Rotation Values Research Articles

P-968. Academic - Practice Partnership to Advance Infection Prevention Education and Practice

Abstract Background Nurses entering the workforce must have the requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities to recognize, prevent, and manage infection in individuals and populations, and be prepared to respond collaboratively to local, regional, and global infection prevention and control (IPC) challenges. Studies indicate that IPC content is lacking in US baccalaureate nursing (BSN) programs and graduates feel ill-prepared to implement infection risk mitigation strategies to protect patients and health care workers. Establishing academic- practice partnerships between colleges of nursing and health system IPC programs could close this gap. Methods Our urban college of nursing, enrolling over 600 BSN students annually, convened a one-day invitational workshop focused on establishing an academic- practice partnership with our 18-hospital University-Health System IPC program. The workshop included presentations and small group work among expert inter-professional participants from IPC, nursing faculty and students, health system nursing, public health, and research. Results A strategy and research agenda was developed to advance BSN student IPC education and practice, including opportunities for infection preventionists to inform academic content and provide IPC student clinical practice experiences. As an immediate outcome, we conducted a survey of our graduating BSN seniors (n=345) to gauge perceived value of a clinical IPC rotation, and a survey of student’s clinical preceptors (n=345) to elicit perceived ability of students to transfer their classroom knowledge into clinical practice. A quarter of the 86 student respondents (25%) expressed value in doing a clinical rotation in the IPC department. Almost 100% of the 160 preceptor respondents (46%) indicated that students successfully adapt classroom knowledge to various clinical practice situations. Conclusion The workshop provided a forum to explore and begin to establish an academic- practice partnership between our college of nursing and the University-Health System IPC program. The survey results provide informative stakeholder data. The aim of this abstract is to report on the workshop proceedings, including short and long-term strategies, results of student and clinical preceptor surveys and next steps. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Multiwavelength Emission of Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Phase. II. Spectral Polarimetry

Abstract Polarization spectra were predicted within the photosphere model. To seek more clues to distinguish between the models, both the time-resolved and time-integrated polarization spectra from optical band to MeV gamma-rays of the magnetic reconnection model are studied here. There are two newly found differences between the two models. First, the time-integrated polarization degree of the magnetic reconnection model would in general increase with frequency for on-axis observations, while it is not monotonous for the photosphere model. Second, the variations of both the time-integrated and the time-resolved polarization angles (PAs) with frequency of the magnetic reconnection model are not random, while the time-integrated PA varies randomly with frequency for the photosphere model. Therefore, future energy-resolved polarization analysis could distinguish between the two models. In addition, the PA rotation spectra are studied for the first time. The rotation value of PA within the burst duration will decrease with the increase of the observational energy band. Most significant PA rotation would happen for slightly off-axis observations in each energy band. The PA would rotate even for on-axis observations in the optical band. Compared with the aligned magnetic field case, the PA rotation is quite rare in the gamma-ray band for the case with a toroidal field in the radiation region.

Validity of Lower-Extremity Strength Between Push- and Pull-Based Handheld Dynamometers: A Technical Report.

Handheld dynamometers provide clinicians an objective measure of lower-extremity force production at the hip and knee. While push-based dynamometers are common in clinical practice, they can be associated with patient discomfort, and standardization of methods is challenging when patient forces can exceed the ability of the rater. Development of novel, pull-based dynamometers allow for better patient comfort, but validity between dynamometers must be established before integration into clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare measurement of lower-extremity force between push- and pull-based handheld dynamometers. Descriptive laboratory study. Twenty-one healthy triathletes performed isometric hip abduction, hip external rotation, and knee extension testing against 2 separate handheld dynamometers. Pearson product correlations were calculated for the relationship between devices, while Bland-Altman plots were used to measure agreement with limit of agreement to assess systematic bias. Correlations between devices were strong for hip abduction and knee extension (r = .743-.767, P < .001) and moderate for hip external rotation (r = .429, P = .052). Additionally, there was good agreement between the 2 devices, with acceptable limits of agreement across the 3 force tasks. The pull-based dynamometer resulted in greater torque values for knee-extension and hip external rotation, with a mean difference of -0.37 and -0.19N·m/kg, but there was no difference in hip abduction with a mean difference of 0.03N·m/kg. The results demonstrate that pull-based dynamometers are an acceptable alternative to push-based dynamometers for hip abduction and knee extension, but some caution may exist for hip external rotation. Clinicians should be aware of differences in lower-extremity force across multiple handheld dynamometers when assessing muscle function in practice.

