Route Map Research Articles

Design and Implementation of the Shortest Path Navigation in Samosir District using Branch and Bound Algorithm

Samosir has a wide area and several tourist attractions, making it difficult for visitors to explore the island. Not knowing the route can make the journey less fun and waste time. In general, tourists seek to know the fastest path to a tourist location to save time and money while on vacation. As a result, we require an application that will offer directions to the shortest path. This research aims to develop a web-based application that may display a map of the shortest travel to a tourist site. This website will display a map that marks from the origin point to the destination point. The Branch and Bound algorithm is used to determine the shortest path. The Python libraries OSMnx, Folium, and NetworkX modify paths and show a route map with OpenStreetMap. The error value of the distance between the branch, bound algorithm, and Google Maps is used to get the RMSE accuracy value. The RMSE value is 3.02 and MAPE value is 0.0023 indicating that the application produced already has a good implementation prototype. Furthermore, there is no significant distinction between the appearance of maps implementing OpenStreetMap and Google Maps

Smart network security using advanced ensemble-DDoS attack detection and hybrid JA-SLOA-linked optimal routing-based mitigation

ABSTRACT Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are distributed at a faster rate, and they are considered to be fatal threats over the Internet. Moreover, several deep learning approaches are insufficient to attain the maximum efficiency and appropriate detection due to the complexity and diversity of DDoS attack traffic under fast fast-speed network environment since they are providing with individual performance. Hence, an ensemble learning model is developed for DDoS detection and mitigation with the hybrid optimization algorithm to ensure good detective performance against DDoS attacks. The pre-processed data is fed to the feature extraction process where it is done through the Deep Belief Network (DBN) and Autoencoder techniques for acquiring the deep features. The optimized fusion of deep features takes place using hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm of Adaptive Sound Speed-based Jaya Sea Lion Optimization (ASS-JSLnO). The attack detection is performed by the Improved Ensemble Learning (IEL) approach. Then, the mitigation strategy is applied by the optimal routing and multi-objective function. Finally, the experiments are made to establish the high detection efficacy of the implemented attack detection and mitigation framework.

Therapeutic Values of Pyridine Molecules from Natural Sources: A Comprehensive Review

Reason for the Study: Many commercial pharmacologically interesting medicinal plant species and their formulations are used in more communities and often in more countries around the world, for their multiple uses of Active compounds from the natural sources. It should be need to extensively explored to get their properties and their benefits. The costs of drugs for resistance of common infective diseases are increased especially bacterial infections and sexually transmitted diseases. The therapeutic approach of herbal medicines is an option for concerted search for new chemical entities for new drugs development. So searching of valuable medicinal plants with their longest track record for their use and their location and distribution is must and essential.
 Aim: This study aims to provide an overview and documentation about pyridine alkaloids and their phytopharmacological activity related some medicinal plants.
 Methodology: By using the key words, the literatures were collected from Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. This review will create a platform to harmonizing the traditional medicine practice in the country, create a synergy between herbal medicines and modern medicine and more harmonized integrated traditional medicine practices in future. It gives an insight into the strategic plan and route map for the development of new formulations and research platform for the practice and development of herbal medicines. The pharmaceutical industry has come to consider traditional medicine as a source for identification of bio-active agents that can be used in the preparation of semi synthetic medicine in different novel formulations.
 Conclusion: This article focused some medicinal plants which contain different types and derivatives of pyridine alkaloids with their therapeutic applications. Further research needs to be done to make Novel pharmaceutical preparations with patent drugs and appropriate therapeutic documentation.

Novel Hybrid Deep Optimized Machine Learning Model for Energy Efficient Cluster Selection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have grown into a more powerful type of data transmission due to this rapid progress of evolution of wireless communication technology. In addition, UAVs have been proven to be effective in a variety of applications, including intelligent transport, disaster risk management, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. When UAVs are deployed randomly, however, they can effectively accomplish challenging tasks because of the UAVs’ has low battery capacity, quick mobility, and dynamic in nature orientation. Due to this reason, a new technique must be designed for an optimal energy efficient UAV clustering as well as data routing protocols. In this work proposes a new hybrid model of Emperor penguin-based Generalized Approximate Reasoning Based Intelligent Control (EP-GARIC) cluster-based network topology. Furthermore, the optimal routing function is achieved by the proposed Artificial Jellyfish Optimization (AJO). The implementation of this research is carried out using Network Simulator (NS2). The simulation results displays the effective performance of the suggested approach in terms of reduced energy consumption, improved packet delivery ratio, reduced loss, and so on over compared to the conventional approaches.

