Rootstock Research Articles

Đặc tính ra hoa và phát triển trái sầu riêng Bí Rợ (Durio zibethinus Murr.) hạt lép tại huyện Phụng Hiệp, tỉnh Hậu Giang

This study was conducted to determine the biological charateristics of flowering and fruit development of ‘Bi Ro hat lep’ durian in Tan Binh commune, Phung Hiep district, Hau Giang province from August 2018 to July 2019. An experiment was implemented using seven ‘Bi Ro hat lep’ durian trees at the age of 8-year-old, grafted on ‘Kho qua xanh’ root stocks. Results showed that anthesis occurred within 12 days with a peak appearing in day 5, primarily at 16:00 to 17:00. The average fruit set rate was 87%. Fruit development process took place within 96 days after fruit set (DAFS). Young fruit abscission occurred mostly from 0-14 DAFS (42,2%). Durian fruit developed over three stages, i.e. slow (0-28 DAFS), fast growing (28-70 DAFS) and the mature-ripen stage (70-96 DAFS). Fruit flesh started to grow from 42 DAFS. Fruit reached to the maximum growing rate on 56 DAFS. At harvesting time, average fruit weight was 2,298.0±503.1 g, with an edible portion of 27%. The percentage of seedless fruit was 63%. Wet core, a kind of physical disorder, appeared at 70-96 DAFS. The phenomenon was observed on 14,8% of locule/fruit and 13,1% of aril.

Dynamics and Vertical Distribution of Roots in European Beech Forests and Douglas Fir Plantations in Bulgaria

Identifying patterns in roots spatial distribution and dynamics, and quantifying the root stocks, annual production and turnover rates at species level is essential for understanding plant ecological responses to local environmental factors and climate change. We studied selected root traits in four different stands, two European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests and two Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziezii Mirb. Franco) plantations. Root system vertical distribution and dynamics were studied using sequential coring method and characterised into three root diameter size classes (0–2, 2–5 and 5–10 mm) sampled at three different soil depths (0–15, 15–30, 30–45 cm). Root annual production and turnover rates were analysed and quantified using Decision Matrix and Maximum-Minimum estimation approaches. The overall root mass (<10 mm diameter up to 0–45 cm soil depth) was higher in the beech forests than in the Douglas fir plantations. Some root traits, e.g., the overall root mass, the fine (0–2 mm) and small (2–5 mm) roots mass, differed significantly between the sampling plots rather than between the forest types. The root system revealed a tree species specific vertical distribution pattern. More than half of the fine and small roots biomass of the Douglas fir stands were allocated in the uppermost soil layer and decreased significantly with depths, while in the beech forests the biomass was more uniformly distributed and decreased gradually with increasing soil depth. Although both tree species belong to two different plant functional types and the stands were situated in two distantly located regions with different climatic and soil characteristics, we revealed similar trends in the root biomass and necromass dynamics, and close values for the annual production and turnover rates. The mean turnover rates for all studied stands obtained by sequential coring and Decision Matrix were 1.11 yr−1 and 0.76 yr−1 based on mean and maximum biomass data, respectively. They were similar to the averaged values suggested for Central and Northern European forests but higher compared to those reported from Southern Europe.

Evaluation of Cornell-Geneva rootstocks with ‘Fuji’ apple in Korea

Evaluation of Cornell-Geneva rootstocks with ‘Fuji’ apple in Korea

Comparing the Missouri Gravel Bed and a Wood Chip Production Method for Tree Growth

Tree root defects from current nursery production practices influence short- and long-term tree performance and survivability. The Missouri Gravel Bed (MGB) system, a production method using gravel as a substrate, has been used to prevent many of these defects from occurring. MGB production involves planting bare root stock into a bed of gravel with frequent drip irrigation in order to produce a root system with relatively few defects. MGB production methods have also been purported to allow for summer transplanting of many species, as opposed to traditional dormant transplanting.Because gravel has low water- and nutrient-holding capacity, biochar (5% by volume) was incorporated into one plot as a possible means of improving both water- and nutrient-holding capacity over gravel alone. Wood chip mulch was also investigated as a growing substrate in place of the gravel in a growing system. In 2015, three species, Quercus bicolor (swamp white oak), Taxodium distichum (baldcypress), and Tilia cordata (littleleaf linden), were studied in pea gravel (PG), biochar-amended pea gravel (BC), and wood chip mulch bed (MB) growing environments. Very few differences occurred over the growing season with above- or belowground parameters indicating that the minimal-to-no-cost, more readily available substrate of wood chip mulch should be considered in these growing systems.

