Rivest Cipher Research Articles

Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack using Rivest Cipher 6 Algorithm

Wireless ad hoc network is oneself configuring network that is used to establish network between nodes spontaneously. The impregnable and minimal pathway between informant/source and destination provide the reliable data transmission. We use MAODV protocol. In MAODV protocol we use Genetic Algorithm to make it more reliable for routing. It is the receptive routing protocol which used to build the minimal path by comparing hop counts RivestCipher-6 is the algorithm which is used to procure data using stream cipher text to be sent towards destination. Here, we give the noble approach to prevent black hole attack.

An Efficient Image Encryption Technique using Chaotic Logistic Map and RC4 Stream Cipher

In recent years, because of the frequent flow of digital images across the world over the transmission media, image encryption become one of the most substantial topics. In this paper, we propose a new image encryption method based on the well-known Chaotic Logistic Map (CLM) and the Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) encryption methods. Here, we use the secret key, and the CLM to produce a one-dimensional array of different numbers. Then the RC4 algorithms used to make some sort of random shuffling (relying on the contents of the array created by the CLM) to the array that is created by the RC4 first algorithm. After that, the second algorithm of RC4 used inside a loop to change the value of each color (using the resultant array of the first RC4 algorithm) of a pixel until all the pixels of the image be changed. And by doing that we have produced a cipher image that is completely different and does not reveal any information of the plain image, also we proved that it is really a key sensitive encryption that can't be decrypted easily by using brute force or any other kind of attacks.

Guarding Architecture for Unattended Deployment Applications of Ad Hoc Networks: GARUDA

Background/Objective: Human monitoring is expensive and vulnerable due to human errors. The Ad Hoc networks are used as an alternative to monitor the sensitive areas. The major drawback of the Ad Hoc network monitoring is the unattended nature of the network which makes the system susceptible to attacks by conflicting troupes. The limited battery capacity and processing power makes it difficult to implement complex cryptographic solutions to protect the network. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The proposed system brings together a general architecture called Guarding Architecture for Unattended Deployment Applications (GARUDA) for Ad Hoc network Security. A cluster-based approach is used to classify the network nodes based on functionality and priority. A key Pre-distribution technique is used to protect the key-management schema. The modified Localized Encryption and Authentication Protocol are used for hierarchical key management. The Rivest Cipher 5 (RC5) algorithm is used for encryption of sensitive data. The system has an unmanned vehicle with sensors to protect the network from attacks and report the malicious activities to the base station. Findings: The architecture was successfully implemented in wireless sensor network, set up by micaz motes. The RC5 algorithm was programmed using nesC language in micaz mote for encrypting the sensitive data. The highly confidential data can be directly sent to the base station from the vehicle unit. The absence of key exchange and presence of individual key makes the system sheltered. Applications/Improvements: The GARUDA architecture can be used in any resource constraint monitoring application of unattended nature to make it secure. The vehicle unit can resolve network problems like time synchronization and localization in ad hoc networks.

Energy Efficient, Lifetime Improving and Secure Periodic Data Collection Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The most emerging prominent sensor network applications collect data from sensor nodes and monitors periodically. Resource constraint Sensor motes sense the environment and transit data to the remote sink via multiple hops. Minimum energy dissipation and secure data transmission are crucial to such applications. This paper delivers an energy efficient, lifetime improving, secure periodic Data Gathering scheme that is a hybrid of heuristic path establishment and secure data transmission. This protocol uses artificial intelligence (AI) based A* heuristic search algorithm to establish energy efficient admissible optimal path to sink in terms of high residual energy, minimum hop counts and high link quality. This scheme also adopts block encryption Rivest Cipher (RC6) Algorithm to secure the transmission of packets. This code and speed optimized block encryption provides confidentiality against critical data and consumes less energy for encryption. This proposed method increases the network lifetime there by reducing the total traffic load. Evaluation of performance analysis of this algorithm using Network Simulator (NS2) shows the superiority of the proposed scheme.

A Comprehensive Compression and Encryption Scheme for Secured Medical Images Communication

Background/Objectives: Among a gamut of evolving domains in medicine exchange of medicinal data and images amid multiple entities constitutes a pivotal aspect for telemedicine. An effective bandwidth allocation and management scheme is essential to accomplish the telemedicine communication requirements. This necessitates the requisite to develop and implement a compression and encryption scheme for medical images. Methods: This paper recapitulates the diverse transformation techniques employed in compression and identifies the constraints associated with the techniques. This paper summarizes the comparison of encryption methods such as Rivest Cipher 4(RC4), Rivest Cipher 2(RC2) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) in terms of time consumed to complete encryption and decryption operations. Findings: This paper considers Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Compression Ratio (CR) as performance measures and establishes the proposed algorithms's effectiveness over Set Partitioning Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT). Application: This algorithm can be utilized for medical image compression, transfer and archiving operations.

Identifying and Securing Malicious Behavior in MANET

mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is auto configurable system. This environment allows us to move haphazardly in any path. These sorts of system are in some cases self- controlled or controlled by any web zone. The usability and opportunity to migrate make this stage a more extensive use in the present system populace. The information accepting and partaking in this environment is making this environment all the more agreeable to utilize and adjust. Be that as it may, adjusting the security system is of more noteworthy concern. So in this paper a hybrid encryption method based on Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman(RSA) and Rivest Cipher (RC) is applied on the data for protecting it. A has code is also added to recongiges the malicious behavior detection by reckoning it timely. The results also prove the effectiveness of this approach. KeywordsSecurity, RSA, RC, Data sharing and gathering.

