Role Of Self-government Research Articles

Problematyka samorządu w wybranych konstytucjach państw europejskich w okresie międzywojennym

The aim of this article is to analyse the constitutional provisions of the interwar period relating to self-government and, in particular, local self-government. I assumed that self-government, by gaining the status of a value regulated by the basic law, was becoming a necessary and at the same time inalienable element of power. The inclusion of the institution in the constitution may have reflected a recognition of its importance in state building. The constitutions of the newly created states and, to a lesser extent, the basic laws created before 1914 were examined. The inspiration of the basic laws has also been shown. A comparison was made between Polish regulations and solutions adopted in constitutions of other countries. It was important to answer the question whether the traditions of self-governance influenced the adopted regulations. Both institutional and legal analysis and comparative studies were used to achieve the objective. The main thesis of the article is that the role of self-government in the state as well as the presence of provisions relating to self-government was in line with the path of political transformation. Democratisation has tended to foster the inclusion of local government in the axiological system set out in the constitution, whereas in authoritarian states the role of local government has been limited. The presented thesis should be accompanied by one reservation. Constitutional regulations have been of a varied nature, and it is not always the case that fewer provisions on self-government have depreciated the significance of this institution in the state.

The role of self-government in improving the quality of life of rural residents

The aim is to show the main directions of strategic reforms that contribute to improving the well-being of the rural population, modernizing public administration and balanced territorial development. Methods - economic and statistical, assessment, comparative analysis. Results - it was revealed that despite the respondents' satisfaction with the quality of life in the countryside, the existing problems in rural areas are associated with insufficient use of production and intellectual potential, competitive advantages of the agricultural sector of the republic. The article discusses the need to improve the methods of State regulation and self-government based on the involvement of rural residents in these processes. This will make it possible to form a national model of positive socio-economic dynamics, taking into account historical experience, traditions and foreign practice. In the context of this, the arguments for increasing the responsibility of the institution of State self-government in making decisions on the effective development of the territory seem relevant. The authors note the need for the participation of the rural population in formation of the budget, lobbying for social and other projects which are necessary for specific administrative-territorial units. The necessity of active use of digital technologies in business and social movement in the conditions of quarantine and postcovid regimes has been justified. Conclusions - improving the efficiency of self-government bodies is a complex, complex task that requires the concentration of efforts of many structures. It is necessary to introduce digital technologies to create infrastructure in rural areas in order to ensure social security and improve quality of life of the population.

DELIVERY OF PUBLIC SERVICES BY LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT UNITS SUPPORTED BY PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

Contents included in this paper relate to problematic of delivery of public services on the principles of cooperation between public party and private party. The aim of this article comes down to assessment of development of public-private partnership in Poland from the realization of public services point of view. At the beginning of this consideration the role of self-government in process of satisfying common citizens’ needs has been highlighted. In this area particular attention has been paid to issue of public services, within which definition and their classification have been shown. Possibility of external entities’ participation in the process of public services realization has been also underlined. Emphasis has been placed on public-private partnership. In this context theoretical assumptions of this cooperation form have been presented, moreover current, national regulation and cooperation categories widespread in EU countries have been highlighted. Analysis of public-private partnership market in Poland with regard to contracts concluded in order to delivery of public services by local governments has been carried out. At the end conclusions and directions of further research have been indicated.

Роль селянського самоврядування у функціонуванні церковнопарафіяльних шкіл у Російській імперії у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. (на прикладі українських лівобережних єпархій)

Роль селянського самоврядування у функціонуванні церковнопарафіяльних шкіл у Російській імперії у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. (на прикладі українських лівобережних єпархій)

Habit as Switchpoint

Building on Mary Poovey’s reflections, this article outlines a two-fold genealogy of habit in the context of the philosophy and practice of liberalism. One aspect relates to the word ‘habit’, which by the 19th century had come to mean the repetitive actions of the body and mind, thus shedding its former association with dress and collective customs. The second relates to how ‘habit’ functioned as a means of mediating the tensions of liberalism, three in particular: between the self and the social; between an individual’s past, present and future actions; and between the role of the state and the role of self-government.

Economic Policies of the New Independent Trade Unions: Domains of Interest and Premises of Choice

The basic dilemma of the new independent trade unions in Poland, 'Solidarity' included, concerns under which conditions the unions should participate in economic decision-making. Consideration of the place of the new unions in the socio-economic system leads to the conclusion that their domain is distribution rather than production. From this conclusion several specific policy recommendations follow. This discussion is preceded by: i) an analysis of the economic poliçies which resulted in mass strikes in summer 1980. ii) an analysis of the official economic policy in the later period, pointing out the necessity of a moratorium on foreign debts as a precondition of successful restoration of the economy iii) an outline of the economic conversion iv) an analysis of the unions' policy regarding pricing of food products. The policy recommendations cover the general direction of economic reforms, preferably relations between the unions and the existing economic institutions, and the role of self-government in economy.