Grafting Influence on Physio-chemical Characters of Tomato on Brinjal Root Stock

Grafting Influence on Physio-chemical Characters of Tomato on Brinjal Root Stock

Influence of rootstock and grafting method on the grafts success and growth of Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex Lamb.) ‘Karl Fuchs’ Plants

Experimental studies were conducted in 2015–2017 in the Department of Dendrology, Pomology and Nursery of Poznan University of Life Sciences. The aim of the research was to study the usefulness of three rootstocks: Larix decidua, Pinus armandii, Cedrus deodara and two grafting methods: side grafting and split grafting for propagation purposes of Cedrus deodara ‘Karl Fuchs’. In addition, it was evaluated how the rootstock and the age of cultivar shoots influenced the level of chloroplast pigments in the needles. A higher percentage of grafts success was obtained on Pinus armandii and Cedrus deodara using the side grafting method. Grafted scions of ‘Karl Fuchs’ produced the greatest number of lateral buds and the longest lateral increments of growth on Cedrus deodara root stock. Side grafting significantly improved the percentage of plants that restarted their growth in the second year of cultivation. The largest number of buds on two-year-old shoots were counted on plants grafted on Cedrus deodara using split grafting method. The rootstocks used in this experiment had a slight effect on the content of chloroplast pigments in the needles. Plants grafted on Pinus armandii had the highest level of chlorophyll B, and those grafted on Larix decidua – chlorophyll A/B ratio. The content of chloroplast pigments in the needles depended on the age of shoots. The highest level of chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B and carotenoids was observed when needles were collected from the last year’s growth.

Shovelomics root traits assessed on the EURoot maize panel are highly heritable across environments but show low genotype-by-nitrogen interaction

The need for sustainable intensification of agriculture in the coming decades requires a reduction in nitrogen (N) fertilization. One opportunity to reduce N application rates without major losses in yield is breeding for nutrient efficient crops. A key parameter that influences nutrient uptake efficiency is the root system architecture (RSA). To explore the impact of N availability on RSA and to investigate the impact of the growth environment, a diverse set of 36 inbred dent maize lines crossed to the inbred flint line UH007 as a tester was evaluated for N-response over 2 years on three different sites. RSA was investigated by excavating and imaging of the root crowns followed by image analysis with REST software. Despite strong site and year effects, trait heritability was generally high. Root traits showing the greatest heritability (> 0.7) were the width of the root stock, indicative of the horizontal expansion, and the fill factor, a measure of the density of the root system. Heritabilities were in a similar range under high or low N application. Under N deficiency the root stock size decreased, the horizontal expansion decreased and the root stock became less dense. However, there was little differential response of the genotypes to low N availability. Thus, the assessed root traits were more constitutively expressed rather than showing genotype-specific plasticity to low N. In contrast, strong differences were observed for ‘stay green’ and silage yield, indicating that these highly heritable traits are good indicators for responsiveness to low N.

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION LEVELS AND SPRAYING MEPIQUAT CHLORIDE ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PEACH TREES

