Riverside Settlements Research Articles

Contested values and climate change mitigation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Contested values and climate change mitigation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

The typology of settlement in the Deli River side Medan Labuhan Subdistrict

In the city of Medan, population growth is increasing. That affects the Location of settlements in the city. Riverside settlements are a way to divert townspeople to outskirt. It has many problems, caused by natural population growth and migrants (urbanization). Increasing population growth makes settlements a poor quality neighborhood. Without good planning, the settlements become spontaneous settlements and irregular. Medan Labuhan district is a district that has settlements on the river side of Deli. Medan Labuhan Sub-district has a total of 6 urban villages. This study aims to find the typology of residential areas in Deli riverside, Medan Labuhan district and to make the context of settlement concepts in Deli riverside, Medan Labuhan district. The research method used by the qualitative method. They are observation and interviews. Observations were made by observing the topology of residential areas from spontaneous settlements in Medan Labuhan. It will also be made to compare with government policies. This research contributes to knowledge about riverside settlement typology in Medan Labuhan district. This research is also useful for the Medan City Government to be able to make a clearer policy related to the rules of development in the Deli riverside area.

Comparative analysis of medical and dosimetric consequences of the 1957 accident and contamination of the Techa river from the perspective of protective measures efficiency

The paper deals with the evaluation of the efficiency of the implemented protective measures in the event of accidental exposure of the Urals region population due to radioactive contamination of the Techa River and the 1957 accident. Both of the accidents occurred in one and the same region within approximately the same time frame, and were caused by discharges of Mayak Production Association radioactive waste into the Techa River (1949–1956) and into the atmosphere (1957). Counter-measures that had been undertaken to provide radiation safety of the population differed both in nature and in timeline. Their efficiency was insufficient in the Techa River basin as they were delayed in time and were not implemented to a full extent. But countermeasures in the East Urals Radioactive Trace were much more effective according to medical and dosimetric criteria. As a result, residents of the Techa riverside settlements received much higher organ doses, including doses to red bone marrow, and health effects of accidental exposure were registered in them both soon after and long after the radiation exposure.

Green infrastructure pattern of Manggar riverbank as Minapolitan (fishing town) settlement

Manggar Riverbank is one of the high-density settlements with characteristics of wood as the main material. Most residents were worked as fishermen and farmers to support minapolitan (fishing town) activities. The area was located on the edge and surface of the river, linear housing patterns, parallel, and surface the river. The area has been indicated as slum river settlements. The strategy to urban development based on green infrastructure (ecological infrastructure) must be integrated with Balikpapan Spatial Plan (RTRW). Manggar village was established as a traditional protected settlement. Green infrastructure planning should be integrated with the residential space to improve the quality of city and community life. The concept of sust ainable city development needs to balance economic, socio-cultural and environmental development by increasing green infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to analyze the priorities of green infrastructures based on its pattern. The distribution patterns by Geographic Information Systems approach was used as a methodology. The results of the analysis concluded that there were three patterns identified from the distribution of green infrastructure in the village over the Manggar riverbank settlement. Clustered patterns, random patterns, and dispersed patterns are found in all variables with different amounts. Clustered patterns are found in the distribution of vegetation. This result shows that the priority of the Manggar village community readiness in preparing the green infrastructure of settlements is available on vegetation. The clustered vegetation does not show a relationship with fishing activities, but rather tourism activities. Green infrastructure that is dispersed according to the use of fisheries space is lighting and public buildings with random patterns.

Adaptation from Flooring Level of Stilt House in Sustainable Settlement Musi Riverside Palembang

