Rotational Manipulation Research Articles

Dual Anchor Internal Pulse Generator Technique May Lower Risk of Twiddler’s Syndrome: A Case Series and Literature Review

Twiddler's syndrome (TS) is described as a spontaneous rotation or intentional external manipulation of implanted internal pulse generator (IPG) for neurological or cardiac disorders. There have been identified some predisposing factors of the development of TS such as: loose subcutaneous tissue, older age of individuals undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures, creation of too large pockets for IPG. Apart from these factors, the construction of IPG itself may predispose to the development of TS. To report the clinical course of three patients with TS. Moreover, the purpose of this study is to present the change in fixation technique of IPG that can prevent the occurrence of TS in patients after DBS procedure. A prospectively collected database of all hardware related complications for patients operated on for various movement disorders was analyzed. In a total number of 347 DBS systems implanted since 1999 we have identified three patients diagnosed with TS. All three patients with TS in our series were implanted with the IPG harboring a single anchoring hole. This complication has never occurred in patients with the IPG harboring two anchoring holes in our center. All three patients underwent revision surgery. During reoperations all connection cables were replaced and IPG sutured with one additional silk stich through the plastic housing to immobilize it properly in subcutaneous pocket. There were no recurrences of TS in our patients. Our case series suggests that a predisposing factor of TS may also be the construction of IPG itself (a single anchoring hole intended for fixation), which naturally represents less fixation of the IPG to the fascia or muscle in the subcutaneous pocket. In this preliminary report we present suggestions to lower the risk of TS, including using dual anchor capable IPGs, reducing pocket volume and using nonabsorbable suture.

Bidirectional optical rotation of cells

Precise and controlled rotation manipulation of cells is extremely important in biological applications and biomedical studies. Particularly, bidirectional rotation manipulation of a single or multiple cells is a challenge for cell tomography and analysis. In this paper, we report an optical method that is capable of bidirectional rotation manipulation of a single or multiple cells. By launching a laser beam at 980 nm into dual-beam tapered fibers, a single or multiple cells in solutions can be trapped and rotated bidirectionally under the action of optical forces. Moreover, the rotational behavior can be controlled by altering the relative distance between the two fibers and the input optical power. Experimental results were interpreted by numerical simulations.

Control of twisting manipulation using a multi-fingered robotic hand with a common rotational axis

The main purpose of the present study is to prove the usability of a mechanism with a common rotational axis during twisting manipulation using a multi-fingered robotic hand where two fingers and two other fingers can independently rotate in inner and outer circles with a dual turning mechanism. Although various types of conventional multi-fingered hands have potential capability to achieve twisting manipulations such as opening a bottle cap from within a hand, it is well-known that such tasks are difficult to execute quickly due to limited working space of the fingers and complexity of control. The proposed hand with a common rotational axis is effective in rotational manipulation around a particular axis, where each joint role assignment is completely decoupled into internal force control for grasping an object and velocity control around the axis for rotating the object. We prove the usability of this mechanism with a common rotational axis through the use of a control scheme, and show experimental results involving manipulation tasks where twisting manipulation is dominant.

Editorial for Special Issue: Advances in Microfluidic Devices for Cell Handling and Analysis

Microfluidics is a technology that is expanding rapidly in many areas of research, especially in the biological areas of cell handling and analysis.[...]

All-fiber spatial rotation manipulation for radially asymmetric modes

We propose and experimentally demonstrate spatial rotation manipulation for radially asymmetric modes based on two kinds of polarization maintaining few-mode fibers (PM-FMFs). Theoretical finding shows that due to successful suppression of both polarization and spatial mode coupling, the spatial rotation of radially asymmetric modes has an excellent linear relationship with the twist angle of PM-FMF. Both elliptical core and panda type FMFs are fabricated, in order to realize manageable spatial rotation of LP11 mode within ±360° range. Finally, we characterize individual PM-FMF based spatial orientation rotator and present comprehensive performance comparison between two PM-FMFs in terms of insertion loss, temperature sensitivity, linear polarization maintenance, and mode scalability.

Exploration on "three eye-needling" technique of acupuncture

The "three eye-needling" technique is one of the important component of Jin's three needling therapy, mainly used for the treatment of eye disorders such as optic atrophy, macular pigment degeneration, myopia, hyperopia, strabismus, amblyopia, diplopia, glaucoma, cataract, etc. In the paper, Jin's "three eye-needling" technique is explored, including the keys of manipulation, operation procedure and basic skills. This technique is particularly for "mind regulation", focusing on tranquilizing, observing and concentrating the mind. The precise selection of point is the basic requirement, the technique for fixing, pressing and pricking are the most important link. The needle insertion with one hand is adopted with gentle rotation manipulation. Mind regulation, point selection and specific operation are coordinated with each other to bring the function of "three eye-needling" technique into play and achieve better therapeutic effects.

