Routing In Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks Research Articles

An Energy Efficient Tree-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

The recent technological advances in micro electromechanical systems have promoted the development of a powerful class of sensor-based distributed intelligent systems capable of retrieving multimedia information, namely Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). WMSNs are gaining more popularity day by day as they are envisioned to support a large number of both non-real time and real-time multimedia applications. Routing in WMSN is very challenging task. Multipath establishes several path for data transmission rather than single path. In this paper we proposed An Energy Efficient Tree Based Multipath Routing for WMSN’s (EETMRP) technique that will intend to provide a reliable transmission of data for data synchronization at the destination node with low energy consumption. This is done by efficiently utilizing the energy availability and the received signal strength of the nodes to identify multiple routes to the destination. EETMRP discusses that all of the packets of audio, image and scalar data are spread over the nodes lying on different possible paths between the source and the sink, in proportion to their residual energy and received signal strength. The objective of EETMRP is to assign more loads to highest energetic paths and fewer loads to lower energetic paths so that uniform resource utilization of all available paths can be ensured. It uses multiple paths between source and the sink which is intended to provide a reliable transmission environment with low energy consumption, by efficiently utilizing the energy availability of the nodes to identify multiple routes to the destination and efficiently balanced the loads of all sensor nodes. We also focused on node failure and it recovery process during packet transmission and during the start of packet transmission. Finally we proposed an algorithm based on our proposal to simulate and analysis our proposed routing protocol.

Self-improved butterfly optimization algorithm based cooperative routing model in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Due to its potential influence, Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) receive a lot of attention from numerous appealing applications and the scientific studies that surround them. Over the past few years, the most active area of the research field has been routing in WMSNs. Additionally, the routing protocol is used to transfer the multimedia data that identifies the most effective resources and stable paths, as well as to guarantee various degrees of Quality-of-Experience (QoE) and Quality Of Service (QoS). It remains a difficult aspect, nevertheless, due to the complex responsibilities of multimedia, dynamic variations in network state, and a shortage of network resources. In order to choose the most appropriate cooperative nodes, this research seeks to implement a Deep Belief Network (DBN) based decision-making system. In addition, restrictions such as Tri-level energy consumption of nodes (Level 1: Low energy level for textual data, Level 2: Mid energy level for text, image, and video information, Level 3: Highly energetic level for high definition pictures), (ii) Reliability, and (iii) Delay are investigated while transferring the multimedia data in the network. Self-Improved Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (SIBOA) is proposed to tune the optimal weight of the DBN in order to make the correct choice. Finally, a comparison of the selected scheme's performance to various conventional schemes is made in terms of alive nodes, delay, residual energy, network lifetime, and reliability analysis.

Cooperative routing in wireless multimedia sensor network with deep learning based decision making system

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) provide great attention on various attractive applications and their scientific researches due to their potential impact. For the past few years, the most active area related to the research field is routing in WMSNs. Moreover, the multimedia data is transmitted based on the routing protocol for determining the efficient resources and stable path, and also provides different levels of Quality-of-Experience (QoE)/Quality-of-Service (QoS) assurance. Still, it is the difficult aspect based on the complicated operations of multimedia applications, dynamic changes of network condition and limited network resources. This paper intends to introduce a Deep Belief Network (DBN) oriented decision making system to select the suitable cooperative nodes. Moreover, constraints like (i) Tri-level energy consumption of nodes-Level 1: Low energy level for text information, Level 2: Medium energy level for text, image and video information, Level 3: High energy level for high definition pictures (ii) Reliability, and (iii) Delay are examined while transmitting the multimedia information in the network. To make the precise decision, it is planned to tune the optimal weight of DBN by a new hybrid Dragon Integrated Firefly (DIFF) algorithm that combines the concept of Firefly Optimization (FF) and Dragonfly Optimization (DA) algorithm. At last the performance of the adopted scheme is computed over other traditional schemes with respect to alive nodes, delay, residual energy, network lifetime and reliability analysis.

A Review of Secure Routing Approaches for Current and Next-Generation Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Multimedia applications are gradually becoming an essential—and flourishing—part of our daily lives. The area of wireless sensor networks is not an exception to this trend, as multimedia data have attracted the attention of researchers. Their importance is due to the shift of focus from traditional scalar sensors to sensors equipped with multimedia devices, as well as to the next-generation wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs). The highly sensitive nature of multimedia traffic makes data routing with security even more important in WMSNs. This paper discusses the challenges of secure routing in WMSNs, where most of the proposed works in the literature deal with routing and security as individual issues. A critical and comprehensive review of state-of-the-art routing and security approaches for WMSNs is presented, followed by the discussion of their limitations and features. It is hoped that this extensive review and discussion ultimately identifies the future research directions and the open challenges of secure routing approaches in WMSNs.

Trust Integrated Congestion Aware Energy Efficient Routing forWireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (TCEER)

Congestion control and energy consumption in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network is a new research subject which has been ushered in through the introduction of multimedia sensor nodes that are capable of transmitting large volume of high bit rate heterogeneous multimedia data. Most of the existing congestion control algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks do not discuss the impact of security attacks by the malicious nodes in network congestion. Sensor nodes are prone to failure and malicious nodes aggravate congestion by sending fake messages. Hence, isolation of malicious nodes from data routing path reduces congestion significantly. Considering that, we have proposed a new Trust Integrated Congestion Aware Energy Efficient Routing algorithm, in which malicious nodes are identified using the concept of trust. The parameter Node Potential is computed, on the basis of the trust value, congestion status, residual energy and the distance of the node from the base station, using Fuzzy Logic Controller. The source node selects the node with the highest potential in its one hop radio range for data transmission which is light weight as well as energy efficient. Finally, merits of the proposed scheme are discussed by comparing them with existing protocols and the study exhibits 25% improvements in network performance.

A multichannel design for QoS aware energy efficient clustering and routing in WMSN

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are used in video surveillance applications for disaster management inside buildings. There is unavailability of electricity in a building during a disastrous situation. To have an energy efficient and real–time data delivery, a Quality of Service (QoS) aware energy efficient routing technique is proposed in this paper. It tries to find a route that meets the real–time data delivery deadlines by minimising the energy consumption. Also, WMSNs usually employ single channel design approach whereas at a given instant several video or image streams should be delivered. Based on the channel conditions, a game theory based distributed multichannel allocation mechanism is proposed which improves the network performance parameters in varying channel conditions. These network design mechanisms are investigated using NS–2 simulator for a test case application. It is shown that the combined approach leads to further reduction in the energy consumption by meeting the data reporting deadlines.