The development of the Musi River edge house was influenced by the role of the river. The form of a house on the banks of the Musi river is a riverbank house and a stilt house. The choice to build a stilt house is inseparable from the land conditions in South Sumatra, which are generally wetlands. The level/height of the stage of the riverbank house is influenced by the condition of the house in the settlement layer, given the higher volume of water due to the denser density of the riverside houses. The high pole of the house is a form of adaptation to the high volume/tide of river water in the rainy season. One form of vernacular architecture on the banks of the Musi River is a sustainable home in the face of climate and weather in Palembang. The house on stilts or pillar houses is a sustainable alternative to the Musi Palembang riverbank community. The purpose of this study was to determine the trend of the adaptation of the stage floor height to the volume of water at the tidal currents of the Palembang Musi River. In achieving this goal, a study was conducted to identify architectural traces, explore activities and ideas of the Musi coastal communities. Data collection is done through field observations, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. Analysis was carried out qualitatively on variables, process characteristics, and products from identification of riverbank settlements. The results show that most of the houses on the banks of the river experience physical changes in buildings, both in terms of functions and building materials. Changes in the constituent elements of the house from wood material to permanent material occurred in most of the stilt houses on the Musi riverside settlement, resulting in riverside houses characterized by land houses.

Rebranding effort for public and private territories in the riverbank settlement of Kampung Tridi Malang

The Kampung Tridi of Malang, located in East Java Indonesia, is one of the residential areas located on the banks of Brantas river. This area used to be a slum settlement with a compact living community that received less maintenance and facilities from the local authority. This paper discusses the results of the rebranding effort of Kampung Tridi as the riverbank residential area as an essential tourist attraction in Malang. Territories are an important part of survival, not only in terms of physical characteristics but also social comfort that can be achieved through house setting, space organization, and wholistic spatial planning. This study uses the content analysis method based on literature studying space territory in residential areas with variables, the stipulation of organization and spatial planning, identity, and agreement in the community or community. The results of this study indicate that the territories of public and private spaces in the Tridi village area after rebranding have changed the boundaries and characteristics of space territory caused by changes in the function of the area as a tourist village. This study informs on the importance of rebranding the slump settlement into a productive and active local tourism product.

Findings of the study of cognitive evoked potentials in persons exposed to radiation

Introduction. After exposure to radiation, an increase in the long-term of cerebrovascular pathology is noted in exposed individuals. Cognitive impairments have a growing importance in the pattern of cerebrovascular diseases which significantly deteriorates social and medical forecast of a patient.The objective of the research is to study cognitive evoked potentials in exposed persons with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI).Materials and methods. Two groups of patients were examined: the main group consisted of 69 persons exposed to radiation as a result of the “Mayak” PA activity, the comparison group included 110 unexposed residents of the Techa riverside settlements who were diagnosed with chronic cerebral ischemia. The following methods were used in the study: clinical, evaluation method of cognitive evoked potentials (EP), and statistical methods.Results. In the course of clinical examination, it was revealed that the number of people with organic cognitive impairment and syndrome of cognitive decline is statistically significantly higher in the group of the exposed persons with CCI (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectfully). It was stated that the studied groups were statistically significantly different in N1 peak latency (ð = 0.030), N2 – P3 inter-peak latency (p = 0.003), N2 – N3 inter-peak latency (p = 0.011).Conclusion. According to the results of clinical examination and study of cognitive EP, cognitive impairments are more expressed in the group of the exposed persons with CCI which is manifested in an increase in the number of patients with syndrome of cognitive decline and organic cognitive impairment in this group; in the change of a latency period of a number of components that characterize both the perception process and the very process of recognition and decision-making.

A study on urban spatial patterns of riverside settlement: a case study of Musi Riverside, Palembang

The riverside settlements in Palembang are located in wetlands in the form of tidal swamps. This natural condition affects the formation of the urban spatial patterns because all local people activities are carried out on swamp land. Studies on the urban spatial patterns of riverside settlements are intended to obtain the consideration in wetland urban spatial planning, especially in Zoning Regulations, as a tool in building permision. The research method was a case study method consisting of field research and questionnaires distributed to the local community. The location took place in three riverside settlements. The analysis used descriptive analysis for field survey result and likert scale measurements for questionnaire result. The analysis showed that the riverside settlements had unique characteristics because most of the people activities took place above the water. The boundaries of neighborhood units were formed by rivers and roads. The patterns of villages and buildings had two orientations: the road and to the river. The urban spatial patterns in riverside settlement consisted of three patterns: linear patterns, grid patterns, cluster patterns and combinations, due to the natural conditions and the limitations of the material used to form the structure of the road. Buildings and roads in the area were made above the water (on stilts structure), and the height of the stilts considered the water level at the highest tide. The results of this study could be used as consideration in determining the design criteria of urban spatial planning in the riverside settlement.