Laser manipulation of localised π-electron rotations in a molecule with two aromatic rings

ABSTRACTCoherent dynamics of localised π-electron rotations in an aromatic ring molecule may play an important role in designing next generation photo-induced organic molecular devices. In this paper, we present a theoretical study of laser control of localised π-electron rotations in a low symmetry aromatic ring molecule, which are created by the coherence of two or more electronic excited states. The control scenario is to manipulate energy spacings between two electronic states by utilising AC Stark shift induced by strong non-resonant ultraviolet (UV) laser. We set three targets for laser manipulation of localised electron rotational dynamics for (P)-2,2′-biphenol with two aromatic rings. The first target is flipping of the direction of the localised π-electron rotation on the same ring, the second one is the transfer of the π-electron rotation localisation from one aromatic ring to the other, and the third one is freezing the unidirectional π-electron rotation localised on one aromatic ring. We propose the fundamental principle of laser manipulation of localised π-electron rotation utilising AC Stark shift. Expectation values of the localised electron angular momentum are calculated numerically to demonstrate our idea of laser manipulation. Effects of laser-field intensity on localised electron rotation dynamics are briefly discussed.

マイクロチャネル内でのゲルビーズを利用した線虫の高精度回転マニピュレーション

We presented rotational manipulation of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) for higher precision by a circular cross section microchannel. The C. elegans was trapped within a biocompatible alginate gel bead to rotate by a rotational motor. Without immobilization treated by a sodium azide, the C. elegans move during solidification of alginate. Then, a cavity was happened in an alginate gel bead. On the other hand, the C. elegans was trapped without any cavity after immobilization treatment. The nematode’s immobilization and recovering from immobilization were evaluated quantitatively by considering worm bending frequency. Finally, the eccentricity of rotational manipulation was evaluated with/without centering by a microchannel. The eccentricity was 35% higher with the microchannel and high precision rotation was achieved at 0.03 degrees/step of actuator.

A Study of the Process of Self-Attribution in Active Rotation Manipulation

A Study of the Process of Self-Attribution in Active Rotation Manipulation

Controlled Three-dimensional Rotation of Single Cells Using Acoustic Waves

The ability to precisely control the three-dimensional orientation of micrometer-sized biological samples is critical for its phenotypic investigation. We develop an acoustic wave-based microfluidic device that can be used for the trapping and rotational manipulation of single plant cells. Resonant acoustic excitation of air-filled microbubbles generates localized vortices that can be used for the controlled three-dimensional rotation of single cells. We compare the rotational capabilities of microbubble-generated vortices with that of vortices generated by vibration of solid microstructures. We demonstrate the rotational capabilities of the device using single plant cells, the pollen grain.

Mental rotation task specifically modulates functional connectivity strength of intrinsic brain activity in low frequency domains: A maximum uncertainty linear discriminant analysis

Neuroimaging studies have highlighted that intrinsic brain activity is modified to implement task demands. However, the relation between mental rotation and intrinsic brain activity remains unclear. To answer this question, we collected functional MRI (fMRI) data from 30 healthy participants in two mental rotation task periods (1st-task state, 2nd-task state) and two rest periods before (pre-task resting state) and after the task (post-task resting state) respectively. By combining the spatial independent component analysis (ICA) and voxel-wise functional connectivity strength (FCS), we identified FCS maps of 10 brain resting state networks (RSNs) within six different bands (i.e., 0–0.05, 0.05–0.1, 0.1–0.15, 0.15–0.2, 0.2–0.25, and 0.01–0.08Hz) corresponding to the four states for each subject. The maximum uncertainty linear discriminant analysis (MLDA) method showed that the FCS within the low frequency bandwidth of 0.05–0.1Hz could effectively classify the mental rotation task state from pre-/post-task resting states but failed to discriminate the pre- and post-task resting states. Discriminative FCSs were observed in the cognitive executive-control network (central executive and attention) and the imagery-based internal mental manipulation network (default mode, primary sensorimotor, and primary visual). Imagery manipulation is a stable mental element of mental rotation, and the involvement of executive control is dependent on the degree of task familiarity. Together, the present study provides evidence that mental rotation task specifically modifies intrinsic brain activity to complement cognitive demands, which provides further insight into the neural basis of mental rotation manipulation.

