Route Research Articles

A Stream-Order Family and Order-Based Parallel River Network Routing Method

A Stream-Order Family and Order-Based Parallel River Network Routing Method

A Novel Opportunistic Network Routing Method on Campus Based on the Improved Markov Model

Opportunities networks’ message transmission is significantly impacted by routing prediction, which has been a focus of opportunity network research. The network of student nodes with smart devices is a particular type of opportunity network in the campus setting, and the predictability of campus node movement trajectories is also influenced by the regularity of students’ social mobility. In this research, a novel Markov route prediction method is proposed under the campus background. When two nodes meet, they share the movement track data of other nodes stored in each other’s cache in order to predict the probability of two nodes meeting in the future. The impact of the node within the group is indicated by the node centrality. The utility value of the message is defined to describe the spread degree of the message and the energy consumption of the current node, then the cache is managed according to the utility value. By creating a concurrent hash mapping table of delivered messages, the remaining nodes are notified to delete the delivered messages and release the cache space in time after the messages are delivered to their destinations. The method suggested in this research can successfully lower the packet loss rate, minimize transmission latency and network overhead, and further increase the success rate of message delivery, according to experimental analysis and algorithm comparison.

Reading and writing, a window to the universe of children

El proyecto de lectura y escritura en el preescolar constituye un ejercicio de investigación orientado a identificar el proceso pedagógico para conducir el aprestamiento a estas operaciones en niños de cuatro a seis años, que asisten a algunas instituciones educativas públicas y privadas del área metropolitana de Bucaramanga. Además de precisar la ruta pedagógica que más se acerca a las necesidades de la población, este proyecto busca proponer unas orientaciones básicas dirigidas a maestros sobre el aprestamiento al proceso de lectoescritura. La propuesta surge de inquietudes sentidas por los autores, después de realizar unos estudios de investigación que les permitieron conocer y comprender prácticas pedagógicas y necesidades educativas de la población infantil, y que necesariamente deben ser atendidas, para fortalecer los procesos propios del desarrollo de los niños antes de llevarlos a la lectura y escritura formal. Con el estudio investigativo se pudo establecer diferentes acciones que promueven el aprestamiento y por tanto conforman la ruta pedagógica: acciones del campo cognitivo; acciones del campo socioafectivo; acciones del campo comunicativo y, por último, acciones del campo psicomotor. El proyecto se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cualitativo, diseño de investigaciónacción. Consideramos que esta forma de indagación ha permitido acercarnos de una manera natural a los centros educativos y aulas de clase, y construir conocimiento situado mediante la práctica pedagógica analizada y reflexionada de manera permanente. Así mismo podemos concluir insistiendo en la necesidad de fortalecer los proyectos educativos institucionales de los centros escolares en cuanto a diseños curriculares activos, creativos, innovadores y lúdicos.

Диагностика и лечение внебольничной пневмонии у детей

На практике, особенно в амбулаторных условиях, серьезными проблемами педиатрии являются ранняя диагностика и рациональная терапия пневмонии у детей. Наиболее распространенными возбудителями при внебольничной пневмонии являются Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae и другие микроорганизмы, в том числе вирусы и грибы. Следует уточнить, что этиология заболеваний нижнего респираторного тракта резко отличается в разных возрастных группах. Самой частой причиной внебольничной пневмонии (до 50 %) является S.pneumoniae, реже встречаются такие палочки, как E.сoli, Klebsiella spp., C.trachomatis, Mycoplasma, Ureаplasma. У детей старше 5 лет в этиологической структуре внебольничной пневмонии наряду с S.рneumoniae возрастает значимость Mycoplasma рneumoniae. Резистентность возбудителей инфекции к антибактериальным препаратам — нарастающая глобальная проблема. Алгоритм диагностики внебольничной пневмонии включает фебрильную температуру продолжительностью > 3 дней, цианоз, одышку при отсутствии признаков бронхиальной обструкции, кашель. Тахипноэ является одним из лучших предикторов пневмонии у детей всех возрастов. При физикальном обследовании — наличие укорочения перкуторного звука в зоне поражения, бронхиальное или ослабленное дыхание, звучные мелкопузырчатые или крепитирующие хрипы. Для диагностики нетяжелых внебольничных пневмоний вполне достаточно ограничиться клиническими симптомами, рентгенографией легких, общим анализом крови. Начальная антибиотикотерапия внебольничной пневмонии проводится эмпирическим путем. При лечении нетяжелых внебольничных пневмоний у детей от 2 мес. до 5 лет препаратом выбора является амоксициллин перорально. Макролиды — препараты выбора у детей от 5 до 16 лет. При тяжелой пневмонии препаратами выбора являются амоксициллин/клавуланат, цефалоспорины II, III, IV поколения. В целом продолжительность антибиотикотерапии при внебольничной пневмонии, вызванной типичными бактериями, составляет 7–10 дней, атипичными бактериями — 10–14 дней. В реальной клинической практике при проведении антибактериальной терапии нередко наблюдаются ошибки, связанные с выбором препарата, пути введения, дозировки, режима применения, длительности курса.

