Role Of Social Services Research Articles

Harmonisation de la réparation des préjudices corporels dans l’Union Européenne. Application au contentieux de la responsabilité médicale.

Harmonisation of personal injury compensation in the European Union (EU) is crucial. Continuing on from the work begun by the European Federation of Medical Academies, a working party of the XVth Committee of the French National Academy of Medicine has sought to go beyond the restrictive framework of automobile accident compensation in order to address more universal concerns, regardless of the causes and effects of bodily injury. The specific situation of injuries resulting from medical acts was considered, both for its medicolegal complexity and its potential human consequences. After recalling relevant European legislation, the authors consider the different philosophies of medical liability and health care systems in Europe. Methodological convergence is required to achieve harmonisation of personal injury compensation regimes, and especially for the classification of different types of bodily injury, the role of social services, and the establishment of a reference for medical evaluation of injury with built-in compensation levels. The doctrines and concepts of all EU member states (civil law, common law, Nordic medical liability regimes, etc.) are discussed, together with means of facilitating their harmonisation.

Impact of Gender Disparities in Family Carework on Women’s Life Chances in Chiapas, Mexico

The entry of large numbers of women with children into the paid labor force was a major demographic shift throughout North America and Europe during the last half of the 20th century. Mexican women have gone through similar changes in employment, though less research has been done to document their experiences. As in North America and Europe, Mexican women and girls are doing more unpaid caregiving and housework than men and boys. The issue of central concern in this article is the impact that gender disparities in family carework have on women’s educational and work opportunities and experiences in Chiapas, Mexico. This article shows that girls’ and women’s unequal share of the unpaid childcare and housework has a substantial impact on their school performance, job choice, wages, and job retention. In 99 in-depth, open-ended interviews with working mothers in Chiapas, Mexico, 18% said that unpaid caregiving in the home affected their own education negatively; while 9% said that unpaid caregiving had a negative impact on their daughters’ education. Thirteen percent of women interviewed reported job loss due to caregiving, while 43% reported income loss. Altogether, unpaid caregiving negatively impacted the school or work lives of 52% of the working mothers we interviewed. Their experiences are detailed in this article and have broad relevance for policy debates around the role of social services, educational and work benefits in improving the lives of men and women in Mexico and other industrializing countries.

The decision to go: Disabled children at residential schools and the role of social services departments

Sending a disabled child to a specialist residential school may mean that they live for much of the year at a school a long way from home. New research examines the role of social services departments in helping families think about this important decision. This article explores the views of social services staff on residential schools and the issues they face around how best to work with families who are thinking about a residential school for their child.

Bush administration redefining social service role of nonprofits

The Nonprofit CounselVolume 18, Issue 3 p. 1-2 Article Bush administration redefining social service role of nonprofits Bruce R. Hopkins, Bruce R. HopkinsSearch for more papers by this author Bruce R. Hopkins, Bruce R. HopkinsSearch for more papers by this author First published: 12 March 2007 https://doi.org/10.1002/npc.3870180301AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume18, Issue3March 2001Pages 1-2 RelatedInformation

Table of Contents

AbstractBush Administration Redefining Social Service Role ofNonprofitsTemporary and Proposed Intermediate Sanctions Regulations IssuedFinal Charitable Remainder Trust Regulations IssuedFinal Charitable Lead Trust Regulations IssuedIRS: We Won't Accept Returns Filed by Exempt Organizations that Lack Recognition of ExemptionIRS Stepping Up Education, Outreach, Voluntary Compliance EffortsOther Developments

The Patient Self-Determination Act: meeting the challenges in patient care

Introduction 1. The Requirements of the Patient Self-Determination ActThe Explicit Demands of the LawThe Spirit of the Law 2. The Legal Background of the Patient Self-Determination ActEthics and the LawThe Case of Karen Ann QuinlanThe Case of William BartlingThe Case of Paul BrophyTHe Case of Nancy CruzanGeneral Implications 3. The Social and Technological Background for the Patient Self-Determination ActThe Expectations of HealthcareThe Physician-Patient RelationshipThe Technological Pressures on Healthcare DeliveryThe Difficulty of Limiting Technology in HealthcareHealthcare Costs and the Demands of Justice 4. The Human Context of the Patient Self-Determination ActThe Recognition of Human FinitudeThe Asseriotn of Personal DignityThe Role of the Virtues in Conducting the Moral Life 5. The Institutional Context of the Patient Self-Determination ActThe Social Obligations of InstitutionsThe Mission of the InstitutionHealthcare Institutions as Center of Education 6. The Ethical Foundations of the Patient Self-Determination ActThe Supporting Principles of BioethicsThe Role of the Virtues in Clinical DecisionsInformed ConsentDecisional CapacityThe Right to Refuse TreatmentDemands for TreatmentClinical FutilityAn Integration of Ethical Issues 7. Advance DirectivesThe Nature of Advance DirectivesThe Social Justification for Advance DirectivesGeneral Problems with Advance DirectivesAdvantages and Disadvantages of Advance DirectivesWriting an Advance DirectiveContent of Advance DirectivesAssistance in Writing Advance Directives 8. The Roles of Healthcare ProfessionalsPreparing the ProfessionalThe Role of the PhysicianThe Role of Social Services and ChaplaincyThe Role of NursingPerspective 9. The Role of the Responsible PatientSetting the StageThe Moral Responsibility for Making DecisionsDeveloping a Life of VirtueEssential Virtues of the Responsible PatientSummary Conclusion Index

