Role In Coordination Research Articles

The HOP Pilot: A collaboration to develop an integrated person-centred model for vulnerable people to feel safe accessing health support

Introduction: Using a partner-development framework, 29 government, private, educational, and not-for-profit organisations, across two West Australian Local Governments, developed a person-centred model to tackle barriers experienced by vulnerable community members for accessing treatment and health programs.
 Target group: “Vulnerable” is a broad term that includes disability, mental health issues, Aboriginal, other cultural diversity, elderly, and low socio-economic status. Those with the highest health needs are often least likely to access services. Challenges for engagement include ignorance, lack of understanding by both service-providers and consumers, and absence of inter-sectoral collaboration. Trust and relationship-building can take years.
 Stakeholders: As the pilot timeframe was short, the insights of identified community champions and those working closely with vulnerable communities were sought to facilitate a supportive person-centred model, tailored to identified local needs. Partners included State and Local Government departments, not-for-profit agencies, universities, and the private sector. (Links for partner details are available at: https://cihealth.com.au/the-hop-healthy-outreach-program/)
 Collaborative Development of Participant Journey Model: The HOP, chosen for its lively sound rather than the acronym of Healthy Outreach Program, was resourced by the Western Australian Primary Health Alliance (WAPHA) to adapt Cockburn Integrated Health’s existing healthy lifestyle service to meet the needs of neighbouring local government areas. The partnering process was:
 Review of extant models > snowball organisation recruitment > one-to-one stakeholder interviews > mapping of strengths, gaps and opportunities > draft for proposed participant journey model > a full-day workshop to finalise the model, culminating in program-naming and signing of “The Coalition of the Willing”.
 Results of Collaboration: Consultation and collaboration elucidated several service gaps and barriers to engagement. In many cases, immediate solutions were discovered through coordinated networking. For example, one park’s usual activities of fights, drug deals, and drinking were replaced for one day a week with exercise sessions, on-demand psychological help, and displays created by supervised nutrition students with free (donated) fruit and customised resources. By offering health-enablers in settings already attended by vulnerable people, a supportive environment became accessible. Peer mentors and outreach workers (known as “HOP Guides”) received interactive training to augment engagement and sustained participation. A recommendation for choice inspired a hierarchy for levels of health assessment and commitment to participation: HOP to Good, HOP to Better, and HOP to Best. Resource-sharing of a colour-in wellness wheel allowed an icebreaking, appealing self-assessment tool.
 Learning: Tailoring and integration of services to meet local needs, peer mentorship, and dedicated networking opportunities were similar to the five-year-old Cockburn service. Differences included greater vulnerabilities and higher needs of HOP participants, short timeframe of the pilot, and HOP Guide training. The dedicated coordinator role was deemed essential to the partnership success. The inclusive consultation process resulted in a sense of ownership for participating stakeholders and is recommended as a framework for similar partnership development initiatives. 
 Next Steps: Two-and-a half-years post-workshop, in March 2023, HOP partners will be re-interviewed to assess sustained outcomes of the pilot program. These strengths will be disseminated to interested parties to inform future program planning.

Efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate by Mn single-atom: Critical role of Mn-N4 coordination for generating singlet oxygen

Single-atom catalysts with high catalytic efficiency and simple preparation methods are critical for activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade emerging contaminants in aqueous solution. Herein, manganese single-atom nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst (SA-Mn-NC) was synthesized by precisely controlled catalytic carbonization using small-molecule organic compounds as precursors, and Mn was uniformly dispersed in a single-atom state and existed in the ligand structure of Mn-N4. Thus, the SA-Mn-NC had considerable catalytic activity and can realize 100% bisphenol A degradation within 3 min with kobs of 1.56 min−1, which was 4.7 and 9.2 times higher than that of NC (0.33 min−1) and Mn-NC (0.17 min−1). Moreover, SA-Mn-NC has excellent environmental adaptability, negligible metal leaching concentration, good cycling stability, and selectivity to electron-rich compounds. EPR tests, quenching experiments, electrochemical measurements, and selective degradation results together confirmed that singlet oxygen (1O2) was the main active species in the SA-Mn-NC/PMS system. The coupled N-active sites of Mn-N4 contribute to the efficient activation of PMS to generate 1O2 and achieve high catalytic turnover frequency. This work provides a simple strategy for the preparation of single-atom catalysts with considerable PMS catalytic efficiency and negligible metal leaching toxicity, which is of guiding importance for the design of single-atom catalysts for high-efficiency water treatment.