To study the effect of rationalizing irrigation and mepiquat chloride foliar application on growth, productivity and fruit quality of Florida Brines peach trees grafted on Nimagard root stock and grown in sandy soil at a private orchard in El- Tahadi road, EL-Behara Governorate, Egypt. A trial in a split plot design has carried out through two successive seasons of 2018 and 2019. Three drip irrigation levels (100, 80 and 60 % of ETc) were in the main plot and mepiquat chloride foliar application by three levels (without, 150 and 300 ppm) in sub plot and all trees had fertilized by recommended doses. Results indicated that shoot length (cm) and number of leaves/ shoot was not significantly affect by the three irrigation levels in both seasons. Reducing irrigation increased acidity of peach fruits and led to a significant reduction on leaf area (cm)2, total chlorophyll contents, yield, fruit weight, flesh weight, seed weight, TSS and total sugars but no significant difference between irrigation by 80 or 60 % from calculated ETc except with yield and seed weight in both studied seasons. Number of leaves/ shoot, yield either kg/tree or ton/feddan and fruit flesh thickness (cm) were not significantly affected by mepiquat chloride foliar application at all concentrations in both seasons. The highest fruit TSS and the lowest shoot length (cm), leaf length and width (cm), leaf area (cm2) and total fruit acidity were obtained from peach trees treated by mepiquat chloride foliar application at 300 ppm but by mepiquat chloride foliar application at150ppm achieved the highest increase in fruit weight (gr), flesh weight (gr) and fruit total sugars in both seasons. Additionally, the obtained data from the interaction between irrigation levels and mepiquat chloride foliar application showed that mepiquat chloride foliar application made the decrease in irrigation level gave no significantly reduction in shoot length, leaf length and width (cm), leaf area (cm2) especially with concentration 150 ppm and with 300 ppm on leaf total chlorophyll contents. However, this interaction failed to show a clear trend on others studied parameters in both seasons. In addition, peach leaf anatomy has affected by foliar application with mepiquat chloride at 150 ppm and 300 ppm where a prominent increase in thickness of lamina of leaf blade more than those of unsprayed ones (control) has found. Finally, irrigated peach trees by 60% of calculated ETc led to the highest water saving and gave the highest productivity of irrigation water where every used m3 water gave (4.83 & 5.33 kg peach fruits).

“Thief” shoots on rootstocks grafted with net melons

“Thief” shoots on rootstocks grafted with net melons

Характеристика морфологічних ознак вегетативних органів дерев зникаючих сортів яблуні у Закарпатській області

На Закарпатті є всі умови для розвитку органічного садівництва. Для його впровадження можна використовувати місцеві сорти, які мають стійкість проти основних хвороб і адаптовані до місцевих ґрунтово-кліматичних умов. Аборигенні сорти зникають і замінюються новими, популярними сортами. Потрібно зберегти генофонд цих сортів для використання у селекції та, можливо, у технологіях органічного виробництва продукції. За вирощування сортів у плодорозсадниках необхідно добре вивчити сортові анатомо-морфологічні особливості саджанців, що дозволяє відрізнити їх між собою у разі відсутності плодів. Це і було метою наших досліджень. Виділені кращі сорти із високими продуктивними показниками без застосування пестицидного навантаження (Полованя, Краса Закарпаття, Соліварське, Батул, Дурнайка, Штетінське червоне маслянисте, Феркованя). Всі ці сорти є стійкими до основних хвороб, зокрема до парші та частково до борошнистої роси і раку. Морфологічні ознаки дерев описано відповідно до методики опису сортів. Протягом 2015-2018 років проведено літнє щеплення (окуліровка) та весняне щеплення живцем на підщепи: М.9, ММ.106, сіянці яблуні. Проведено оцінку сили росту саджанців на цих підщепах. Встановлено, що більшість з них: Дурнайка, Соліварське, Полованя, Феркованя володіють великою силою росту; Краса Закарпаття та Штетінське червоне — помірною; Батул — слабкою. Ці сорти мають перспективу використання в інтенсивних органічних садах за вирощування їх на відповідних підщепах. Всі сорти мають добру сумісність і приживлюваність з підщепами М.9 та ММ.106, які найчастіше використовуються в промислових насадженнях в Україні

Improving the technology of obtaining clonal root stocks of stone fruit crops

The aim of the research was to study the effect of the cuttings rooting period on the yield of high-quality rootstocks of stone fruit crops. In accordance with the developed methodology of research, modern rootstocks of stone fruit crops on the Crimean selection station Eureka 99 and Kuban 86 for plum, apricot, peach, and also VSL-2 for cherry and sweet cherry were studied. The paper presents the results of three-year experiments on the study effect of the rooting period hardwood cutting for standard stone seed root stocks. The data of mathematical processing the obtained results indicate the rooting period has a significant impact on the survival of hardwood cuttings. During the experiment, the average for the studied rootstocks during the autumn period of rooting, the survival rate of the cuttings was significantly higher than for the spring by 2.8%. According to the obtained data, on average, in terms of rooting for the stock Eureka 99, the highest survival rate of cuttings in experience was observed, significantly exceeding the figure of the other rootstocks by 21, 1-25, 4%. Output rates of standard rootstocks were adequate for the number of rooted cuttings. The results given in the article indicate that rootstocks Eureka 99 and VSL-2 have the highest yield of rootstocks per hectare observed during the spring planting season, exceeding the autumn planting dates by 109 and 217 thousand pieces respectively. The Kuban 86 rootstock has a reverse pattern. The article presents the results of sorting the obtained rootstocks by quality degrees. According to the data obtained, the highest yield of the first grade seedlings in the experiment was observed on almost all variants during the autumn term of rooting.

