Role Of Time Research Articles

Harnessing supply chain resilience and social performance through safety and health practices in the COVID-19 era: An investigation of normative pressures and adoption timing's role

This research studies the impact of normative pressure (NP) on safety and health practices (SHP) and the influence of the latter on social performance (SP) and supply chain resilience (SCR) under the moderating role of adoption timing of SHP following COVID-19 outbreak. The theoretical background of this research is anchored in a social-ecological perspective of SCR and draws on the novel combination of stakeholders' resources-based view (SRBV) and institutional pressure theories. The findings of the empirical study using structural equation modeling analysis indicate that NP influences positively and significantly SHP. Also, a positive and significant impact of SHP on both of SCR and SP is revealed. This study provides several insights by highlighting how firms adopting social sustainability practices such as SHP can build stronger resilience to various threats of disruptive events while improving their SP. Such positive outcomes can be achieved by implementing safety protocols, ensuring health monitoring and communication, and establishing contingency plans based on stakeholders’ requirements in a timely manner.

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF SAFETY EDUCATION ON THE WILLINGNESS OF CONSTRUCTION WORKERS TO HABITUAL SAFETY BEHAVIOUR

In order to explore the impact of safety education on the willingness of construction workersto habitual safety behaviours, the relevant literatures are analysed, relevant research hypothesesare proposed, and the theoretical model of habitual safety behaviour willingness influencing factorsis established, and the verification and analysis are carried out by means of inter-groupexperiments. The results show that different types of safety education have different influences onthe willingness of construction workers to habitual safety behaviours under the mediating role oftime scale adjustment and perceptual behaviour control.

Multi-granularity spatial-temporal access control model for web GIS

The multi-granularity spatial-temporal-related access control (MSTAC) model was proposed to meet the spatial access control requirements for the service-oriented spatial data infrastructure (SDI). MSTAC extends the attribute constraints of role-based access control (RBAC), which includes the user's location attribute, the role's time constraint, the layer vector constraint of a map class, the scale and time constraints of a geographic layer, the topological constraints of geographic features, the semantic attribute expression constraints of geographic features, and the field constraint of feature views. Through this model, authorized users would be limited to access different granularity spatial datasets, such as the map granularity, the graphic layer granularity, the feature object granularity and the feature view granularity. Finally, the MSTAC model is achieved in a web GIS, which shows the positive and negative authorizations to different services in different data granularities and time periods.

Synchronization of Nonidentical Coupled Phase Oscillators in the Presence of Time Delay and Noise

We have studied in this paper the dynamics of globally coupled phase oscillators having the Lorentzian frequency distribution with zero mean in the presence of both time delay and noise. Noise may be Gaussian or non-Gaussian in characteristics. In the limit of zero noise strength, we find that the critical coupling strength (CCS) increases linearly as a function of time delay. Thus the role of time delay in the dynamics for the deterministic system is qualitatively equivalent to the effect of frequency fluctuations of the phase oscillators by additive white noise in absence of time delay. But for the stochastic model, the critical coupling strength grows nonlinearly with the increase of the time delay. The linear dependence of the critical coupling strength on the noise intensity also changes to become nonlinear due to creation of additional phase difference among the oscillators by the time delay. We find that the creation of phase difference plays an important role in the dynamics of the system when the intrinsic correlation induced by the finite correlation time of the noise is small. We also find that the critical coupling is higher for the non-Gaussian noise compared to the Gaussian one due to higher effective noise strength.

Discrimination of variable schedules is controlled by interresponse times proximal to reinforcement.

In Experiment 1, food-deprived rats responded to one of two schedules that were, with equal probability, associated with a sample lever. One schedule was always variable ratio, while the other schedule, depending on the trial within a session, was: (a) a variable-interval schedule; (b) a tandem variable-interval, differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate schedule; or (c) a tandem variable-interval, differential-reinforcement-of-high-rate schedule. Completion of a sample-lever schedule, which took approximately the same time regardless of schedule, presented two comparison levers, one associated with each sample-lever schedule. Pressing the comparison lever associated with the schedule just presented produced food, while pressing the other produced a blackout. Conditional-discrimination accuracy was related to the size of the difference in reinforced interresponse times and those that preceded it (predecessor interresponse times) between the variable-ratio and other comparison schedules. In Experiment 2, control by predecessor interresponse times was accentuated by requiring rats to discriminate between a variable-ratio schedule and a tandem schedule that required emission of a sequence of a long, then a short interresponse time in the tandem's terminal schedule. These discrimination data are compatible with the copyist model from Tanno and Silberberg (2012) in which response rates are determined by the succession of interresponse times between reinforcers weighted so that each interresponse time's role in rate determination diminishes exponentially as a function of its distance from reinforcement.

The Time of Globalization: Rethinking Primitive Accumulation

This essay addresses the question, What are the politics of time in relation to globalization? Suggesting that the debates on globalization have forced a conceptual foreclosure of time, the article argues, first, that now more than ever we must attend to capitalism's temporal aspect, and, second, that doing so will enable us to grasp the action of capitalism's constitutive violence. The terms by which to comprehend time's role in globalization are then shown to be available in Marx's account of so-called primitive accumulation. Through an attentive reading of Marx on primitive accumulation, the article aims to elaborate the theoretical means to move beyond time's foreclosure and recognize the eventlike violence that remains at the heart of contemporary globalization.

Reik's theory of psychoanalytic listening.

Long Island University, Brooklyn CenterThe present article attempts to systematize Reik’s theory of psychoanalyticlistening through a detailed reading of Listening with the Third Ear. AlthoughReik’s work anticipated current debates on intersubjectivity, countertransfer-ence, and hermeneutics, it is rarely cited in contemporary literature. This articlebegins to lay the foundation for assessing Reik’s contributions to psychoanalysisby clarifying his views. Reik’s theory is organized around an emphasis onsequencing. Psychoanalytic listening has a natural sequence that begins withunconscious conjectures about patient’s dynamics and ends with conscious caseformulations. Psychoanalytic conjectures crystallize out of the intersubjective,reciprocal illumination of the therapist’s and patient’s unconscious minds.Psychotherapists understand patients most deeply by becoming conscious oftheir subjective reactions to patients and rigorously examining these reactions.Keywords: countertransference, intersubjectivity, listening, formulationFor Theodor Reik, psychoanalysis is a unique discipline. Although it has affinities to boththe natural sciences and the humanities, it is distinguished by a special kind of listening:what Reik calls “listening with the third ear.” In his book of the same title, Reik (1948)contrasts conscious comprehension of psychoanalytic data with the clinician’s initialunconscious conjectures that are later elaborated into systematic comprehension. The thirdear is the unconscious capacity to decipher the psychological clues that inspire psycho-analytic conjectures. According to Reik, both conjecture and comprehension are crucial.However, the essence of psychoanalytic understanding is the third ear.Reik’s classic Listening with the Third Ear (1948) is one of the great unexaminedpsychoanalytic texts. The ideas Reik presents within it intersect considerably with currentdebates on intersubjectivity, countertransference, and hermeneutics, while also pursuingconcerns rarely broached in North American psychoanalytic discourse, such as the role oftiming in analytic listening. However, Listening with the Third Ear is rarely cited in thecontemporary literature and has largely been forgotten by the psychoanalytic community

Time's role for information, processing, and normalization.

Time's role for information, processing, and normalization.