AGING IN THE RIGHT PLACE: HOUSING AND SOCIAL SUPPORTS FOR OLDER ADULTS EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS

Abstract The Aging in the Right Place (AIRP) framework recognizes that secure housing for older adults should support one’s unique vulnerabilities and lifestyles. Applying the AIRP framework to older people experiencing homelessness (OPEH) reveals limited access to the types of living environments and supportive services that promote dignity, health, and inclusion in later life. This symposium aims to use the AIRP framework to examine the places, meanings, and opportunities experienced by diverse groups of OPEH striving to secure housing and promote their well-being. The first paper uses photovoice interviews and thematic analysis to broaden the current conceptualization of AIRP by exploring how feelings, actions, and place inform the meaning of AIRP for older adult residents of one temporary housing program in Vancouver, CA. The second examines the housing and support needs of older adult veterans in Calgary, CA residing in temporary congregate housing through a multi-methods approach involving document reviews, environmental audits, and in-depth interviews. The third paper uses interviews with OPEH and service providers in Columbus, OH to look across the continuum of housing occupied by older adults before, during, and after an episode of late-life homelessness and to investigate the mechanisms that allow OPEH to identify and access the housing they consider optimal. Finally, the discussion positions AIRP for OPEH within the broad context of Age-Friendly ecosystems to highlight the role of coordination between housing providers, government leaders, health services, university researchers, and residents to ensure that AIRP is achievable for precariously housed older persons.

Clinical significance of dynamical network indices of surface electromyography for reticular neuromuscular control assessment

BackgroundThere is currently no objective and accurate clinical assessment of reticular neuromuscular control in healthy subjects or patients with upper motor neuron injury. As a result, clinical dysfunctions of neuromuscular control could just be semi-quantified, efficacies and mechanisms of various therapies for neuromuscular control improving are difficult to verify.MethodsFourteen healthy participants were required to maintain standing balance in the kinetostatics model of Gusu Constraint Standing Training (GCST). A backward and upward constraint force was applied to their trunk at 0°, 20° and 25°, respectively. The multiplex recurrence network (MRN) was applied to analyze the surface electromyography signals of 16 muscles of bilateral lower limbs during the tests. Different levels of MRN network indices were utilized to assess reticular neuromuscular control.ResultsCompared with the 0° test, the MRN indices related to muscle coordination of bilateral lower limbs, of unilateral lower limb and of inter limbs showed significant increase when participants stood in 20° and 25° tests (P < 0.05). The indices related to muscle contribution of gluteal, anterior thigh and calf muscles significantly increased when participants stood in 20° and 25° tests (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study applied the dynamical network indices of MRN to analyze the changes of neuromuscular control of lower limbs of healthy participants in the kinetostatics model of GCST. Results showed that the overall coordination of lower limb muscles would be significantly enhanced during performing GCST, partly by the enhancement of neuromuscular control of single lower limb, and partly by the enhancement of joint control across lower limbs. In particular, the muscles in buttocks, anterior thighs and calves played a more important role in the overall coordination, and their involvement was significantly increased. The MRN could provide details of control at the bilateral lower limbs, unilateral lower limb, inter limbs, and single muscle levels, and has the potential to be a new tool for assessing the reticular neuromuscular control.Trial registration ChiCTR2100055090

Rho GTPase activity crosstalk mediated by Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 coordinates cell protrusion-retraction cycles

Rho GTPases play a key role in the spatio-temporal coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics during cell migration. Here, we directly investigate crosstalk between the major Rho GTPases Rho, Rac and Cdc42 by combining rapid activity perturbation with activity measurements in mammalian cells. These studies reveal that Rac stimulates Rho activity. Direct measurement of spatio-temporal activity patterns show that Rac activity is tightly and precisely coupled to local cell protrusions, followed by Rho activation during retraction. Furthermore, we find that the Rho-activating Lbc-type GEFs Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 are enriched at transient cell protrusions and retractions and recruited to the plasma membrane by active Rac. In addition, their depletion reduces activity crosstalk, cell protrusion-retraction dynamics and migration distance and increases migration directionality. Thus, our study shows that Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 facilitate exploratory cell migration by coordinating cell protrusion and retraction by coupling the activity of the associated regulators Rac and Rho.

