Role In Indonesia Research Articles

Kajian Sistem Pemasaran dan Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan Serta Tingkat Kesejahteraan Nelayan di Desa Lembur Barat, Kecamatan Alor Tengah Utara, Kabupaten Alor.

Fishermen are groups of individuals who carry out fishing and other aquatic biota in various types of waters, including fresh, brackish, and marine waters. Fishermen are communities that live on the coast and rely on marine catches for their livelihood. Although fraught with risks, the fishing profession is often passed down from generation to generation in Indonesia. However, their economic conditions are often affected by various factors, including climate problems such as famine seasons that occur every year. BPS 2013 data shows that fishermen and fishing communities play a large role in Indonesia's poverty rate. This study adopts a qualitative approach, by applying direct interviews with fishermen and document collection as data collection methods. Research findings show that fishermen face challenges in fishing, especially during high sea waves and lean seasons. In West Overtime Village, North Central Alor District, fishermen have difficulty finding fish because of the large rompong that affects the movement of fish in these waters. This condition encourages most fishermen to switch professions to become farmers to meet their daily needs. In small fishing communities, visible traits include the use of small-scale fishing gear, uncertain income, independent operations, and simple skills. Social and geographical isolation are also influencing factors, along with low levels of well-being. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the conditions and challenges faced by fishing communities and their impact on their welfare. Therefore, this research makes a valuable contribution in understanding the lives of fishermen in coastal Indonesia.

Koperasi Indonesia dan Permasalahannya

The This article explores the challenges faced by cooperatives in Indonesia, focusing on human resources, capital, member awareness, societal perceptions, and competition. Despite significant growth, only 9.2% of the population are cooperative members, with a minimal contribution to the GDP and employment rate. The study aims to identify reasons hindering cooperative competitiveness and growth. Solutions include improving member training, capital management, transparency, and countering negative perceptions. Digital transformation can address competition from microfinance institutions and online platforms. Understanding these challenges will aid in developing effective strategies to strengthen cooperatives' role in Indonesia's economy.

Overview of Indonesia's Role in the South China Sea Conflict

This Study aims to determine the process of resolving the south China Sea conflict by the Indonesian government, which until now has not been resolved due to overlapping claims between China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei Darussalam and Taiwan. The South China Sea conflict is heating up, causing concern and threats in the Asian region. Because the South China Sea is an international route, where the South China Sea is used a shortcut by countries in the world. Because the South China Sea is used as a shortcuts Asia, Europe and the South China Sea has a very important position for the world economy. If there is a conflict in the South China Sea it will greatly hamper the world economy. The data collection technique for this research is library research, in which the data is obtained from secondary data such as books, journals, news and so on that are related to the research being studied. This research refers more to the resolution of the South China Sea conflict by the Indonesian government.

G-20 SUMMIT 2022 LESSON LEARNED: THE DEFENSE DIPLOMACY LENSES

As the president of G-20 in 2022, Indonesia held the Summit of 19 countries plus one region, representing 80% of the world's GDP, 75% of global exports, and 60% of the global population. Indonesia's interests in G-20 Bali were on strategic and direct appeal. The strategic benefits were (a) taking G 20 as a strategic forum to discuss global issues: global health, financial stability, and climate change, (b) showcasing Indonesia's economic recovery efforts during the Covid-19 pandemic, and (c) showcasing Indonesia's role as a meeting leader that will support the formation of global policies. The immediate benefits were (a) an increase in foreign exchange from delegation visits to Indonesia, (b) a revival of the hospitality sector, (c) support for the increase in domestic consumption, (d) optimising the role of MSMEs, and (e) increase employment absorption. Using the defence diplomacy lens instrument, the research found that the Summit has reached a profound performance, as the total commission is reaching 3,89 from 4.00. The economic interest of the nation has been delivered at the score of 3.66, which means the level of defence diplomacy has almost reached the 4th level –the regulator—which puts Indonesia as a very high-impact country. The political interest was delivered at the score of 2.00, which means the performance level was facilitator, the ow impact country. The general interest was shown at a 3.00 score, which means the negotiator, which means that Indonesia might have been a high-impact country.