A Framework for Provably Secure Onion Routing against a Global Adversary

Onion routing and mix networks are a central technology to enable anonymous communication on the Internet. As such, a large number of protocols and model variants have been explored in the field, which offer differing levels of privacy, exhibit vulnerabilities, or even supersede each other. These factors make discovering the appropriate formalization for new developments difficult, and some model variants have not been formalized at all. We address this issue by creating one parametrized framework that encompasses the onion routing and mix network models and functionalities with a global adversary in the related work. In doing so, we create a categorization of the variants of onion routing models in use in the related work and map common OR and mix network protocols to their variants. For each identified variant: Our framework offers i) an ideal functionality in the Universal Composability framework, and ii) game-based properties that imply realization of the ideal functionality when a protocol satisfies them. In effect, our framework both unifies and extends previous formalization efforts in the field.

Novel Hybrid Deep Optimized Machine Learning Model for Energy Efficient Cluster Selection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have grown into a more powerful type of data transmission due to this rapid progress of evolution of wireless communication technology. In addition, UAVs have been proven to be effective in a variety of applications, including intelligent transport, disaster risk management, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. When UAVs are deployed randomly, however, they can effectively accomplish challenging tasks because of the UAVs’ has low battery capacity, quick mobility, and dynamic in nature orientation. Due to this reason, a new technique must be designed for an optimal energy efficient UAV clustering as well as data routing protocols. In this work proposes a new hybrid model of Emperor penguin-based Generalized Approximate Reasoning Based Intelligent Control (EP-GARIC) cluster-based network topology. Furthermore, the optimal routing function is achieved by the proposed Artificial Jellyfish Optimization (AJO). The implementation of this research is carried out using Network Simulator (NS2). The simulation results displays the effective performance of the suggested approach in terms of reduced energy consumption, improved packet delivery ratio, reduced loss, and so on over compared to the conventional approaches

Collaborative route map and navigation of the guide dog robot based on optimum energy consumption

Collaborative route map and navigation of the guide dog robot based on optimum energy consumption

Ultra-compact SOI-based higher-order mode pass wavelength demultiplexer.

We propose an ultra-compact mode filtering wavelength demultiplexer design with a footprint of 3µm×3µm. Our device can route input T E 1 mode signals at 1310nm and 1550nm to different output ports while simultaneously blocking fundamental transverse electric (T E 0) mode input. Our device is designed based on the topology optimization algorithm, which results in an ultra-compact footprint combining wavelength routing and mode filtering functions for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Our final optimized devices demonstrated insertion losses of 1.26dB and 1.47dB for the C- and O-band output ports, respectively, with inter-port crosstalk as low as -21.25d B and -30.99d B. The extinction ratios between T E 1 mode and T E 0 mode are 24.02dB and 30.12dB at the 1310nm and 1550nm output ports. The combination of small footprint, broad transmission bandwidth, T E 1 to T E 0 mode selectively filtering, and C- and O-band T E 1 mode demultiplexing functions make this a uniquely versatile device that can play an important role in future high density mode-wavelength multiplexing systems.

An optimized crypto‐based routing protocol for secure routing in wireless sensor networks

SummaryIn Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), energy‐efficient, reliable routing is the core objective for the data transmission process. Anomaly nodes in the communication environment can affect reliable routing and network efficiency. Therefore, the present research created a novel Arithmetic Optimization‐based Rumor Routing Protocol with SKINNY Crypto mechanism (AORRP‐SCrypt) for secure Routing in WSN. Primarily, the required nodes are deployed in the related WSN environment. The arithmetic function traced the nodes' higher energy consumption and malicious action to avoid security vulnerabilities during data transmission. The sensed data packets are transmitted based on the Rumor routing function of the proposed system. Furthermore, to avoid data access by unauthorized users, it is encrypted using the SKINNY Crypto mechanism. Finally, the network efficiency and security performance are validated in the NS3 platform. The model gained 98.1% network throughput, 95.6% PDR, a lower energy consumption of between 0.001 and 0.01 J, and a 99% confidentiality rate. The developed system provided increased network security and efficiency.

