Improvement Of Road Infrastructure Research Articles

Micromobility implementation challenges and opportunities: Analysis of e-scooter parking and high-use corridors

To enhance the effectiveness of dockless shared micromobility vehicle services, address challenges created by these services, and achieve better implementation performance, cities need efficacious strategies to tackle two major challenges: parking demand and infrastructure improvements. This paper offers two techniques for analyzing areas of high parking demand and roadway segments of high micromobility vehicle demand. The proposed processes support efforts to assign free-floating parking and reduce vehicle clutter across cities, and assist transportation planners in identifying locations for road infrastructure improvement and ordinance enforcement. An unsupervised learning approach using vendor launching site analysis is used to appropriately locate dockless vehicle parking zones. Furthermore, this paper compares three methods for identifying high-demand corridors. Two shortest path models are generated to predict trip paths for trip data without trajectories, considering rider route preferences and infrastructure types. A Simplified Matching Heuristic (SMH) that uses trip data with trajectories, is developed herein to match trip trajectory data to the network street links. These analytical processes are applied in a case study of Dallas, TX. Results show that methods using shortest path models may poorly predict the actual path taken by e-scooter users. A discussion of policy implications for micromobility planning and management and potential environmental impacts of emerging transportation technologies are also presented.

Comparative Analysis of Motorcyclists’ Gaze Behavior in Different Road Environments

While car drivers consist the vast majority of road users, motorcycle drivers are considered among the most vulnerable ones with significant participation in accidents. The present study investigates the role of elements that permanently exist in the road environment and affect motorcyclist’s behavior since their usefulness requires visual contact between them and the rider during a certain period of time. Therefore, on such an occasion the riders do not monitor the road ahead which is considered as a fundamental driving task and hence the visual search and scan is not directed to the frontal view. The main objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate certain aspects of motorcyclists’ behavior influenced by exterior factors, such as observation of vertical signage or advertisement signs, by using naturalistic data. Motorcyclist’s visual behavior is evaluated via a continuous recording of his gaze, which acts as the main indicator regarding the rider’s performance, with the use of special equipment under naturalistic riding conditions. The selection of a naturalistic method permits continuous data recording, producing real-time data. Thus, the results are reliable and valid to the maximum possible extent. This research is based on a medium-scale experimental procedure that took place in three different road sections in Western Greece. A number of 11 motorcyclists participated in the study. The present research may be used as a tool to improve road infrastructure and to identify attitudes that pose a risk to rider’s safety aiming to the creation of a safer road environment, which will lead to less fatal and serious accidents.

Research paper on improvement of road infrastructure to implement road safety at an intersection of military hospital road.

Geometrical plan lacks on existing streets would prompt an expected mishap, for example, a mishap occurs at the sharp bends, layered asphalt conditions, and dangerous asphalt surface. Street auto collision has been expanding in the Southern Region of Tigray, of which this region was appeared to have disturbing rates. As indicated by the Southern Tigray Regional Police, the more rate of street car crashes were recorded in Garhi, Brimah pull and jekhani regions. This examination study zeroed in on the investigation of auto collisions identified with mathematical plan boundaries of the current black top street. While the information for the investigation covered course information, auto collision report from the police headquarters containing a few wounds, crashes, and destroyed the properties, just as meetings and poll studies to individuals who are straightforwardly engaged with street voyages, are thought of. The essential information has basically covered the math of the street which was estimated during the site study, street security review utilizing the agenda, meeting, and poll study. Then again, the auxiliary information gathered from the traffic the executive’s office in the area workplaces. On this, the outcomes introduced as line diagrams, pie outlines, figures for street car crash and sketch for the proposed improvement in the street plan issue. In view of the aftereffects of the investigation in the year 2015 to year 2019, it discovered that there were 1866 Road Traffic Accidents have been happening nearby the overview street areas. It uncovered that the essential driver of street car crashes in the investigation region exuded from the street plan components because of some mathematical lacks at the auto collision inclined regions uncovered that the essential driver of street car crashes in the examination region radiated from the street plan components because of some mathematical insufficiencies at the car crash inclined regions. Hence, this investigation reasoned that the recurrence of event of street auto collisions and the figure of setbacks is altogetherexpanding. This street mishap would endure if the concerned offices don’t satisfactorily address the disease.