Proposing a framework for evidence-based road safety policy-making: Connecting crash causation, countermeasures and policy

Effective evidence-based policy making within road safety is a several step cyclic process that involves gathering data about the causes of crashes, analysing these data, developing countermeasures and implementing and evaluating them. There are many examples of crash causation focused data collection activities available to policy makers but knowledge on how these finding may have led to countermeasure implementation and new policy is much less well established. This paper proposes a framework for best practice evidence-based policy making. To address existing gaps, the framework consists of three pillars: these are (1) Crash causation establishment; (2) Countermeasure development and implementation; and (3) road safety management. A key element in this framework is the recommendation for the establishment of an organisation responsible for road safety that has a strategic and coordination role. This framework, as a whole, aims to provide a practical high-level map by connecting evidence to policy at every point in the policy making cycle and ensuring that evidence-based road safety policy is a national priority. It is anticipated that using this framework to inform road safety policy development will enhance the success of any developed policy.

The Role of Digital Communication and Coordination in Work Effectiveness at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

Introduction: Airports are public facilities that provides air transportation for people and goods domestically and internationally. Coordination supported by digital communication plays an important role in improving work effectiveness at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Theoretical Reference Framework: According to Ku &amp; Chen (2016), many airports have implemented digital communication to provide comfort to serve users which aiming effectiveness. According to Steers (2015) that defines effectiveness as doing something accurately, on time, objectively and thoroughly in accordance with organizational goals. Method: This study uses a quantitative method approach with stratified random sampling techniques. This research involves Military and Non-Military members who work at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in task units with a total of 2,000 officers from Military, Police, Immigration, Customs, Avsec and Airport Authorities. Results: The results of this study show that the synergy of Military and Non-Military has improved work effectiveness at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Discussion: Descriptive analysis aims to provide a general overview of the respondents’ answers related to the research variables and their dimensions. The variables in this study include coordination, digital communication, and work effectiveness. Conclusion: Digital communication has a positive and significant effect on work effectiveness. Coordination has a positive and significant effect on work effectiveness. Digital communication has a positive and significant effect on coordination. Digital communication mediated by coordination has a positive and significant effect on work effectiveness.

The Position of the Archipelagic Sea Lanes in the Makassar Strait Interregional Zoning Plan Policy

Objective: This study aims to analyze the position of archipelagic sea lanes in the Makassar Strait RZKAW. Theoritical Framework: Archipelagic sea lanes are waters that exist only in island states and are used for ship transport. Island countries that have ratified UNCLOS 1982 are required to implement their archipelagic sea lanes in legislation in order to determine the sea lanes that ships can pass through and flight routes over the sea by determining the axes to be included on maps and reported to the International Maritime Organization, so that they can be used for ships passing through the country's jurisdiction. The RZKAW is used to create plans for the use of marine space in inter-regional areas. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach and emphasizes more on normative and empirical aspects. Results and Conclusion: The results of the study show that the responsibility of the State of Indonesia in utilizing archipelagic sea lanes with the existence of RZKAW refers to the provisions of previous legislation. RZKAW will provide space for the community to access state assets based on permits granted by the government and synchronized with development. In the future it will become an important water area, due to the high level of space utilization and multisectoral interests. There are different interests in the Makassar Strait, the regulations used for sea space are different. Similarly, agencies that conduct surveillance on marine space are also different. In order to anticipate conflicts of authority and disharmony in marine space regulations at RZKAW, the Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) can take on the role of coordinator of security and safety patrols at sea. The study recommends integrated supervision in the utilization of archipelagic sea lanes in Indonesia's Makassar Strait. Imlication of the research: If Indonesia's capital city moves to East Kalimantan, the Makassar Strait will become an important water area, with higher space utilization and more multi-sectoral interests, necessitating effective and efficient supervision of AlKI II.