SUITABILITY ANALYSIS FOR URBAN BICYCLE TOURISM OF ILOILO CITY USING GIS

Abstract. Urban bicycle tourism refers to the recreational and enjoyable use of bicycles in navigating urban cities like Iloilo City. The city has already established an 11-kilometer cycling infrastructure within its boundaries. It is imperative to maximize its use to combat the negative impacts of rapid urbanization and promote safe and sustainable transportation. This paper shows the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the bike lanes network's suitability and accessibility for building a bike-sharing system that also caters to drop-off and ride-on points at each station. Deletion of duplicates and cleaning of road network data and tourist attraction point data was performed prior to any analysis. Service areas were generated to determine the number of tourist attractions catered by each potential bike share station – defined by main road intersections. Point distance analysis was performed to reduce the number of road intersections to just thirty-nine (39). Bicycle route maps and itineraries were produced to visualize the optimal routes tourists can use for exploring the city based on preferred sites category. From here, Route Analysis was conducted to create four (4) itineraries based on tourism categories: Top 10 Most Rated Tourist Attractions, Food and Dining, Museums and Churches, and Shopping and Leisure. The output maps and itineraries can be presented to the City Tourism Office of Iloilo City as a decision support tool for its programs and policies regarding bike lanes.

Emergency action plan for flood disaster mitigation caused by dam failure (case study: Wadaslintang Dam, Indonesia)

The Wadaslintang Dam in Central Java Province is a crucial water storage structure with benefits like irrigation, hydropower, and flood control, which is densely populated downstream. However, the risk of dam failure requires an Emergency Action Plan (EAP) to mitigate flood disasters. The implementation and effectiveness of an Emergency Action Plan protects human lives, help safeguard critical infrastructure, supports economic stability, and fosters community resilience in the face of various emergencies and disasters. This study aims to identify potential risks and consequences associated with the failure of the Wadaslintang dam and its correlation with the EAP. The plan outlines specific steps and procedures to be taken in the event of a dam failure, considering the potential risks and impacts of such an incident and collecting topographic and population data to create evacuation route maps. In conclusion, the EAP for Wadaslintang Dam is essential to minimize risks and protect the affected population during flood disasters. By implementing the plan, coordinating agencies, and ensuring regular updates, the safety and well-being of the population can be safeguarded.

Multi-criteria model for selection of optical linear terminals based on FUZZY TOPSIS method

Optical networks are an integral part of modern telecommunication systems. Huge traffic and ever-increasing requirements for data transmission capacity and quality encourage the wider use of modern optical technologies in telecommunications. The rational choice of equipment for the design of optical networks is an urgent task at present. The subject of this study is the process of selecting optical line terminals, which is associated with the evaluation of possible options by a set of indicators. The OLT (optical line terminal) in PON technology implements the function of organizing subscriber lines and is also a node equipment - an L4 switch that combines the functions of routing (IP), traffic fragmentation (VLAN), switching (MAC), quality of service (QoS), and some necessary network service functions. The optimal structuring of PON access networks demands a judicious selection of software and hardware, guided by their tactical and technical characteristics, in view of the substantial information load they entail. One of the effective approaches to solving such problems is the use of MCDM (Multiple Criteria Decision Making) methods. Purpose: to construct a TOPSIS model of the optimal choice of optical linear terminals in the conditions of unclear information for different cases of aggregation of evaluations of decision makers. Task: to formalize the process of selecting optical linear terminals; develop a multi-criteria mathematical model for the effective selection of optical line terminals. Methods used in the study: The fuzzy TOPSIS method, four methods of aggregating the opinions of decision makers. The following results were obtained. Alternatives and criteria for their evaluation are defined. On the basis of interviews with decision makers, evaluations of the degree of importance of the criteria and alternatives to the criteria were determined. Linguistic changes were used to describe decision-makers’ evaluations, which were interpreted as triangular fuzzy numbers. During this study, four methods of aggregating the evaluations of decision makers were used. A fuzzy TOPSIS model for selecting an optical line terminal is constructed. The ranking of the selected optical line terminals is obtained and the best alternative is determined. The results of modeling with different methods of aggregating assessments of decision makers are compared. Conclusions. The use of the Fuzzy TOPSIS method for optimal selection of optical linear terminals is proposed. The influence of the methods of aggregation of evaluations of decision-makers is analyzed.