RESPONSE OF LOCAL ORANGE SEEDLINGS (Citrus sinensis L.) TO BUDDING DATE AND FOLIAR SPRAYING OF PROSOL FERTILIZE ON SUCCESS BUDDING PERCENTAGE AND VEGETATIVE GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS

The present study was carried out in lath House /Horticultural Department /College of Agriculture / Tikrit university during 2008-2009 season. The aim was to study five budding dates (16/7, 6/8, 26 /8, 16/9, 16 /10)on sour orange root stock and foliar nutrition (Brossol)(Zero,2 gm/L.Brossol / month) on sweet orange to know the effect on percentage of budding success and all studied vegetative characteristics..The treatments were factarially combing randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.) replicated four times. The results could be summarized as follow: Budding date shows significant effect on the percentage of budding success. The budding time 26/8 significantly increased budding success percentage (% 80.00) vegetative length growth, number lateral branches, dimeter scion, grith dimeter root stock (grith)and gave nonsignificant increased in leaves number (100.99 cm. / plant), 4.65 branch /plant, 12.05 mm. /plant, 14.99 mm. / plant, 94.80 leaf/ plant.The Nutrition solution effect non significant and increased in stem length, shoot length scion, and effect significant increased in leaves number and root stock grith. % 87.35 cm./plant, 3.99 branch / plant, 9.83 mm. /plant,94.20leaf/ plant and 13.29 mm./ plant.The treatment interaction shows as significant effect where budding date. Nutrition solution on all the vegetative characteristics studied. stem length107.52cm / plant, branch length 5.15 branch / plant, leaves number 122.54 leaf / plant, scion grith 12.70 mm.and root stock grith 15.60 mm.

Resistance Response of Tomato Cultivars and Rootstocks Carrying the Mi-1.2 Gene to Isolates of Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica at Two Different Growing Periods

Resistance Response of Tomato Cultivars and Rootstocks Carrying the Mi-1.2 Gene to Isolates of Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica at Two Different Growing Periods

Identifikasi Karakter Morfologi Dan Agronomi Tanaman Padi F1 Hasil Silang Balik Resiprok Kambang/Pandan Ungu//Pandan Ungu

This research was conducted to obtain hybridization which has superior character and to know the agronomic and morphological characters of F1 generation from reciprocal crossof Kambang/Pandan Ungu//Pandan Ungu, this research uses a reciprocal cross method (cross between F1 from a single cross with male elders) to produce F1 plants that will change the morphological and agronomic character. This research was conducted at the screen house area in the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Until the of January 2018 to September 2018. The results of this identification showed that from 161 spikelet castrated obtained as many as 60 grains with a percentage of fertility 37.27%, and then sowing as many as 30 seeds (50%), plants that successfully grew and could be used there were 21 plants (70%) character morphology and agronomic on F1 plants more dominant in the character of Pandan Ungu rice. The dominan characters are leaf color, ligula color, uricle color, midrib color, leaf surface, stigma color, grain end color, lemma and palea color, number of wildings, breed ability, number of productive wildingss, panicle type, yellowing of leaves, diameter of root stock, and harvesting the crop.

Soft wood grafting - A novel and rapid multiplication technique in Coorg mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco)

Coorg mandarin is commercially multiplied by shield or T budding. The process of shield budding will takes eighteen to twenty months for the production of quality planting material. Hence present experiment was conducted to standardize soft wood grafting in Coorg mandarin to reduce the nursery phase for rapid multiplication of quality planting materials. In this study, two to three months old terminal shoots of Coorg mandarin were grafted on one, two, three and four months old rootstocks of Rangpur lime.The soft wood grafting on three and four months old rootstocks were recorded cent per cent graft success and higher plant survivability (98%) and minimum was noticed in one month old rootstocks. The plant height (45.77 cm), plant girth (0.60 cm), number of leaves per plant (42.9), number of side shoots per plant (5.65), root length (33.15 cm) and root spread (8.29 cm)were also found maximum on four months old root stocks followed by three month old rootstocks. Age of rootstocks have significant difference (P=0.05) for plant weight, shoot weight and root weight in both fresh and dry weight basis.The above findings revealed that, four months old rootstocks are more suitable for soft wood grafting in terms of graft success and plant traits. Soft wood grafting can be gainfully exploited for rapid multiplication of good quality planting material by reducing the nursery phase.

