Degree Of Roughness Research Articles

Aluminate-activated nano-SiO2 for enhancing water vapor barrier properties in polymers films: A safe and effective strategy

In this work, a series of nanocomposite films composed of polylactic acid (PLA), poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), nano-SiO2 activated by aluminate for different times were developed to enhance water vapor barrier properties. The physiochemical and thermal properties of the films were characterized. In addition, total and aluminum migration from the films was monitored, and non-targeted screening was performed to evaluate the potential safety of the composite films. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the nano-SiO2 was successfully activated by aluminate. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that incorporation of the activated nano-SiO2 slightly reduced the glass transition temperature (from 54 to 51 °C) and increased the crystallinity degree (from 6.9 % to 11.1 %) of PLA. Incorporation of 0.4 % nanofillers was found to give the highest crystallinity. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability of the PLA/PBAT/PBS films did not change significantly after adding the activated-nano-SiO2. However, the incorporation of these nanofillers did increase the interfacial roughness and crystallinity degree of the films, thereby reducing the water vapor permeability by around 30 %. Erucamide was detected in the composite films after exposure to food simulants, however, the films containing the nanofillers still met European Union safety standards. In summary, the nanofiller-loaded polymer films developed in this study were shown to be safe and have high water barrier properties, which means they may be suitable for application in the food, cosmetic, personal care, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries.

Scanning electron microscopy imaging of multilayer-doped GaN: Effects of surface band bending, surface roughness, and contamination layers on doping contrast

Dopant profiling by a scanning electron microscope possesses great potential in the semiconductor industry due to its rapid, contactless, non-destructive, low cost, high spatial resolution, and high accuracy characteristics. Here, the influence of plasma and wet chemical treatments on doping contrast was investigated for a multilayered p-n GaN specimen, which is one of the most promising third-generation wide bandgap semiconductors. Angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscope were employed to characterize the degree of surface band bending, surface roughness, gallium oxides, and hydrocarbons on the surface of GaN. N2 and air plasmas were unable to remove the surface contamination layers, although the degree of surface band bending was suppressed. In contrast, wet chemical methods offer superior capability in removing contamination layers; however, the surface roughness was increased to varying degrees. Notably, NH4F solution is capable of improving the doping contrast. The underlying mechanism was elucidated from the perspective of surface band bending, surface roughness, and contamination. The findings reported here will provide a feasible solution for effective characterization of semiconductor materials and devices.

Modification of the Surface Topography of Additive Materials under Ar+ Ion Irradiation

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a modern developing group of technologies based not on the removal of material, but on the layer-by-layer growth and synthesis of an object according to a CAD (Computer-Aided Design) model. The main disadvantages of objects manufactured using AM technologies are a high degree of porosity and surface roughness. This work examines the possibility of modifying the surface of additive materials Ti6Al4V and AlSi10Mg using irradiation with Ar+ ions with energies in the range from 2 to 9 keV. Using SEM, the surface topography was obtained before and after irradiation and mechanical polishing. A reduction in surface porosity and roughness was demonstrated, as well as the influence of beam energy on the final surface topography.

Predictive Model for Scuffing Temperature Field Rise of Spiral Bevel Gears under Different Machining Conditions

Spiral bevel gears are extensively employed in mechanical transmissions; however, they are prone to adhesive wear when operating under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. Research indicates that the tooth surface roughness of gears significantly influences the friction and wear of the meshing gears. The present study delves into the origins of tooth surface roughness through the integration of the W-M function and fractal theory. Utilizing an involute helical gear with surface roughness for tooth cutting, a three-dimensional model is established with roughened tooth surfaces. This paper introduces an approach to developing three-dimensional gear models with roughness and applies the finite element method to perform thermodynamic analysis on gears exhibiting diverse levels of surface roughness. The thermal analysis of gears with varying degrees of roughness was conducted using the finite element method. Comparative analysis of the results under specific operating conditions elucidated the impact of roughness on tooth surface temperature rise. In order to validate the simulation model, an experimental test platform for spiral bevel gears of identical size was established. This model integrates tooth surface roughness with thermodynamic analysis, allowing for the rapid assessment of tooth surface temperature rise under different machining conditions, and reducing the cost of validating predicted tooth surface load-carrying capacity.

