Areas Of Road Network Research Articles

Risk and vulnerability analysis of road network in landslide prone areas in Munnar region, India

Catastrophes like landslides have the potential to impair critical transportation infrastructure, particularly road networks. The hilly regions in the state of Kerala in India are particularly prone to hazards and changing climate conditions. During the monsoon season, landslides are common in the Western Ghats, and the intensity of adverse impacts is more severe due to its densely populated regions. The study area of this research is in Idukki district of Kerala, where over 60 % of the land is prone to landslides. The monsoon rains bring with them a slew of disastrous landslides in the region. Most of the roadways in the study area are often disrupted due to landslides. Landslide risk assessment (LRA) is a crucial component of research on adverse impacts of landslide. The use of Geographical information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) for susceptibility mapping and hazard risk assessment assists in the identification of disaster-prone areas. The data collected by field surveys were used to confirm the study results and the high-risk zones of the region were identified and the risk maps are prepared for the region as well as for the road network in the region. The risk of landslides may be described as the possibility of negative repercussions on road network thereby adversely impacting the inhabitants of the region. The landslide risk assessment of the road network in a hilly region is carried out which gives important insights for risk management and for future planning of resilient development in the region. This study enhances the knowledge for management of road network risk and vulnerabilities in intricate hilly region settings by developing a thorough vulnerability analysis framework. The research advances by giving transportation engineers a useful quantitative tool for identifying the risk and vulnerabilities of road network and directing design strategies and mitigation measures to lessen the possible negative effects of disruptive events like landslides on road infrastructure. The research findings could be an input for policy makers to plan for alternative resilient strategies for landslide risk management in road networks. The rational methodology adopted here could be replicated for carrying out risk and vulnerability assessment in other landslide prone areas.

Multi-objective Optimization-Based Algorithm for Selecting the Optimal Path of Rural Multi-temperature Zone Cold Chain Dynamic Logistics Intermodal Transportation

The road network in rural areas is complex and the infrastructure is relatively backward. The multi-temperature zone cold chain logistics involves agricultural products with different temperature requirements, which requires considering the transportation cost, carbon emission cost, refrigeration cost, and time cost of different temperature zones during path planning, thereby increasing the difficulty of path planning. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization-based algorithm for selecting the optimal path of rural multi-temperature zone cold chain dynamic logistics intermodal transportation is proposed. Based on the analysis of the multi-temperature cold chain collection and distribution model based on multimodal transportation, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed. This model aims to minimize transportation costs, carbon emission costs, refrigeration costs, time costs, and maximize logistics quality, while satisfying constraints such as transfer schedule times, the number of transport mode conversions, transport mode selection, and time continuity. To solve this model, an improved NSGA-II algorithm is adopted, which combines an improved mutation operator, congestion distance calculation, and the C-W saving algorithm to achieve the optimal transport path solution. Additionally, ArcGIS software is used to implement the shortest path planning based on real road networks. The experimental results show that by selecting the road-rail combined transport mode and adopting the D1–D6–D10 transport path, it is possible to transport fresh agricultural products from location A to the distribution center at location B, with the lowest Pareto fitness value. Furthermore, the algorithm's effectiveness is further verified by completing the end-of-life fresh agricultural product distribution task with four multi-temperature refrigerated vehicles. The study also finds that extending or shortening the latest service time window for customers, although it leads to a decrease or increase in the optimal value of the algorithm's objective function, has little impact on the average distribution time and transport vehicles. These findings provide new theoretical and practical guidance for the path selection of multimodal transportation in multi-temperature cold chain logistics, with significant theoretical and application value.

Study of the Sustainability of a Forest Road Network Using GIS-MCE

An environmentally friendly and economically efficient forest road network is the key to sustainable forest management, and it is essential to evaluate the sustainability of an established forest road network and to optimize the forest road network based on sustainability criteria. This study proposes a sustainability evaluation method for forest road networks. The evaluation index system was constructed by selecting 12 indices from the social, economic, and ecological dimensions. To improve the credibility of the weighting of the evaluation indicators, the evaluation indicators were assigned subjective and objective weights by the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method, respectively, and the game theory idea was used to comprehensively assign the weights. The study area was chosen to be the Taohuajiang State-Owned Forest Farm, which is a national forest park and is also an ecological public welfare forest. The development of the forest road network in the social, economic, and environmental dimensions was calculated by adopting the evaluation method proposed in this study, and the sustainability of the forest road network in each subdivision of the study area was determined, to provide a detailed theoretical basis for the management to carry out the upgrading of the sustainability of the forest road network. The results derived from the evaluation methodology show that the sustainable development of the forest road network in the study area is “excellent”. At the same time, the level of sustainability of the forest road network in different areas of the study area was also evaluated. Finally, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for optimizing the sustainable development of forest road networks. The original sustainability evaluation method in this paper provides a scientific tool for assessing the degree of sustainable development of forest road networks, which contributes to optimizing the forest road networks.