Light-propelled dimeric micro-rotor in a binary critical mixture

Industrial motors produce either linear or rotational motion, and enabling these engines on micrometer scales would have significant technological implications in the biomedical, biochemical, nanoscience, and nanotechnology areas. In this paper, we report a colloidal dimeric micro-rotor consisting of a pivot particle (isotropic dielectric particle) joined to a carbon Janus particle (anisotropic particle) embedded in a critical mixture. The two particles forming this dimer are trapped and illuminated by an optical tweezer, respectively. The carbon Janus particle heats its surroundings, producing a demixing flow that results in directed rotational motion. The pivot ensures the stability of the dimer’s rotation motion, allowing for a clean circular trajectory with low dispersion between cycles. This system converts thermal energy from the absorption of light by the carbon Janus particle into mechanical rotational work. By adjusting the laser power input energy, we obtained rotational work values ranging from 3300 to 270 kBT per cycle. However, there is a limit in the laser power that induces rotation, which depends on the balance between trapping and demixing forces required for stable rotation. This paper provides an efficient method to construct a rotational micro-rotor with a stable motion (standard deviation = 0,03 µm) for nano and micro devices.

Comparing Tibiofemoral Rotation Measurements Between Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Patellofemoral Instability.

Tibiofemoral rotation is an emerging parameter, especially in assessing patellofemoral instability. However, reference values in the literature are inconsistent regarding the used imaging modality and do not consider the effect of knee flexion during image acquisition. To analyze the differences in tibiofemoral rotation measurements between computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. A total of 78 knees in 72 patients were included. All patients underwent surgery for patellofemoral instability at our institution and preoperative CT and MRI were available. Tibiofemoral rotation was measured on axial CT and MRI, whereas the respective knee flexion angle (KFA) was measured on sagittal images. Tibiofemoral rotation values in which the tibia was externally rotated to the femur were handled as positive values. Differences between CT and MRI measurements were calculated and the association between KFA and tibiofemoral rotation was evaluated using Pearson correlation and the Mann-Whitney U test. The mean tibiofemoral rotation was 8.7°± 5.5° in CT and 4.2°± 6.7° in MRI (P < .001). The mean KFA was 2.4°± 3.1° in CT and 14.9°± 6.4° in MRI (P < .001). The difference in the KFA between CT and MRI moderately correlated with the difference in tibiofemoral rotation between imaging modalities (r = 0.529; P < .001). Tibiofemoral rotation measurements significantly differed between CT and MRI, with larger values observed in CT. The difference between imaging modalities correlated with the degree of knee flexion during image acquisition. This observation should be considered when assessing tibiofemoral rotation, as current reference values in the literature are inconsistent regarding the used imaging modality.

Analysis of shoulder motion with inertial sensors in Poland syndrome patients.