SWOT Analysis Nomadic Tourism as Millennial Friendly Natural Tourist Destination Development Strategy (Case Study: Glamping De Loano, Purworejo)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the alternative strategy of developing local tourism around Borobudur, one of the world’s heritage as the top choice of foreign and domestic tourists, that focused on developing a variety of alternative tourism infrastructures while preserving the environment that is a millennial-friendly destination that is called Nomadic Tourism in Glamping De Loano, Purworejo, Indonesia. The research took place between June-July 2020 in Glamping De Loano, Purworejo. The chosen methods including documentation, observation, and interviews with local government groups, visitors, and residents. Glamping De Loano is a new and fresh tourism sensation in Purworejo that can bring millennial tourists and new unique tourism experiences to the area. It is a new early-stage of destination because it has only been operated for less than a year but has many opportunities that can be cultivated and developed. However, most complaints coming from them are regarding narrow and dangerous road infrastructure towards the destination, supporting ecosystem readiness, and conformity of the biophilic material to the environment surrounding. Most interviewers suggest it would be better with improved road infrastructure construction and focus on providing a basic supporting ecosystem. Recommendations are made for developing the Glamping De Loano tourism better to improve the experience of tourists and visitors and to improve the resident’s quality of life. It is hoped that this research may prompt local authorities to take l residents’ perceptions and experiences into account by creating better management measures and regulations.
 Keywords: Nomadic Tourism, Destination Development Strategy, Glamping, Purworejo, Borobudur

Stroke at Moderate and High Altitude.

Syed, Maryam J., Ismail A. Khatri, Wasim Alamgir, and Mohammad Wasay. Stroke at moderate and high altitude. High Alt Med Biol. 23:1-7, 2022. Background: Stroke at high altitude is an understudied area in stroke research. With improvements in road infrastructure, access to high-altitude areas for recreation and living purposes has risen. Subsequently, it has been anticipated that due to normal physiological changes to high altitude the incidence of stroke is also likely to increase in these regions. Methods: We searched PubMed for available literature about stroke at high altitude. Cross-referencing was done from available articles and through other scientific search engines. Relevant case series and case reports were included in this review of the topic. Results: Only one review article, eight case series (including review of literature), and seven case reports were identified that could be included in this review. Most of the available data come from moderate and high altitude. Conclusions: There is limited available literature about stroke at high and extreme altitudes. Stroke at high altitude is likely to become an important subset of stroke population. Currently, there is inadequate knowledge about the incidence and prevalence, mechanisms, and stroke outcomes. Cerebral venous thrombosis is more common than arterial stroke. Stroke is probably secondary to conventional risk factors, polycythemia, and other coagulopathies. A case-control study may identify the at-risk population for stroke at moderate and high altitudes.

Exploring the Sustainable Effects of Urban-Port Road System Reconstruction

The aim of the research is to identify and quantify the direct sustainable effects resulting from the improved road infrastructure in the local urban-port transport system. This case study considers the city port of Szczecin (Poland). The effects are identified for the local road transport system by comparing freight road transport performance in two options: with the investment and without the investment. The sustainable effects are quantified in terms of money and physical units. Sustainable economic, social, and environmental effects concern generalized freight road transport cost, i.e., truck operating costs and costs of truck drivers’ working time, as well as freight transit time, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and environmental savings. To capture effects, the forecast of truck traffic demand, as well as unit vehicle operating costs, values of time, and air pollution and climate change, values are elaborated and revealed in freight road transport. The investigations show that the primary effect of investment is the reduced traffic congestion, which enhance the velocity of trucks in the transport system. The increased trucks′ speed affect freight road traffic performance, time of delivery, and environmental externalities.

ANALISIS RISIKO PENINGKATAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN RUAS ABEPURA-YETTI DENGAN PERSPEKTIF KONTRAKTOR DI JAYAPURA PAPUA

Activities to improve road infrastructure in Jayapura Papua are growing. There are many risks faced by construction service companies in its implementation. One of them is the implementation of work to improve the road infrastructure for the Abepura-Yetti section. This study aims to identify the possible risks that occur in improving the road infrastructure for the Abepura-Yetti section and analyze the handling of the dominant risks in improving the AbepuraYetti road section. Data retrieval is carried out to contractors who are carrying out work. It is estimated that the risks that occur may hamper the completion of the road infrastructure improvement work for the Abepura-Yetti section. The indicator with the highest level of risk that affects cost performance and time performance on road infrastructure improvement for the Abepura-Yetti section is a late project related to land followed by unexpected land / location conditions and unexpected project location conditions.