SPATIAL MAPPING OF TRAVEL INFORMATION AND ASSESSMENT OF ROAD CONNECTIVITY

Abstract. Roads play a crucial role in the urban spatial structure. A place's development and growth depend on the road network connectivity and accessibility being the socio-economic and transportation carrier. It involves the mobility of people and goods from one place to another. The choice of mode of travel depends on the living standards, connectivity, and vicinity to the work area. The study uses satellite data to analyze road network connectivity using the connectivity indices of Mangalore City Corporation, a port city in India. The connectivity indices alpha, beta, gamma, and eta showed the Area's good connectivity with proper roads and interconnectivity. Using Dijkstra's algorithm, the least cost path is identified on which the spatial mapping of the travel information is made. The travel information raster served the commuter in knowing the time, distance, and cost of modes from all possible origins to each city center. Specifically, it serves as the base map for bus routes, their cost, and travel time for significant city bus stations. The cost of travel, Duration, and distance information is mapped for two-wheeler and four-wheeler commuters. The study used the Modis Land Use Land Cover Data to identify inaccessible road network areas.

Optimization of Urban Road Green Belts under the Background of Carbon Peak Policy

To explore the reasonable width of urban road green belts under the background of carbon peak policy and provide quantitative design guidance for urban green-belt planning, a closed-loop design that integrates urban traffic, carbon emissions, urban greening, and carbon absorption was established at the road network level. First, the factors affecting urban transport carbon emissions were analyzed from the aspects of environment, economy, population, and technology. A carbon emission prediction model was constructed based on the STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model. The path of the carbon peak in the transportation sector was simulated. A scenario under the carbon peak target was designed to determine the development trend of each factor. The layout forms and design requirements of urban road greening were then summarized. The annual carbon sequestration amounts of different plant types were calculated. An objective optimization model was constructed with the lowest cost of greening as the objective function. The constraint conditions specify that the carbon absorption be greater than the carbon emissions, in addition to specifying the basic greening design requirements. Finally, an empirical study was conducted on a road network area in Xi’an. According to the results, the traffic carbon emissions of Xi’an City will be 2.71 Mt in 2025, with road traffic accounting for 1.94 Mt. Without considering the road-measurement green-width constraint, the proportions of the road green belt for six road classes and the red-line width under the carbon peak target are 0.31, 0.33, 0.40, 0.22, 0.21, and 0.23. These research results provide a quantitative and reliable basis for designing the width of an urban green belt under the background of carbon peak policy. Under proportion restrictions, road greening yields better performance by considering both aesthetics and road characteristics.

Развитие торговой инфраструктуры в контексте физической доступности продовольствия гражданам России: город – село

The article contains a comparative analysis of the physical availability of food in urban and rural areas characterized by the development of retail trade and catering infrastructure. Specific (based on the population unit) indicators are used not only for retail space, but also for the number of retail facilities, which is especially important for assessing the spatial placement of retail and its pedestrian and transport accessibility. The development of public catering is characterized by specific indicators of the number of public catering facilities in rural settlements and their capacity by the number of seats. The statistical characteristics of the development of the distribution network are supplemented by data from a sample survey of urban and rural populations on the main places and forms of food purchase. The development of the road network in rural areas is characterized as a factor that largely determines the physical accessibility of retail facilities. It is concluded that there is a large ruralurban inequality in the realization of the population's payment demand for food products. Measures to increase the physical accessibility of food to the rural population are proposed.