Poland syndrome is a congenital malformation characterized by agenesis or hypoplasia of pectoralis muscles. There is a limited literature on how the anatomic anomalies of PS may impact the movement of the shoulder. This study analyzes the effects of absence of the pectoralis muscles on the shoulder kinematic. Clinical evaluation was performed analyzing range of motion (RoM), stability, cuff disease and internal rotation strength. In all patients, we used inertial sensors to analyze scapular motion in three degrees of freedom: medium-lateral rotation, posterior tilting and protraction-retraction. The same analysis was performed by dividing the patients into two groups by age to evaluate the presence of age-related alterations. No differences in RoM between pathological and healthy side were observed. All patients were positive for posterior instability. No significant differences in strength in internal rotation were observed with average + 6,91% (s = 2,14) on the healthy side's strength. Kinematic analysis showed higher values of scapular medium-lateral rotation and anticipation of retraction of the pathological side during flexion and abduction. Reduced scapular tilt in under 18 years old was found. The absence of the pectoralis muscles seems not to affect the RoM. The increased scapular rotation on the medium-lateral axis is probably due to the absence of humeral insertion of the pectoralis major and the absence of the scapular insertion of the pectoralis minor. The increased retraction in abduction it can be explained by a hypercontraction of the scapular stabilizers. The reduced tilt in under 18 years old is influenced by the lack of adaptation by the muscle groups involved.

Accuracy of digital jaw relation determination in different occlusal conditions - an in vitro study.

In orthodontics, accurate registration of jaw relationships is essential for correct diagnosis and treatment planning. Therefore, accuracy of the digital spatial registration of maxillary and mandibular models and - for the first time-the influence of dentition stage and malocclusion type on this procedure were investigated under controlled conditions. Eight pairs of jaw models, representing different occlusal and developmental statuses (m1-m8), were scanned using two IOS types (PS: Primescan; TR: Trios4). Buccal scans for registering maxillary and mandibular models were repeated (n = 3). Reference scans were obtained using a desktop scanner (RDS; Ceramill Map 600). Arch-specific 3D coordinate systems were used to calculate the linear and angular deviations among different registrations. Trueness of registration by PS and TR was calculated using a statistical mixed-effect model (random-effect: model-type). Precision values of IOS registrations across m1-m8 were characterized as standard deviations (SDs). As maximum deviations compared to RDS, PS showed caudal translation (0.11 ± 0.02mm), while TR showed ventral translation (0.08 ± 0.06mm), of the maxillary relative to the mandibular model. Maximum rotational values were calculated for tilting around the transverse axis (PS: anteinclination (0.25 ± 0.16°), TR: retroinclination (0.27 ± 0.16°)). These deviations varied with the malocclusion type. The lowest IOS precision was recorded for sagittal translation (PS: 0.013 ± 0.005mm, TR: 0.021 ± 0.010mm) and rotation around the transverse axis (PS: 0.051 ± 0.013°, TR: 0.076 ± 0.031°). Registrations using buccal IOS scans showed quantifiable but clinically negligible 3D deviations from reference scan registrations, whereby the type of tooth and jaw misalignment did not appear to have a clinically relevant influence. Therefore, the examined IOSs appear to be suitable for digital jaw relation determination in everyday clinical orthodontic practice.

Automated Assessment of Pelvic Longitudinal Rotation Using Computer Vision in Canine Hip Dysplasia Screening.

Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) screening relies on accurate positioning in the ventrodorsal hip extended (VDHE) view, as even mild pelvic rotation can affect CHD scoring and impact breeding decisions. This study aimed to assess the association between pelvic rotation and asymmetry in obturator foramina areas (AOFAs) and to develop a computer vision model for automated AOFA measurement. In the first part, 203 radiographs were analyzed to examine the relationship between pelvic rotation, assessed through asymmetry in iliac wing and obturator foramina widths (AOFWs), and AOFAs. A significant association was found between pelvic rotation and AOFA, with AOFW showing a stronger correlation (R2 = 0.92, p < 0.01). AOFW rotation values were categorized into minimal (n = 71), moderate (n = 41), marked (n = 37), and extreme (n = 54) groups, corresponding to mean AOFA ± standard deviation values of 33.28 ± 27.25, 54.73 ± 27.98, 85.85 ± 41.31, and 160.68 ± 64.20 mm2, respectively. ANOVA and post hoc testing confirmed significant differences in AOFA across these groups (p < 0.01). In part two, the dataset was expanded to 312 images to develop the automated AOFA model, with 80% allocated for training, 10% for validation, and 10% for testing. On the 32 test images, the model achieved high segmentation accuracy (Dice score = 0.96; Intersection over Union = 0.93), closely aligning with examiner measurements. Paired t-tests indicated no significant differences between the examiner and model's outputs (p > 0.05), though the Bland-Altman analysis identified occasional discrepancies. The model demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC = 0.99) with a standard error of 17.18 mm2. A threshold of 50.46 mm2 enabled effective differentiation between acceptable and excessive pelvic rotation. With additional training data, further improvements in precision are expected, enhancing the model's clinical utility.

