed body of the crime. The article pays attention to a number of controversial formulations in art. 291.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as applied to the theory of criminal law and modern law enforcement, offers author's interpretations, taking into account the rules of formal logic, explanations of judicial practice by the Supreme Court of Russia, determines the algorithm for qualification of mediation in bribery and criteria for distinguishing from related bodies of crimes.