Foundational Role Research Articles

Perception and Attitude towards Disaster Preparedness among Library Professionals in University of Kerala and University of Calicut: An Investigative Study

Libraries stand as crucial pillars in moulding the future generations of society, playing a foundational role in the socioeconomic development of nations. Recognizing their significance, it becomes imperative to safeguard libraries for the prosperity of the upcoming generations. Central to this responsibility is the need for libraries to be well-equipped and prepared to face potential disasters. The article delves into the study of the perception and attitude of library professionals towards disaster preparedness at the University of Kerala and the University of Calicut. The objectives encompass assessing librarians’ perception levels, examining current disaster precautions, studying awareness about disaster management authorities, evaluating awareness of rules and laws, and determining the existence of structured training programs. To gather relevant literature, diverse resources such as Google Scholar, Emerald, ProQuest, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, conference proceedings, dissertations and theses in Library and Information Science were consulted. The study utilised a closed-ended structured questionnaire aligned with the defined objectives to collect data. The gathered data underwent tabulation and analysis using Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS version 21. The findings of the study revealed that library professionals possess an awareness of disasters and the necessity for preparedness, yet there seems to be a gap in translating this knowledge into practical implementation. The conclusion drawn is a call to action, emphasising the need for libraries to execute disaster awareness and training programs for both staff and users. In a world where natural calamities and unforeseen events pose a constant threat, understanding how library professionals perceive and approach disaster preparedness becomes paramount. As custodians of academic treasures, their perspectives shape the resilience of these institutions against potential disruptions. The study, therefore, serves as a critical exploration into the preparedness landscape, providing insights that extend beyond the immediate scope of libraries to contribute to the broader discourse on disaster management in academic settings.

How the elastase-induced rabbit aneurysm heals following flow diverter treatment: a histopathological study.

Fibrin deposition is integral to thrombus formation and wound healing. The role of fibrin deposition and subsequent metabolism following flow diversion for aneurysm treatment remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the role of fibrin in early thrombus organization after flow diverter treatment. Thirty-five elastase-induced aneurysms were induced in New Zealand white rabbits and subjected to endoluminal flow diversion treatment. The device-bearing arteries were harvested at 1, 3, and 6 months postimplantation and processed for histopathological examination, including a modified picro-Mallory stain (Carstairs method) to visualize fibrin and platelets, immunohistochemical targeting of smooth muscle actin (SMA), and H&E staining for conventional morphological evaluation. Quantitative analysis of tissue components was carried out using the Orbit Image Analysis software. The samples were also assessed qualitatively to investigate the morphology and location of fibrin and other thrombus components within the intra-aneurysmal thrombi. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.1. Fibrin constituted 27.9% of the thrombus tissue within the aneurysm sac for aneurysms harvested at 1 month, and this rate was significantly lower in the 3-month group (10.2%, p = 0.018). The proportion of blood cells within the sac was also notably higher in the 1-month group compared with other time points. The primary tissue filling the dome at 1 month (14/15, 93%) was an unorganized thrombus primarily composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. Conversely, aneurysms harvested at 1 month had the lowest collagen level (25.6%). However, collagen became the dominant tissue component within the aneurysm sac, accounting for 71.8% of tissue in the 3-month group (p = 0.007). There were no differences observed among the examined components between the 3-month and 6-month groups. On qualitative analysis, collagen-producing SMA-positive myofibroblasts were located near or in between fibrin molecules. Healed aneurysms exhibited myofibroblasts, collagen, and a well-organized fibrin network on the aneurysm neck. In contrast, unhealed aneurysms displayed a poorly organized fibrin network with scattered myofibroblasts at the neck area. These findings indicate that fibrin plays a foundational role in the gradual occlusion of aneurysms after flow diverter treatment. Endovascular approaches that enhance fibrin accumulation could potentially improve aneurysm occlusion rates. Further research is needed to establish the precise role of fibrin in aneurysm occlusion.

The Impact of Language Proficiency on Academic Performance in International Programs: Insights for Educational Managers

In the context of globalization, linguistic proficiency significantly impacts the academic performance of international projects. This study focuses on how linguistic capabilities shape the academic outcomes of international projects and the implications for educational administrators. By analyzing multiple cases of transnational educational projects, this research reveals that not only does linguistic skill play a foundational role in academic communication, but it is also a critical factor in driving project success. Findings indicate that strong linguistic abilities can significantly enhance the communication efficiency of academic teams, reduce misunderstandings and conflicts, and thereby improve the overall project effectiveness and academic quality. Based on these findings, this paper proposes targeted management strategies, recommending that educational administrators strengthen language training and cultural adaptability education when designing and implementing international collaborative projects. Moreover, this study emphasizes the importance of establishing multilingual support systems to better serve diverse academic teams. Ultimately, these strategies aim to help educational administrators optimize resource allocation, enhance the academic output, and increase the international impact of their projects. Through an in-depth analysis of the correlation between linguistic capabilities and the success of international projects, this study provides practical insights for educational managers to make more informed decisions in a global educational environment. Additionally, this research offers new perspectives and a foundational basis for future studies at the intersection of language and education.