Rotations of teeth-a systematic review.

Rotations are frequently evaluated through various assessment methods of crowding and arch dimension, with relatively few studies discussing the extent or direction of rotations and even fewer addressing the reliability of such assessments. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze existing classification systems for rotated teeth and assess rotation in anterior and posterior teeth, its clinical applicability, and its impact on retention and relapse. Two investigators conducted a comprehensive search in six databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, LILACS, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL, up to 28 March 2024. No specific start date was defined to ensure the inclusion of all relevant studies from the inception of each database, maximizing the comprehensiveness of our review. The search criteria included retrospective studies and the inclusion criteria were patients who were assessed for rotation in any age group. The exclusion criteria were patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment, who had fractured restorations or crowns, or who had any other tooth anomaly. In total, 10 studies satisfying the inclusion criteria were included and 9 provided quantitative outcomes for the rotation of various teeth, while the remaining study offered qualitative results. The risk of bias assessment was performed with the help of the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool. The skeletal Class II and Class III groups exhibited similar average positions of the first molar. Upper molar rotation was primarily observed in dental Class II patients, with a higher mesial rotation angle of 78.6°. Only one study measured the rotation for all permanent teeth. Seven studies used the mid-palatal raphe as the reference line for measuring molar rotation. No gender differences were found. It was found that there was no statistical significance in the mean values of molar rotation for the right and left sides as well as the maxillary and mandibular arches. The incisors demonstrated the highest degree of rotation (7.4°-20.2°), while the premolars and canines exhibited a slightly lower degree of rotation (3.3°-9.2°). In contrast, the molars displayed the lowest degree of rotation (0.8°-7.4°). After reviewing all the studies, it was found that there is no adequate classification system to assess the rotation of anterior teeth and mandibular teeth. A universally accepted classification of tooth rotation, including a common reference line, is needed. The existing systems for posterior teeth need to be standardized and have a clinical utility to be widely accepted. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024524654, PROSPERO (CRD42024524654).

Ankle fractures reduction under direct visualization. Superiority of anatomical landmarks versus radiological evaluation- A randomised control trial.

Distal tibiofibular joint injury is quite common in rotational ankle fractures, with high malreduction rates reported. Although several intraoperative techniques evaluate the optimal tibiofibular reduction, they are critically debated due to high error rates and subjective interpretation of the results. We attempted to describe specific anatomical landmarks and anatomical relationships of the ankle joint through capsulotomy and inspection of the anterior incisura fibularis corner and evaluate their reliability regarding optimal tibiofibular reduction. Sixty patients with malleolar fractures and concomitant distal tibiofibular joint disruption were randomized into two groups. Patients of Group A were treated with a standard approach. In Group B, the reduction was performed following specific anatomical landmarks of the anterolateral ankle joint through capsulotomy. Reduction quality was evaluated with postoperative bilateral ankle CT. Distal tibiofibular joint reduction after direct visualization resulted in significantly better rotation and fibula length values than patients treated with the standard approach. In addition, clinical scores were better in the 3rd and 6th postoperative months.Direct visualization of the anterolateral ankle joint can provide trustworthy anatomical landmarks to achieve high-quality reduction of the distal tibiofibular joint in ankle fractures. Additional repair of the ligamentocapsular structures of the corner enhances joint stability and provides better clinical outcomes in 12 months.