Community-based incentive coordination in payments for ecosystem services: China’s Wolong Nature Reserve

Community-based Payments for Ecosystem Services (CB-PES) have received continued attention because of their ability to help Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) improve local outcomes and sustain community support. This study scrutinizes the role of community-based incentive coordination in PES using the case of China’s Wolong Nature Reserve (WNR). Combining theoretical modeling and empirical analysis of the WNR, this study demonstrates that CB-PES can deploy a range of incentive-coordinated techniques and practices, eventually improving economic outcomes for stakeholders and environmental benefits for society. In addition, this study also highlights the fact that CB-PES aiming to achieve incentive coordination rely on participatory intermediary governance. Finally, designing community-based incentive coordination mechanisms in PES remains challenging, as it also depends on coordinated conservation efforts to optimize the economic outcomes and environmental benefits of PES.

간호대학생을 위한 팀프로젝트기반 임상시험연구 교육의 효과

Objectives Project-based learning engages students in practical activities related to course contents and has been demonstrated to improve academic performance. Nurses play a particularly important role in promoting clinical trial research as a new professional workforce. An entry-leveled educational course was developed to learn the future professional workforce roles in clinical trial research for nursing students. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a clinical trial research course on the importance and performance of the clinical research coordinators' role, students' recognized achievement, and cooperative self-efficacy.&#x0D; Methods Five professional clinical coordinators and two nursing professors developed the four projects on the clinical research processes and roles based on Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Thirteen junior students divided into 4 small groups completed a new project-based clinical research course composed of 8 sessions of clinical field work, discussion, reflection, portfolio, and presentation from September to October 2022. Students responded questionnaires on the importance-performance clinical trial nurses' roles, recognized achievement, and cooperative self-efficacy, and reported the reflective journal on the class. The students' class evaluation data was retrieved and analyzed using importance-performance analysis (IPA) and Wilcoxon signed rank test.&#x0D; Results Compared to baseline scores, protocol assessment (z=-2.59, p=.010), protocol planning (z=-1.96, p=.050), and subject recruitment (z=-2.16, p=.031) increased among the 8-section of clinical trial coordinator's roles. Additionally professional role recognition increased after the class (z=-2.25, p=.025). IPA analysis exhibited that nursing students recognized the 8-section clinical trial nurses' roles as more important and more performing. The mean score of nursing students' recognized achievement was high (4.96 points out of 5 points), and cooperative self-efficacy was high (4.37 points out of 5 points) after completing a clinical trial research course.&#x0D; Conclusions An entry-leveled educational course on the clinical trial research using project-based learning may expand the possibility of a new professional career for nursing students.

Social Cohesion and Cultural Identity Educational Patterns Involve the Role of Coordination, Islamic Education Values, Work Ethics, and Performance of Driving Teachers in Cilegon City Elementary Schools

&lt;p&gt;Kohesi sosial merupakan nilai-nilai yang terkandung sehingga muncul keinginan masyarakat untuk tetap bersatu di tengah keberagaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengoptimalkan peran etika kerja sebagai budaya organisasi Pendidikan. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner (survey) pada guru sekolah dasar sebanyak 185 responden. Teknik analisis data melalui analisis hasil responden dengan alat statistic structural equational modelling (SEM) untuk menguji pengeruh langsung dan tidak langsung antar variable. Hasil penelitian antara lain: 1) tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara koordinasi terhadap kinerja guru penggerak. 2) ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara koordinasi terhadap etika kerja. 3) ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara nilai pendidikan islami terhadap kinerja guru penggerak. 4) ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara nilai pendidikan islami terhadap etika kerja. 5) ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara etika kerja terhadap kinerja guru pengerak. 6) ada pengaruh tidak langsung dengan mediasi variable etika kerja.&lt;/p&gt;