KONSEP PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH TEPIAN SUNGAI DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI BILU KOTA BANJARMASIN

The uncontrolled condition of settlements on the banks of the river city of Banjarmasin has made the settlements of the river banks as slums. Almost all river banks in each kelurahan are categorized as slums so that the actual river banks can be assets of the city of Banjarmasin, on the contrary, it is a bad face for the city. The program and arranging of structural slums in the river bank settlements in Kelurahan Sungai Bilu have indeed been carried out, but basically, they have not been successfully managed completely. Identification of the characteristics of riverbank slum settlements needs to be done to find out the aspects and variables that affect the slum of riverbank settlements to then formulate an appropriate arranging concept and can be implemented in riverbank slum settlements in the study location. Data analysis in identifying the characteristics of riverbank slum settlements is by presenting tabulated data on the results of a statistical questionnaire completed with mapping and field documentation and through narrative exposure. The theory triangulation analysis is used to formulate the concept of arranging suitable riverbank slum settlements and can be carried out at the research location. The results were obtained for the characteristics of slum settlements and the concept of arranging slum areas in the river banks in Kelurahan Sungai Bilu are arranging in aspects of the function and form of residential building mass, arranging environmental infrastructure, arranging environmental utility systems, arranging public and social facilities, and arranging on non-physical aspects.

Functional Changes of Under Stilt Houseas an Effort of Adaptation and Adjustment in Settlement

The development and change of stilt house on the Musi riverside are influenced by river geography. Model houses on the banks of the river Musi in the form of houses on stilts. The effort to build a stilts houseis inseparable from the condition of the Musi river, which is generally in the form of wetlands, so that housing is needed that can adapt to the water environment. In the initial conditions of settlements, under the riverfront house stage functioned as allowing air to move so as to minimize the humidity that is under the stage. With the current settlement conditions, people make adjustments or change the settlement environment as a form of adaptation to the tidal Musiriver. Stilt houses are an alternative place to stay that continues in the Palembang river community in dealing with climate and weather. This study aims to determine the tendency of morphological changes in the development of space under the stilt house. In achieving the objectives of the study carried out to identify architectural models, explore the activities of community settlements on the banks of the Musiriver. Data collection is done through field observations, literature studies, and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively on the variable elements of the building, with identification of riverfront stilt house models. The results show that the house on the river bank has experienced physical changes in the model house on stilts, both in terms of function and building materials. Changes in the physical elements of houses from wood to fabrication occurred in some of the stilt houses on the banks of the river Musi, resulting in river bank settlements dominated by brick or terrestrial houses.

Contested riverscapes in Jakarta: flooding, forced eviction and urban image

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the ways that intersecting desires to control flooding, evict informal settlements and build a modern global city play out in Jakarta. We explore resistance to eviction in two riverbank settlements: in one case playing by the formal rules led to a legal win but a loss of livelihood; the more successful case was self-organized and involved multiple tactics including partial self-demolition, media engagement and a re-branding of the kampung. We demonstrate the ways assemblage thinking can contribute understanding of the intersection of formal and informal practices, along with the struggles of the urban poor to resist eviction and maintain livelihoods.

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE OF RIVERSIDE SETTLEMENTS IN BANJARMASIN CITY

Riverside settlements in Banjarmasin City can be classified as a part of vernacular architecture, this classification was made by the initial researchers. This classification underlying the research about architecture style in one of the riverside settlements in Banjarmasin City which still has strong riverside culture, the focus point of this research is at the riverside settlements of Bromo Island Delta, Mantuil, Banjar Selatan subdistrict, Banjarmasin City. The determination of this assessments refers to vernacular architecture style using a qualitative research method and purposive sampling technique. From 25 samples, we found 2 styles of architecture on the riverside settlements in Bromo Island Delta. They are vernacular architecture and semi vernacular architecture style. Addition of space function, the change of foundation structure and material, economy and community knowledge about recent technology are the development factors of vernacular houses changes into semi vernacular houses. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/lw.v11i2.2961

Citizen-government negotiation: Cases of in riverside informal settlements at flood risk