Pentingnya Menjadi Pemilih Cerdas Menuju Pemilu Berkualitas dan Berintegritas Pada Pemilu 2024

Elections are indicators or benchmarks in a democratic country. The means of sovereignty are realized in the form of citizens' voting rights, a general election that is based on direct, general, free, secret, honest and fair purposes to elect leaders who will continue the previous leadership relay with the aim of continuing, managing government administration and serving all levels of society. Voters have a big role in Indonesia's leadership in the upcoming 2024 election. If the wrong leader is chosen, it can result in the destruction of the nation and state. The method used in this socialization activity is as follows: (1) the lecture method is used to explain material related to "the importance of being an intelligent voter in realizing quality and integrity elections in the 2024 election. (2) the discussion method is used to deepen the discussion material with questions and answers delivered to socialization participants. (3) the method of pre-test and post-test questions to determine the increase in participants' understanding before and after socialization. This socialization activity was located in the UBR 31 classroom, the government science study program, the faculty of social sciences and political science. The result of this socialization activity is that students as socialization participants are more aware of the importance of being smart voters to realize elections of quality and integrity in the 2024 elections.

The Role Of Indonesia's Defense Diplomacy In Supporting Cooperation With China To Overcome Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic left many nations in a dilemma to protect their respective countries. Indonesia carried out diplomacy with various countries that had the capability to help Indonesia overcome the pandemic through various diplomatic channels, one of which was China, even though it closed itself at the start of the pandemic. The involvement of military in carrying out the action shows the role of defense diplomacy in the cooperation between Indonesia and China to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic. The problem being studied is the role of Indonesia's defense diplomacy in supporting Indonesia-China cooperation in overcoming the pandemic; along with the contributing and inhibiting factors in the cooperation. The aim of the research is to analyze the role of Indonesian defense diplomacy in Indonesia-China cooperation along with the contributing and inhibiting factors in this cooperation. The research method used is qualitative method. Primary data was obtained through individual interviews and secondary data through library research. The results revealed that Indonesia's defense diplomacy played a role in supporting the activities of the Ministry of Health, and supporting the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The contributing factors are China's help during the pandemic and military utilization in pandemic relief. The inhibiting factors are the prevalence of misinformation, the lack of preparedness in dealing with health threats, and the facilities, personnel and communication that are not yet optimal.

Achieving New Exsport Brand Equity through Improvement of Social Media Marketing Effort (SMME) to Increase Sales

The creative industry in Indonesia is currently in the spotlight because it contributes significant value to the economy in Indonesia. Therefore, bags brand also plays an increasingly important role in Indonesia’s manufacturing sector and bags industry is one of creative economy in Indonesia. But, fashion industry need more than just only good quality product or good design product, to compete in nowadays, a brand must develop their customer relationship followed by the brand perception. Developing a dynamic and competitive business world demands the company to changes the orientation to the way they create the product, maintain its products, attract customers, and handle competitors. A deep understanding of how product information of a brand competes in the minds of consumers in the intense market competition is very crucial. This research will be used to create a marketing plan for the Exsport bags brand. The study utilized to produce the alternative approach is based on observations of the brand’s internal and external analysis. The qualitative technique, and TOWS analysis are used in the strategy analysis. The qualitative method is used to assess existing market knowledge, which will lead to the identification of new brand value after rebranding, where TOWS analysis will define numerous potential strategies based on external and internal brand analysis. The strategy developed by this research focus on developing a new online media strategy to showcase Exsport’s new value, as well as the relevant strategy used by the firm to compete in the future market.