The social construction of “popular” foods

This research article explores the relationship between origin and product in the context of the economy of qualities, which emphasizes the constructed and negotiated nature of product characteristics in modern market economies. Focusing on the Ribera del Guadiana Designation of Origin (DO) in Extremadura, Spain, the study investigates how specific actions contribute to linking particular attributes to a geographical location and vice versa. The analysis reveals that the relationship between origin and product is not fixed and stable but constantly recreated through processes that combine standardization and contingency. The article highlights the performative dimension of the “origin” category, showing how it associates the qualities defining the product's uniqueness and connects it to a specific place. The study draws on ethnographic research conducted at the Almendralejo Enological Station, which plays a crucial role in regulating the Ribera del Guadiana DO. Two specific processes of diversified standardization—ripeness control and harvest window adjustment, as well as organoleptic analysis and analytical sample control—are examined in detail. The findings demonstrate the procedural construction of the DO Ribera del Guadiana object and emphasize the role of coordination among various agents in stabilizing product properties. By tracing the journey of the object from the vineyard to the laboratory and through the analytical report, the article sheds light on the dynamic nature of standardization processes and their impact on the relationship between origin and product.

Long-term outcomes for students who attend alternative provision schools: analysis of a national dataset at national, regional, local and institutional levels

ABSTRACT Little is known about the long-term outcomes of students who attend alternative provision (AP) settings. This study set out to analyse data published by the Department for Education which presents long-term education and employment outcomes for school pupils in England. After making comparisons by type of setting at the national level, this analysis focused on alternative provision at regional, local and institutional levels. Findings identify considerable differences in rates of sustained education and employment destinations for students who have attended AP. This suggests an AP setting with over four in 10 of their ex-students in stable education or employment after three years is performing well. Findings also suggest an important role for expectations, extended transitions and local coordination. This study presents a benchmark against which future studies of AP can measure long-term outcomes and providers of AP can judge their work.

Cu3 BiS3 : Two-Dimensional Coordination Induces Out-of-Plane Phonon Scattering Enabling Ultralow Thermal Conductivity.

The discovery of compounds with low thermal conductivity and the understanding of their microscopic mechanisms are of great challenges and scientific significance. Herein, we report a unique ternary sulfide compound, Cu3 BiS3 , in which all Cu atoms are coordinated within a two-dimensional [CuS3 ] triangle plane. This local coordination leads to efficient out-of-plane phonon scattering and an ultralow thermal conductivity. Through DFT phonon spectrum calculations and analyses, we reveal that the lowest vibration frequency decreases from 2 THz for high-dimensional [CuS4 ] tetrahedral coordinated Cu atoms in CuBiS2 (CN=4, with an average Cu-S bond length of 2.328 Å) to 1.5 THz for low-dimensional [CuS3 ] triangular coordinated Cu atoms in Cu3 BiS3 (CN=3, with a shorter Cu-S bond length of 2.285 Å). This is due to the out-of-plane thermal vibration of the Cu atoms in the latter. Consequently,Cu3 BiS3 exhibits one of the lowest values of κlat (0.32 W/m K) among its peer, with a 36 % reduction compared to CuBiS2 (0.50 W/m K). This groundbreaking discovery highlights the significant role of 2D local coordination in reducing thermal conductivity through characteristic out-of-plane phonon scattering, while also contributing to a large Grüneisen parameter (2.06) in Cu3 BiS3 .

Cu3BiS3: Two‐Dimensional Coordination Induces Out‐of‐Plane Phonon Scattering Enabling Ultralow Thermal Conductivity

AbstractThe discovery of compounds with low thermal conductivity and the understanding of their microscopic mechanisms are of great challenges and scientific significance. Herein, we report a unique ternary sulfide compound, Cu3BiS3, in which all Cu atoms are coordinated within a two‐dimensional [CuS3] triangle plane. This local coordination leads to efficient out‐of‐plane phonon scattering and an ultralow thermal conductivity. Through DFT phonon spectrum calculations and analyses, we reveal that the lowest vibration frequency decreases from 2 THz for high‐dimensional [CuS4] tetrahedral coordinated Cu atoms in CuBiS2 (CN=4, with an average Cu−S bond length of 2.328 Å) to 1.5 THz for low‐dimensional [CuS3] triangular coordinated Cu atoms in Cu3BiS3 (CN=3, with a shorter Cu−S bond length of 2.285 Å). This is due to the out‐of‐plane thermal vibration of the Cu atoms in the latter. Consequently,Cu3BiS3 exhibits one of the lowest values of κlat (0.32 W/m K) among its peer, with a 36 % reduction compared to CuBiS2 (0.50 W/m K). This groundbreaking discovery highlights the significant role of 2D local coordination in reducing thermal conductivity through characteristic out‐of‐plane phonon scattering, while also contributing to a large Grüneisen parameter (2.06) in Cu3BiS3.