Analysis on death trend in AIDS patients and related risk factors in China

Objective: To understand the basic characteristics of death cases, analyze the death trends in AIDS patients and the risk factors in China and provide evidence for the development of AIDS prevention and control strategy. Methods: The data were collected from the national basic information system of HIV/AIDS. The information of the cases in AIDS phase were used. The death number and mortality trends in AIDS cases were described, and Cox Proportion Hazards Regression Model was constructed to assess hazard ratios (HR) for independent variables. Results: By the end of 2019, a total of 582 472 AIDS cases, including 168 391 deaths, had been reported in China. Among the death cases, males accounted for 76.8% (129 343/168 391), heterosexual contact was the main transmission route, accounting for 60.9% (102 516/168 391). The proportion of the death cases who had ever received ART was 54.0% (90 888/168 391). The inter-quartile (P25, P75) of first CD4＋T cells counts (CD4) was 34 cells/μl, 240 cells/μl. Up to 43.5% (73 191/168 391) of the deaths occurred within one year after diagnosis. From 2007 to 2019, the annual death number increased from 5 485 to 18 737, the mortality rates decreased form 10.9%% to 4.3%. The average time interval from diagnosis to death ranged from 1.4 year to 4.0 years, showing increase trend by year. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that older age (50- years old: HR=1.50; ≥65 years old: HR=2.00), being male (HR=1.44)、being in minority ethnic group (HR=1.10), having lower first CD4 levels (0- cells/μl, HR=2.73;200- cells/μl, HR=1.33; 350- cells/μl,HR=1.13), heterosexual transmission route (HR=1.64) and injecting drug use (HR=1.79) were the risk factors related to deaths in AIDS patients. The higher educational levels (junior middle school: HR=0.86, senior high school and above: HR=0.59) and receiving antiviral treatrment (HR=0.09) were protective factors. Conclusions: The number of death cases increased, meanwhile the mortality rates decrease year by year in AIDS patients in China during 2007-2019. It is necessary to strengthen the early detection and treatment of AIDS to reduce the mortality.

Study on the Travel Route and Publication History of Guo Songtao's The Record of an Envoy to the West

Study on the Travel Route and Publication History of Guo Songtao's The Record of an Envoy to the West

Osmanlı Döneminde (1915-1918) Bandırma-İstanbul Deniz Ulaşımı ve Vapur Yolcu Listeleri