A Secure Reconfigurable Crypto IC With Countermeasures Against SPA, DPA, and EMA

A secure reconfigurable cryptographic co-processor supporting multiple algorithms of advanced encryption standard (AES), data encryption standard (DES), rivest cipher 6, and international data encryption algorithm is proposed using its own reconfigurable feature to resist side-channel attack (SCA). It is integrated into a system-on-chip and fabricated in $0.18~\boldsymbol {\mu }\text{m}$ CMOS process with 1.8 V supply voltage and 100 MHz max frequency. Several kinds of specific countermeasures are proposed to hide leakage information by utilizing idle reconfigurable processing elements to do dummy operations. Its advantages lie in its little impact on area and frequency as well as high flexibility after silicon that countermeasures can also be reconfigured. Furthermore, different protections including several kinds of global countermeasures and encryption flow related countermeasures can be stacked, thus the security level can be tuned by trading for some performance or power consumption. Experimental SCA attack results show that it resists simple power analysis and differential power analysis without revealing the subkey. For correlation-based electromagnetic analysis (EMA) of DES configuration, it increases $36\boldsymbol {\times } $ measure to disclosure when applied with partial countermeasures compared to unprotected DES. As to AES configuration with full countermeasures, it resists EMA with no sign to reveal the right subkey for up to 1.2 million electromagnetic traces.

Attack Detection and Security in Remote Code Execution

The communication system today mostly relies on the World Wide Web. It is also the most convenient way and easier accessing to both the parties within few seconds. This is the one phase which is the brightest way of remote communication the other phase is the data is on the risk. Because the attackers are waiting for the code execution and by the several means the data might be attacked. So attack detection and considering security is the major concern now days. In this paper we have implemented an advanced security system by using advanced Rivest Cipher (RC) mechanism. A detection mechanism with the help of bengin tag is also implemented to achieve the malicious detection. There is a provision of data existence check also so that the data will be identified timely. The results shown by our methodology have the improving detection approach in terms of security and data existence. For this JSP and HTML based framework are used.

A MORE SECURE AND RELIABLE PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM

Hacking of Wireless network leading to insecure data is the main issue that needs to be attended. To achieve the goal of data security, there is need of the new protocol development especially for medical applications using wireless communication. The conventional system usually uses broadcast or multicast communication mode to increase the signal reliability; however, these modes lead to network traffic and signal transmission delay. The proposed system includes a reliable protocol which is based on anycast communication mode for wireless patient monitoring system and Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) security algorithms to ensure data security. On the basis of a reliable scheme, the proposed work is to design and implement this novel system using ZigBee device for patient monitoring, which integrates fall detection, temperature, pulse rate monitoring. The result of reliable protocol implementation assures the communication without fail mechanism, minimizes network traffic and transmission delay.

The study of selective encryption of motion vector based on the S-Box for the security improvement in the process of video

The Selective Encryption method encrypts the important and requisite parts of data. Since the method does not encrypt the whole of data, the amount of computation is small,which makes it faster and the resources can be used efficiently. The existing selective algorithms have vulnerabilities to the plain text attack and the image restoration attack using the motion vector. They are also vulnerable to the attack in storing and transmitting of the random table data using in encrypt and scramble. In this paper, we propose the selective encryption algorithm of motion vector based on S-Box to remove the vulnerabilities of the existing selective algorithms. The motion vectors generated by the end of motion estimation function of video encoding/decoding xored with S-Box table, are replaced to certain location by using mapping table. The S-Box and mapping table are generated by the secret key through the Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) encryption algorithm. The proposed algorithm enhances the resistance against attacks through the reinforcement of video security, and thus, reduces the vulnerabilities of the existing algorithms such as I-Frame selective encryption and MVEA. Even though the level of security of the proposed algorithm is higher than the bit scrambling algorithms, it has much better security and higher processing rate than others selective algorithms.

Design and Simulation of a Secure and Robust Underwater Acoustic Communication System in the Persian Gulf

In recent years, underwater acoustic (UWA) communications have received much attention as their applications have begun to shift from military toward commercial. Digital communications through UWA channels differ substantially from those in other media, such as radio channels, due to severe signal degradations caused by multipath propagation and high temporal and spatial variability of the channel conditions. This paper describes a project designed, based on the results obtained from extensive laboratory and field experiments on sound speed profile in different depths of the Persian Gulf, to investigate and demonstrate an underwater acoustic communication system. Transmitted data are acoustic signals to which for more safety in transmission and low frequency bandwidth, Rivest cipher cryptography algorithm and linear prediction coding are applied, respectively. In transmitter, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) signaling is employed to make efficient use of the available channel bandwidth. In the channel, a comprehensive model for short-range shallow water multipath acoustic channel is presented. The mathematical modeling of the multi-path effects is based on the ray tracing and the image method. Also, the attenuations due to wave scatterings at the surface and their bottom reflections are accounted for. In addition, we consider the loss due to the frequency absorption of different materials and the presence of ambient noises such as the sea state noise, shipping noise, thermal noise and turbulences. In the receiver, to overcome the difficulties of inter symbol interference, adaptive equalization using Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) is applied.

A hybrid cryptosystem based on WEP for 802.11 networks

Wireless is the next generation networking technology. The security of such technology is very critical because its physical layer is the electro-magnetic waves that can be easily intercepted by anyone. The original security protocol for 802.11 wireless networks is called WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy). It is a protocol that is based on symmetric-key encryption algorithm RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4). Unfortunately, this protocol had many flaws that made it exposed to many attacks. This paper presents a set of improvements for WEP, which include key management and distribution, and authentication. These improvements convert WEP to a hybrid cryptosystem, a system that is based on both a symmetric-key algorithm and an asymmetric-key algorithm.