Residents of urban informal riverside settlements are regularly threatened by floods and simultaneously are facing potential eviction, particularly in multi-hazard prone cities in developing countries in Asia. Governments usually choose relocation as a preventive measure due to the high exposure of riverside communities whereas ignoring the repercussions on the resident's socio-economic conditions of these dramatical changes. However, residents, despite the vulnerabilities, aim to remain in their original homes and to pursue possibilities to negotiate with the governments and ideally achieve fair alternatives for reducing the flood risk and change the negative public image of their communities. This study explores three scenarios of which resulted in failure, success and uncertain outcomes and exposes the governance challenges for a fair citizen-government negotiation.

Physical upgrading plan for slum riverside settlement in traditional area: A case study in Kuin Utara, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

This study aims to draw basic and global concepts for the physical improvement of slum riverside settlements as a fundamental step toward formalizing and securing tenure. Moreover, this work specifies attempts to arrange an upgrading plan derived from the basic strategy for our target location in the traditional settlement of Kuin Utara without failing to recognize its uniqueness and cultural activities.This paper discloses that the basic concept for physical upgrading in a slum settlement consists of three elements: (1) arranging street networks as fundamental systems that structure the settlement, (2) constructing public utility systems that are essential for livelihoods, and (3) providing common space and amenities as “external organs” that form identities and reveal the physical beauty of the location.The proposed infrastructures shall be directed to protect the local cultures and sociocultural activities of the inhabitants. The plan should also be adjusted with respect to the economic constraints in developing countries. Moreover, the improvement strategy for poor housings shall not orientate to modernization merely for beautification without considering the basic aspect: maintaining the dweller's livelihood.

PENERAPAN PERATURAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PARAMETRIK PADA BANGUNAN DAN LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN KAMPUNG SILIWANGI BANDUNG

The city of Bandung had a rapid development. The growth and development process of the city is largely determined by the strategy of the government itself. Therefore, the government regulates the direction of urban growth through the formation of regulations. However, the current condition of regulations and arrangement of development are quite worrying. The process applied is not in line with regulations, the quality of the environment decreases because of the illegally grown land use of settlements Covenience in an area is also closely related to the conditions of nature environment. Like the existence of Cikapundung river which is no longer considered. It can be seen in riverside housing that increasingly wild and growing organically. The purpose of this study is to identify the physical arrangement of the environment and buildings in the Cikapundung riverside settlement Bandung and its influence on the application of regulations. The method used is 1) A quantitative approach at the stage of data collection and analysis with parametric simulation technique modeling, using Rhinoceros Grasshopper software; 2) A qualitative approach in forming conclusions relating to the prediction of the building mass compared to the existing conditions. Analysis was carried out based on applicable regulatory studies including Building Coverage Ratio (BCR), Floor Average Ratio (FAR), and River Border Line, then applied to the simulation of building shapes, and identified behavior of the inhabitants. This research is expected to be a guide to the strategy of planning, structuring, and developing architcture especially the building form in riverside settlements.
 
 Keywords : Building Regulations, Parametric Simulation, Riverside, Settlement

Residents’ self-initiatives for flood adaptation in informal riverbank settlements of Kathmandu

Residents of informal settlements in Kathmandu, mainly those located in highly vulnerable areas such as riverbanks, are periodically threatened by floods during monsoon seasons. Informal dwellers also face exclusion from urban development policies which ignores the possibilities of adequate living conditions and a safe environment for them. Therefore, residents of riverbank settlements rely on self-help initiatives for the protection of their families. This paper examines household characteristics and socioeconomic parameters of riverbank informal settlers in Kathmandu and investigates how they perceive these factors influence their self-initiated flood adaptation. This paper is based on 40 door-to-door semi-structured interviews of the residents of three riverbank informal settlements located along the Bagmati river in Kathmandu. The findings based on residents' perceptions show complex relationships of self-adaptive behaviour with socioeconomic elements and household characteristics. The understanding of these complexities is beneficial in undertaking inclusive disaster management initiatives by governments to address the struggles of informal settlers ‘at risk’.