Flynotyper 2.0: an updated tool for rapid quantitative assessment of Drosophila eye phenotypes.

About two-thirds of the genes in the Drosophila melanogaster genome are also involved in its eye development, making the Drosophila eye an ideal system for genetic studies. We previously developed Flynotyper, a software that uses image processing operations to identify and quantify the degree of roughness by measuring disorderliness of ommatidial arrangement in the fly eye. This software has enabled researchers to quantify morphological defects of thousands of eye images caused by genetic perturbations. Here, we present Flynotyper 2.0, a software that has an updated computer vision library, improved performance, and a streamlined pipeline for high-throughput analysis of multiple eye images. We also tested several batches of Drosophila eye images to ensure robustness and reproducibility of the updated Flynotyper 2.0 software.

Assessment of concrete-to-concrete shear bond behavior using 3-D direct shear testing

The interfaces that develop when fresh concrete is poured onto existing substrates are noted for their vulnerability and influence on the durability and integrity of the composite structure. Studies on the shear bond properties and failure mechanisms of such composite concrete-to-concrete joints under normal stress are essential for developing predictive and numerical models that accommodate various levels of joint substrate roughness. This study aims to use an innovative 3D shearing box, BCR3D, to analyze the shear behavior of concrete-to-concrete joints under direct shear tests at a constant normal stress. The influence of the degree of surface roughness on the pure shear behavior of these joints was assessed at a normal stress level of 1 MPa. The substrate post-hardening surface morphology was evaluated using a high-resolution laser profilometer. Statistical surface roughness parameters were computed using MATLAB. A parametric study was carried out involving bond strength, residual shear stress, contractive-dilative behaviors, and total fracture energy. Results showed that bond strength, dilative normal displacement, and total fracture energy were proportional to the substrate surface roughness. Residual shear stress was not affected by the initial surface roughness. Dilative normal displacements were more significant for specimens with higher surface substrate roughness due to interlocking, with values reaching up to 1.77 mm. Joints with high substrate surface roughness exhibited similar bond strength and fracture energy to those obtained from the monolithic specimens, underscoring the significance of substrate preparation before casting new concrete layers.

Experimental and numerical investigations on rate-dependent fracture behavior of concrete-rock interface

To ensure the safety and stability of the concrete gravity dams built in the seismic regions, this study investigated the rate-dependent fracture behavior of the concrete-rock interfaces with different roughness degrees. Firstly, direct tensile tests and three-point bending tests were conducted to measure the mechanical and fracture properties of the concrete-rock interface with three roughness degrees, i.e. the 4 × 4 interface, natural interface, and 7 × 7 interface, and under four strain rates, i.e. 10-5/s, 10-4/s, 10-3/s, and 10-2/s. By employing the fictitious crack model and initial fracture toughness-based crack propagation criterion, numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the crack propagation processes of the concrete-rock interfaces under different strain rates. The results indicated that the tensile strength and initial fracture toughness exhibited an obvious increasing tendency with the increase of the strain rates, and they showed a nearly linear relationship with the logarithms of the strain rates. Prediction models were proposed to calculate the tensile strength and initial fracture toughness of the concrete-rock interface under different strain rates. In addition, the initial fracture toughness-based crack propagation criterion was proved to be applicable to analyze the crack propagation processes of the concrete-rock interfaces under both quasi-static and seismic strain rates. It was found that the fully-formed fracture process zone lengths and the corresponding crack length decreased obviously with the increase of the strain rates, indicating that the boundary effect of the concrete became stronger under the higher strain rates, which approached to the fracture behaviors of the large-size specimens.