Soft wood grafting - A novel and rapid multiplication technique in Coorg mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco)

Coorg mandarin is commercially multiplied by shield or T budding. The process of shield budding will takes eighteen to twenty months for the production of quality planting material. Hence present experiment was conducted to standardize soft wood grafting in Coorg mandarin to reduce the nursery phase for rapid multiplication of quality planting materials. In this study, two to three months old terminal shoots of Coorg mandarin were grafted on one, two, three and four months old rootstocks of Rangpur lime.The soft wood grafting on three and four months old rootstocks were recorded cent per cent graft success and higher plant survivability (98%) and minimum was noticed in one month old rootstocks. The plant height (45.77 cm), plant girth (0.60 cm), number of leaves per plant (42.9), number of side shoots per plant (5.65), root length (33.15 cm) and root spread (8.29 cm)were also found maximum on four months old root stocks followed by three month old rootstocks. Age of rootstocks have significant difference (P=0.05) for plant weight, shoot weight and root weight in both fresh and dry weight basis.The above findings revealed that, four months old rootstocks are more suitable for soft wood grafting in terms of graft success and plant traits. Soft wood grafting can be gainfully exploited for rapid multiplication of good quality planting material by reducing the nursery phase.

A review of the areoligeracean dinoflagellate cyst Cyclonephelium and morphologically similar genera

A group of mainly Cretaceous areoligeracean dinoflagellate cyst genera, which we call the ‘Cyclonephelium group’, has proved difficult to classify. The group comprises Aptea, Canningia, Canninginopsis, Cassidium, Cauveridinium, Cerbia, Circulodinium, Cyclonephelium, Doidyx, Senoniasphaera and Tenua. As a group, they also converge morphologically with ceratiaceans. Cyclonephelium-group taxa show considerable morphological diversity and gradation. However, the most important criteria for discriminating dinoflagellate cyst-based genera – tabulation and archaeopyle type – are uniform among areoligeraceans and ceratiaceans and so are not useful in this case. Any subdivision of the Cyclonephelium group will break apparently natural continuities; nevertheless, any resolution must involve a hierarchy of morphological criteria. In developing a ‘best-fit’ hierarchy of morphological criteria for the Cyclonephelium group and its separation from ceratiaceans, we consider historical concepts, morphological variation, illustrations in the literature (especially of types) and taxonomic stability. We conclude that the most pragmatic distinguishing feature of ceratiaceans in contrast to the Cyclonephelium group (and areoligeraceans in general) is that the former possess a lateral horn or distinct prominence on the inner body or wall. The hierarchy we favour within the Cyclonephelium group (in decreasing importance) is: (i) wall structure; (ii) whether the ornament is linear or free standing; and (iii) the distribution of the ornament. As a consequence, we propose one new genus (Trimuridinium), one new species (Aptea cassis), two new names (Canningia glomerata for Senoniasphaera rotundata and Circulodinium vectensis for Pseudoceratium distinctum), 49 new combinations and one new status. We emend the descriptions/diagnoses of Aptea, Circulodinium, Cyclonephelium, Pseudoceratium, Senoniasphaera, Tenua and Tenua hystrix. Cyclonephelium-group taxa predominate in neritic marine palaeoenvironments, and their use in palaeoecological analyses should be improved by a more cohesive and consistent taxonomy. The group may have been the root stock for ceratiaceans in the Late Jurassic, the two families becoming more clearly separate from the Late Cretaceous onwards. Cyclonephelium-group areoligeraceans are sparse in the Paleogene and confirmed species are absent in the Neogene.