Analysis of Small Business and Cooperative’s Growth in Tourism Areas Integrated with Nurmilad Boarding School at Lempong, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi

This research is entitled Analysis of Small Business and Cooperative’s Growth in Tourism Area Integrated with Nurmilad Islamic Boarding School (NBS), Lempong, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the growth, constraints, and efforts in overcoming the obstacles that occur for small businesses and cooperative in tourism area integrated with Nurmilad Boarding Islamic Boarding School. This research used descriptive qualitative analysis method where data collection obtains by observation and interviews involving six informants.Based on the descriptive and analysis results, it can be concluded that the growth of small businesses and cooperatives in the sharia tourism area integrated with the Nurmilad Boarding School is very significant. The growth of the sharia tourism area has an impact on the growth of small businesses and cooperatives because of the integration policy between the tourist area management and the Nurmilad Islamic Boarding School. The obstacles found were the lack of human resources, inadequate accessibility of infrastructure, lack of maximum promotion, and the mindset of the people who were still influeced with agrarian mindset. Therefore, the efforts made are to collaborate with local governments to improve road infrastructure, maximize promotions so that more visitors come, and always analyzing consumer needs.

Price Transmission in Yam Markets in Côte d’Ivoire

Many studies have shown that rising prices are not transmitted in the same way as falling prices and vice versa. There is an asymmetry in price transmission between agricultural commodity markets that is an important issue in household food security. The main objective of this study is to examine the nature of price transmission in yam markets in Côte d’Ivoire. To do so, two regression models were used, namely the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and Vector autoregressive (VAR) model. The results revealed that a variation in prices on Abengourou and Korhogo markets affects the price on the Abidjan market even though trade between these markets is not direct. Similarly, the price one month later on Abidjan market is affected by its past price and that of Korhogo market one month earlier. As recommendation, the study suggests that the government should strengthen and improve road infrastructure as well as communication networks to enhance trade between markets.

The Role of Attitude, Behavior, and Road Conditions in Traffic Violation among Workers and Students in Bandung City, Indonesia

Introduction: This study aims to explore the attitudes towards riding safety, behavior regarding safety gear, documents, and vehicle and riding preparedness, and perceived road conditions among worker and student motorcyclists, and the influence of these on their violation behavior. Methods: To further explore the violation behavior, the effects of the infrastructure quality, personal and travel characteristics, and the experience of accidents were also included in the variables. This study collected data on motorcycle users’ behavior in Bandung City and used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results and Discussion: This research underlines that behavior regarding safety gear, documents, and vehicle and riding preparedness is an important factor that decreases the violation behavior. Interestingly, a positive attitude towards safe riding does not straightforwardly lead to better behavior in preparing the vehicle, safety gear, and documents. Conclusion: Good quality infrastructure also promotes a reduction of traffic violations. Improving road infrastructure safety and both promoting and monitoring users’ safe riding behavior are suggested to lower the number of traffic violations.

Challenges of and Opportunities for Market Access by Pineapple Agripreneurs in Rangwe Sub County, Homa Bay County, Kenya

Pineapple farming is among the fastest-growing agricultural sub-sectors in Homa Bay County, Kenya specifically Rangwe sub-county. However, limited attention has been given to the market access of this produce. Evidenced by vast quantities of pineapples harvested from the farms and stacked along main highways without targeting a specific market. This result to a small portion being sold and the rest deteriorating, consequently reducing returns for pineapple agripreneurs. Therefore, this paper sought to determine those factors that influences access to formal market by pineapple agripreneurs and as well as find out challenges of and opportunities for accessing formal markets by the Rangwe pineapple agripreneurs. The survey was undertaken in Rangwe Sub-county, and multisampling method was used to select a sample of 183 pineapple agripreneurs from the study area, primary data was collected using a semi-structured survey tool. Data was analyzed by descriptive analysis and Logistic regression model. Results indicated that pineapple agripreneurs were faced with numerous challenges in accessing pineapple market, also there existed several market access opportunities for pineapple agripreneurs. The results of logistic regression analysis revealed extension contacts, education level and price of pineapple as factors that were positively and statistically significant in influencing access to formal markets. While those that were statistically and negatively influencing access to formal market comprised of; age of household head, household size, and type of road. The study recommends; improvement of road infrastructure in pineapple producing areas so as to improve on their market access; development of policies that encourages capacity building of pineapple agripreneurs in Rangwe sub-county