Bandirma, cografi konumu ve denizyoluyla Istanbul’a yakinligi nedeniyle ozellikle Osmanli Devleti’nin son doneminde buyuk onem kazanmistir. Bandirma-Istanbul denizyolu daha once de kullanilmakla birlikte modern donemde bu kullanim gittikce yogunlasan bir seyir izlemis ve bu durum Bandirma kenti ve limaninin daha islevsel hale gelmesini saglamistir. Basta gida maddeleri olmak uzere Istanbul’un cesitli ihtiyaclarinin karsilanmasi hususunda Bandirma’dan saglanan mallardaki artisa paralel olarak Bandirma-Istanbul arasi vapur seferlerinin yani sira yolcu sayisinda da artis kaydedilmistir. 19. yuzyilin sonlarina dogru Bandirma limaninin verilen hizmetler acisindan yetersiz kalmasi nedeniyle; iskelenin buyutulmesi, limandaki hizmet alanlarinin genisletilmesi ve gece seferlerindeki riski ortadan kaldirmak amaciyla belirli yerlere deniz fenerleri insa edilmesi gibi bazi insa ve imar faaliyetleri yapilmistir. Bu calisma, Bandirma-Istanbul denizyolunun Osmanli donemindeki onemine dikkat cekmeyi ve 1915-1918 yillari arasinda Bandirma’dan Istanbul’a sefer yapan vapurlara ait yolcu listelerini analiz etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Listelerin yer aldigi belgeler sayica az olmasina ve bir seri teskil etmemesine ragmen yolcularin kimlikleri, meslekleri, nereden geldikleri ve Istanbul’da nerede konaklayacaklari gibi bilgileri icermesi acisindan onem arz etmektedir. Makalede soz konusu bilgiler tasnif edilmis, mumkun oldugu olcude sayisal verilere donusturulmus ve 1915-1918 yillari arasinda Bandirma-Istanbul denizyolu guzergâhini kullanan yolcularla ilgili iktisadi ve sosyolojik bazi degerlendirmeler yapilmaya calisilmistir.

Rotte e vie di comunicazione attraverso i monti sicani durante il neolitico: ipotesi di viabilità di lunga durata tra Campofranco e Milena (CL)

The paper deals with the study of routes developed, starting from the Middle Neolithic, through the Sicani mountains, a fundamental passage of lines of communication that connected the Palermo coast to the Agrigento coast. The study of the location of the settlements and the morphology of the territory made it possible, with the help of the GIS, to reconstruct the development of the road network during historical and prehistoric periods.

Quantificação da geodiversidade e suas implicações para a geoconservação da Estrada Real – porção centro-norte do Caminho dos Diamantes

O Caminho dos Diamantes está localizado no Estado de Minas Gerais e pertence à Estrada Real, importante rota turística do país. Especificamente a porção centro-norte do Caminho dos Diamantes, com área de 20.977,23 km2, possui relevantes valores culturais e naturais com grande potencial para uso turístico. Neste trabalho apresenta-se um mapeamento quantitativo da geodiversidade desta porção da Estrada Real por meio da análise de dados espaciais digitais processados em sistemas de informação geográfica. Para o cálculo do índice de geodiversidade utilizou-se as seguintes variáveis: geologia, relevo, solo, cavidades naturais e hidrografia. O resultado final é um mapa síntese com os índices classificados em cinco categorias: muito baixo (0,8%), baixo (35,8%), médio (31,6%), alto (30,9%) e muito alto (0,9%). Cerca de 1/3 da área de estudo é composta por áreas de alta e muito alta geodiversidade. Apesar das áreas de muito alta geodiversidade se apresentarem com baixo valor relativo, estas estão situadas, sobretudo, no entorno da rota principal da Estrada Real e apenas uma mínima parte desta está amparada e protegida por uma Unidade de Conservação – Área de Proteção Ambiental Morro da Pedreira. Os resultados podem auxiliar o poder público na identificação de áreas (alta e muito alta geodiversidade) que devem ser prioritárias para ações de conservação e aproveitamento turístico.

Penentuan Rute Pelayaran Zona Pantai yang Optimal dengan System Kombinasi Navigasi Datar dan Navigasi Eletronik ( Studi Kasus Alur Muara Pelabuhan Perikanan Kabupaten Bone )

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi posisi benda bantu navigasi dan karang berbahaya guna optimalisasi rute pelayaran yang efektif berdasarkan kombinasi tampilan peta laut kertas, GPS Map dan tampilan aplikasi google eart. Metode yang di gunakan adalah observasi Sedangkan data di Analisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk gambar dan tabel, untuk perhitungan titik koordinat dan nilai jarak di gunakan menu yang terdapat pada aplikasi Google Earth Pro 2019, menu pada GPS map Garmin 585 dan titik jarak pada peta laut kertas dengan menjangka peta (plotting). Hasil penelitian menunjukan Adanya perbedaan tampilan posisi dan jarak suatu benda bantu navigasi yang terdapat pada Buku Publikasi Navigasi (Buku DSI 2014) dengan kombinasi pengukuran lapangan berkisar 737 – 935 meter, selain itu terdapat perbedaan Jumlah dan posisi tanda bahaya (karang) pada tampilan aplikasi google eart, peta laut kertas dan peta laut eletronik pada GPS garmin 585, Untuk itu pengukuran secara kombinasi sangat perlu di lakukan, terutama pemanfaatan aplikasi google eart untuk validasi sehingga terciptanya dan adanya Rute pelayaran baru pada Zona Pantai Alur Muara Pelabuhan Perikanan Kabupaten Bone Yang Optimal Dengan System Kombinasi Navigasi Datar dan Navigasi Eletronik.