Оценка воздействия лесозаготовительной деятельности на сохранение биоразнообразия северного региона

In the context of sustainable forestry, biodiversity conservation assessment is a necessary element in asset and service accounting. Logging is an important driver of economic growth in the northern regions of Russia. The past twenty years have seen changes in timber harvesting technologies and forest management principles, which has led to an increase in research interest in identifying ecosystem responses in terms of biodiversity conservation. This study aims to assess changes in biodiversity within the active forest management territory of the Komi Republic, encompassing ten municipal districts and 24 forestry areas. The objectives of the study include evaluating the impact of factors such as population density, road network, and intact area on biodiversity preservation. Statistical analysis methods were utilized to assess the biodiversity status, focusing on the number of rare species threatened by logging. The analysis studied changes in species abundance, territorial distribution across forestry areas, and changes in their conservation status. Using statistical and factor analysis methods, the study identified the impact of forestry and anthropogenic factors on the conservation of species. The novelty of the research consists in identifying the stability degree of ecosystems by analyzing the state of large areas that have experienced long-term anthropogenic impacts on the Komi Republic territory. Most forests within the active forest management zone demonstrated favorable ecosystem conditions, with logging activities causing lichen disappearance and reduced fish numbers only in individual small areas. The anthropogenic impact had minimal influence on the number of rare species due to low population and road network density. Large areas of undisturbed forests contribute to the natural preservation of biodiversity, but their significant reduction in the southern area causes a threat to the existence of rare species. The greatest impact on the change in biodiversity on the territories affected by active forest management is caused by factors such as the level of territorial exploration, the preservation of undisturbed forests, and selective logging. The practical significance of this study lies in the potential application of the proposed algorithm by large Russian forest businesses when conducting their operations.

Rural Infrastructure ant Its Impact on Agricultural Growth in India: An Empirical Analysis

The present paper attempts to find the impact of the rural infrastructural facilities on agricultural growth in India. It analyzes the trends in rural infrastructure variables and value of output from agriculture sector over the study period 1990-19 to 2017-18. Compound annual growth rates (CAGR) have been worked out to find the changes in area, production and yield of agriculture output. To investigate the relationship between infrastructure variables and value of agricultural output the regression analysis has been used. In present study the rural infrastructure includes irrigation facilities, fertilizer consumption, primary agricultural credit societies, electric supply, agricultural markets, and road network in rural areas. Study finds that there is significant impact of irrigation, fertilizer consumption, credit, regulated agricultural markets and road infrastructure on agricultural output. The impact of electric pump, tractors and village electrification has not found statistically significant. It implies that infrastructure facility like roads, irrigation and electricity have a more direct effect on agriculture growth than personal infrastructure like electrical pumps and tractors. This finding validates the conclusion regarding positive and significant relationship between rural infrastructure and agriculture growth in India.

Rural Infrastructure ant Its Impact on Agricultural Growth in India: An Empirical Analysis

The present paper attempts to find the impact of the rural infrastructural facilities on agricultural growth in India. It analyzes the trends in rural infrastructure variables and value of output from agriculture sector over the study period 1990-19 to 2017-18. Compound annual growth rates (CAGR) have been worked out to find the changes in area, production and yield of agriculture output. To investigate the relationship between infrastructure variables and value of agricultural output the regression analysis has been used. In present study the rural infrastructure includes irrigation facilities, fertilizer consumption, primary agricultural credit societies, electric supply, agricultural markets, and road network in rural areas. Study finds that there is significant impact of irrigation, fertilizer consumption, credit, regulated agricultural markets and road infrastructure on agricultural output. The impact of electric pump, tractors and village electrification has not found statistically significant. It implies that infrastructure facility like roads, irrigation and electricity have a more direct effect on agriculture growth than personal infrastructure like electrical pumps and tractors. This finding validates the conclusion regarding positive and significant relationship between rural infrastructure and agriculture growth in India.

Study on the sustainability of ancient canal towns on the basis of the topological structure analysis of streets and lanes: A case study of the Xixing ancient town.