Child Witness Investigative Interviews: An Analysis of the Use of Children's Video-Recorded Evidence in North Yorkshire

Since the 1992 onset in England and Wales of video-recorded investigative interviews with children for possible use in criminal proceedings, there have been claims that far too many such interviews are being recorded. Indeed, debate about the usefulness of video-recorded interviews centres on the argument that only a few of the many interviews with children which have been recorded on video are used either in criminal courts or, indeed, anywhere else. This paper examines the number and outcome of the video-recorded interviews which were conducted between 1993 and 1996 by the North Yorkshire Police Family Protection Unit (South). Some time after having a video-recorded interview with a child witness/victim the police officer involved in the case completed a questionnaire, the results of which were collated. The results suggest that interviews with children provide useful evidential material and are, in fact, being used. This paper relates only to records kept by the police and not social services. It is not the intention to disregard the process of joint investigation or, indeed, to ignore the importance of the role of social services in the video-recorded interviews referred to in this paper.

Inter-agency Approaches to Domestic Violence and the Role of Social Services

Inter-agency Approaches to Domestic Violence and the Role of Social Services

Social Work Practice in Situations of Intercultural Misunderstandings

SUMMARY This article discusses research on the difficulties of practicing social work ie a multicultural and multiethnic context. The research is based on critical incidents involving 40 social workers in the most “ethnic” public social service centers in Montreal in 1990-1992. The most significant incidents of culture shock between workers from a developed western-type society and clients from developing non-western societies relate to a different notion of the role of social services, different ways of bringing up children, unequal relationships between men and women, a different concept of the family and to a different concept of physical and mental health. The author emphasizes that a better understanding of culture shock and an effort to identify and analyze these sensitive zones of intercultural encounter can have a definite impact on the practice and training of social workers.

Crusading for the Forgotten: Dr. Peter Bryce, Public Health, and Prairie Native Residential Schools

This article examines the rise of the public health movement and its impact on native affairs in Canada at the turn of the century. It focuses on the efforts of Peter Bryce, Chief Medical Officer for the Departments of the Interior and Indian Affairs, to improve conditions in native schools and on reserves. In 1907 Bryce released his controversial Report on the Indian Schools of Manitoba and the North West Territories, revealing that 24 percent of all native residential school students had died of tuberculosis. Believing firmly that the state was responsible for promoting the health and welfare of its people, Bryce insisted that the federal government address this high death rate. His tireless crusade on behalf of the native population demonstrated the extent to which native affairs were influenced by the broader social, political, and economic agendas of the day, and anticipated the federal government's changing role in social services following World War I.

Policing and security in four remote aboriginal communities: A challenge to coercive models of police work

Most of the academic literature on the nature and function of the uniformed public police has emerged from a framework in which the essential nature of police work has been conceptualized in terms of the powers to use coercive force. There exists a small body of policing literature which identifies a social service role for the police. While this literature has been similarly limited by traditional frameworks which emphasize coercion and control, it suggests that people from lower socioeconomic classes rely more heavily on the police to provide a broader range of services than do socially more advantaged people. This includes "primary" security -the protection of one's physical well-being (from violence, accident, illness. and death) in the immediate situation. The particular role played by the public police in such situations may be more a function of the network of social, security. and other services accessible and available to a particular community. The current research places the public police within the broader context of a community's social service and security needs and the ability of the existing network of resources to meet those needs. The particular situation of Indian reserves, in which risk is high while accessibility to social services is low, provides the specific context. Interviews with community members, community leaders, and service providers in four remote aboriginal communities in northern Ontario reveal that alcohol is seen as the most serious social problem in three out of four of the communities, and is perceived to be at the root of most other community problems. At the same time. the public police are seen as the social agency which is best at dealing with either social problems, or problems related to alcohol use. Most other social agencies in the community are viewed as limited in their ability to deal effectively with these kinds of problems. Police occurrence data indicate that the police in each community react to calls involving domestic and non-domestic disputes, problems of order, and requests for a broad range of services. The vast majority of situations to which the police in each community respond involve alcohol use. The particular position of the police in the broader network of social services questions conventional views about the extent to which their coercive powers define their social involvement, or whether it is more their ability to provide primary security that other social agencies cannot. The results have theoretical and policy implications for addressing the over-representation of aboriginal people in correctional institutions, the trend toward the "indigenization" of policing services, and the development of community-based, or problem oriented policing.

