Royal Way Research Articles

La influencia del humanismo y el gobierno benévolo de Mencio en la sociedad contemporánea

Abstract: Mencius inherited Confucius’ path of “benevolence” and formed a relatively complete political theory of benevolence. The concept of “benevolent governance” is also a “royal way”. Its main content is to control the people’s property, take people’s ownership, do not violate agricultural seasons and attach importance to moral education. The core of benevolent governance is Mencius’ people-oriented ideology. The concentration of his people-oriented ideology is reflected in the following three aspects: those who win the people’s hearts will win the world, the relationship between the people and the monarch, and the way of serving the monarch and the minister. Mencius’ political theory outlined the blueprint for governing the country in ancient Chinese society and had a profound impact on traditional Chinese politics. Starting from the perspective of Mencius’ “benevolent governance” and people-oriented ideology, this paper systematically discusses Mencius’ governance ideology, thereby highlighting the special significance and charm of Mencius’ political philosophy. The people-oriented ideology in Mencius’ political theory has inspired a people-oriented harmonious society’s construction in contemporary society. Mencius attaches great importance to the core concept of moral education and provides guidance for the construction of political and spiritual civilization in today’s society.

Вопрос о становлении классической традиции иранской музыки в аспекте проблемы языка и мышления

The article examines the historical prerequisites for the formation of the classical tradition of Iranian music of the Achaemenid and Sassanid dynasties period (6th century BCE — the first third of the 7th century CE) in a linguistic environment with the dominant function of the Aramaic language (Old Aramaic, Imperial Koine, Syriac/ New Aramaic dialects) at the sites of the “royal way”, where the local musical heritage of Indo-Iranian tribes melted in the phonosphere of the cosmopolitan palace vocal and instrumental music-making of ancient civilizations. The author of the article formulates the hypothesis that (1) when working with the concepts “Indo-European language family” or “Semitic language family”, we describe the contrasting mechanisms of speech information processing and transmission that (2) appear universal for different spheres of intellectual activity, including music, where they (3) are expressed in two formulae of the musical process I -- m -- t (B. Asafyev) and I -- t = m—temporalityy (G. Shamilli) (3) that is sensitive to certain patterns of thinking and (4) is fixed in the gestalt. Therefore, to think of derivation mechanisms of verbal and musical speech as unified means to provide a gestalt morphosyntactic description of structures from an interdisciplinary perspective, relying on (1) the fact of the linguistic community of cultures over a long historical period and (2) the assumption about the ability of the oral musical tradition to retain one gestalt or another with a change of the language domain.

Duhem and Natanson: Two Mathematical Approaches to Thermodynamics

In this article, the previously unrecognized contributions of Pierre Duhem and Ladislavus Natanson in thermodynamics are shown. The mathematical remodelling of a few of their principal ideas is taken into consideration, despite being neglected in the literature. To emphasize these ideas in an appropriate epistemological order, it would be crucial to first revalue and reconstruct some underrepresented parts of the proceedings process through which Duhem and Natanson created their thermodynamics. Duhem and Natanson’s scientific works are against the background of modern continuum mechanics, presenting relevant approaches. In line with the long-held beliefs of many French and Polish researchers, the article mentions that Duhem and Natanson’s ideas dated back to one century ago. Both scientists were qualified in the same Royal Way, which in this case includes chemistry, mechanic of fluid and solid, electro-chemistry, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, and relativistic and quantum mechanics. Therefore, it is possible to connect and then compare the results of their conceptions and approaches. Duhem and Natanson are both in firm opposition with Newtonian mechanisms. Thus, the Maupertuis least action principle created the ground for their efforts, in which they flourished as an elementary quantum.

“There Is No Royal Way in Philosophy…”. Historical Reply to Critics

“There Is No Royal Way in Philosophy…”. Historical Reply to Critics

The King’s Slaughterer—or, The Royal Way of Nourishing Life

This essay suggests an alternative reading of the “Cook Ding” story in the Zhuangzi as a critique of political ritual in early China and of the violent domestication regime it represents. The story satirically reverses the ritual invisibilization of a slaughter of humans and beasts. It parodies a murderous “royal way of life” by having a butcher perform a ritual slaughter in front of a ruler.