In China, rapid urbanization and the decline of the canal's shipping function have directly led to the decline of the space and style of ancient towns with canals. The ancient town of Xixing, known to be the first canal town, is located west of the Zhedong canal section of the Grand Canal. It used to be the most active transportation hub and trade transit point in the east Zhejiang Province. However, the canal is now facing problems in protection and renewal, which require urgent attention. For example, the streets of the ancient town are separated from the water system space, the self-organizing and development ability of the ancient town has weakened, and the spatial vitality is scarce. Firstly, by comparing and analyzing whether the canal is used as a road network under two different spatial scales, the area with the highest degree of spatial integration is obtained before judging whether the canal has an important influence and control on the street spaces of the ancient town. Secondly, as the canal is no longer used as a transportation network nowadays, the internal spatial structure characteristics of streets and alleys are analyzed. Finally, the topological structure analysis is carried out in the 3 km area from the border of the planning control area, and the integrated development of the ancient town space and urban transportation network is then discussed. Further, the vitality renewal strategies of the ancient town under different spatial scales are put forward to provide the empirical basis and decision-making reference for the better sustainable development of ancient towns with canals. According to research, once the ancient town is considered on a larger urban scale, the areas with the best integration and accessibility, like the water-adjoined spaces change to intersection spaces and urban road network areas. Consequently, in order to realize the sustainable development of Xixing ancient town, the city system must overcome its shortfalls in operation. The methods and conclusions in the paper can effectively contribute to the development of the ancient town. The research significantly helps to improve the average land sharing, commercial distribution, and public facilities layout in the practice of protection and development in ancient towns and provides an empirical basis and decision-making references for relevant management departments.

A Fusion Deep Learning Model via Sequence-to-Sequence Structure for Multiple-Road-Segment Spot Speed Prediction

Forecasting the future average speed fluctuation is conducive to timely perceiving the degree of urban road congestion. Nevertheless, a new challenge has arisen in accurately predicting the spot speed on an urban road network area composed by multiple road segments. To surmount this, an intelligent method for spot speed estimation, namely, the fusion deep learning model with sequence-to-sequence structure (Seq2Seq-FDL), is proposed. It is a sequence-to-sequence learning structure that covers the encoding context vector. The unidirectional convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) and bidirectional ConvLSTM networks are used to capture traffic short-term and periodic spatiotemporal synchronization characteristics, respectively. Finally, the prediction results are computed by linear feature fusion. Furthermore, the black-box effect of the proposed model is explained by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model based on Granger causality, and the rationality of the model is verified with an example of spot speed in a road network of Guangzhou. The experimental results were shown to indicate that the traffic spatiotemporal characteristics significantly contributed to the prediction effect of the Seq2Seq-FDL model. The prediction accuracy was superior to a convolutional neural network-connected LSTM network and a ConvLSTM network with or without a bidirectional LSTM; the proposed model presented good applicability in the multiple-time-step prediction of spot speed for multiple road segments.

An Automatic Generalization Method for a Dense Road Network Area Considering Spatial Structural Features as Constraints

Road networks are the skeletal elements of topographic maps at different scales, and road selection is a prerequisite for implementing continuous multiscale spatial representations of road networks. The mesh-based approach is a common, advanced and powerful method for road selection in dense road areas in which small meshes are removed and road segments with the least importance in each mesh are eliminated. However, small meshes in a map can be classified into two types: aggregated small meshes and isolated small meshes. The number of the former is small, and that of the latter is large. Existing methods are generally applicable for the latter, and some or even most spatial characteristics will be lost when they are applied to the former; as a result, the road selection quality will be affected. Therefore, as a supplement to the mesh-based selection method, this paper proposed an automatic generalization method of dense road network areas (areas formed by aggregated small meshes) considering spatial structural features as constraints. First, the aggregated areas of small meshes were identified based on the number of adjoining small meshes, and the boundaries of aggregated areas are extracted and used as hard constraints during mesh elimination. Second, the starting meshes were redefined by simultaneously considering the edge features and mesh density of small meshes, and an ordinal elimination algorithm was proposed to eliminate the meshes in the stroke connection direction. Third, road selection was implemented by identifying the starting meshes and sequentially processing the related mesh pairs. This iterative process continued until all mesh densities of the newly formed meshes are beyond the threshold or the problem becomes a simple elimination problem involving two adjoining small meshes or one isolated small mesh. Finally, a 1:10,000 standard topographic road map for Jiangsu Province, China, was used for validation. The experimental results showed that in the aggregated areas with two small meshes, 31% of the areas obtained the same selection results by using the mesh-based method and the proposed method, and the remaining 69% obtained a more compact result with the proposed method. Moreover, for all aggregated areas with more than two small meshes, the spatial distribution structure of small meshes was preserved better by the proposed method.