Space System Internetworking: The Foundational Role of Delay and Disruption-Tolerant Networking

Space System Internetworking: The Foundational Role of Delay and Disruption-Tolerant Networking

The translation of childhood trauma—Taking the English and Chinese translation of Michikusa as an example

Michikusa (1915) is an autobiographical novel penned by the renowned Japanese writer, Natsume Sōseki. Researchers typically employ it to probe the intricate interplay between the author/protagonist's evolution and the historical milieu of Meiji-era Japan. Scholars such as Chiaki Ishihara have advocated for a new avenue of inquiry, advocating the application of psychoanalytic perspectives in exploring Natsume Sōseki's corpus. Surprisingly, this direction remains relatively uncharted, with the scholarly realm notably lacking discussions on its Chinese and English translations through the lens of literary criticism. This article undertakes an in-depth investigation into the translation of Michikusa's portrayal of childhood trauma into English and Chinese, facilitated by the construction of a comprehensive trilingual corpus. Employing a psychoanalytic framework for interpretation, it discerns that the childhood scenes play a foundational role in shaping the protagonist's post-traumatic personality facets, significantly influencing his relationships with his immediate and extended family. The findings underscore a critical gap: despite the pivotal nature of childhood trauma scenes, the conflict, sorrow, and torment within the source texts are often inadequately conveyed. Translations frequently involve undue omissions, adaptations, or distortions, thereby potentially obstructing the target audience's accurate comprehension and interpretation. Furthermore, this study establishes that a nuanced understanding of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) studies equips translators to convey trauma with greater fidelity. This contribution to literary criticism holds promise for enhancing existing translations, providing a nuanced perspective on the significance of accurately representing trauma in literary works.

Empowering Learning: A Review of Online Programming Tools and their Evolving Landscape

Abstract: The emergence of online programming tools has significantly impacted computer programming education. This review paper delves into the current research landscape surrounding these tools, analyzing their influence on learning outcomes, collaboration, and the potential of AI-powered personalized learning. The review explores the foundational role of online compilers and collaborative environments. It then examines recent advancements in AI, including adaptive coding tutors and AIpowered code completion.

OPERATION OF PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY IN GAS ENGINE COMPRESSORS

Gas engine compressors are indispensable components in a wide array of industrial processes, serving to compress gases for various applications such as power generation, manufacturing, and refrigeration. The efficient operation of these compressors is contingent upon the meticulous orchestration of their internal mechanisms, with the cylinder piston assembly standing as a pivotal nexus of functionality. Comprising a dynamic interplay of precision-engineered components—including the cylinder, piston, piston rings, and connecting rod-the assembly plays a foundational role in facilitating the compression process with reliability and efficacy. This article embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the vital elements constituting the cylinder piston assembly, aiming to unravel the intricate nuances of its design, operation, and optimization. By delving into the nuanced functionalities and structural intricacies of each component, this study endeavors to offer a nuanced understanding of the assembly's significance within the broader context of gas engine compressor technology. Furthermore, the article endeavors to dissect the manifold challenges encountered by the cylinder piston assembly during operation, ranging from issues of thermal management to mechanical wear and misalignment. Through a meticulous examination of these challenges, coupled with an analysis of contemporary methodologies and best practices, this study seeks to unearth actionable insights for enhancing the functionality and longevity of gas engine compressors. By distilling complex engineering concepts into practical insights, this article aims to equip industry practitioners, researchers, and stakeholders with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate the complexities of gas engine compressor technology with confidence and proficiency. Keywords: cylinder piston assembly, piston rings, crankshaft, connecting rod, gas.