Situating St Mary-le-Strand: The Church, the City and the Career of James Gibbs

ABSTRACTJames Gibbs's church of St Mary-le-Strand has often been interpreted as an expression of his training in Rome, his Tory politics and his Roman Catholic faith. These factors, as well as the growing clout of the Palladian movement, all supposedly contributed to the architect's dismissal from the Commission for Fifty New Churches. In fact, the design was discovered slowly and by compromise, and Gibbs's dismissal was brought about by a change of monarchy, the demise of his original patrons and by the cost-cutting agenda of the new Whig regime. Rather than recent Italian sources, St Mary-le-Strand derives many of its features from the architecture of London, particularly St Paul's Cathedral. The siting of the church on the royal processional way from Westminster to St Paul's Cathedral explains many of Gibbs's design choices. Queen Anne, under whose reign the church was conceived, used the route frequently.

Outstanding Atlantic nature and culture for UNESCO World Heritage List: transhumance/trasterminance landscape of Somiedo and Royal Way of La Mesa (Asturian Massif, NW of Spain)

A change in the attitude of society towards nature and landscape (first established in the intellectual sphere and later adopted by institutions and other agents) operates in the evolution of the notion of heritage so that a territorial dimension of this concept emerges. Its consolidation is slow, both in the generalization of actions and in the conceptualization: it finds pioneering manifestations in the second half of the 19th century and is considered to be widespread since UNESCO’s Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Heritage, held in Paris in 1972. The later addition of the cultural landscape figure in the actions by this organization (1992) and the possibility of including mountain areas as World Heritage in a mixed natural-cultural type have stimulated the elaboration of this study. The purpose is to provide keys for the characterization and qualification of a mountain area already considered as a possible candidate in the UNESCO tentative list (Somiedo, NW of Spain) in order to highlight its potential as Word Heritage. Research in this sector is also presented as a test for the development of a model that could serve as a complement for candidacies in other mountain regions with profiles or categories related to the one analyzed here: transhumance and/or trasterminance landscape in Atlantic mountains. The adequacy of Somiedo, particularly Saliencia Valley and Royal Way of La Mesa (somedan strecht) as a linked centennial itinerary, is justified by the diversity of UNESCO criteria that can be met, reflecting the diversity of outstanding features associated with natural and cultural elements and phenomena. The result could be the starting point for a further task: the formulation of concrete measures for the preservation of fundamental material and immaterial elements and the conception of an integral management program.

The city of one hundred souvenir shops: authenticity of souvenirs in Prague

ABSTRACTSouvenirs are one of the symbols of destination. The method of sale and the range available to tourist are also of significant interest. Tourists take souvenirs home as memories of their trip. The question is whether souvenirs use the local potential of a destination. This article investigates the relationship between souvenirs and local culture and heritage, in a case study of Prague’s historic centre, and thus reveals the causes for introducing ‘falsely authentic’ and ‘geographically displaced’ souvenirs into a particular tourist destination. Prague as a post-socialist urban destination represents a unique case in tourism studies. The survey comprises an analysis of shops and the products offered on the ‘Royal Way’, the most visited part of Prague. This is supplemented by a structured interview with sellers in selected establishments and a questionnaire survey of tourists in this area. The results show that, although there are a number of locally specific souvenirs, the wide range of ‘banal’, ‘globalized’, ‘geographically displaced’ or ‘falsely authentic’ souvenirs reduces the quality of Prague’s souvenirs in general. The reasons for this can be found in the combination of communist heritage and the transformation processes of 1990s.

The King’s Slaughterer: Or: the Royal Way of Nourishing Life

This paper suggests an alternative reading of the “Cook Ding” story in the Zhuangzi as a critique of political ritual in early China and of the violent domestication regime it represents. The story satirically reverses the ritual invisibilization of a slaughter of humans and beasts. It parodies a murderous “royal way of life” by having a butcher perform a ritual slaughter in front of a ruler.

“Royal Way” by Mikhail Katkov

“Royal Way” by Mikhail Katkov

An Inbetweener of Manchukuo: The Colonial Interpreter in Ushijima Haruko's “A Man Named Zhu”

