Risk Of Occupational Diseases Research Articles

Knowledge, awareness and compliance among dental professionals regarding percutaneous exposure incidents as occupational hazard

AbstractPercutaneous injuries constitute one of the most common occupational health hazards in healthcare profession. Dental professionals are at more risk of acquiring these injuries due to their limited and restricted working area in mouth. This was a cross-sectional study done among dental professionals in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka state India to access Knowledge awareness and compliance among dental professionals regarding percutaneous exposure incidents. This study concludes that Dental professionals are at a high risk of occupational disease due to accidental exposure to infected blood and body fluids. for which appropriate measures not taken after one such exposure There is a need of clearing the present misconceptions through educational training programs early in the study period and providing facilities for reporting, documenting, supportive and proper guidelines regarding percutaneous injuries in work place for healthy community.

Analysis of Nurse’s Occupational Health in Managing Patients in Benyamin Guluh Hospital Kolaka Regency

Introduction: Occupational health and safety are a system designed to ensure a good safety and health in the workplace. Nurses have a higher risk of accidents and occupational diseases due to managing patients The goal of analyze the relationship or the influence of predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors, and the concept of core and care in nurses’ safety and occupational health issue nurs in managing patient. Methods: Type of study is explanatory research using cross sectional design. Proportional random was chosen by consecutive sampling technique amounted to 100 respondents based on criteria. The variables measured were predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and values), reinforcing factor (officers who became a role model), enabling factors (facilities, rules/regulation), core-care (interpersonal, concern), as well as safety and occupational health. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Result and Analysis: Predisposing factors affecting safety and occupational health, value by t-count of 2.82 > t-table of 1.96. Reinforcing factors do not significantly affect occupational health and safety by t-count of 1.098 < t-table of 1.96. Enabling factors affecting occupational health and safety by t-count of 2.39 > t-table of 1. Factors of core and care factors affecting nurses’ safety and occupational health in managing patients in Benyamin Guluh Hospital, Kolaka Regency have t-count of 1.963 > t-table of 1.96. Discussion and Conclusion: Development of behavioral and nursing theories to nurses’ occupational health and safety showed R-square value of 39.5%. The new model structure are: predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and values), enabling factors (facilities, rules / regulation), core (interpersonal relationships) and care (concern).Keywords: occupational health, behavior, nursing

Analysis of Nurse’s Occupational Health in Managing Patients in Benyamin Guluh Hospital Kolaka Regency

Introduction: Occupational health and safety are a system designed to ensure a good safety and health in the workplace. Nurses have a higher risk of accidents and occupational diseases due to managing patients The goal of analyze the relationship or the influence of predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors, and the concept of core and care in nurses’ safety and occupational health issue nurs in managing patient. Methods: Type of study is explanatory research using cross sectional design. Proportional random was chosen by consecutive sampling technique amounted to 100 respondents based on criteria. The variables measured were predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and values), reinforcing factor (officers who became a role model), enabling factors (facilities, rules/regulation), core-care (interpersonal, concern), as well as safety and occupational health. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Result and Analysis: Predisposing factors affecting safety and occupational health, value by t-count of 2.82 > t-table of 1.96. Reinforcing factors do not significantly affect occupational health and safety by t-count of 1.098 < t-table of 1.96. Enabling factors affecting occupational health and safety by t-count of 2.39 > t-table of 1. Factors of core and care factors affecting nurses’ safety and occupational health in managing patients in Benyamin Guluh Hospital, Kolaka Regency have t-count of 1.963 > t-table of 1.96. Discussion and Conclusion: Development of behavioral and nursing theories to nurses’ occupational health and safety showed R-square value of 39.5%. The new model structure are: predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and values), enabling factors (facilities, rules / regulation), core (interpersonal relationships) and care (concern).