The Impact of Urban Growth Pattern on Local Road Network: A System Dynamics Study

The complex nature of urban growth in cities whose population is exponentially increasing requires a comprehensive understanding to create a precise and descriptive modelling. In order to identify the main factors that influence the behavior of such complex growth and consequently recognize the most applicable future projection to the growth in each urban category, a system dynamics model was developed in which all pertinent variables are incorporated. This model was proven to be capable of simulating the urban growth in Baquba city for some six decades from 1957 to 2017. The simulation results showed very high goodness of fit with the historical records with an R2 ranging between 0.987 and 0.997 proving the validity and applicability of the model. The interaction between various urban categories showed that the road network area was negatively influenced mainly by the rapid growth of residential and public areas. The future projections of this model to the target year of 2035 showed that the residential, public, commercial and industrial categories are increasing by; 55%, 84%, 40%, and 19% respectively. The road area has also increased by 19% in the same projection gaining more expansion than what it got in the last three decades prior to 2017.

Integrated approach to evaluate unstable rocky slopes: case study of Aqabat Al-Sulbat road in Aseer Province, Saudi Arabia.

In this applied research work, the risk of rock instability in the Aqabat Al-Sulbat road section located in the north-west area of Aseer Province in Saudi Arabia was evaluated, and the primary natural trigger factors of rock slope instability on further environmental components (rock slope stability, road network, and urban areas) were estimated using satellite images (Landsat8), digital terrain models, and geoprocessing in geographical information systems software (classification, overlapping algorithms and production thematic mapping in Arctoolbox). Additionally, field geotechnical investigations testing and over-coring drilling sampling allowed the characterization of the section of road in terms of geological structure and environmental components (geology, morphology, road network, lineaments, and hydrology). As a result, rock slope instability vulnerability mapping was simulated using satellite imagery and geographical information systems (GIS) and ranking natural trigger factors using the combined fuzzy Delphi analytical hierarchic process with the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) as multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. Additionally, many rock layer discontinuity stations were implemented to evaluate rock slope instabilities, and these were visualized using the Dips program and combined with modeling using 3DEC software to predict rock slope failure based on the distinct element method (DEM) at a small scale. Thereafter, safety factors were computed depending on these previous geospatial data. Finally, vulnerability index mapping was combined with rock instability risk mapping for the Aqabat Al-Sulbat road. Within the framework of sustainable development, these results can be used to inform the urban planning of the municipality of Aseer Province.

Road Network Generalization Method Constrained by Residential Areas

Residential areas and road networks have a strong geographical correlation. The development of a single geographical feature could destroy the geographical correlation. It is necessary to establish collaborative generalization models suitable for multiple features. However, existing road network generalization methods for mapping purposes do not fully consider residential areas. Compared with road networks, residential areas have a higher priority in cartographic generalization. In this regard, this study proposes a road network generalization method constrained by residential areas. First, the roads and settlements obtained from clustering residential areas were classified. Next, the importance of the settlements was evaluated and certain settlements were selected as the control features. Subsequently, a geographical network with the settlements as the nodes was built, and the traffic paths between adjacent settlements were searched. Finally, redundant paths between the settlements were simplified, and the visual continuity and topological connectivity were checked. The data of a 1:50,000 road network and residential areas were used as the experimental data. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method preserves the overall structure and relative density characteristics of the road network, as well as the geographical correlation between the road network and residential areas.

Understanding the pattern and mechanism of spatial concentration of urban land use, population and economic activities: a case study in Wuhan, China

ABSTRACT Quantifying the aggregation patterns of urban population, economic activities, and land use are essential for understanding compact development, but little is known about the difference among the distribution characteristics and how the built environment influences urban aggregation. In this study, five elements are collected in Wuhan, China, namely population density, floor area ratio, business POIs, road network and built-up area as the representative of urban population, economic activities and land use. An inverse S-shape function is employed to fit the elements’ macro distribution. An aggregation degree index is proposed to measure the aggregation level of urban elements. The kernel density estimation is used to identify the aggregation patterns. The spatial regression model is used to identify the built environment factors influencing the spatial distribution of urban elements. Results indicates that all urban elements decay outward from the city center in an inverse S-shape manner. The business Point-of-Interest (POI) density and population density are highly aggregated; floor area ratio and road density are moderately aggregated, whereas the built-up density is poorly aggregated. Three types of spatial aggregation patterns are identified: a point-shaped pattern, an axial pattern and a planar pattern. The spatial regression modeling shows that the built environment is associated with the distribution of the urban population, economic activities and land use. Destination accessibility factors, transit accessibility factors and land use diversity factors shape the distribution of the business POI density, floor area ratio and road density. Design factors are positively associated with population density, floor area ratio and built-up density. Future planning should consider the varying spatial concentration of urban population, economic activities and land use as well as their relationships with built environment attributes. Results of this study will provide a systematic understanding of aggregation of urban land use, population, and economic activities in megacities as well as some suggestions for planning and compact development.