Prototype of small-scale test machine for vibration measurement on bearings

Repetitive movements of shaft in bearings over time intervals generate vibrations. The aim of this research is to build the prototype of small scale of machine to measure the vibration values of bearing due to spinning shaft using an accelerometer and Arduino sensor device. The method used is to build a device of miniature rotating machines which was used to simulate machine vibrations. The ADXL345 accelerometer measured the magnitudes of vibration that occurs on the rotating shaft. Arduino Uno analyzed data from ADXL345. The amplitude, speed, acceleration and frequency values were measured according to rotation values. It was found the largest amplitude, speed, acceleration and frequency values were obtained at the radial point Y1 position.

Local Dynamic Stability of Trunk During Gait Can Detect Dynamic Imbalance in Subjects with Episodic Migraine.

Motion sensitivity symptoms, such as dizziness or unsteadiness, are frequently reported as non-headache symptoms of migraine. Postural imbalance has been observed in subjects with vestibular migraine, chronic migraine, and aura. We aimed to assess the ability of largest Lyapunov's exponent for a short time series (sLLE), which reflects the ability to cope with internal perturbations during gait, to detect differences in local dynamic stability between individuals with migraine without aura (MO) with an episodic pattern between attacks and healthy subjects (HS). Trunk accelerations of 47 MO and 38 HS were recorded during gait using an inertial measurement unit. The discriminative ability of sLLE was assessed through receiver-operating characteristics curves and cutoff analysis. Partial correlation analysis was conducted between the clinical and gait variables, excluding the effects of gait speed. MO showed higher sLLE values, and reduced pelvic rotation, pelvic tilt, and stride length values. sLLEML and pelvic rotation showed good ability to discriminate between MO and HS and were correlated with the perceived pain, migraine disability assessment score, and each other. these findings may provide new insights into the postural balance control mechanism in subjects with MO and introduce the sLLEML as a potential measure of dynamic instability in MO.

Magnetooptical gyrotropic effects in nanosized BiYIG films and diamagnetic YAG substrates

Magneto-optical gyrotropic Faraday and Kerr effects are studied in the BiY2Fe5O12 films with thicknesses ranging from 16 to 55 nm, in the wavelength range of 295 nm &amp;lt; λ &amp;lt; 830 nm (4.2–1.5 eV), and under magnetic fields of up to 1.2 T. It is shown that films produced by ac magnetron sputtering on the single-crystalline diamagnetic yttrium aluminum garnet substrates Y3Al5O12 (001) exhibit high structural and magneto-optical quality. The Verdet constant for diamagnetic Y3Al5O12 is determined, and the magnitude of the Kerr effect is estimated for the polished substrate. It is shown experimentally that for a substrate with diffusely reflective backside, the Kerr effect is about zero, except in the high-energy region. For all BiY2Fe5O12 films investigated, in the saturating magnetic fields of approximately 0.16–0.2 T, the value of specific Faraday rotation reaches 20 deg/μm (200 000 deg/cm), while the value of the Kerr effect reaches approximately 20 min (5.8 mrad). The critical thickness of the film–substrate interface was estimated, highlighting variations in the Kerr effect spectra associated with a decrease in the Bi content in thin films with the thicknesses of below 27 nm.