Development of Novel Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Biosensors by Controlling the Roughness of Gold/Alumina Platforms for Highly Sensitive Detection of Pyocyanin Secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pyocyanin is considered a maker of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection. Pyocyanin is among the toxins released by the P. aeruginosa bacteria. Therefore, the development of a direct detection of PYO is crucial due to its importance. Among the different optical techniques, the Raman technique showed unique advantages because of its fingerprint data, no sample preparation, and high sensitivity besides its ease of use. Noble metal nanostructures were used to improve the Raman response based on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. Anodic metal oxide attracts much interest due to its unique morphology and applications. The porous metal structure provides a large surface area that could be used as a hard template for periodic nanostructure array fabrication. Porous shapes and sizes could be controlled by controlling the anodization parameters, including the anodization voltage, current, temperature, and time, besides the metal purity and the electrolyte type/concentration. The anodization of aluminum foil results in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) formation with different roughness. Here, we will use the roughness as hotspot centers to enhance the Raman signals. Firstly, a thin film of gold was deposited to develop gold/alumina (Au/AAO) platforms and then applied as SERS-active surfaces. The morphology and roughness of the developed substrates were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The Au/AAO substrates were used for monitoring pyocyanin secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa microorganisms based on the SERS technique. The results showed that the roughness degree affects the enhancement efficiency of this sensor. The high enhancement was obtained in the case of depositing a 30 nm layer of gold onto the second anodized substrates. The developed sensor showed high sensitivity toward pyocyanin with a limit of detection of 96 nM with a linear response over a dynamic range from 1 µM to 9 µM.

Biochar accelerates methane production efficiency from Baijiu wastewater: Some viewpoints considering direct interspecies electron transfer

The low pH of Maotai-flavor Baijiu wastewater (MFBW) adversely affects its anaerobic digestion (AD) performance, resulting in low AD efficiency. Here, coconut shell was used to produce biochar. The characteristics of biochar were regulated through acid, alkali, and magnetic modification, respectively. Biochar and modified biochars were applied to assist the AD of MFBW. The results showed that biochar could significantly increase methane yield by 220.8 %–241.7 % with the corresponding soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) degradation increasing by 52.3 %–57.5 % (p < 0.05). Joint modification could significantly enhance the electron donating capacity from 0.0042 to 0.0095 mmol e−1/g (p < 0.05). The combined modification with magnetic alkali had the best stimulating effect on the AD process, which might be related to the conductive particles (Fe3O4) formed during magnetization processes. The modified biochar featured a high degree of surface roughness, a relatively large aperture, and strong electron donating ability, all of which were beneficial to the colonization and microbial growth. Supplementation with biochar resulted in the enrichment of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, especially for Syntrophomonas (rising from 0.013 % to 6.74 %–10.93 % of relative abundance). These microorganisms are related to the hydrolysis, acidification, and extracellular electron transfer. The enrichment of electroactive microorganism is a prerequisite for improving the direct interspecies electron transfer pathway. This study provides theoretical support for efficient MFBW treatment.

The effect of laser therapy for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion

The aim of the study was to measure the degree of dentine surface roughness caused by five distinct lasers used to treat dentine hypersensitivity, as well as to evaluate the subsequent bacterial colonization on these irradiated surfaces. Sixty human maxillary premolar teeth without caries or restoration which were extracted for periodontal reasons were used in this study. Five different types of lasers were applied to the root dentin surface. Tested samples were divided into six groups of 10 samples each; control, diode (810 nm), diode (980 nm), Nd: YAG, Er: YAG, and Er, Cr: YSGG laser groups. The arithmetic mean of the surface roughness values (Ra) and the average roughness over a measurement area (Sa) were measured pre- and post-application using any of the laser types. Swab samples were then collected from the dentin surface. Following a 24-hour incubation period at 37 °C, the colony forming units were counted using a stereoscope. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the surface roughness values pre- and post-application (Ra and Sa, respectively) in the Er, Cr: YSGG laser group (p = 0.037,p = 0.007). No significant difference was observed in the other groups (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of bacterial colonies observed between the test and control groups. Diode and Nd: YAG lasers showed either a decrease or no change in surface roughness; however, the hard tissue lasers (Er: YAG, Er, Cr: YSGG) showed an increase. The Er: YAG and Nd: YAG laser groups exhibited decreased bacterial adhesion compared to the other groups.