METHODOLOGY PROFESSIONALLY-APPLIED PHYSICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE DENTISTS

The article presents the content of a technique professio-nal-applied physical preparation of dental students on the basis of precise movement, under static and dynamic nature of the work by hand. The basis of the exercise methods laid accounting features of professional work of practicing dentists from the perspective of spatial and dynamic characteristics of the motor action, ergonomic working postures, the presence of local muscle fatigue and analysis of the risk of occupational diseases. Presented exercise techniques are classified on the basis of the focus based on the degree of involvement of muscle groups, as well as the nature of muscular activity. Identified and ranked medical manipulations requiring display of precision hand movements. The results of the testing, which show improved spatial accuracy of arm movements and 10% accuracy rates of movement when using the professional tools by 18%.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS ARISING DURING MINING AND PROCESSING OF APATITE ORES IN KOLA HIGH NORTH

Despite the ongoing modernization processes, mining and chemical industry workers in the Kola High North continue to be exposed to an increased risk of various health disorders. The aim of the study was to examine the nature and the risks of occupational diseases (OD) and industrial accidents (IA) arising from the use of modern technologies of extraction and processing of apatite-nepheline ores. It has been found that in the OD structure, there dominated musculoskeletal (43.5 cases per 10,000 workers) and nervous (19.0) diseases, as well as hearing loss (17.3). In comparison with other workers, OD were most often (1.39-4.81 times) observed in underground miners. Also, IA cases were more frequently recorded in this group of workers, including fatalities. Thus, our studies have shown that modern methods of extraction of apatite-nepheline ore in the Kola Polar region retained an increased risk of occupational diseases and injuries, especially among underground miners. This causes the need to improve technical and medical interventions for prevention of health problems in this group of workers.

Migration and occupational health: high work-related burden

Abstract Migrants are at a higher risk for occupational accidents, occupational diseases, short-term disability and early retirement than employees of the majority population. This is particularly the case for individuals of Turkish origin. Measures of prevention and health promotion that are sensitive to the needs of migrants need to be implemented in companies and the health care system to improve occupational health and to address consequences resulting from a higher work-related burden in this population group.

PREDICTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES RISK AMONG ASSEMBLERS OF VESSEL METAL HULLS OF MACHINE BUILDING PLANT

In the article, there have been presented the results of the occupational diseases risk prediction in assemblers of vessel metal hulls (VMH) of the Northern Region Machine Building Plant. Assessment of the VMH assemblers working conditions has been made on the ground of the materials of the assessment of workplaces and sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the working conditions composed for the patients suspected of having occupational diseases according to Guidance Р 2.2.2006-05. The occupational diseases risk has been predicted on the ground of the hygienic criteria of assessment of working conditions, as well as the regulatory and methodical documents approved in the established procedure. It has been determined that according to the harmful factors impact stated in Guidance Р 2.2.2006-05, the VMH assemblers working conditions were referred to hazard classes 3.2 and 3.3 described by high antecedent risk of occupational diseases in the period of working activity, what was confirmed by the long-term average annual levels of occupational morbidity that significantly (p

Occupational risk management in construction supply chain

The building is historically a driver of the economy, creating thousands of direct and indirect jobs, moving a huge chain of suppliers of raw materials, supplies and services, besides building a country's infrastructure and the homes of millions of people. But working conditions in this sector that is so important to the country are not the best, exposing workers to risks of work accidents and occupational diseases. Therefore, this study sought to present the main occupational hazards in the construction industry, discussing alternatives for effective risk management by reducing the rates of accidents and illness among workers. In this research, case studies were done in small and medium–sized construction sector facing the residential construction market. It was also proposed solutions for the implementation of risk management and occupational health and safety for businesses to succeed and lower the rates of accidents at work, health and safety, and quality of work life in these companies.