Sociotechnical view of electric bike issues in China: Structured review and analysis of electric bike collisions using Rasmussen's risk management framework

AbstractFollowing a thriving delivery business and constantly improving road infrastructure and vehicle technologies, electric bicycles (e‐bikes) are becoming one of the most popular modes of road transport in China. Although e‐bikes are flexible and cost efficient, they contribute significantly to on‐road collisions in China. Therefore, this study focuses on the traffic safety of e‐bikes in China. Rather than following conventional engineering approaches, this study applies a sociotechnical analysis of the system, while focusing on the entities that significantly influence e‐bike safety. Applying Rasmussen's risk management framework (RMF) and its associated Accimap methodology shapes the systematic analysis of e‐bike collisions in China. This study identifies and discusses a general pattern of the contribution of social entities to e‐bike collisions. As such, the authors developed a generic model of e‐bike collisions in China. Couriers were considered important in this domain, and their status in the system was discussed. Moreover, recommendations have been proposed to improve e‐bike traffic safety in China.

Tunnelling the Peninsula of Trolls: A Case Study of Road Infrastructure Improvement and Demographic Dynamics in Northern Iceland

Abstract Geographical isolation is closely associated with rural population decline and policies for regional and rural development frequently emphasize better transportation infrastructure improvements. Although poor access to jobs and services may lead to negative rates of net migration and skewed age and gender distribution in rural and remote areas, research on the association of road infrastructure improvement with rural demographic dynamics remains sparse. The current study adds to the understanding of these issues by examining the effects of a large-scale road tunnel project in Northern Iceland. The results suggest that improved road infrastructure coincides with a break in long-term population decline through parity in net migration and positive changes in the composition of the population of sparsely populated areas.

Assessment of Social Infrastructure Due to Growth and Development in Roads: A Case Study

Rural connectivity is essential for the socio-economic development of rural areas. Various studies reveal that a higher socioeconomic progress is occurring in areas with paved roads for a long time. The linkages are either direct or indirect. It has been observed in this study that places with better transportation systems lead to improved accessibility to education, healthcare and drinking water facilities. It has been found that improved road infrastructure also increases the transport facility which gives better access to healthcare and education. It has been observed that enrolment in secondary/higher secondary schools increases due to access to rural roads.

Comparative analysis of the entropic organization of road transport systems in the representative regions of the Arctic zone of Russia

The mineral resources of the Arctic region are difficult to access. The list of dangers, challenges, and threats that form risks for the development of the Russian Arctic Zone occupies 18 points in Section II of the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security until 2035. Among them, poor transport infrastructure development and the high cost of its construction represent the most fundamentally important problem. This is a challenge that has to be met, despite all the difficulties and huge costs. This paper presents a comparative assessment of the processes of improving road infrastructure in two representative regions of the Russian Arctic Zone — Murmansk Region and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area — developing over time (2012–2019). The improvement of regional road infrastructure is assessed in terms of system organization using such an indicator as relative system entropy Hn. We also analyzed the dynamics of changes in the organization of regional traffic safety (TS) systems over time (2012–2019) and evaluated the impact of the organization in road construction on the TS system organization in the compared regions.

Important risk factors for road accidents

This article analyzes the relationship and influence of factors such as the population, the level of motorization, economic development, and the state of the state road network on the state of the risk of road accidents, including the level of mortality and road injuries, as well as the relevance of improving methods for assessing, managing and predicting the risk of accidents in road traffic. National indicators of the level of road deaths and injuries in different countries were studied. The relationship between road accidents and the level of motorization, income of the population, the state of the road network, and other indicators were revealed. The urgency of the problem of road accidents and the organization of measures to reduce the level of road accidents is emphasized. It also takes into account the special importance of forming conceptually new approaches to the task of improving the efficiency of public administration in the field of organization and maintenance of road traffic through the implementation of the Concept of Road Safety in the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2018-2022, which includes the following main directions: further improvement of the regulatory framework in the field of road safety, including significant strengthening of responsibility for gross violations of traffic rules; comprehensive improvement of road infrastructure, improving the quality of roads, creating reliable conditions for the safe movement of vehicles; improving the legal culture, the necessary knowledge, and skills of road users, strengthening their discipline.