우시지마 하루코는 ‘주(祝)’라는 통역사를 그린 만주문학의 대표작을 남겼다. 소설 속에 등장하는 인물 주리앤티앤은 제국일본의 언어를 체득해 제국의 정책과 피지배자간을 연결하는 식민지의 ‘사이􋹲존재’였다. 그러한 통역사와 젊은 일본인 관리가 의기투합하여 만주의 농촌에서 새로운 정치를 펼쳐 나가는 모습은 만주국의 민족협화와 왕도락토를 실천하는 국책문학으로 손색이 없다. 그러나 우시지마 하루코가 이 소설 속에 그리고자 했던것은 단순히 국책에 추종하는 것이 아니라 ‘사실을 사실로 인정하고, 그것을 바른 방향으로 지켜가려는’ 지향점에 있었다. 그녀가 지향했던 지점이 무엇이었는지 작가 자신의 직접적인 말로는 표현되지 않았으나, 본 텍스트에서 그리고 있는 것은 두 주인공들이 보여주는 합리적 연대이다. 그리고 지향점과 동시에 드러나 있는 ‘만주국의 사실’은 주라는 인물이 속해 있는 회색 지대였다. 주는 지배자인 일본인들에게는 “독이 될 수도 약이 될 수도 있는 과실의 유혹”으로, 피지배자이자 동족인 중국인들에게는 ‘민족의 배신자’로 인식되었다. 본 작품은 질서/무질서, 지배/피지배, 남성/여성, 문명/야만, 인간/자연으로 깔끔하게 이분화되지 않는 영역에 있는 중간자적 ‘사이􋹲존재’의 ‘위험성’을 포착하여 그의 타자성을 부각시킴으로써 만주국이 현재 걷고 있는 길의 한계와 제국주의의 모순을 드러내고 있기도 한 것이다.Ushijima Haruko(牛島春子) wrote a masterpiece of Manchurian literature, which depicts an interpreter called “Zhu(祝)”. The character “Zhu Liantian(祝廉天)” in the novel was a colonial “inbetweener” who connects the empire s policy to the subjects by learning the language of Imperial Japan. The collaboration between such a colonial interpreter and a young Japanese official so as to create new politics in the rural areas of Manchukuo(滿洲國) is surely a good material for writing a propaganda literature to realize the Ethnic Harmony of Manchuria(民族協和) and the Imperial Paradise on the Royal way(王道樂土). However, what Ushijima Haruko wanted to describe in this novel was not the point of follow-up to the national policy but was the point of “accepting facts as facts and keeping them in the right direction”. Although the point she intended was not expressed in her own words, a rational union of the two characters could be found in the text. In addition, “the facts of Manchukuo”, which were spontaneously revealed with the points, were a gray zone to which Zhu belonged. Zhu was perceived as “the temptation to be a poison or a medicine” to the ruling Japanese, and as “a betrayer of the nation” to the subject Chinese. This novel emphasizes his otherness by capturing the “danger” of the intermediary “inbetweener” in areas which are not clearly distinguished by order/disorder, domination/domination, male/female and civilization/barbarism. Also, it describes the limitation of the current situation in Manchukuo and the contradiction of imperialism.

Techniques of Creating Optical Effects of Three-dimensional construction, plane composition and constructs at the Gardens of Versailles

This research goes beyond previously existing research in classifying the visual effects techniques employed at the Gardens of Versailles; the research is based on new on-site confirmation of the effects, and it also details some newly discovered visual effects techniques. The following three points have been made clear. First, looking west from the terrace above the Latona Fountain, the three vanishing points of the lines of perspective of the Latona flower beds, the Royal Way (the Green Carpet), and the Grand Canal, respectively, appear to gradually climb higher and higher, due to the difference between the slope of the land and the slope of the surface of the water, and this evokes an impressive soaring sensation. Second, the two pieces of land at the front slope downwards, and the Grand Canal is flat, but the illusion of an intersecting slope causes the surface of the water of the Grand Canal to appear to be facing forwards and rising up, in an extremely striking visual effect. Third, we can assume that Le Nôtre composed these effects deliberately.

Представления о «царском пути» в византийском богословии и аскетике: на примере учения о шествии души к Богу преподобного Никиты Стифата

Представления о «царском пути» в византийском богословии и аскетике: на примере учения о шествии души к Богу преподобного Никиты Стифата

Finding the royal way to stimulate and evaluate integrated care in Europe

Integrated care is the most promising concept to tackle the increasing threat of chronic diseases by redesigning care and changing patient lifestyle and care provider behaviour. However, the evidence about integrated care in the literature is inconclusive. This might be largely explained by flaws in the development, delivery, evaluation and implementation of integrated care thus far. Therefore, the research agenda for integrated care should focus on the adequate development, comprehensive evaluation and successful implementation of integrated care in order to support the collaboration of health authorities, payers, care providers and patient organisations towards integrating care. These issues are not explicitly addressed in the current HORIZON 2020 work programme. This letter provides a short list of topics for future research in integrated care to provide evidence about the (cost-)effectiveness of integrated care.