Occupational Hazards in Veterinarians: An Updating

Background: The veterinarian is a complex and varied work: risks in veterinary activity show are more typical of manual work than medical profession. Many reviews analyzed occupational risks related to veterinarians, but compared to the past current risks are more different. This review analyzes veterinary profession considering main occupational risk factors, as defined by World Health Organization: physical, chemical, biological or other agents that may cause harm to an exposed person in the workplace and is potentially modifiable. Methods: Publications investigating physical, chemical, biological, cancer and stress risk as well as effects associated with these exposures through veterinary practice were searched in the PubMed and Web of Science database. Publications were judged to be covered in the review when the following inclusion criteria applied: Articles should be published in the English language; Articles published after 2000; Studies reporting some numerical data about exposures and subjects considered; Studies concerning health effects regarding only veterinarians associated with exposure to animals, not general population. Results: Compared to the past, when the main risk of occupational disease was represented by zoonosis (in particular mycotic infections, mange, swine erysipelas, anthrax and tuberculosis), current risks are also represented by new entities such as mental and physical stress. However injuries, radiations, chemicals, zoonosis and allergies continue to represent a considerable portion of professional risks. Conclusions: Zoonosis, injuries and trauma remain the main occupational risk for veterinarians today, but new emerging risks, such as psychological risks are becoming increasingly important for these workers.

Occupational skin diseases in hairdressing apprentices - has anything changed?

Hairdressers are at risk for occupational skin diseases. Since 2008, an educational programme has been conducted in Danish hairdressing schools to prevent occupational skin diseases. Its effect is unknown. To examine the current frequency of self-reported hand eczema and contact urticaria in Danish hairdressing apprentices as compared with controls, and to determine the occurrence of hand eczema and contact urticaria in hairdressing apprentices with different durations of exposure to the trade. This was a cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire study conducted among 504 hairdressing apprentices and a control group of 1400 adolescents from the general population. Hand eczema was significantly more prevalent in the hairdressing apprentices than in controls (34.5% versus 18.8%, p < 0.001). The incidence rate of hand eczema among hairdressing apprentices was 98 cases/1000 person-years. Contact urticaria was also more prevalent in the hairdressing apprentices (7.3% versus 4.2%, p = 0.006). Both diseases increased with increasing duration of exposure to the trade. Despite educational efforts to prevent occupational skin diseases in the hairdressing schools, Danish apprentices are still at increased risk for hand eczema and contact urticaria. Both diseases develop after only a few years of work in hairdressing. Further preventive strategies are warranted.

Prevention among migrants--problems in health care provision and suggested solutions illustrated for the field of medical rehabilitation

In Germany, 16 million people have a migration background. As compared to the majority population, they have higher prevalences of some chronic diseases and are at a higher risk of occupational accidents, occupational diseases and retirement due to disability. Preventive health care services, therefore, are of high relevance in this population group. As a result of barriers to health care access and effectiveness, people with a migration background, however, benefit less from preventive services than the majority population. This is particularly the case for rehabilitation. In order to improve preventive health care for people with a migration background sustainably, current health care services must become sensitive to the needs of this population group. Diversity management can contribute to this process.

Risks of a lifetime in construction. Part II: Chronic occupational diseases.

We developed working-life estimates of risk for dust-related occupational lung disease, COPD, and hearing loss based on the experience of the Building Trades National Medical Screening Program in order to (1) demonstrate the value of estimates of lifetime risk, and (2) make lifetime risk estimates for common conditions among construction workers. Estimates of lifetime risk were performed based on 12,742 radiographic evaluations, 12,679 spirometry tests, and 11,793 audiograms. Over a 45-year working life, 16% of construction workers developed COPD, 11% developed parenchymal radiological abnormality, and 73.8% developed hearing loss. The risk for occupationally related disease over a lifetime in a construction trade was 2-6 times greater than the risk in non-construction workers. When compared with estimates from annualized cross-sectional data, lifetime risk estimates are highly useful for risk expression, and should help to inform stakeholders in the construction industry as well as policy-makers about magnitudes of risk.

Diagnóstico das condições de saúde e segurança do trabalho

The aim of this work is to propose actions that enable the improvement of health and safety of a civil construction company in the city of Vila Velha - ES, reducing the risks of accidents and occupational diseases. Initially, we performed a literature research, followed by a case study on the construction site of this company. We used a checklist to collect data on the construction site, where it was possible to identify the situation in which this plot was in respect to the requirements of the regulations concerning health and safety in construction. It was found that irregularities were found in compliance with RN-18 and other Complementary Regulatory Standards. However, the causes of the disagreements are more managerial in nature and culture of the employees than the rigor of the requirements of the Standards. It was concluded that it is possible to im-prove compliance with the requirements of the Standards in this company, contributing to the promotion of environments conducive to health and well being.

Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries and diseases among migrant and native workers in South Korea.

Migrant workers now represent an increasing percentage of workers in Korea, but few studies have evaluated work-related health risks in this population. In this study, we explored the relative risk of occupational injuries and diseases in migrant workers compared with native Korean workers. An analysis of work-related injuries and diseases among migrant workers in Korea during 2005-2007 was conducted in each industrial subsector using nationwide data. Risks of fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries for migrant workers were considerably higher than their Korean counterparts. The industry-adjusted standard mortality ratios of fatal occupational injuries were 1.89 (1.45-2.47), 2.29 (1.81-2.88), and 1.73 (1.36-2.22) for 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. A greater proportion of migrant workers is exposed to higher risks of occupational safety and health issues than their Korean counterparts, demonstrating that the occupational safety and health of migrant workers requires more attention than that of Korean workers.

Work‐related spirometric restriction in flavoring manufacturing workers

Flavoring-exposed workers are at risk for occupational lung disease. We examined serial spirometries from corporate medical surveillance of flavoring production workers to assess abnormality compared to the U.S. population; mean decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC); and excessive declines in FEV1. Of 106 workers, 30 had spirometric restriction, 3 had obstruction, 1 had both, and 13 (of 70, 19%) had excessive declines in FEV1. The adjusted prevalence of restriction was 3.7 times expected. Employees with higher potential for flavorings exposure had 3.0 times and 2.4 times greater average annual declines in FEV1 and FVC respectively, and had 5.8 times higher odds of having excessive FEV1 declines than employees with lower potential for exposure. Exposure-related spirometric abnormalities consistent with a restrictive process evolved during employment, suggesting that exposures in flavoring production are associated with a range of pathophysiology.

Characteristics of and Risk Factors for Compensated Occupational Injury and Disease Claims in Dairy Farmers: A Case-Control Study

Research indicates that dairy farmers have an elevated risk of work-related adverse health outcomes. This case-control study evaluated the characteristics of and risk factors for compensated occupational injury and disease claims among Finnish dairy farmers. The cases consisted of 19 farm couples in which both spouses had a history of multiple claims. There were 283 claims in total, a rate of 26.6 claims per 100 person-years. The controls consisted of 12 couples in which neither spouse had compensated or rejected claims during their work history as insured farmers. A combined mail/telephone survey charted potential risk factors for compensated claims. These claims frequently involved work tasks and causes related to animal husbandry. Cattle were the most common cause for injuries in general and for serious injuries in particular. Gender differences in farm work and claims were observed. Using logistic regression analyses, we identified personal and work-related risk factors including long work history, small-scale dairy farm operation, and conventional stanchion barn for dairy cattle. Outdated working conditions, while not statistically significant, were positively associated with claims as well. Declined current work ability and musculoskeletal or respiratory conditions were significantly associated with claims where each of these outcomes may contribute to the other. Identified factors could be used to select subgroups of dairy farmers with either elevated or reduced risk of claims. Prevention of adverse health outcomes could be most effective when targeted to farmers at highest risk of occupational injury and disease.

Workplace injustice and self‐reported disease and absenteeism in South Korea

This study investigated whether experience of workplace injustice was associated with self-reported occupational health using a nationally representative sample of Korean workers. We used the first wave of the Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) and included 7,007 wage employees as the study population. Workplace injustice included the experience of discrimination, violence, or harassment, and occupational health was measured as self-reported health problems and absenteeism. Personal, occupational, and job-related characteristics were included as covariates. An average of 7.2% of workers reported experiencing at least one workplace injustice over the past 12 months. Female workers were significantly more likely to experience age and gender discrimination, and unwanted sexual attention than male workers. Both male and female workers who experienced any workplace injustice (i.e., discrimination, harassment, or violence) reported approximately two- to threefold increased risk for physical and mental health problems (i.e., backaches, muscular pain, stomach pain, overall fatigue, headaches, anxiety/depression, sleeping problems, and injury) and absenteeism due to accidents or due to health problems. Perceived injustice at work was significantly associated with an increased risk of occupational disease and absenteeism for Korean wage employees.