Homogeneously complexed alginate-chitosan hydrogel microspheres for the viability enhancement of entrapped hepatocytes

The future deployment of biomedicine fields will require a new generation of biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic hydrogels. Alginate and chitosan, naturally occurring polymers, have gained significant interest for hydrogel applications. However, integrating chitosan within alginate-based hydrogels to form microspheres with homogeneous distribution and a tailored surface charge remains challenging. Herein, we report the design and fabrication of homogeneously complexed alginate-chitosan hydrogel microspheres, demonstrating their ability to enhance the viability and liver-specific functionalities of entrapped hepatocytes. By exploring and optimizing the pH and ratio of alginate and chitosan solutions, we achieved well-controlled physicochemical properties, including the degree of sphericity, hydrophilicity, charge property, and surface roughness. Unlike traditional alginate-based hydrogel microspheres, hepatocytes entrapped in homogeneous alginate-chitosan microspheres displayed enhanced viability and liver-specific functions, including albumin secretion, urea synthesis, and cytochrome P-450 enzymatic activity. This work illustrates a potential pathway for manufacturing functionalized microspheres with tunable mechanical properties and functionalities based on biocompatible alginate and chitosan for hepatocyte applications.

The ability of SPEEK to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on PEEK surfaces

To investigate the ability of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and compare the effects of different degrees of sulfonation (DS), SPEEK was made with two different DS. The L-SPEEK group had a lower DS, while the H-SPEEK group had a higher DS. The physicochemical properties of both species were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), capitilize Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation between the two groups and with pure polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were compared after surface inoculation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the surface of the PEEK substrates could be smooth or coarse, and the degree of roughness increased with increasing sulfonation. FTIR spectroscopy showed that both the L-SPEEK and H-SPEEK samples contained sulfonic acid. TGA and XRD revealed that the components in the two groups were the same, but the intensities were different. After BMSC inoculation, a CCK8 assay revealed that the cells proliferated more on the H-SPEEK surface and little on the L-SPEEK surface compared with the PEEK surface. Then, osteogenic differentiation was verified by immunofluorescence staining for OCN and Runx2, which indicated that H-SPEEK had the greatest effect on improving differentiation. The results of alizarin red staining (ARS) and alkaline phosphatase staining (APS) also revealed this trend. Sulfonation can change the microsurface of PEEK, which can improve both BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

Development and Evaluation of a Novel Fish-Derived Protein Peptide Conditioner Formulated with Pneumatophorus japonicus Heads Peptides

Given the unique advantage of hair conditioners formulated with marine-derived proteins and their hydrolysates in terms of green, effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly. This study presents a novel fish-derived protein peptide-based hair conditioner that featuring Pneumatophorus japonicus heads peptides (PHP). Results demonstrate that the PHP conditioner exhibits favorable sensory properties, improves the surface morphology and structure of damaged hair, reduce the degree of fragmentation and roughness, improve the gloss and make hair smoother. PHP penetrates into the hair shaft, interacting with hair fiber keratin to enhance the integrity and stability of the α-conformation of hair keratin. Furthermore, the PHP conditioner treatment increased total amino acid content by 4.98% and hydrophobic amino acid content by 2.67%, approaching the levels observed in virgin hair. Therefore, the PHP conditioner effectively permeates the surface and interior of hair fibers, filling voids and ameliorating changes in both the microstructural and compositional aspects of the hair. These improvements surpass those observed with a commercially available wheat protein conditioner. Overall, the PHP conditioner effectively repairs damaged hair, offering a new strategy for the development of innovative natural hair care products.

The effect of whitening toothpastes on the color stability and surface roughness of stained resin composite