Analyzing microbial communities and metabolic functions in estuaries affected by human activity to uncover bioelectrochemical system potential

In the context of bioelectrochemical systems (BES), a profound understanding of the taxonomic composition within indigenous microbial communities is crucial. Their metabolic versatility assumes a foundational role in dictating the functionality of BES, yielding diverse applications for bioenergy production and bioremediation in anthropogenically impacted estuaries. Employing high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA and predictive metagenomic analyses of three different estuaries samples (eutrophicated urban reservoir, mud volcano impacted river, and its river mouth), this study delves into the intricate interplay between these communities and their metabolic functions in response to human-induced perturbations, with a specific focus on their applicability to BES. Our findings illuminate remarkable distinctions among the three samples, manifesting in variations in microbial composition and functional metabolic pathways within the respective ecosystems. The mud volcano-affected river, characterized by the highest microbial diversity, exhibited the most diverse array of functional metabolic processes, prominently dominated by chemoheterotrophy (67.43%). In contrast, the river mouth displayed a distinct penchant for autotrophy (33.33%). The eutrophicated urban reservoir showcased a balanced coexistence of chemoheterotrophy (41.18%) and autotrophy (35.29%). Regarding metabolic potential for BES application, most of metabolism potential were associated with anodic activity, while cathodic activity was restricted to autotrophy and its relatives. The results suggested that the microbial communities anthropogenically impacted estuaries were potentially used for anodic and cathodic reactions in BES as electrogens to generate bioelectricity and reduce of pollutants.

Reorganization of Effective Geographical Factors on National Power

This research delves into the intricate interplay between geographical factors and national power, elucidating the diverse sources and bases of 'national power' while acknowledging the foundational role of political organizations in state formation. Through a comprehensive examination of literature and scholarly resources, this study identifies and analyzes the elements and sources of national power, particularly emphasizing the influence of geographical factors. Employing a methodology centered on library research, the findings underscore the pivotal role of geography alongside other determinants in shaping national power dynamics. By scrutinizing the impact of geographical features and facilities, the study reveals how countries leverage their natural surroundings to enhance their national and global power status. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between geography and national power, offering insights pertinent to policymakers, scholars, and practitioners, and informing strategies for harnessing and optimizing national power resources in the context of geopolitical dynamics and international relations.

Why does advertising work? exploring the neural mechanism of concreteness and emotional effects of donation advertising slogans

Advertising is methods to encourage donations, and text is one of the most crucial fundamental elements in advertising. Therefore, we chose advertising slogans as the focus of this study. The main goal of this research is to investigate how the emotional and concrete aspects of advertising slogans can impact information processing procedures and neural mechanisms, ultimately influencing advertising effectiveness. We conducted a two-factor experiment with a 2 × 2 design, using the ERPs experimental paradigm. The results reveal that slogans with an emotionally positive appeal outperformed in terms of advertising memory (recognition response time) and audience intention (liking, acting, and sharing). Emotional-negative advertising slogans performed better in eliciting early attention (P1). Concrete advertising slogans excelled in enhancing advertising memory (recognition response time, correct recognition rate), as well as in the later stages of information processing stage (N400 and LPC). Furthermore, abstract advertising slogans performed better in capturing early attention (P2) and influencing action intention. We introduce a framework comprising five distinct phases for individuals to process the advertising slogans and emphasize the foundational role of emotions in individual cognition and the processing of advertising. These findings uncover the underlying mechanism behind the effectiveness of donation advertising and provide valuable insights for the design of philanthropic advertising practices.

The role of the foundation gap on the pounding between low-rise buildings

The pounding between two structures may cause severe damage, as demonstrated during historical seismic events. In particular, the effects of the continuity between the foundations below two structures have been investigated a few times in the past literature. Two different configurations (continue and non-continue foundations) have been investigated herein by considering several low-rise buildings. In order to consider the effects of Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) between the structures, the foundation, and the soil, a deformable soil below the foundations was considered. 3D Numerical simulations have been performed with Opensees by considering the SSI non-linear mechanisms of the complex system: soil-foundation-structure. A parametric study on the dynamic characteristics (fundamental periods) of the two structures was performed in order to assess the mutual effects of the soil and the considered low-rise buildings. It was demonstrated the role of continued foundations, whether for existing or new buildings, on reducing the pounding risk between structures. In particular, the collision between the two foundations may significantly increase the response of the building, depending on its flexibility. Also, the level of stress in the soil depends on the pounding forces causing significant increases in the structural deformations.