Marketing the charitable image of the non-profit hospital.

Because of nonprofit hospitals' charitable contribution to communities, the great majority of these nonprofit hospitals deserve their tax-exempt status. In order for them to maintain this status, hospitals must promote their charitable image in the community. The hospital that is successful in promoting this image will benefit in several ways: 1. The citizens of the community will look on the hospital in a favorable light. 2. The local and state government officials will not feel compelled to vigorously pursue hospital tax dollars. 3. Those people in the community who need charity care will know of its availability. 4. New taxing legislation is less likely to be passed if the legislators know that their public is well educated on the benefits the hospitals provide. Over the years, the image of the hospital has become that of a business rather than that of a charitable service organization. The public has been inundated with information by the media on the business of healthcare rather than the social service role of the hospital. In order for nonprofit institutions to survive, they will need to communicate otherwise the public will remain ignorant, and the repercussions could be disastrous.

Human Development in Poor Countries: On the Role of Private Incomes and Public Services

Development is often taken to mean rising incomes. Discussions of the “goals of development” now often emphasize the reduction of poverty, rather than raising average incomes per se. The role of social services—particularly basic health and education—has also received greater emphasis in the 1980s, viewed mainly as instruments for raising the incomes of the poor. But, in all these approaches, income growth of one sort or another is what development is all about. A rather different view of the meaning of development has recently found expression in the 1990 Human Development Report (HRD) produced by the United Nations Development Programme. A conceptual underpinning for this approach can be found in the work of Amartya Sen. The essence of this view is that human development—what people can actually do and be—is the overriding purpose of economic development. Underdevelopment is viewed as the lack of certain basic capabilities, rather than lack of income per se. We do not aim here to advocate one of these approaches over the other, but rather to explore their implications for development policy. For instance, what does the human development approach imply about the role of economic growth and, in particular, about reducing income poverty? Should development priorities shift toward the provision of public services in poor countries, even if such a shift is at the expense of income growth?

Changing Traditional Nursing Home Roles to Nursing Case Management

1. The role of nursing case manager described here was derived from the concept of primary nursing in acute care, team nursing, and the community-based social service role. 2. Nurses in nursing homes often function within a bureaucratic, physician advocate role instead of within a professional, patient advocate role. 3. Following implementation of the nursing case manager role, nurses were able to see results of their intervention, nursing accountability was enhanced, and the number of documented positive patient outcomes increased. 4. The two primary paper tools used by nurses in this project were the care plan to direct individualized care and the progress note to report problem resolution.

Mental health and the relatives of social work clients

Abstract This paper farms part of a continuing analysis of data from a project which is investigating the role of social services in community mental health. It focuses on a sub-sample of social work cases where clients were supported by relatives. Factors which are associated with the psychological distress found among relatives and which should underpin social work assessment are examined. This is followed by an investigation of how much help is currently given by social workers and whether the mental health problems of relatives are alleviated.

Charity and Change: Montreal English Protestant Charity Faces the Crisis of Depression

Durant les années trente, tous les organismes charitables tant publics que privés, à travers le Canada, doivent s'adapter aux nouvelles circonstances engendrées par la Dépression. La crise est ressentie de façon particulièrement aiguë par le Montreal Council of Social Agencies, une organisation de la minorité protestante anglophone, dans une ville peu encline à accepter sa part de responsabilité au niveau des services publics. Le Conseil se voit contraint d'assumer le fardeau des services d'assistance destinés aux membres de sa communauté. La Dépression provoque un bouleversement brusque et à long terme des opérations du Conseil l'obligeant ainsi à réévaluer et à réaffirmer son rôle au sein des services sociaux. Par conséquent, le Montreal Council of Social Agencies exerce des pressions sur les autorités municipales, provinciales et fédérales, les incitant à s'impliquer davantage dans l'assistance sociale afin d'alléger les problèmes immédiats et potentiels. Il est important de souligner que durant les années trente, le Montreal Council of Social Agencies s'appuie sur les principes de la Charity Organization Society. Ces principes n 'ont pas fléchi durant cette crise, au contraire ils se sont maintenus et consolidés.

The Role of Social Services in Social Security: Trends and Perspectives.

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviews of Government Reports and Public DocumentsThe Role of Social Services in Social Security: Trends and Perspectives.Robert S. MagillRobert S. Magill Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Social Service Review Volume 49, Number 2Jun., 1975 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/643261 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright 1975 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Unicef's Role in Social Services for Children and Training Opportunities

Unicef's Role in Social Services for Children and Training Opportunities