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effect of whitening toothpastes on the color stability and surface roughness of resin composites stained with coffee and cigarette smoke.MethodsSeventy-two disk-shaped specimens (6 × 2 mm) of suprananohybrid resin composite were randomly divided into two groups and exposed to coffee and cigarette smoke (n = 36). After staining, the samples randomly divided into four groups according to whitening toothpastes and were brushed for 4 min: Opalescence Whitening (OW); Colgate Optic White (COW); Curaprox Black is White (CPX) and, distilled water (control) (n = 9). Color was measured with spectrophotometer at the initial, after staining, and after brushing, and surface roughness was measured with profilometer at the initial and after brushing. A surface morphology analysis was examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The obtained data were statistically analyzed. (p < 0.05).ResultsCigarette smoke caused a significantly higher color change than coffee in the resin composite (p < 0.05). Brushing with hydrogen peroxide and silica-containing whitening toothpaste showed significant differences in color change (p < 0.05). The lowest whitening effect was found in activated charcoal-containing toothpaste. While all toothpastes increased the degree of surface roughness of resin composites, the highest roughness was caused by whitening toothpastes containing activated charcoal. (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe color stability and surface properties of resin composites can be affected by brushing them with whitening toothpaste. The utilization of whitening toothpaste containing hydrogen peroxide can be considered a safe method for increasing the whiteness of discolored resin composites.

Adhesion of Candida albicanson PTFE membranes used in guided bone regeneration.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a core procedure used to regenerate bone defects. The aim of the study was to investigate the adherence of Candida albicans on six commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes used in GBR procedures and the subsequent clinical consequences. Six commercially available PTFE membranes were tested. Two of the membranes had a textured surface and the other four a plane, nontextured one. C. albicans (ATCC 24433) was cultured for 24 h, and its cell surface hydrophobicity was assessed using a modified method. C. albicans adhesion to membrane discs was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-timepolymerase chain reaction (PCR). C. albicans was found to be hydrophobic (77.25%). SEM analysis showed that C. albicans adherence to all membranes examined was characterized by patchy, scattered, and small clustered patterns except for one nontextured membrane with a most rough surface in which a thick biofilm was observed. Real-timePCR quantification revealed significantly greater adhesion of C. albicans cells to PTFE membranes than the control membrane (p ≤ .001) with the membranes having a textured surface exhibiting the highestcount of 2680 × 104 cells/ml compared to the count of 707 × 104 cells/mL on those with a nontextured one (p ≤ .001). One membrane with nontextured surface, but with most rough surface was found to exhibit the highest count of 3010 × 104 cells/ml (p ≤ .05). The results of this study indicate that C. albicans adhesion on membranes' surfaces depends on the degree of surface roughness and/or on the presence of a texture. Textured PTFE membranes and/or membranes high roughness showed significantly more adhered C. albicans cells. These findings can impact the surgeon's choice of GBR membrane and postoperative maintenance.

Analyzing the mechanical behavior of granular materials: A multi-morphological approach using spherical harmonics and LS-DEM

This paper investigates the micro-to-macro response of granular materials influenced by multi-scale morphological characteristics using spherical harmonics and LS-DEM. Our simulation results reveal that particle elongation plays the primary role in governing the shear strength and dilatancy, with surface roughness also affecting these macroscopic behaviors of non-elongated assemblies while marginally influencing elongated assemblies. At the microscale, more elongated particles with a higher degree of roughness present a stronger interlocking effect. Furthermore, we quantitatively establish a connection with the system stress ratio through the stress-fabric-force (SFF) relationship, enabling us to comprehend the shape-dependent macroscopic shear strength from microscopic anisotropy perspectives. Our results indicate that more elongated and rougher particles lead to a more significant fabric anisotropy at the critical state. Additionally, a mechanics-based shape parameter, known as rotational resistance angle, is found to correlate linearly with the critical shear strength of all explored assemblies, which can be explained by the microscopic linkage between all partitioned anisotropy components and the adopted shape parameter.

Optimization and ranking of dental restorative composites by ENTROPY‐VIKOR and VIKOR‐MATLAB

AbstractResin‐based composites, now the most prevalent material for restorative dental treatments, are available in a multitude of types. Next‐generation composites are designed to be bio interactive, solving issues such as secondary caries and mechanical failures, thus prolonging the restoration lifespan. To facilitate the discrimination of the bio interactive composite's performance and the identification of the optimal composition, we tested the VIKOR method for multi‐criteria decision‐making analysis. This study encompassed 12 performance parameters and 5 experimental dental composites. We measured density, void content, water sorption, water solubility, polymerization shrinkage, depth of cure, degree of conversion, hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness as performance parameters, and we tested a conventional BisGMA‐TEGDMA resin blend filled with yttria‐stabilized zirconia (20 wt.%) and tricalcium phosphate. The alignment between computational methods and MATLAB‐based calculations validated the robustness of the assessment, verifying the significance of the conclusions drawn from this comprehensive analysis. Both methods (ENTROPY‐VIKOR and VIKOR‐MATLAB) ranked TZC0 as the top composite. This research provided a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between material composition, performance attributes, and optimization strategies in dental restorative composites, offering valuable insights for future advancements in restorative dentistry.