A Study on Novice Investor Behavior in Indian Stock Exchange

Investing is not only a personal financial endeavor but also a critical driver of economic growth, shaping individual prosperity and national development. The research is significant because it emphasizes the critical role that financial literacy plays in influencing investment behavior. It also emphasizes the necessity of ongoing education and awareness campaigns to equip new investors with the information and abilities they need to make wise decisions on the Indian Stock Exchange. All things considered, the results provide insightful information that will help investors, financial institutions, and regulators develop policies to support a more knowledgeable, resilient, and inclusive investment environment in India. This study embarks on a journey to explore the intricate dynamics of investment in India, beginning with an exploration of its foundational role as the engine of economic progress. From influencing aggregate demand to shaping future productive capacity, investments yield significant influence over a nation's economic trajectory, fostering financial markets and enabling companies to raise capital for further growth. In addition, the research reveals that participants have a wide variety of investment objectives, with long-term wealth creation being the primary focus. Investment styles are characterized by a trade-off between risk and return, with moderate strategies being the most common, and considerable shares of aggressive and conservative methods. In emerging markets like India, where investor behaviors vary across a diverse spectrum, understanding the impact of different investor types becomes imperative. Delving into the distinct behaviors of individual, institutional, and foreign investors, this analysis sheds light on their contributions to the Indian stock market, unravelling their unique influences and dynamics.

Examining artificial intelligence literacy among pre-service teachers for future classrooms

In the context of global integration and increasing reliance on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, evaluating the AI literacy of pre-service teachers is crucial. As future architects of educational systems, pre-service teachers must not only possess pedagogical expertise but also a strong foundation in AI literacy. This quantitative study examines AI literacy among 529 pre-service teachers in a Nigerian university, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) for comprehensive analysis. The research explores various dimensions of AI literacy, revealing that a profound understanding of AI significantly predicts positive outcomes in AI use, detection, ethics, creation, and problem-solving. However, no correlation exists between AI knowledge and emotion regulation or the assumption that active AI use enhances AI detection capabilities. The study identifies a trade-off between AI application and creation, emphasizing the ethical considerations intertwined with emotional and persuasive facets of AI use. It also supports the link between AI creation and problem-solving, emphasizing the foundational role of AI knowledge in shaping diverse aspects of AI literacy among pre-service teachers. The findings offer valuable insights for educators, administrators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to enhance AI literacy in pre-service teacher education programs.

A review of the frequency-amplitude formula for nonlinear oscillators and its advancements

The frequency-amplitude relationship is pivotal in understanding oscillatory systems, dictating their dynamic behaviors and responses. This paper delves into the intricacies of the frequency amplitude formula, elucidating its foundational role in both linear and nonlinear oscillations. Through comprehensive analysis, we highlight the formula’s significance in predicting system behaviors, especially in environments with varying amplitudes. Our findings underscore the formula’s potential as a robust tool for enhanced system characterization, offering profound implications for diverse applications across scientific and engineering domains. This study delves deep into the formulation of the frequency-amplitude relationship, extending its application beyond the conventional cubic powers of the restoring force. We introduce three novel and equivalent formulations of the generalized frequency amplitude, breaking traditional boundaries by not confining the restoring force to just odd functions. The formula to determine the frequency of the singular oscillator has been set forth. Our approach, characterized by its simplicity, offers a robust tool for analyzing high nonlinearity vibrations, ushering in a richer, multidimensional perspective to vibration analysis.

Почему люди оправдывают насилие: роль мотивационных оснований в поддержке мифов об изнасиловании

<p style="text-align: justify;">The purpose of this study was to examine the role of existential, epistemic, and relational motivational foundations in the enactment of rape myths. The online study empirically tested a model in which motivational foundations were included as predictors, rape myth acceptance as dependent variables, socio-demographic characteristics (gender, education, and income level) - control variables. A total of 739 Russian residents (381 men and 358 women) aged 18 to 79 years (M=36.8, SD=11.5) participated in the online study. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires to measure need for cognitive closure, belief in a dangerous and competitive world, fear of death, shared reality, and acceptance of rape myths. Structural equation modeling showed that the most significant contribution in the support of the rape myth is made by the need for order (epistemic motivational foundations) and belief in a competitive world (existential motivational foundations). The current research shed light on the main motivational foundations of the rape myth acceptance that might be used in the social programs to reduce tolerance towards violence.</p>

Surface Functionality through Periodical Patterning on Carbon Nanotubes

From their foundational role in electronics to their pivotal contributions in the structural domain, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exemplify a revolutionary nanomaterial with broad applications. The chemical inertness of the CNT surface is a primary limitation that restricts the full utilization of CNTs for mass use in several applications. Herein, works performed on the development of surface‐modified CNTs known as periodically patterned structures are focused. Different structures including shish kebab, nanofiber, nanoflower, and cheetah skin CNT have been studied. Periodic patterning on CNTs offers a chance to improve the nanotube's surface properties and roughness, facilitating better interaction with a matrix. Additionally, the fully controllable processing procedure opens significant opportunities for additional modification and attachment of phases onto specific areas of periodically patterned CNTs. The periodic patterning aspect holds promise for the mass production of surface‐modified CNTs, enhancing their surface multifunctionality. This advancement has the potential to cater to a diverse array of applications, offering improved surface functionality in a mass‐production setting.