Comparison of ischemic compression and lumbopelvic manipulation as trigger point therapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome in young adults: A double-blind randomized clinical trial

To compare the effectiveness of ischemic compression (IC) directly to the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) versus lumbopelvic manipulation (LPM) in improving pain, functional status and sensitivity to mechanical stimulation of the VMO trigger point in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). 40 patients with unilateral PFPS aged 20-30 years were selected randomly among patients with unilateral PFPS referred to physical therapy clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz, Iran, between March 2014 and July 2014. 30 young adults participated. Participants were blinded to treatment allocation, and 15 patients were allocated to either IC or LPM. Patients in both groups were treated in three sessions per week. IC consisted of three sets of continuous pressure applied for on the myofascial trigger point (MTrP) of VMO. LPM consisted of supine rotational glide manipulation of the ipsilateral lumbopelvic region of the involved knee. Numeric pain rating scale (VAS) for pain intensity, Kujala questionnaire for functional status, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) for sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. All three were recorded before treatment, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the last session. Both groups showed significant improvement (p<0.05, 95% confidence interval) in pain, functional status and PPT values. However, the IC group showed greater improvements, and outcome measures remained significantly better than in the LPM group during post-intervention follow-up. Both groups showed improvements throughout the study and follow-up period. However, the IC showed better short-term and long-term effectiveness than LPM for treating PFPS.

Advancement of seated lumbar rotation manipulation in treating lumbar disc herniation

Seat lumbar rotation technique is a commonly used technique, and the clinician is also a kind of clinical curative effect more apparent bone-setting reduction technique. However, the power of spinning technique, direction and position selection is based on the personal experience of the clinician, the lack of a unified, standardized scientific basis for support. Now the article reviews the studies of the rotation of the seat, including lumbar anatomy, biomechanical characteristics, clicks, mechanism of action, and safety. It will provide new ideas for standardizing operations research techniques. Key words: Intervertebral disk displacement /ZY; BONE SETTING MANIPULATION; Review

Influence of lumbar disc degeneration on the efficacy of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position: a finite element study

Objective To investigate the influence of lumbar disc degeneration on the efficacy of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).

Rotational manipulation of single cells and organisms using acoustic waves.

The precise rotational manipulation of single cells or organisms is invaluable to many applications in biology, chemistry, physics and medicine. In this article, we describe an acoustic-based, on-chip manipulation method that can rotate single microparticles, cells and organisms. To achieve this, we trapped microbubbles within predefined sidewall microcavities inside a microchannel. In an acoustic field, trapped microbubbles were driven into oscillatory motion generating steady microvortices which were utilized to precisely rotate colloids, cells and entire organisms (that is, C. elegans). We have tested the capabilities of our method by analysing reproductive system pathologies and nervous system morphology in C. elegans. Using our device, we revealed the underlying abnormal cell fusion causing defective vulval morphology in mutant worms. Our acoustofluidic rotational manipulation (ARM) technique is an easy-to-use, compact, and biocompatible method, permitting rotation regardless of optical, magnetic or electrical properties of the sample under investigation.

Kinematic calibration of a 3-DoF rotational parallel manipulator using laser tracker

This paper proposes a laser tracker based kinematic calibration of a 3-degree-of-freedom (DoF) rotational parallel manipulator that would be applied in tracking and positioning fields. The process is implemented in this paper by four steps: 1) formulation of the geometric error model of this manipulator by means of screw theory considering all possible geometric source errors, which is followed by the verification of this error model employing SolidWorksź software. 2) sensitivity analysis of all geometric source errors based upon Monte Carlo method and remove some errors that have little influence on the pose accuracy of the moving platform in order to decrease the difficulty and complexity of the kinematic calibration. 3) error parameter identification and kinematic calibration experiment using laser tracker. 4) error compensation by amending controller model. Kinematic calibration experiment results of this 3-DoF rotational parallel manipulator show that three angular deviations are improved from 1.97°, 0.24° and 1.75° to 0.53°, 0.10° and 0.19° respectively within the prescribed workspace. Geometric error modeling based on screw theory is presented.The geometric error model is verified based upon the software method.Calibration includes sensitivity analysis, measurement plan and error identification.Software simulation and experiment are given to verify kinematic calibration flow.