Review of the Book Maria F. Vidiassova “Tunisia. Route to the XXI Century”. (M.: Sadra, 2018)

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Alfaiates no Novo Mundo: a presença de alfaiates italianos no Brasil (1875-1906)

No presente artigo visa-se tratar da presença de alfaiates italianos no Brasil onde vários profissionais encontraram oportunidades de empreender os seus estabelecimentos em diversos centros urbanos brasileiros entre o final do século XIX e no princípio do XX. A fonte que se selecionou para realizar a proposta de pesquisa exposta foi o almanaque Il Brasile e gli Italiani organizado e publicado pelo jornal Fanfulla em 1906 em São Paulo. Portanto, a partir do almanaque pretende-se apresentar e analisar o percurso de alfaiates peninsulares que encontraram um espaço propício para exercerem seu ofício no contexto urbano brasileiro durante o final do século XIX e início do XX.

Passionate about the apprenticeship route

Passionate about the apprenticeship route

Knowledge and behavior towards COVID-19 among primary and middle school students in Guangdong Province

Objective To understand the knowledge and behavior towards COVID-19 among primary and middle school students in Guangdong province, so as to provide basis for health education on epidemic prevention and control. Methods An online questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 222 403 primary and middle school students in Guangdong Province from March 8 to 31, 2020. Results In Guangdong Province, 96.28%, 80.01% and 38.58% of primary and middle school students knew the transmission route of the novel coronavirus was droplet transmission, contact transmission and aerosol transmission respectively, and 78.22% of the students knew the two main transmission routes. Among COVID-19 prevention and control measures, the top three well-known measures were mask wearing (99.69%), frequent hand washing (99.06%) and social distancing (96.21%). During the pandemic, 88.48% of students wore masks every time they went out, 32.15% reported that they needed parental supervision, and 53.97% reported they would continue wearing masks after the pandemic. 87.21% of students washed their hands every time after going out, 18.78% reported that they needed parental supervision, and 94.92% reported that they would continue washing their hands frequently after the pandemic. Conclusion Primary and middle school students in Guangdong Province had high rates of awareness on transmission route and prevention and control measures of COVID-19. During the pandemic, the rates of wearing masks or washing hands every time after going out was high, and the rates of behavior intention of washing hands after the pandemic was high. 【摘要】 目的 了解广东省中小学生新型冠状病毒肺炎（以下简称“新冠肺炎”）认知及行为情况，为开展有针对性的疫 情防控健康教育提供依据。 方法 2020年3月8—31日通过问卷星网络平台对1 222 403名广东省中小学生开展问卷调 査。 结果 广东省中小学生对新冠肺炎通过呼吸道飞沫传播、接触传播、气溶胶传播的知晓率分别为96.28%，80.01%和 38.58%，同时选择呼吸道飞沫传播和接触传播2种途径的比例为78.22%。新冠肺炎的防控措施中知晓率排在前3位的为 戴口罩(99.69%)、勤洗手(99.06%)和不聚集(96.21%)。广东省中小学生在疫情期间外出每次戴口罩的比例为88.48%， 32.15%的学生报告戴口罩需要家长监督，53.97%的学生报告在疫情过后会坚持戴口罩。外出回来每次洗手的比例为 87.21%，18.78%的学生报告洗手需要家长监督，94.92%的学生报告疫情过后会坚持勤洗手。 结论 广东省中小学生对新 冠病毒的传播途径和防控措施有较髙的知晓率，疫情期间外出每次戴口罩和回来洗手的比例较髙，疫情过后坚持洗手的行 为意向比例较髙。

Epidemiological features, diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis in China