Symmetry and symmetric transformations in mathematical imaging

The article delves into the intricate relationship between symmetry and mathematical imaging, spanning various mathematical disciplines. Symmetry, a concept deeply ingrained in mathematics, manifests in art, nature, and physics, providing a powerful tool for understanding complex structures. The paper explores three types of symmetriesreflection, rotational, and translationalexemplified through concrete mathematical expressions. Evariste Galoiss Group Theory emerges as a pivotal tool, providing a formal framework to understand and classify symmetric operations, particularly in the roots of polynomial equations. Galois theory, a cornerstone of modern algebra, connects symmetries, permutations, and solvability of equations. Group theory finds practical applications in cryptography, physics, and coding theory. Sophus Lie extends group theory to continuous spaces with Lie Group Theory, offering a powerful framework for studying continuous symmetries. Lie groups find applications in robotics and control theory, streamlining the representation of transformations. Benoit Mandelbrots fractal geometry, introduced in the late 20th century, provides a mathematical framework for understanding complex, self-similar shapes. The applications of fractal geometry range from computer graphics to financial modeling. Symmetrys practical applications extend to data visualization and cryptography. The article concludes by emphasizing symmetrys foundational role in physics, chemistry, computer graphics, and beyond. A deeper understanding of symmetry not only enriches perspectives across scientific disciplines but also fosters interdisciplinary collaborations, unveiling hidden order and structure in the natural and designed world. The exploration of symmetry promises ongoing discoveries at the intersection of mathematics and diverse fields of study.

On Exploring the Topological Aspects of the Chemical Structure of the Nanotube \(HAC_{5}C_{7}[w,t]\)

Graph theory has experienced notable growth due to its foundational role in applied mathematics and computer science, influencing fields like combinatorial optimization, biochemistry, physics, electrical engineering (particularly in communication networks and coding theory), and operational research (with scheduling applications). This paper focuses on computing topological properties, especially in molecular structures, with a specific emphasis on the nanotube \(HAC_{5}C_{7}[w,t]\)

The Evolution of Ethical Standards in Health Research: An Islamic Overview

This review examines the intricate historical route of ethical standards within health research, integrating insights from an Islamic perspective. It meticulously traces pivotal junctures from the genesis of ethical frameworks like the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki to the establishment and evolution of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). Employing content analysis, the paper examines the adaptive nature of ethical guidelines in facing contemporary challenges, including genetic research and emerging technologies, through the lens of Islamic principles. It emphasizes the dynamic interplay between ethics and progress, highlighting the pivotal role of ethical considerations in safeguarding the well-being of research participants and upholding the integrity of scientific endeavours within an Islamic ethical framework. Through this exploration, the study underscores the indispensable role of ethical foundations in steering responsible and socially conscious research practices across multifaceted domains, thereby shaping a more conscientious and accountable landscape in health research, enriched by Islamic perspectives.

Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov and the Russian National Research School of Agrochemistry

The paper emphasizes the pivotal role played by Academician Dmitry Nikolaevich Pryanishnikov in the history of domestic agriculture development. His name is indelibly associated with the introduction of the agriculture chemicalization concept in 1924. Being a follower of such scientists as J.B. Boussingault, D.I. Mendeleev, and K.A. Timiryazev, Dmitry Nikolaevich Pryanishnikov not only proposed the chemicalization principle but also formed a comprehensive research program for its implementation. Moreover, he created necessary educational conditions for specialists and courageously defended his doctrine against the criticism of his opponents in the 1930-1950s. (Research purpose) The paper aims to analyze the scientific heritage and biography of Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov in the context of the domestic agriculture chemicalization. (Materials and methods) The analysis relies on scrutinizing scientific monographs, legal documents, and other publications utilizing biographical, chronological, genetic and typological methods of historical and scientific research. ( ) The findings show that Pryanishnikov’s significance in the history of science stems from both his personal research achievements and his foundational role in establishing the domestic tradition of agrochemistry. This influence was evident in his organizational and pedagogical performance. The study identifies two distinct generations of direct students and followers of this eminent agricultural chemist. (Conclusions) Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov elevated agrochemistry in our country to a systematic discipline, rightfully earning recognition as the founder of the national scientific school. Contemporary researchers, who maintain academic and ideological continuity with him, persist in advancing scientific efforts to support the chemicalization of agriculture. In doing so, they make significant contributions to the nation’s food security and enhance fundamental knowledge about living organisms.