Pursuing Long-Term Business Performance: Investigating the Effects of Financial and Technological Factors on Digital Adoption to Leverage SME Performance and Business Sustainability—Evidence from Indonesian SMEs in the Traditional Market

The traditional market holds a pivotal role in Indonesia’s economy because it is the main contributor to national retail grocery transactions. Nevertheless, competition with modern markets and retailers makes their competitiveness lessened. From the financial side, traditional market SMEs are vulnerable to financial risks and still face obstacles in accessing financial resources due to a lack of financial literacy. In addition, the level of digitalization of traditional market SMEs technology is also still low, so digital adoption is still a challenge that must be faced. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the influence of financial and technological factors on the level of adoption of SME technology in traditional markets and its impact on the performance and sustainability of the SME business. This research will be conducted in a quantitative cross-sectional study of 225 SMEs in the traditional market. The sampling technique that will be used is judgmental sampling. This study’s research data will be analyzed using SEM-PLS. The study result shows that financial literacy positively affects SME financial accessibility and financial risk. The study also confirms that financial accessibility, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence are variables that significantly affect SMEs digital adoption, while the effect of financial risk on digital adoption is found to be insignificant. The study result also shows that SMEs digital adoption is positively affecting their performance, which eventually affects their business sustainability.

The Concept ff Handling Overcapacity in Prison Through A Restorative Justice Approach to Drug Abusers

The implementation of the coaching carried out by Prison for the inmates often becomes not optimal due to the complexity of the problems that occur within Prison. One of the root causes of issues at Prison is overcapacity. This paper then tries to see by analyzing the nature of narcotics crime as a particular crime and Indonesia's role in overcoming narcotics crime. Then also visit and explore the implications of overcapacity in Prison and concepts that can be applied to prevent overcapacity in Prison. The research method used in this paper is a normative juridical research method, with the data source used being secondary data obtained through library research. The study results indicate that narcotics crime as a particular crime is transnational and involves international crime organizations. Indonesia's role in overcoming narcotics crime can be seen from the regulation in Law Number 35 of 2009. In this regulation, sellers and dealers are given a high penalty, even death. Sentences should not be given to those who are called victims or addicts. The implications of overcapacity in Prison can result in non-optimal coaching due to the complexity of the problems that occur in Prison. Overcapacity is one of the root causes of issues at Prison. For this reason, it is necessary to apply a concept to prevent overcapacity from occurring in Prison by providing rehabilitation as a form of using restorative justice.

The Role of Political Parties in the Implementation of Democratic General Elections in the Indonesian State Administration System

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the role of political parties in the organization of democratic general elections, in the context of the Indonesian constitutional system. Theoretical framework: Democratic elections are one of the fundamental pillars of the Indonesian political system, based on democratic principles. In this context, political parties play a decisive role in influencing and shaping the general election process, as well as in providing a forum for citizen political participation. Method: This research will use a qualitative approach, with a descriptive analysis and a literature analysis. The results of the study show that democratic elections can be demonstrated in at least 3 things, i.e. whether human rights are recognized, protected and promoted, the loyal capacity of electoral participants. Results and Conclusions: According to the study, democratic elections in Indonesia require an active role of political parties as representatives of the interests of the people. Political parties must be able to articulate the wishes and needs of citizens and to formulate programmes and policies that reflect citizens' values and expectations. In addition, political parties must ensure that the process of electing candidates is highly transparent and accountable. Research Implications: According to the conclusions of this study, political parties play an important role in Indonesia in ensuring the consedeo of democratic elections. Representing the interests of the people, participating in fair elections. Originality/value: Writing quality candidates and leadership candidates, and mobilizing the public to actively participate in elections are part of the responsibilities of political parties.

The Influence Micorhyza Arbuscular Indigenous to Growth Pepper Plant (Pipper nigrum L.)

Pepper is a plantation commodity that belongs to the spice category and has an important role in Indonesia's economic growth. Southeast Sulawesi is one of the centers for the development of pepper plants, especially in the South Konawe area. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of indigenous mycorrhizae on the growth of pepper plants which were carried out in Sindangkasih Village, West Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency. Analysis of dry weight and infection of indigenous mycorrhizae on the roots of pepper plants was carried out at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Haluoleo Kendari. Data analysis in this study used a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, so there were 12 trials. The treatment consisted of 4 levels, namely without mycorrhizae (A0), 10 grams of mycorrhizae (A1), 15 grams of mycorrhizae (A2) and 20 grams of mycorrhizae (A3). The results showed that the application of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae had an effect on the growth parameters of pepper plants in the form of plant height, number of leaves and number of tendrils, where A3 produced higher plant height, number of leaves and number of tendrils and was significantly different from other treatments. Treatment A2 was not significantly different from treatment A1 but significantly different from treatment A0 (without mycorrhiza). Mycorrhizal inoculation of 20 grams/polybag can cause root infection of pepper plants to increase by 80.00%.