Melioidosis is a kind of zoonosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei . It is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. In China, the epidemic is mainly in the southern region, and the focus is Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, etc. With the development of tourism and trade, imported cases have appeared in other non epidemic areas in China. The infection route of melioidosis is mainly through wound, mucous membrane, respiratory tract, digestive tract, etc. Its pathological changes can involve all organs of the body, which is easy to cause high misdiagnosis rate and mortality rate. However, there are some limitations in the current epidemic screening technology of melioidosis in China. In terms of prevention and control, there is no effective disease monitoring and disease reporting system, and the popularization of disease knowledge by grassroots doctors and the public is not enough. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to improve the importance of Chinese medical workers to the disease, which will be summarized from the following five aspects: etiological characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control measures. 摘要： 类鼻疽病是由类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌 ( Burkholderia pseudomallei ) 感染引起的一类人畜共患病, 主要流行于全 球热带及亚热带地区。在我国主要流行于南部地区, 疫源地为海南、广东、广西、台湾等。伴随着旅游业和贸易业的发 展, 我国其他非疫区出现了输入性病例。类鼻疽病的感染途径主要为经伤口、粘膜、呼吸道、消化道等, 其病变可涉及 机体所有器官, 易造成较高的误诊率和病死率。然而我国目前类鼻疽病的流行病筛查技术存在一定的局限性, 在防控 方面未实行有效的疾病监测和疾病报告制度, 对基层医师和民众疾病知识普及的力度不够。因此, 本文旨在提高我国 医务工作者对类鼻疽病的重视程度, 从类鼻疽病的病原学特征、流行病学特征、临床特征、诊断与治疗、防控措施这五 个方面进行详细综述。

Φ1.05 m轻量化反射镜设计与制造

针对Ф1.05 m空间光学系统主镜的设计指标要求，提出了轻量化反射镜结构优化设计的新方法，并建立了反射镜结构自动化仿真分析与优化设计平台，基于此平台确定了性能优异的主镜结构设计方案。主镜重量小于50 kg，轻量化率已接近国外先进水平；主镜在三球铰支撑下的第一阶模态频率为361.2 Hz，自由状态下的一阶非零模态频率为501.9 Hz；在1 ℃均匀温度变化下，不去离焦和去除离焦之后的面形RMS分别为0.55 nm和0.10 nm；主镜在30g过载加速度作用下的最大应力为16.1 MPa，均满足设计要求。采用目前最先进的第三代大口径反射镜加工工艺，路线为超精密铣磨—小磨头数控研抛—离子束精修，实现主镜面形误差的确定性去除。为保证面形检测结果的天地一致性，发展了重力卸载技术和面形误差数据后处理技术，剔除重力和其他系统误差对检测的影响。主镜最终面形精度达到0.011λ RMS，获得了高精度的光学面形，也证明了方案的合理性。

Adaptive and Robust Routing With Lyapunov-Based Deep RL in MEC Networks Enabled by Blockchains

The most recent development of the Internet of Things brings massive timely sensitive and bursty data flows. Also, joint optimization on storage, computation, and communication is in need for multiaccess edge computing frameworks. The adaptive network control has been explored using deep reinforcement learning (RL), but it is not sufficient for bursty network traffic flows, especially when the network traffic pattern may change over time. We formulate the routing control in an environment with time-variant link delays as a Lyapunov optimization problem. We identify that there is a tradeoff between optimization performance and modeling accuracy when the propagation delays are included. We propose a novel deep RL (DRL)-based adaptive network routing method to tackle the issues mentioned above. A Lyapunov optimization technique is used to reduce the upper bound of the Lyapunov drift, improving queuing stability in networked systems. By modeling the network traffic pattern using the Markovian arrival process, we show that network routing problems can be modeled as Markov decision processes and value-iteration-based RL methods can be used to solve them. We design a blockchain-based protocol using proof of elapsed time consensus mechanism to ensure a trustworthy network statistics information exchange for the routing framework. Experiment results show that the proposed method can learn a routing policy and adapt to the changing environment. The proposed method outperforms the baseline backpressure method in multiple settings and converges faster than existing methods. Moreover, the DRL module can effectively learn a better estimation of the long-term Lyapunov drift and penalty functions, providing superior results in terms of the backlog size, end-to-end latency, age of information, and throughput. Furthermore, the blockchain-based network statistics exchange can provide the routing framework against malicious nodes. In addition, the proposed model performs well under various topologies, and thus can be used in general cases.

