Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate spatial rotation manipulation for radially asymmetric modes based on two kinds of polarization maintaining few-mode fibers (PM-FMFs). Theoretical finding shows that due to successful suppression of both polarization and spatial mode coupling, the spatial rotation of radially asymmetric modes has an excellent linear relationship with the twist angle of PM-FMF. Both elliptical core and panda type FMFs are fabricated, in order to realize manageable spatial rotation of LP11 mode within ±360° range. Finally, we characterize individual PM-FMF based spatial orientation rotator and present comprehensive performance comparison between two PM-FMFs in terms of insertion loss, temperature sensitivity, linear polarization maintenance, and mode scalability.
Highlights
Few-mode fiber (FMF) has shown many remarkable performances in various applications, which are not possible in standard single mode fibers (SSMFs)
We experimentally examine the characteristics of arbitrary mode rotation by two polarization maintaining few-mode fibers (PM-few-mode fiber (FMF))
The PM-FMF is fusion spliced to the output end of the PL by the polarization maintaining fiber fusion splicer (Fujikura FSM 100 P+)
Summary
Few-mode fiber (FMF) has shown many remarkable performances in various applications, which are not possible in standard single mode fibers (SSMFs). Fiber specklegram sensors (FSS) using LP21 mode rotation[13] and orbital angular momentum (OAM) generation by two spatially orthogonal LP modes with fixed phase delay[14, 15] have been reported For those applications, fine and reliable adjustment of the spatial orientation of high order modes has become a basic necessity. All the proposed rotation schemes[16,17,18] are either restricted to specific design parameters and fixed rotation angle or non-universal for all higher order radially asymmetric modes In this submission, we accomplish arbitrary spatial rotation manipulation of LP11 mode by two types of polarization maintaining few-mode fibers (PM-FMFs). We characterize the PM-FMF based spatial orientation rotator and for the first time, a thorough performance comparison between two PM-FMFs in many aspects, including the IL over different operation wavelength, temperature sensitivity, linear polarization maintenance and spatial pattern compatibility with common circular core FMF is presented
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