A game theoretic approach to contract-based enviro-economic coordination of wood pellet supply chains for bioenergy production

Wood pellets have gained global attention due to their economic availability and increasing demand for bioenergy as part of sustainable energy solutions. Management of the wood pellet supply chains, from feedstock harvesting to bioenergy conversion, is critical to ensure competitiveness in the energy markets. In this regard, wood pellets supply chain coordination can play a strategic role in enhancing the efficiency and reliability of bioenergy generation. This study proposes a contract-based coordination mechanism for wood pellet supply chains and compares its performance in alternative centralized and decentralized decision-making structures. A bi-level nonlinear game-theoretic approach with two economic and environmental objective functions is developed. It utilizes the concept of life cycle assessment in a Stackelberg leader–follower game to obtain the bioenergy equilibrium solutions. Further, this study examines the case of wood pellet supply chains in three remote Canadian communities. The aim is to showcase the practicality and significance of the proposed approach and interpret the findings. By focusing on these communities, the crucial role of supply chain coordination in fostering sustainable development, particularly, in the context of bioenergy generation is emphasized. The study colludes by advocating a number of avenues for future research.

Adsorption performance and mechanisms of Co2+ onto carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes

In this study, carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes (cCNTs) were used as adsorbents for nuclide Co2+, and their adsorption characteristics and mechanisms were investigated. The cCNTs presented a characteristic tubular morphology, a moderately ordered crystal structure, and good thermal stability. Their specific surface area and isoelectric point were 405.6 m2/g and 2.4, respectively. The adsorption of Co2+ onto the cCNTs exhibited rapid kinetics, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 25.1 mg/g at 303 K. This adsorption process is pH-sensitive, with higher pH resulting in better adsorption capacity. Moreover, the order of selective adsorption onto the cCNTs was Co > Sr > Cs, and the presence of coexisting cations in the simulated seawater was found to influence Co adsorption. The adsorption mechanisms of Co on cCNTs involved physical and chemical adsorption, driven by electrostatic interactions and coordination with the active sites. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation revealed that the adsorption energy of Co2+ onto cCNTs was −197.6 kcal/mol, and O atoms on the surface of cCNTs played a vital role in coordination. This study was beneficial for comprehending the adsorption performance and mechanism, particularly concerning the competitive adsorption performance of nuclides onto carbon nanotubes (cCNTs).

Personalised care and support planning in Singapore: qualitative interviews with people living with diabetes.

Personalised care and support planning (CSP) is a person-centred approach for the care of people living with long-term conditions. Patient Activation through Community Empowerment/Engagement for Diabetes Management (PACE-D) adapts the Year of Care Partnerships (YOCP) approach to CSP in the UK for people living with diabetes at Singapore polyclinics. Polyclinics are multi-storey primary care hubs that provide affordable, multidisciplinary, comprehensive, and high-throughput public health care for the multi-ethnic, multilingual Singapore population. To explore the experience of PACE-D-enrolled people living with diabetes with personalised CSP at Singapore polyclinics. Qualitative interviews of people living with diabetes who experienced personalised CSP at National University Polyclinics (NUP) in Singapore between July 2020 and November 2021. PACE-D-enrolled people living with diabetes who experienced personalised CSP were purposively sampled. In-depth semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Fifty-two patients participated in the study. Four main themes were identified. Theme 1 was the importance of the care-planning letter. Patients reported that the CPL prompted reflection and patient preparation for CSP conversations. Theme 2 was the role of the programme coordinator. PACE-D programme coordinators amplified self-management by playing advocate and confidant beyond administrative duties. Theme 3 was the value of the personalised CSP conversation. CSP providers were perceived as partners in care, with more time to listen compared with usual consultations. Patient engagement was affected by language confidence. Theme 4 was agency in self-management. With adequate time and support, patients increased in confidence and agency both in CSP engagement and diabetes self-management. While language confidence may affect patient engagement, personalised CSP shows promise for strengthening patient engagement and self-management among people living with diabetes at Singapore polyclinics.