Identification of road safety measures for elderly pedestrians based on K-means clustering and hierarchical cluster analysis

Introduction: Pedestrians aged over 65 are known to be a critical group in terms of road safety because they represent the age group with the highest number of fatalities or injured people in road accidents. With a current ageing population throughout much of the developed world, there is an imminent need to understand the current transportation requirements of older adults, and to ensure sustained safe mobility and healthy. Objectives: The aim of this study is to capture and analyze the key components that influence the identification of design solutions and strategies aimed at improving the safety of pedestrian paths for elderly. Method: A survey was conducted in 5 different locations in Catania, Italy. The locations were specifically chosen near to attraction poles for elderly pedestrians (e.g. centers for the elderly, squares, churches). Participants were recruited in person, so as to select exclusively people over 70. The sample comprised 322 participants. Both Hierarchical and K-Means clustering were used in order to explore which solutions elderly pedestrian propose for improving the safety of pedestrian path. Results: The results show that the judgment expressed by the elderly on the solutions for improving pedestrian safety is linked to the gender, to the experience as road users, and to mobility and vision problems. All solutions proposed regard road infrastructure (improvement of pedestrian crossings and of sidewalks, implementation of traffic calming measures, improvement of lighting), except for police supervision. Conclusion: This study has identified the factors that influence the identification of the best solutions to increase the safety level of pedestrian paths for elderly people. The aspects related to human factors considered were the gender, the factors associated with the experience as road users and the factors related to age related problems (mobility, vision and hearing problems). The results of this research could support traffic engineers, planners, and decision-makers to consider the contributing factors in engineering measures to improve the safety of vulnerable users such as elderly pedestrians.

Evaluasi Dana Desa dan Alokasi Dana Desa Pada Desa Bantan Tengah Tahun Anggaran 2019

This research consign to knowing evaluation of village funds and allocation of village funds to the village of Bantan Tengah for the 2019 fiscal year (case study in the village of Central Bantan). The type of research that use in this case as deskriptif kualitatif. The results of this research is showing that the use of village funds and the allocation of village funds in the middle of bantan village have not been used to the fullest, because there are still a number of unrealized. Unrealized funds from village funds are Rp. 113,775,041, -, 9.58% of the total budget, while funds from the allocation of village funds amounted to Rp. 717,334,285, - 32.73% of the total budget. Activities programs, while the unrealized activities are management of villageowned libraries, construction / rehabilitation / improvement of road infrastructure, social training / extension / about the environment, strengthening and increasing the capacity of security personnel, port maintenance, construction / rehabilitation / upgrading of buildings / infrastructure, developing village information systems, organizing PAUD / TK / TPA / TKA / TPQ / Madrasah, maintenance of residential neighborhood / alley roads, maintenance of facilities cultural infrastructure, youth development / youth / sports clubs, disaster management activities, the most dominant program that is not realized, namely the infrastructure development.

Regional CO2 impact assessment of road infrastructure improvements

Transparent methods of estimating CO2 emissions from transportation sources are necessary to evaluate mitigation strategies. This study proposes a framework to assess the regional impact of roadway designs on CO2 emissions. First, three roadway infrastructure configurations were designed to improve the traffic flow at intersections and interchanges. Second, the economical and environmental life-cycle cost assessments of constructing and maintaining new infrastructures were developed. Then, the effects of infrastructure on regional vehicle CO2 emissions were modeled using a simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment model coupled with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) model. The case study estimated that converting 72 stop signs to roundabouts within El Paso, TX, reduced daily vehicular CO2 emissions by more than 50 tonnes, paying back the CO2 from construction and maintenance within 2.5 to 2.9 years. The roundabout modifications' cost-effectiveness ranged from $30 to $130 per tonne of CO2 over a 30-year assessment.

Activity of Purchase of Flats in the Area of Public Urban Planning and Architecture Intervention

Urban space serves a variety of purposes, especially the public ones. The study of the literature suggests that the improvement of road infrastructure, the location of a new public transport network or the emergence of green areas in the city should increase the value of neighbouring real estate. The municipal authorities’ intervention in public space has a formal and legal dimension in the form of local land use plans. Since the planning arrangements are open, participants of the real estate market make their decisions rationally. Unfortunately, in practice the implementation of public tasks in urban space affects neighbouring residential properties: their attractiveness and, as a result, their market value. The article will analyse market effects on residential properties located in the vicinity of new investments such as public urban-architectural intervention. The research was conducted on the local market in Szczecin. The paper looks at changes in prices and activity of residential property buyers in the vicinity of new public investments in the period of 2005-2019. For this purpose, both statistical tools and methods of visualization of the studied phenomena were used.