Analyzing Collaborative Technology Wi-Fi Bluetooth for localization in Indoor Positioning System in indoor premises

For tracking people or object’s Location in the indoor environments, a network device is suggested known as IPS.. This technology mainly used because of supervising the health, position, guidance in different sectors like Universities, museums, airports, hospitals and warehouses the main advantages of IPS with distinct feature like reduction of material and energy cost over time that has huge impact compared to other technology which are more costly. Among various technology like (UWB) Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). (Wi-Fi)Technology is an outstanding approach for indoor navigation and positioning due to already available Wi-Fi Infrastructure Wireless IPS has categorized into two approaches :geometrical –calculation based and Scene –Analysis based former relies on measurement of geometrical parameter of Distance and angles by physical characteristics of Signal. RSS is the performance parameter used for achieving robustness and accuracy which is most concerned factor for current scenario Most Recent Research has solved the problem of inconsistency on Received Signal Strength (RSS) using fingerprint method. But the RSSI that received may contain some noise. This paper mainly proposed a method to estimate or tracking the real position of dynamic user. With RSSI value as input to be processed and the result of it will be a location (x, y) value, repeat the process to create an estimate coordinate map of route taken. Our proposed method is based on fingerprinting with weighted sum of four nearest reference access point to estimate the position of dynamic user then using Extended Kalman Filter as a tracking algorithm. In this paper we try new ways to collect the data of RSS by dynamically collecting the data in many routes to see whether the proposed algorithm could estimate the position better. We achieve an average mean of error around 2cm using Weighted Sum using Extended Kalman Filter tested on dynamic data. Key words: Indoor Positioning System, Dynamic User Localization, Fingerprinting Method, Weighted Sum Model, Extended Kalman Filter

Aircraft Behavior Recognition on Trajectory Data with a Multimodal Approach

Moving traces are essential data for target detection and associated behavior recognition. Previous studies have used time–location sequences, route maps, or tracking videos to establish mathematical recognition models for behavior recognition. The multimodal approach has seldom been considered because of the limited modality of sensing data. With the rapid development of natural language processing and computer vision, the multimodal model has become a possible choice to process multisource data. In this study, we have proposed a mathematical model for aircraft behavior recognition with joint data manners. The feature abstraction, cross-modal fusion, and classification layers are included in the proposed model for obtaining multiscale features and analyzing multimanner information. Attention has been placed on providing self- and cross-relation assessments on the spatiotemporal and geographic data related to a moving object. We have adopted both a feedforward network and a softmax function to form the classifier. Moreover, we have enabled a modality-increasing phase, combining longitude and latitude sequences with related geographic maps to avoid monotonous data. We have collected an aircraft trajectory dataset of longitude and latitude sequences for experimental validation. We have demonstrated the excellent behavior recognition performance of the proposed model joint with the modality-increasing phase. As a result, our proposed methodology reached the highest accuracy of 95.8% among all the adopted methods, demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of trajectory-based behavior recognition.

Hostage Liberation Operations using Wheeled Robots Based on LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) Sensors

Hostage release operations require a high level of precision, alertness, and skill, which are carried out manually by soldiers of the Indonesian National Army. This medium presents a significant risk to soldiers. This research aims to improve the effectiveness of hostage release operations by integrating wheeled robot technology based on Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensors. The research method used is experiment-based in developing and testing a prototype of a mobile robot equipped with LIDAR technology and a web camera capable of mapping the location of hostages in three dimensions. The research showed that this robot has high accuracy, reaching 97.87%, and can createthree-dimensional route maps and display real-time video on a computer. The use of this technology has the potential to reduce risks to soldiers and improve the accuracy of mapping hostage locations, which can ultimately improve the safety and effectiveness of hostage release operations in the context of special operations tasks by soldiers of the Army.