Grapevine trunk disease in European and Mediterranean vineyards: occurrence, distribution and associated disease-affecting cultural factors

A survey was carried out in 22 European and some non-European Mediterranean countries in 2015 and 2016, to gain insights into the main fungal grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) in Europe. Information was obtained from 105 viticulture regions, representing approx. four million ha of vineyards. Vintage and table wines are the main industry products, followed by nursery plants and table grapes. Diverse scion cultivars are grown, with 13 cultivars providing 50% of survey respondent production, and Riesling Italico, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot predominating. The five most used rootstocks are SO4, 110R, K5BB, 41B and 1103P, together representing about 50% of survey respondent production. Despite the diversity of grapevine training, Guyot and cordon remain the most widespread methods, and grapevines are mainly hand-pruned. The use of pneumatic shears and mechanical pruning is becoming more common in some countries. The survey questionnaire proposed a simplified set of symptoms or diseases occurring in mature vineyards [apoplexy, esca complex leaf symptoms (including Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease, GLSD), dead cordon, Eutypa related dieback, Botryosphaeria or unidentified agent dieback, Phomopsis cane and leaf spot]. Apoplexy and esca/GLSD, defining the esca complex, were the most frequent and increasing syndromes in almost all countries, except Israel and the United Kingdom, where these diseases are not present or not recorded in the survey. Dead cordon and Phomopsis cane and leaf spot were mentioned as occurring in a large number of regions but not frequently. Within individual countries, the profile of GTDs varied according to the region, and to pedo-climatic and production conditions. GTDs on young vines were uncommon, but remain a subject of concern in some of European countries with large nursery production. This overview on spread and relevance of GTDs in Europe and related aspects will be a useful starting point for policy makers and for collaborative research on factors contributing to the increasing disease incidence of GTDs.

Survey of Major Viruses in Commercial Nursery Trees of Major Pear Cultivars in Korea

Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), and Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) are economically important viruses that infect pear tree species worldwide. To evaluate the prevalence of these viruses in Korea, we investigated infection degree of three viruses and one viroid for the commercial nursery trees of the pear cultivars, Niitaka, Chuwhang, Wonwhang, and Whasan in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that the infection ratio of ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV, and ASSVd for the scion of pear cultivar Niitaka was 10%, 45%, 77%, and 50%, respectively. From the scion of pear cultivar Chuwhang, infection ratios of ASPV, ASGV, and ASSVd were found to be 70%, 50%, and 60%, respectively. From the scion of pear cultivar Whasan, infection ratios of ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV and ASSVd were found to be 40%, 60%, 93%, and 20%, respectively. From the root stock of pear cultivar Wonwhang, infection ratios of ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV, and ASSVd showed 28%, 57%, 100%, and 14%, respectively. ASGV had the highest recorded infection rate, and ACLSV was characterized by the lowest infection rate. The mixed infection ratio of Niitaka, Chuwhang, Whasan, and Wonwhang was 45%, 60%, 70%, and 85%, respectively.

Potencial de acículas de Pinus sp. para su uso como acondicionadoras de sustrato en la producción del portainjerto ‘Trifoliata’ en invernadero

La estacionalidad y carencia de sustratos organicos adecuados para la produccion de portainjertos citricos son de los principales problemas en la produccion de plantulas, aunado al hecho de que estos materiales poseen pH alcalino. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de sustratos compuestos de acicula de Pinus sp. y un sustrato comercial alcalino a diferentes concentraciones sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo del portainjerto Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Se evaluo el desarrollo de ‘Trifoliata’ en distintas mezclas (v:v) de un sustrato comercial (Vida®) a base de corteza de eucalipto y aciculas de Pinus sp. (0, 25, 50, 75 y 100 %) con dos granulometrias (3.5 y 8.0 mm). El diseno experimental fue en bloques al azar con 10 tratamientos de siete plantas cada uno y cuatro repeticiones. Durante el desarrollo de los portainjertos se monitoreo el pH, la conductividad electrica y la estabilidad de los sustratos, la masa seca de la parte aerea, raices y tallo, ademas del crecimiento y desarrollo vegetativo. El aumento de la proporcion de aciculas en la mezcla con sustrato alcalino redujo el pH, la conductividad electrica y la densidad. Los tratamientos con acicula de 3.5 mm mostraron mayor estabilidad que los de 8 mm. El uso de 25 % de acicula proporciono mejores resultados en comparacion con el de 0 % (solo sustrato alcalino); no obstante, se detecto la necesidad de un sistema de fertilizacion y riego especifico para cada tratamiento, ya que cada sustrato nuevo posee caracteristicas fisicas y quimicas propias