The Role of Indonesia’s Islamic Philanthropic Institutions in Poverty Alleviation During the Covid 19 Pandemic 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on both health and the economy. One of the impacts is the increase in poverty in Indonesia where lot of people struggle for their daily needs. As one of the countries with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has a number of philanthropic institutions to enhance the welfare of society, one of which is BAZNAS. Through BAZNAS, it is hoped that cooperation with the government, the community, and other zakat management bodies to manage zakat nationally, to alleviate poverty and to improve people's welfare can be implemented. This is a qualitative research with a case study type. A case study research describes the current state of the research object based on facts and sober data. Zakat management is carried out according to their duties and responsibilities as stipulated in Zakat Management Law No. 23 of 2011. BAZNAS' efforts in eradicating poverty through zakat have been considered successful. Poverty alleviation carried out by BAZNAS RI contributed to 17.77% to the poverty alleviation of the national zakat program. In addition, this result contributes 0.31% to national poverty alleviation based on BPS.

Indonesian Legal Compliance with International Human Rights Law on Female Genital Mutilation

The absence of a law that strictly prohibits female genital mutilation in Indonesia has increased the number of women and girls victimized by this practice. While some communities may justify female genital mutilation as a religious practice, there is no religious justification for this, and neither is Islam, the dominant religion in Indonesia. The United Nations has defined female genital mutilation as a harmful practice that can cause physical and psychological harm to women and girls. Moreover, it is also closely linked with violations of the right to freedom of religion or belief. This qualitative research uses a normative approach by analyzing Indonesian laws related to female genital mutilation and its compatibility with international human rights legal obligations. This research describes Indonesia's role in preventing, addressing, and protecting women and girls who have undergone female genital mutilation. The results show that Indonesian laws on female genital mutilation do not comply with international human rights laws, which prohibit all types of female genital mutilation practices. This research suggests that the Indonesian government should take all measures to eliminate the practice of female genital mutilation through legal action, creating binding and gender-perspective regulations and policies. Eliminating female genital mutilation will contribute to achieving gender equality and women's empowerment in Indonesia, as the country's commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals.

“Profplan”: Konsep Aplikasi Perencanaan Laba Metode Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Sebagai Peningkatan Profitability UMKM Di Indonesia

This research aims to develop a conceptual design for a profit planning application using Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). MSMEs play a crucial role in Indonesia's economic growth, but they still face funding issues and a lack of guidance in financial planning and management. Therefore, optimizing profit generation becomes essential in strengthening the contribution of MSMEs to the economy. Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is chosen as an effective profit planning method as it connects production costs, production volume, and profit. In this study, the author proposes the design concept of an application called "Profplan" specifically tailored to assist MSMEs in maximizing business profitability. This application will provide educational features such as short videos explaining fundamental accounting concepts related to manufacturing MSMEs. Furthermore, the application includes cost calculation and pricing determination features. The cost calculation feature helps users identify fixed and variable costs associated with production. Users can fill in a digital form with the costs incurred for production and obtain accurate production cost reports. The pricing determination feature utilizes the cost-plus pricing method with a full costing approach. Users can input their desired profit margin, and the application will recommend a selling price based on the production costs and the specified profit margin. The development of this application involves the collaboration of programmers and application developers. The steps include system design, application programming, usability testing, and patent registration before its official launch on the PlayStore and AppStore. With the "Profplan" application, MSMEs are expected to engage in profit planning more easily and effectively. This user-friendly approach will assist MSMEs in improving business profitability and contributing to Indonesia's economy.