Sistem Mitigasi Dan Adaptasi Bencana Dalam Menghadapi Potensi Acaman Mentawai Megathrust Sebagai Inovasi Teknologi Edukasi Kebencanaan

The urgency of this research is to provide an understanding and education system for disaster adaptation mitigation to communities living on the coast of West Sumatra and outside West Sumatra so that people are smarter and ready to face situations that occur when a disaster strikes. In this way the risk of greater loss of life can be avoided. The aim of this research is to produce a geographic educational information system for disaster adaptation mitigation in dealing with the potential threat of the Mentawai Megathrust based on WebGIS. The method used is four-D, namely Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The process of presenting the model is carried out through the define stage, namely finding data about predicted locations and impacts of disasters. The second stage of design is creating a geographic mitigation and disaster adaptation educational information system application design which contains evacuation route map designs, shelter location map designs and independent evacuation animations. The third stage of development is developing the system after testing and implementing the system, the disseminate stage is socializing the use of the application to people living on the coast of West Sumatra and disseminating research results through research results books.

Novel Descriptor of Potential Energy Surface: Persistent Homology of Reaction Route Map

Novel Descriptor of Potential Energy Surface: Persistent Homology of Reaction Route Map

Visual digital data, ethical challenges, and psychological science.

Digital visual data afford psychologists with exciting research possibilities. It becomes possible to see real-life interactions in real time and to be able to analyze this behavior in a fine-grained and systematic manner. However, the fact that faces (and other personally identifying physical characteristics) are captured as part of these data sets means that this kind of data is at the highest level of sensitivity by default. When this is combined with the possibility of automatic collection and processing, then the sensitivity risks are compounded. Here we explore the ethical challenges that face psychologists wishing to take advantage of digital visual data. Specifically, we discuss ethical considerations around data acquisition, data analysis, data storage, and data sharing. We begin by considering the challenges of securing visual data from both public space security systems and social media sources. We then explore the dangers of bias and discrimination in automatic data processing, as well as the dangers to human analysts. We set out the ethical requirements for secure data storage, the dangers of "function creep," and the challenges of the right of the individual to withdraw from databases. Finally, we consider the tensions that exist between sensitive visual data that require extra protections and the recent open science movement, which advocates data transparency and sharing. We conclude by offering a practical route map for tackling these complex ethical issues in the form of a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment template for researchers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Optimization Mathematical Formulations of the Problem of Constructing Route Maps for Repairing Highways of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation

Optimization Mathematical Formulations of the Problem of Constructing Route Maps for Repairing Highways of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation

Are You a Designer Bride? Power Relations Between Popular Media and the Indian Bride

In recent years, the bride has become a representative fashion icon of clothing, cosmetic and entertainment industry in India. Designers like Sabyasachi Mukherjee, seem to project the bride’s access to bridal couture as a symbol of empowerment, emancipation and even nationalism. However, statistics would prove that Indian brides still carry the burden of cultural evils like dowry, domestic abuse, psychological pressures of marriage and child-bearing. Television shows like “Band, Baaja, Baraat,” lavish weddings of Bollywood actors like Anushka Sharma and Deepika Padukone have evoked new aspirational images in the imagination of the Indian middleclass. The present paper attempts to question the proliferation of wedding couture as a symbol of power and resistance to power. It aims to explore the route maps of capitalist desire and the seduction of women into this ambiguous role-play; are fashionable brides dressed in hot pants foolish consumers or artful minds who bend patriarchal structures even if for a short time? The paper will be premised on theories of popular culture, post-feminism, everyday feminism and cultural studies. It will enable us to address the reductive approach of contemporary capitalism towards complicated ideas of gender, class, caste, money, religion and region in Indian marriages. It will refer to ideas by Germaine Greer, Gloria Steinman, Stephanie Genz, Maitrayee Chaudhuri, Bharati Chibber, Santosh Desai to investigate into the empowering images of young brides as curated and exhibited by popular media.