„Es ist eine unserer Hauptaufgaben, die Sicherheit der Patienten zu gewährleisten.“ – Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie zur Gewährleistung von Sicherheit in der beatmungsspezifischen Hilfsmittelversorgung

BackgroundMaintaining safety is critical in home mechanical ventilation (HMV). It is co-determined by the availability of reliable technical aids and their correct application. Ensuring safe aid supply is part of the aid providers'́ legal mandate. However, whether and how this is achieved is largely unknown. Therefore, the tasks of technical aid providers, associated requirements and challenges with special regards to educational and safety aspects were investigated. MethodsFor this purpose, episodic interviews were conducted between July and December 2020 with a purposive sample of field representatives of eleven technical aid providers. Between one and six persons participated in each of the interviews, resulting in a total sample of 25 persons (14 field representatives without management function, ten with management function, one director). Given the conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, six interviews took place face-to-face and five as web meetings. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. ResultsFrom the interviewees'́ perspective, the most important safety-related measure is the legally required and individually tailored initial instruction in a safe aid application. Additional safety-related tasks comprise counselling, e. g. for prescribing physicians and users (patients, relatives, nursing service employees), regular home visits, and the provision of a technical emergency service. Interviewees indicate that safety risks emerge primarily from a lack of skills and a high staff turnover among professional caregivers. This, they state, challenges building up and maintaining competencies among nursing staff. Other safety risks arise from healthcare fragmentation, lacking coordination, cooperation, and accountability of the professionals involved. Respondents address these challenges pragmatically by providing additional services, like ongoing caregiver training, care coordination and support roles. DiscussionMaintaining safety in ventilation-associated technical aid supply must be considered a crucial component of the overall HMV care processes, in which safety currently cannot be taken for granted. Field representatives of technical aid providers address the existing challenges with selective and intuitive strategies, some of which exceed their legal mandate. ConclusionImproving safety in home care can be supported by establishing Advanced Nursing Practice roles in nursing services. The systematic further development of roles and tasks of staff of technical aid providers should be clarified within an overarching discourse on viable approaches to cross-sectoral and interprofessional HMV care.

Do Smallholder Farmers Need Paddy Microtakaful Scheme?

Smallholder farmers play a crucial role in the agricultural sector of developing nations, but they are exposed to a number of risks that could result in sizable financial losses. As an alternative risk-sharing mechanism that can assist smallholder farmers in effectively managing their risks, microtakaful has been introduced. The article intends to propose the Paddy Microtakaful Scheme (PMTS) exclusively for smallholding farmers in Malaysia. This protection is significant for smallholder farmers to provide sustainable economic growth and food security. A few key areas must be observed to understand the necessity of having the scheme. An overview of Malaysia’s agriculture sector is presented focusing on land use, employment, and production of food crops among the smallholder farmers. Risks and perils in agriculture, including natural disasters, pests, and crop diseases, are also outlined. The role of PMTS is also discussed, highlighting its many benefits to smallholder farmers. A survey was carried out among 275 smallholder farmers to gain information on their demographic profiles, farming activities as well as their willingness to contribute to the PMTS. The information is vital in developing a suitable and well-accepted PMTS, specifically among smallholder farmers in Malaysia. The PMTS framework presented in this report is based on a hypothetical product that contains four main attributes: 1) types of crops to be insured, 2) type of coverage, 3) contribution or the price, and 4) sum assured/benefit. The scheme includes coverage for natural disasters, pests, and crop diseases with the ultimate objective to reduce the vulnerability of the global food system. Further research will consist of the execution of a pilot program formulated to evaluate the effectiveness of PMTS. With the government’s three-way coordination and active roles, the smallholder farmers and Takaful company will become the essential constituents in realizing the PMTS.