Manipulation of motion via dual entities

The manipulation of motion and ancillary operations are important tasks in kinematics, robotics, and rigid and flexible multibody dynamics. Motion can be described in purely geometric terms, based on Chasles’ theorem. Representations and parameterizations of motion are also available, such as Euler motion parameters and the vectorial parameterization, respectively. Typical operations to be performed on motion involve the selection of local or global parameterizations and the derivation of the associated expressions for the motion tensor, velocity or curvature vector, composition of motions, and tangent tensors. Many of these tasks involve arduous, error-prone algebra. The use of dual entities has been shown to ease the manipulation of motion, yet this concept has received little attention outside of the fields of kinematics and robotics. This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of the topic using a notation that eliminates the bookkeeping parameter typically used in dual number algebra, thereby recasting all operations within the framework of linear algebra and streamlining the process. The manipulation of geometric entities is recast within this formalism, paving the way for the manipulation of motion. All developments are presented within the framework of dual numbers directly; the principle of transference is never invoked: The manipulation of rotation is a particular case of that of motion, as should be. The problem of interpolation of motion, a thorny issue in finite element applications, is also addressed.

Rotational Measurements and Manipulations of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor

The bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) is a powerful rotary molecular motor which is self-assembled and embedded within the cellular envelope of many species of swimming bacteria. Powered by a flux of ions across the cytoplasmic membrane, the BFM rotates the flagellar filaments which propel the cell. While the BFM is one of the best characterized large biomolecular complexes, details of the mechanism of torque generation and the mechanochemical cycle of the motor are lacking. Employing brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopy, we investigate the rotational dynamics of the bacterial flagellar motor. In addition, we use magnetic tweezers to directly manipulate the motor's rotation. Such studies provide preliminary information on the stepping dynamics, mechanochemical cycle, and mechanism of torque generation of the BFM.

Making Brains run Faster: are they Becoming Smarter?

A brief overview of structural and functional brain characteristics related to g is presented in the light of major neurobiological theories of intelligence: Neural Efficiency, P-FIT and Multiple-Demand system. These theories provide a framework to discuss the main objective of the paper: what is the relationship between individual alpha frequency (IAF) and g? Three studies were conducted in order to investigate this relationship: two correlational studies and a third study in which we experimentally induced changes in IAF by means of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). (1) In a large scale study (n = 417), no significant correlations between IAF and IQ were observed. However, in males IAF positively correlated with mental rotation and shape manipulation and with an attentional focus on detail. (2) The second study showed sex-specific correlations between IAF (obtained during task performance) and scope of attention in males and between IAF and reaction time in females. (3) In the third study, individuals' IAF was increased with tACS. The induced changes in IAF had a disrupting effect on male performance on Raven's matrices, whereas a mild positive effect was observed for females. Neuro-electric activity after verum tACS showed increased desynchronization in the upper alpha band and dissociation between fronto-parietal and right temporal brain areas during performance on Raven's matrices. The results are discussed in the light of gender differences in brain structure and activity.

Unilateral Laminectomy Approach for the Removal of Spinal Meningiomas and Schwannomas: Impact on Pain, Spinal Stability, and Neurologic Results

Spinal intradural tumors are usually removed with laminectomy/laminotomy with a midline dural incision. Pain, discomfort, postoperative kyphosis, and instability may be minimized with unilateral microsurgery. Seventy patients with schwannoma (73 tumors) and 27 patients with meningioma (29 tumors) were operated on with unilateral hemilaminectomy (June 2000 to March 2014). Surgery was generally kept to 1 or 2 levels, removing all the craniocaudal ligamentum flavum. Careful radioscopic identification is mandatory; in thoracolumbar schwannomas, the tumor may be mobile; in the prone position, it may move cranially than appears on magnetic resonance imaging. The dura was opened paramedially, and the tumor was dissected and removed either en bloc or piecemeal after ultrasonic debulking. Neurophysiologic monitoring was performed. The tumor was approached tangentially with no cord rotation or minimal manipulation. Average duration of surgery was 160 minutes (100-320 minutes). Removal was total in 72 of 73 schwannomas; Simpson grade was 1 in 10 meningiomas and 2 in 19. Patients with no complications were discharged on day 5-7. Ten patients had orthostatic headaches; 2 had pseudomeningocele that required reoperation. Pain improvement (Dennis Scale) was significant either at discharge or at follow-up (P < 0.0001 schwannomas, P < 0.001 meningiomas). Neurologic results (McCormick Scale, Karnofsky Performance Score) were excellent/good: of 39 patients with preoperative neurologic impairment, 19 recovered completely, 17 had minor spasticity, and 3 had moderate spasticity but autonomous ambulation. Sphincters recovered in 5 of 10 patients At follow-up, average Karnofsky Performance Score improved from 60 to 90 (P < 0.0001) and the McCormick score decreased from 121 to 55 (P < 0.0001). No spinal instability was observed. Neurologic and oncologic results were good and postoperative pain and discomfort were reduced. Stability was preserved with a unilateral technique. No bracing was necessary, permitting early rehabilitation.