Forced evictions, spatial (un)certainties and the making of exemplary centres in Indonesia

This article considers the relationship between forced evictions and the ‘exemplary centre’ through an examination of three urban waterfront sites in Indonesia in comparative perspective. How is the notion of the ‘exemplary centre’ related to forced evictions and the aspirations of marginalised populations in contemporary cities of Indonesia? What are the chances of asserting alternative ideologies when a capital‐centric and modernist vision of the city as ‘exemplary centre’ dominates official planning paradigms? Competing visions of the ‘exemplary centre’ arise from distinct centres of power, from the state level to the grassroots community level; however, the dominant state vision of urban space is often internalised by those most at risk of displacement by modernist projects. Strategies to thwart forced evictions in riverbank settlements in Jakarta, Solo, and Surabaya offer alternative imaginings of the ‘exemplary centre’ – imaginings that enable the urban poor to visualise their hopes and to overcome the spatial uncertainties that characterise their everyday lives. While these efforts indicate resistance to marginalisation, they also provide a distinct kind of ‘exemplary’ vision based on residents’ own understanding of ideal city living. Concurrently, some alignment to existing ‘exemplary centre’ narratives is traceable in the effort to assert these alternatives.

Utilization of residual space on Ciliwung riverbank

The need for space within the city is increasing. The city itself has residual spaces that are considered non-functional. Supported by factors such as the need for space and an attachment to the space itself, residual space has the possibility to be appropriated (taken over) by the city dwellers. One of residual spaces within the city is an unused riverfront. The city of Jakarta is bypassed by the Ciliwung River. In the Dutch colonial era, there was an increase of immigrants consisting of laborers and hired workers who needed shelter, resulting in slums or river-side settlements, as the river are the only source of clean water for villages that do not have adequate facilities. The Ciliwung River was then used as a sewer, which prompted the government to erect fences on the banks of the Ciliwung River, creating residual spaces on the banks of the Ciliwung River. Although the river is viewed as residual space for other city dwellers, a section of Ciliwung is appropriated by a number of villagers in the Cikini area. By observing the appropriation activity as an alteration resulting in the transformation of a residual space, it will show the potential of the residual space itself and the emergence of functionality in the residual space

Placemaking In Yogyakarta Riverside Settlements, Indonesia: Problems and Prospects

Placemaking phenomena in the riverside settlement ofYogyakarta, Indonesia has been created on the independence land. Thispaper discuss the process of their activities: what, where and how do theactivities taking place, by whom, when did they do. These are potentiallyhave some problems, so that it needs the strategy to anticipate. By usingthe research result funded by Directorate of Higher Education Republic ofIndonesia, and updated by self research funded, the activities werecategorized and discriptively analysed. Author have found the placemakingcriteria achievement in terms of domestic, and recreational activities. Theirproblems are in terms of illegality, unsafety, and unhealthy conditions. Theprospects are in terms of social, economic, and tourism creations whichpromote strong sense of community, encourage social interaction, incomegeneration, promote sustainability, and attract a strong labour force. On theother hand, it should be developed and managed by regulation, andadvocacy to minimize risks.

Optimizing Design Layout of a Riverside Residential Settlement in terms of the Thermal Comfort

The thermal comfort of a riverside residential settlement differs from a non-riverside residential one, which might be caused by a microclimatic difference. Inducing wind from a river to cross the whole riverside residential settlement could improve the outdoor thermal comfort significantly. Such knowledge triggers a study of utilizing river wind to enhance thermal comfort to a riverside residential settlement in southern China. The study explores various possible layouts of a riverside residential settlement using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations. The thermal comfort index OUT_SET* (the Standard Effective Temperature) that combines effects of air temperature, radiation, wind velocity, and the water evaporation, has been used to evaluate thermal comfort of various riverside residential settlements due to different design layouts. The result showed that the loose enclosed layout is the best one for the thermal comfort whereas the back and front aligned determinant layout is the worst. In order to apply the results into a real world, a case study has been made to the Shenzhen Nan Hua Cun. The thermal environment of this Chinese southern riverside residential settlement has been researched. According to thermal problems revealed by CFD simulation, an optimization design layout was proposed by applying the study results. Eventually, the thermal comfort between the current situation and the optimization design has been compared.