Distribution and characteristics of occupational injuries and diseases among farmers: A retrospective analysis of workers' compensation claims

Research indicates occupational injuries and diseases are not evenly distributed among workers. We investigated the distribution and characteristics of compensated occupational injuries and diseases requiring medical care in the Finnish farming population. The study population consisted of 93,564 Finnish farmers, spouses, and salaried family members who were covered by the mandatory workers' compensation insurance in 2002. This population had a total of 133,207 occupational injuries and 9,148 occupational diseases over a 26-year period (1982-2008). Clustering of claims was observed. Nearly half (47.1%) of the population had no compensated claims while 52.9% had at least one; 50.9% of farmers had one or more injuries and 8.1% had one or more diseases. Ten percent of the population had half of injury cases, and 3% of the population had half of occupational disease cases. Claims frequently involved work tasks related to animal husbandry and repair and maintenance of farm machinery. Injury and disease characteristics (work activity, cause, ICD-10 code) differed between individuals with high and low personal claim rate. Injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system had a tendency to reoccur among those with high claim rate. These outcomes were often related to strenuous working motions and postures in labor-intensive animal husbandry. Analyses of longitudinal insurance data contributes to better understanding of the long-term risk of occupational injury and disease among farmers. We suggest focusing on recurrent health outcomes and their causes among high risk populations could help design more effective interventions in agriculture and other industries.

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AMONG WORKERS EMPLOYED IN VARIOUS BRANCHES OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The purpose is to present the incidence of occupational diseases and their causal factors in the sections and divisions of the national economy in Poland. The analysis is based on the cases of occupational diseases obligatorily reported in 2009-2011 from all over the country to the Central Register of Occupational Diseases. Data is presented as absolute numbers and average annual incidence rates per 100 000 persons employed in NACE-classified sections and divisions. 'lhe average annual incidence of occupational diseases was 20.6 cases per 100 000 of employed people. The highest rates were recorded in mining and quarrying (337.8), the production of metals (169.8), non-metallic mineral products (81.6), motor vehicles and transport equipment (59.7), chemicals (30.1). Specific situation in which high incidence rate is due to a single discase prevails in forestry, where tick-borne diseases represent 96.3% of all recorded cases, in education, where chronic voice disorders account for 96.5% of cases, and in human health and social work activities, where infectious diseases with the dominant hepatitis C represent 68.2% of the cases. Tlhe most common causes of occupational diseases in sections and industrial divisions with the highest incidence included: industrial dust, noise and vibration. In the manufacturing industry asbestos was the cause of 20.5% of occupational diseases and 55% of occupational cancers. Careful monitoring of working conditions and implementing health prevention programs should be exercised in sections and divisions of the national economy where a high risk of occupational diseases has been found.

Occupational skin hazards and prevalence of occupational skin diseases in shoe manufacturing workers in Indonesia

Shoe manufacturing workers are exposed daily to an extensive range of potential physical and chemical occupational hazards. Shoe manufacturing in Indonesia is one of the industrial sectors that has shown sustained growth amongst the newly industrialized countries (NICs). In this study, we investigated the possible potential exposure of the workers to physical and occupational hazards and determined the prevalence of occupational skin diseases at a shoe manufacturing factory in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study on the observation of the working process and an inventory and risk assessment of exposure to the chemicals used. Classification of chemicals as potential sensitizers/irritants and qualitative assessments of these chemicals were done. Workers were examined and interviewed using the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002/LONG. The risk of Occupational skin diseases (OSD) at the shoe factory was mainly related to the exposure of the workers' skin to potential physical and chemical hazards in hot and humid environmental conditions. From a total of 514 workers, 8.5 % reported current OSD and 4.8 % reported a history of OSD. Occupational skin diseases were diagnosed in 29 % of the workers by dermatologists and 7.6 % had an occupational contact dermatitis (OCD). Of the 39 workers with contact dermatitis, 33 consented to being patch tested, 14 (3 %) workers showed a positive results and considered as having an occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) and 25 (4.9 %) had an occupational irritant contact dermatitis (OICD). We observed a repeated and prolonged exposure of the workers to numerous physical and chemical skin hazards at this factory.