Doped-Cellulose Acetate Membranes as Friction Layers for Triboelectric Nanogenerators: The Influence of Roughness Degree and Surface Potential on Electrical Performance

The development of more efficient friction layers for triboelectric nanogenerators is a complex task, requiring a careful balance of various material properties such as morphology, surface roughness, dielectric constant, and surface potential. In this study, we thoroughly investigated the use of cellulose acetate modified with different concentrations of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide to enhance energy harvesting for the TENG. The results indicate that the roughness degree is influenced by the homogeneous degree/aggregation level of doping agents in cellulose acetate membranes, leading to the best performance of open circuit voltage of 282.8 V, short-circuit current of 3.42 µA, and power density of 60 µW/cm2 for ZnO-doped cellulose acetate membranes.

Fabrication of hybrid polyimide composites containing Ladder-like poly(phenyl-co-glycidoxypropyl)silsesquioxane)

Ladder-like structured poly(phenyl-co-glycidoxypropyl) silsesquioxanes with different ratios of phenyl to glycidyl group (LPS64 and LPS 82) were synthesized using simple hydrolysis reaction followed by condensation polymerization of phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) and (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Two series of hybrid polyimide composites (PI/LPS64 and PI/LPS82) with different contents of LPS (10, 20, and 30 wt%) were prepared by the chemical reaction of epoxy groups in LPS64 or LPS82 and the terminal amine groups in poly(amic acid). The dielectric constant (k) of hybrid PI composites (k = 1.3) was lower than that of pure polyimide (k = 2.9) and the degree of roughness was increased according to the increase of LPS contents. The dispersion of LPS in the PI matrix was improved due to the chemical bonding between LPS and PI. The thermal stability of PI/LPS82 was higher than that of PI/LPS64 due to the enhanced π-π stacking between PI matrix and LPS82 with more phenyl groups as compared to LPS64.

Covering-Based Intuitionistic Hesitant Fuzzy Rough Set Models and Their Application to Decision-Making Problems

In this paper, we present four categories of covering-based intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy rough set (CIHFRS) models using intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy β-neighborhoods (IHF β-neighborhoods) and intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy complementary β-neighborhoods (IHFC β-neighborhoods. Through theoretical analysis of covering-based IHFRS models, we propose the intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS (IHF-TOPSIS) technique for order of preference by similarity to an ideal solution, addressing multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) challenges concerning the assessment of IHF data. A compelling example aptly showcases the suggested approach. Furthermore, we address MCDM problems regarding the assessment of IHF information based on CIHFRS models. Through comparison and analysis, it is evident that addressing MCDM problems by assessing IHF data using CIHFRS models proves more effective than utilizing intuitionistic fuzzy data with CIFRS models or hesitant fuzzy information with CHFRS models. IHFS emerges as a unique and superior tool for addressing real-world challenges. Additionally, covering-based rough sets (CRSs) have been successfully applied to decision problems due to their robust capability in handling unclear data. In this study, by combining CRSs with IHFS, four classes of CIFRS versions are established using IHF β-neighborhoods and IHFC β-neighborhoods. A corresponding approximation axiomatic system is developed for each. The roughness and precision degrees of CBIHFRS models are specifically talked about. The relationship among these four types of IHFRS versions and existing related versions is presented based on theoretical investigations. A method for MCDM problems through IHF information, namely, IHF-TOPSIS, is introduced to further demonstrate its effectiveness and applicability. By conducting a comparative study, the effectiveness of the suggested approach is evaluated.