Actants of Manipulative Communication

The study starts from assumption that together with disinfomation, intoxication, and propaganda, the manipulation is a form of persuasion, a form of persuasive communication. The manipulation is a communicative action. By the way of meta-analytical method, we emphasize some ideas. The royal way of promoting the decisive interests is manipulation-, often accompanied by constraints and violence. The world is divided into amateur manipulators and professional manipulators. Professionals are those whose job is exactly to get something from the others. The action of manipulation is not an activity performed on inspiration, randomly and by ear. Manipulation is a structured, organised and planned persuasive intervention. As actants of manipulative communication are retained journalists, priests, businessmen, sellers, scholars, teachers, artists, writers, notabilities.

La lógica periodística en sentido epistemológico

This article supposes a sketch of philosophy of the journalistic information and, in last instance, an advance of Theory of the Truth applied to the informative practice, as it is given, in a royal way, consciously or not, in the activity of the professional journalists. The media information, which might affiliate to a root of the Jewish truth in the sense in which he needs from the confidence (emunah) from the user, gets stuck in the adecuatio; also, certainly, in Popper’s fallibilism, and, beyond the isomorphism of Wittgenstein in the Tractatus, his terms of reference connote and presuppose real reality, not only to the “unspeakable thing”, but even to the lie. Only the normative, ethical moment, there corrects this dream of the journalistic and false logic his claimed absolute objectivity of procedural character.

O inconsciente: trabalhador ideal

In this paper about what Freud considered as the royal way to the unconscious, – the dream – we want to question the practice of interpretation. Retaking Lacan’s affirmation about the dream as an ideal worker in Television (1974), we make an hypothesis of the limits of the interpretation of the sense of the dream. We return to Freud’s papers about the work of the dream where he introduces the dimension of jouissance which is present in the desire of sleep. One dream of Freud can illustrates this dimension of dream’s jouissance where the interpretation is reduced to a written formula. The dream is no more considered as a message of the unconscious, but a translation of a way of jouissance. This point can promote the dimension of the letter as a form of interpretation that touch the real of the unconscious’s experience.

Modeling pulsations in hot stars with winds

The interaction pulsation/mass loss takes different aspects. Pulsations can trigger mass loss as in LBVs and Miras; on the other hand, mass loss can modify the driving conditions within the stars. But the most spectacular aspect is the effect on stellar models which, in turn, opens a royal way to asteroseismology to test physical conditions inside massive stars, such as the extent of convective cores or the appearance of new driving mechanisms. We start with a discussion on MS stars and their strange mode instabilities. We then move on to the excitation of the LBV phenomenon. WR stars and the newly observed MOST period in WR123 are discussed in view of the power of asteroseismology. We then turn to B supergiants, in particular HD163899, and show how asteroseismology can really probe convection, semiconvection and mass loss.

Four facets of a single brain: behaviour, cerebral blood flow/metabolism, neuronal activity and neurotransmitter dynamics.

Is functional neuroimaging a royal way to understand brain function or is it a new phrenology without an exact understanding what we measure? After two decades of imaging revolution, more and more authors ask this question. Brain functions are multidimensional, which can be approached from the point of (1) behavioural measures, (2) brain activation as reflected by blood flow and metabolic changes, (3) electrical activity of cells and cell-populations, and (4) neurotransmitter dynamics (release, receptor binding and reuptake). Using imaging techniques, we must take into consideration that even during the simplest task all of these processes operate in a closely interacting manner. Therefore, before drawing final conclusions about brain functions on the basis of a single aspect of these mechanisms, we must clarify the exact relationship among them. In this paper, we address this issue in order to draw attention to a number of uncertainties and controversies in the relationship of the four facets of brain functions.

Finding God in the Silence: Contemplative Prayer and Therapy

In this paper the author shares some of his experiences of using silence in therapy. He presents one of the modes of practicing silence, namely the meditation technique known as Contemplative Prayer, and shows advantages of using this technique in the process of self-purification and self-balancing of the therapist. The author stipulates that silence is a royal way to discovering God. Finding this divine particle within oneself and client changes the whole outlook of therapy. The therapist is no longer alone with the client, but God becomes an active participant in the therapeutic process through His love for both therapist and client.