Indonesia's State Policy in Resolving International Trade Barriers

This journal article aims to review and analyze the policies that have been taken by the Indonesian government in resolving international trade barriers. We will look at how the policy is implemented, its impact on the Indonesian economy, as well as the challenges faced in the implementation process. This research uses qualitative methods with a library research approach. The qualitative method was chosen because this study aims to examine Indonesia's state policy in resolving international trade barriers thoroughly and in depth. Through this method, researchers can collect and analyze relevant secondary data from a variety of available sources, such as journal articles, books, official government documents, and international organization reports related to trade. The results of this study conclude that Indonesia's role in international trade disputes is very important in protecting national economic interests and encouraging dialogue and cooperation with its trading partner countries. Through participation in WTO mechanisms, bilateral diplomacy, and its role as a mediator, Indonesia seeks to resolve trade disputes in a manner that is fair and beneficial to all parties involved.

Path analysis of COVID-19 vaccine adherence among adolescents across Indonesia, in the Maluku-Papua Islands (Eastern Indonesia), and on Java Island

BackgroundCOVID-19 incidence in Indonesia was high among adolescents, but vaccine acceptance remains low. The unequal geographical distribution of the health workforce and health facilities in Indonesia, including a lower number of health workers and facilities in Maluku-Papua, resulted in a low rate of vaccine acceptance. Knowledge, attitude, belief in the vaccine, comorbidity, congenital status are related to vaccine adherence, but mediation analysis of factors remains lacking. We aimed to analyze path analysis of knowledge, congenital, comorbidity, belief, and attitude to COVID-19 vaccine adherence among adolescents in Indonesia, Maluku-Papua Island, and Java Island. MethodA nationwide cross-sectional study was undertaken among 7604 adolescents. A path analysis to investigate mediating effects between variables combined with bootstrapping was utilized to determine statistical significance. ResultKnowledge, congenital status, comorbidity, belief, and attitude were significantly positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine adherence among adolescents in Maluku-Papua Island (p < 0.01; n = 4761), Java Island (p < 0.01; n = 1573), and Indonesia (p < 0.05; n = 7604). Congenital status, belief, and attitude negatively mediated the relationship between knowledge of and adherence to COVID-19 vaccine (p < 0.01) in Indonesia and among the subgroup on Maluku-Papua Island (p < 0.01), but a positive mediation (p = 0.04) in our subgroup analysis of Java Island. Comorbidity status, belief, and attitude negatively mediated relationship between knowledge and adherence to COVID-19 vaccine in Indonesia (p ≤0.01) and Maluku-Papua (p = 0.00), but no mediation role was found in Java Island (p = 0.58). ConclusionComorbidity, congenital illness status, belief in and attitude to COVID-19 vaccine negatively mediated the relationship between knowledge of and adherence to COVID-19 vaccine among adolescents in Indonesia and our sub-group on Maluku-Papua Island but not on Java Island. Practical implicationMassive improvement in healthcare facility equality plays an important role in Indonesia gaining COVID-19 vaccine adherence.

The Effect Of Product Innovation, And Process Innovation On Competitive Advantages And Marketing Performance Of Snack Products

Small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in Indonesia's economic growth by increasing income or employment opportunities. MSMEs contribute significantly to Indonesia's economic growth by creating jobs that produce goods and services that society needs. Every MSMEs must be able to survive and continue to grow, along with the increasing number of MSMEs every year with increasingly fierce competition. However, because MSMEs have a short product life cycle and are heavily influenced by consumer preferences. Innovation is one of the most effective strategies to maintain business and increase competitiveness. On the other hand, developing a new product is difficult because it is expensive and requires the product to have a competitive advantage over competing products. Making it difficult for MSMEs to do so because of limited capital. This is not only a problem for MSMEs in Indonesia, including Jember. This condition encourages the Government of Jember Regency to continue to strive to improve MSMEs through various activities or events that involve MSME business actors in snack products so they can market their products and improve their branding. This will certainly encourage the competitiveness and innovation of MSME snack product business actors, so that their products are unique and superior compared to their competitors. Therefore, MSME snack business actors need to optimize product innovation and process innovation to increase competitive advantage and marketing performance. Based on these phenomena and problems, the development of MSME food products in Sumbersari District, Kaliwates District, and Patrang District as central areas are opportunities to increase income and create jobs in the Jember Regency area. This study uses an associative research method with a questionnaire as a data collection instrument which is then distributed to MSME owners of snack products as respondents. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of product innovation and process innovation on the competitive advantage and marketing performance of MSME snack products in the Jember Regency.