Study of the optical rotatory of potassium titanyl phosphate using the advanced dual-wavelength polarimetric method

A dual-wavelength high-accuracy universal polarimeter was applied to the circular birefringence and optical activity measurement in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) nonlinear crystal. The experimental setup used two single-mode He-Ne lasers with close wavelengths of 594 and 633 nm as light sources. Measurement has been carried out for two crystal settings in directions of a 45-degree relative angle to the [100] and [010] crystallographic axes. Multiple light reflections inside the crystal sample were considered when processing the results of the polarimetric measurements. The results have been analysed using the optical transmission function for the polariser-sample-analyser system, and 2D intensity contour maps made it possible to determine the phase parameters, systematic errors, and eigenwaves ellipticity. It was found that the gyration tensor component of the KTP crystal is equal to g12 = 1.4 ⋅ 10−5 which in terms of optical rotatory power corresponds to the very small magnitude of the rotation value of 2.3 deg/mm.

Ex Vivo Biomechanical Comparison of Four Techniques to Tibiotarsus Osteosynthesis in Adult Laying Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

To assess the biomechanical parameters of intact tibiotarsi (INT) and tibiotarsi with a 5-mm segmental diaphyseal defect repaired using four osteosynthesis techniques: a locking plate (LP), a plate-rod combination, an external skeletal fixator (one end-threaded positive-profile pin per fragment) with an intramedullary pin tie-in (TIF 1), and an external skeletal fixator (two end-threaded positive-profile pins per fragment) with an intramedullary pin tie-in (TIF 2). Sixty tibiotarsi from 30 adult laying hens were allocated into five groups for nondestructive dynamic torsion and four-point bending tests, followed by failure tests. Nondestructive dynamic tests evaluated stiffness over time in torsion and bending. Torsion destructive tests provided maximum torque and rotation values, whereas the four-point bending tests provided the yield load, maximum bending load, and maximum displacement. The INT group showed higher torsional stiffness and maximum torque but similar bending stiffness, torsional strength, and bending strength in one or more groups. LP and TIF 2 exhibited the highest similarity frequencies among the treatment groups, whereas the TIF 1 group displayed lower stiffness and strength for most of the evaluated parameters. Similar results for LP and TIF-2 groups suggest the biomechanical equivalence of these methods for tibiotarsal osteosynthesis in adult hens.

Further experimental analysis of undershot water wheels towards the development of a prototype model

ABSTRACT The current research aims to analyse the effect of the number and shape of the blades and the curvature of the flume bottom on the performance curves of undershot water wheels, based on experimental tests conducted in a fully instrumented laboratory facility. Six wheels are tested: four wheels with plane blades (16, 24, 36, 48) and two with 24 curved blades for two flume bottom configurations. Torque, mechanical power and mechanical efficiency performance curves are determined for several rotational speed and flow rate values. Results demonstrate that the maximum efficiency is achieved for the 36-plane blade wheel, the curved flume bottom reduces water losses under the wheel and increases efficiency, and the blades’ shape strongly influences the wheel efficiency. Non-dimensional performance curves are provided to generalise the results. This research provides relevant contributions towards the development of a low-cost energy recovery solution to be applied in water infrastructures.

Microstructural and tribological analysis of friction stir processed AA6061 reinforced with SiC

The reinforced friction stir processing (FSP) improves tribological qualities like wear resistance and mechanical qualities like tensile strength, hardness, and fatigue. This study used FSP to introduce silicon carbide granules onto AA 6061 Al alloy, often used in automotive components, to alter the surface morphology. The fabricated surface metal composites showed superior wear resistance to the base metal. The tribological analysis was done on the 1000 m sliding distance, 40 mm wear track diameter and applied load 5 N to 15 N. The wear of the sample FSP at 1000 rpm and 80 mm/min feed found maximum wear at 5 N, 10 N and 15 N, and the minimum wear yielded 1000 rpm, 80 mm/min at indirect cooled FSP condition. Similar results were obtained for friction force and coefficient of friction. The wear was increased at a very high rotational speed value in FSP. Developing a brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) reduced the microstructural properties of dry FSP. It was revealed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The indirect cooling mechanism controlled the development of IMC. The maximum tensile strength of 122.21 MPa was obtained at 1200 rpm and indirect cooled FSP. The indirect cooling in the process of FSP improves the microhardness value.