Violência sexual contra trabalhadora do comércio varejista: Um estudo de caso sobre acidente de trabalho de trajeto

Os dados sobre o crime de estupro permanecem subnotificados nos sistemas de informações, apesar de ocorrerem diariamente e, não raro, em situação de relação com o trabalho, como casos típicos que ocorrem no próprio local onde se desenvolvem as atividades laborais ou no trajeto de ida ou retorno do local de trabalho. O presente estudo objetiva analisar um caso de estupro que culminou com a sua notificação como acidente de trabalho de trajeto e emissão de Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho (CAT), tornando-se relevante, na medida em que pode ser utilizado como um instrumento de educação profissional para a notificação assertiva nos sistemas de informações que, por sua vez, fornecerão dados que subsidiarão a formulação de políticas públicas direcionadas ao enfrentamento da violência sexual contra a mulher.

COVID-19 - gastrointestinal and gut microbiota-related aspects.

The aim of this review paper was to discuss the gut microbiota-related aspects of COVID-19 patients. We presented the faecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2, gut microbiota imbalance, and fecal microbiota transplantation as a hidden source of this virus. We analyzed the available literature (PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar databases) regarding COVID-19 and gut microbiota related aspects. The gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort/pain, may occur in these patients. Notably, these symptoms may contribute to the severity of COVID-19. Recent several studies have revealed a new SARS-CoV-2 transmission possibility, opening a fresh view on COVID-19. It is observed the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via faecal-oral route. Fecal microbiota transplantation may be a hidden source of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 and other factors may significantly alter the composition of gut microbiota. Among others, loss of bacterial diversity, the decrease of commensal microbes as well as the increase of opportunistic pathogens are observed. The alterations of gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients consequently may lead to the development of gut dysbiosis-related diseases even after recovery from COVID-19. Therefore, it is recommended to screen stool samples taken from recovered patients at least 35 days after clearance of virus from respiratory tract. Before 35 days period, SARS-CoV-2 may still be detected in feces. It is also recommended to screen the composition as well as the activity of gut microbiota to assess its balance. In the case of gut dysbiosis, there should be introduced an appropriate method of its modulation. Additionally, all the fecal samples which are prepared for fecal microbiota transplantation should be tested for SARS-CoV-2 to provide protection for its recipients.

A história do colégio jesuíta de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro no século XVI

Este estudo tem por finalidade analisar a implantação e o percurso histórico do Colégio de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, localizado na região da Baía de Guanabara. Para isso, adotou-se a metodologia bibliográfica e documental, na qual foram analisados artigos, cartas jesuítas e escritos de Serafim Leite (1890—1969). A pesquisa é justificada pela necessidade de compreender como ocorreu a organização do ensino nos primórdios da educação brasileira. Deste modo, podemos refletir sobre o passado, o presente e o futuro dentro da perspectiva da ruptura e da continuidade. Com os resultados obtidos, é possível perceber que os intensos conflitos, na Baía de Guanabara, significaram o desenvolvimento da cidade do Rio de Janeiro e a instauração da instituição escolar. Por meio das discussões, podemos refletir sobre a área da história e a historiografia da educação. Essa permeia as investigações históricas sobre os fenômenos educativos escolares, a estrutura do colégio e os conteúdos lecionados pelos padres jesuítas aos seminaristas que, futuramente, cumpririam a função de transmitir a fé católica e ensinar as crianças indígenas. A alfabetização e os ensinamentos religiosos, que aconteciam nas casas de bê-á-bá, aos meninos nativos, eram primordiais para desenvolver o hábito da leitura da Bíblia e converter o gentio à fé cristã. Considera-se que a colonização do Rio de Janeiro só foi possível devido a dois fatores: a Coroa Portuguesa e a Igreja Católica. Enquanto a administração portuguesa pretendia expandir seus territórios e se beneficiar dos produtos oferecidos pelas novas localidades encontradas, as ações dos padres jesuítas eram de expansão do Cristianismo que havia sofrido repressão pelo protestantismo.