Indonesia's Role in Preventing Transnational Cyber Pornography of Children in the Southeast Asian Region Viewed From a Political Law Approach

Indonesia, which is a member of the Southeast Asian region called the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), must have a duty and role to prevent Cyber Pornography of children in the Southeast Asian region. In this research, a normative juridical research method is used with a political law study approach. Indonesia's role in preventing Transnational Cyber Pornography of Children in the Southeast Asian Region Viewed from the Political Approach of Law is by ratifying the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography into Law Number 10 of 2012, then Indonesia also became a country that followed The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women and against Children, which was approved in 2013 which aims to encourage regional cooperation in supporting national level actions in ending violence against children, especially the crime of Cyber Pornography in ASEAN. Indonesia also followed the follow-up of The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women and against Children in 2013, namely the ASEAN National Action Plan on the Elimination of Violence against Children 2016-2025, held a 2012 Conference through ECPAT Indonesia's Agency on child protection attended by ASEAN countries. Indonesia was also represented by the Indonesian Child Protection Commission and ECPAT attended the German Southeast Asian Center of Excellence for Public Policy and Good Governance (CPG) Conference located at the Faculty of Law, Thammasat University in Thailand, the purpose of this conference was to address the problem of child pornography and the conclusion of this conference required cross-country and cross-regional cooperation in combating child pornography. Suggestions that can be given are revamping the rules (making special international treaties) and the need for cross- border child pornography crimes to be designated as serious and extraditable crimes.

THE COUNTER RADICALISM AND INTOLERANCE STRATEGY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA

This study aims to investigate the role of Nahdlatul Ulama Higher Education (PTNU) in Purworejo, Central Java, in relation to counter-extremism and intolerance in Indonesia. This is a qualitative study that focuses on narrative analysis. The data is gathered from various documents and news articles. The data is analyzed using Ernest Gellner's idea of civil society. The results show that PTNU has a significant role in Indonesia’s religious moderation movement through two main strategies. First, the institution's policies, which are aligned with national principles, serve to strengthen moderate ideologies. Second, as part of its tri-dharma commitment, PTNU integrates scientific, Islamic, and Indonesian principles into its curriculum and activities. Thus, this strategy integrates religious moderation systematically, with broad ramifications for academia and society. PTNU is known for combining academic excellence with holistic ideals, making it a center for religious moderation amid Indonesia's multifaceted extremism and intolerance. This study provides new insights on PTNU's role in the religious moderation movement and could inform both domestic and worldwide actions.

Fintech Lending Business Ethics in Indonesia: A Case Study of Shopee Pinjam (SPinjam)

Fintech lending plays significant role in Indonesia as a developing country where the need for loan funds is very high. Although the reason for the significant growth of fintech lending in Indonesia is motivated by the consumerist nature of the Indonesian people in the use of loan funds, the presence of fintech lending has also become a solution in the ease of obtaining loan funds. In Indonesia, fintech lending services are not only available on fintech lending platforms, but are also available on e-commerce. This study aims to examine the practice of business ethics in fintech lending services provided by Shopee's collaboration with Lentera Dana Nusantara (LDN), namely SPinjam. This study uses a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach. The collection of data in this study comes from primary and secondary data sources. In this study, interview results from informants were processed using MAXQDA Standard software to interpret the results systematically. For the sake of the validity of the research results, this study also involved a triangulation approach to check the correctness of the data from information obtained from primary and secondary sources. Even though the results of this study show a tendency for good business ethics from SPinjam, there are still findings indicating that the regulations in SPinjam are not transparent, especially regarding information about the amount of interest charged to users.