SECEC Grammont Award 2024: The critical role of posture adjustment for range of motion simulation in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty preoperative planning.

The objective of this study was to compare simulated range of motion (ROM) for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) with and without adjustment for scapulothoracic orientation in a global reference system. We hypothesized that values for simulated ROM in preoperative planning software with and without adjustment for scapulothoracic orientation would be significantly different. A statistical shape model of the entire humerus and scapula was fitted into ten shoulder CT scans randomly selected from 162 patients who underwent rTSA. Six shoulder surgeons independently planned a rTSA in each model using prototype development software with the ability to adjust for scapulothoracic orientation, the starting position of the humerus, as well as kinematic planes in a global reference system simulating previously described posture types A, B, and C. ROM with and without posture adjustment was calculated and compared in all movement planes. All movement planes showed significant differences when comparing protocols with and without adjustment for posture. The largest mean difference was seen in external rotation, being 62° (SD 16°) without adjustment compared to 25° (SD 9°) with posture adjustment (p < 0.001), with the highest mean difference being 49° (SD 15°) in type C. Mean extension was 57° (SD 18°) without adjustment versus 24° (SD 11°) with adjustment (p < 0.001) and the highest mean difference of 47° (SD 18°) in type C. Mean abducted internal rotation was 69° (SD 11°) without adjustment versus 31° (SD 6°) with posture adjustment (p < 0.001), showing the highest mean difference of 51° (SD 11°) in type C. The present study demonstrates that accounting for scapulothoracic orientation has a significant impact on simulated ROM for rTSA in all motion planes, specifically rendering vastly lower values for external rotation, extension, and high internal rotation. The substantial differences observed in this study warrant a critical re-evaluation of all previously published studies that examined component choice and placement for optimized ROM in rTSA using conventional preoperative planning software.

Experimental and numerical investigation on composite beam–column joint connection behavior using different types of connection schemes

Abstract Over the past few decades, composite joints have been regarded as one of the most promising approaches. After reviewing the research articles dealing with composite beam-column joints, it can be withdrawn that few researchers studied and developed different types of composite beam-column joints. The objectives of this paper to study the effect and behavior of different connection types on the composite beam – column joint under repeated loading as well as to investigate new forms of slab connection with column flange in composite connection joints, aiming to enhance the behaviors of the joints and make the slab endure a part of the load in a more efficient way. Five specimens with various connection types were tested to failure; the composite model number two (CM2) was considered the control specimen. Regarding the ultimate moment, the result found that CM5 has moment 50.47% more than control specimen, the lowest rotation value was in CM5. The general behaviours of the FEM were in good accordance with the experiment results. According to the parametric a higher yield strength is more rigid stiffer, the effect of web thickness on the load is too small and increase in load resistance with an increase in beam flange thickness.

Optimal Design of High Specific Power Electric Machines for Fully Electric Regional Aircraft: A Case Study of 1MW S-PMSM

The aviation industry is undergoing electrification due to the increased global focus on reducing emissions in air traffic. Regarding the volatility of raw material prices, one main objective is the increase in the specific power of the motor. This matches the ambitious targets of the CoE project (Center of Excellence) in Finland on high-speed electric motors. The targeted specific power is 20 kW/kg. In this work, motors are designed and optimized for a fully electric regional aircraft. motors with different slot/pole configurations and rotational speed values are studied to determine the advantage of increasing speed in terms of weight reduction. As increasing speed requires the use of a gearbox, the overall weight of the motor and the gearbox is evaluated in post-processing, which allows for determining the impact of high speed on the overall weight. An optimization tool coupled with an electromagnetic and mechanical analysis is used to optimize 1 MW surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (S-PMSMs) for given specifications of regional electric aircraft. Optimization results indicate that there is considerable gain in terms of overall weight only when increasing the speed to the range of 10,000–15,000 rpm.