Regional Boundary Control of Traffic Network Based on MFD and FR-PID

In recent years, urban traffic congestion has become more serious and the capacity of roads has declined, resulting in frequent traffic accidents. In order to effectively alleviate the traffic congestion of the regional road network, aiming at the problem of lack of accurate OD data of the road network, a regional boundary control method of the traffic network based on fuzzy RBF neural network PID (FR-PID) is proposed by combining the theory of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). Firstly, based on the traffic survey, the simulation model of the study area is built, and the basic data such as the traffic flow and the time occupation rate of each road section are obtained. Secondly, the simulation data are used to test the existence of MFD in the road network, and the controlled area is defined. Then, the vehicle change model of the road network area is established. Then, in view of the problem of poor adaptive ability of traditional PID control, the FR-PID control structure is designed. Finally, an example is verified by VISSIM software. In the simulation, different control methods are used for comparison and verification, and the simulation results are analyzed. The results show that the control effect of the proposed method is better than that of the traditional method, and the regional average accumulative vehicle number, regional average completed volume, regional accumulative delays, and total vehicle travel time are optimized by 28.21%, 41.19%, 27.06%, and 32.73%, respectively. The research results can provide reference for the management of urban congestion, thereby reducing the number of traffic accidents and improving urban traffic safety.

STUDI KELAYAKAN EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN UNDERPASS PADA SIMPANG TOHPATI DI KOTA DENPASAR

Private vehicle ownership does not pay attention to the capacity of the road that will cause congestion of the road network in urban areas. Setting The Tohpati Junction with Traffic Signaling Tool is not able to cope, the solution to this condition is to build an underpass. The purpose of the study is to analyze the performance of existing intersections and underpasses in 2025, analyze the amount of costs required for the underpass, analyze the direct benefits of underpass construction, and can be known whether the project is feasible or not with an economic feasibility analysis of the underpass investment built. In addition to using primary data and secondary data in calculations, the method of economic feasibility analysis as a comparison of costs and benefits with indicators Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results showed the performance of existing intersections obtained a delay of 373 seconds /smp morning peak hours, for the peak hour of noon 364 seconds / smp, and the peak afternoon 364 seconds / smp, including the level of service F. Simpang assumption underpass built the value of delay peak hours morning 19.02 seconds / smp, for the peak hours of noon 19.33 seconds / smp, and the peak afternoon 18.32seconds / smp, including the level of service A. In realizing the construction of the underpass, it is necessary to pay Rp. 224,964,665,195.28 and direct benefit from the construction of the underpass at Simpang Tohpati in Denpasar City for the cost savings of road users.amounting to Rp.10.407.740.934,00. In general, the underpass construction project at Simpang Tohpati in Denpasar city is economically viable and the terms of the three bank interest rates of 12%,15% and 18% in one year result in a non-negative NPV value, BCR is not less than one and the IRR is not below the bank's interest rate, hence the analysis related to the sensitivity of the bank to the condition of I, II and III.

Experiences with Establishing a Simulation Scenario of the City of Duisburg with Real Traffic Volume

This article presents the experience of building a simulation scenario of the whole city of Duisburg using real traffic data. The establishment of the simulation scenario is based on road network and traffic volume. In most cases, it is hard to collect all data sources with high precision. Moreover, it is time-consuming to set up a realistic traffic scenario. Even with available data, conversion, calibration, and validation all take a large effort. With the increase of the respective simulation area, the difficulty and workload rise. In this study, a simulation scenario of the whole city of Duisburg with the road network area of 232 km2 and Origin/Destination (OD) matrix area over 800 km2 was established in the software package SUMO. Four cases with different networks and traffic volumes were built and compared with real traffic data collected from induction loops. The percentage of simulated traffic volume in real traffic volume range can be up to 72.22%.

Simulation network-level relationships of traffic flow

This paper describes possibilities of the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) of traffic flow to predict the conditions of operation of the road network in urban areas. This study examines relationships between traffic flow parameters on the network level. Microscopic traffic simulation has provided important data on the estimation of road capacity, velocity, trip time, and detection of congestions reasons. Data of spatial distribution density in network useful for implementing approach based on gating policy on subnetwork using MFD. It presents the results of a simulation using the example of central area of Rostov-on-Don