Pressure Ulcer Risk Research Articles

PENERAPAN METODE PENCEGAHAN LUKA DECUBITUS PADA PASIEN BEDREST TOTAL MELALUI PERAWATAN KULIT DENGAN NIGELLA SATIVA OIL DI RSUD K.R.M.T. WONGSONEGORO KOTA SEMARANG

Pressure ulcer is local injury of skin of subtexture it, generally at bump of bone, the effect of pressure or pressure combination with friction or seraping. To preventing the risk of pressure ulcer at total bedrest patient need to treatmen of skin by Nigella Sativa Oil. The purpose of this case study is to be analyze of application by prevention of pressure ulcer pressure sores method at total bedrest patient. The type of this research is descriptive with method of the case study. The subject of this research use two patient who is sustain of total bedrest more than 3 eith enteria for assesment result by Norton 14 scale less than 14 which it is categorized risk of everage pressure ulcer. The result of this research can be conclude at subject I from 10 Norton scale to 13 scale, at subject II from 13 Norton scale to 16 scale. So, at the time from it review with high severe of injury to use the Design from every the category that obtains the result 0 which it means not happens pressure ulcer injury by both of subject. The nurse must be applies by Nigella Sativa Oil therapy at total bedrest patient to can prevent of pressure ulcer risk.

Spasticity and dementia increase the risk of pressure ulcers.

The aim of this study was to identify and characterise the association between the prevalence of pressure ulcers, spasticity levels, and advanced dementia in disable elderly patients. Data were obtained from the patient medical files. Patients were hospitalised in the geriatric skilled nursing department. A total of 40 frail elderly patients, bedbound and suffering from advanced chronic diseases, advanced dementia, and high-grade pressure ulcers, were examined. Pressure ulcer grades and spasticity in advanced dementia versus non-dementia patients were evaluated. Logistic regression indicated that only advanced dementia and spasticity were significantly associated with the development of pressure ulcers versus those without dementia or without spasticity. Patients with advanced dementia displayed a significantly higher prevalence of severe spasticity. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, spasticity was significantly associated with pressure ulcers. The strong association of spasticity with the onset of pressure ulcers in advanced dementia should encourage clinicians to implement preventative measures to delay the onset of pressure ulcers.

Pressure Ulcer Prevalence by Level of Paralysis in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury in Long-term Care.

Scientific literature suggests pressure ulcer (PU) risk increases as immobility increases, indicating that more extensive paralysis confers a greater risk of PU. Yet the specific level of paralysis (ie, hemiplegia vs paraplegia vs quadriplegia), apart from neurodegenerative diagnoses, has never been examined in the long-term care (LTC) population. This study examined the prevalence of PU among LTC residents with different paralysis levels. The authors conducted a secondary data analysis of the 2012 US Minimum Data Set of LTC facilities (n = 51,664 residents). Measures included PU stage, level of paralysis, functional impairments, comorbidities, and sociodemographic factors. After removing residents with neurodegenerative disease, comatose patients, and those with hip fractures from the analysis, logistic regressions were used to examine the association of risk factors and sociodemographic characteristics with the presence of PU. The sample included 7,540 patients with quadriplegia, 11,614 patients with paraplegia, and 32,510 patients with hemiplegia in LTC facilities. The PU prevalence in the sample (stages 2, 3, and 4; suspected deep-tissue injury; and unstageable PUs) was 33.9% for patients with quadriplegia, 47.4% for patients with paraplegia, and 9.6% for patients with hemiplegia. Within paralysis groups (quadriplegic, paraplegic, hemiplegic), risk factors for PU differed in type and magnitude. The PU rates associated with quadriplegia and paraplegia are much higher than LTC residents without paralysis, and PU prevalence for hemiplegia is similar to the rate in LTC residents without paralysis. When the risk factor of paraplegia versus quadriplegia was isolated, PU prevalence for patients with paraplegia was significantly higher.

Developing risk-adjusted quality indicators for pressure ulcers in long-term care hospitals in the Republic of Korea.

Pressure ulcers result in financial losses, including the cost of unnecessary medical expenses because of extended hospital stays, treatment, and examination. This was a retrospective, observational, methodological study to develop quality indicators related to pressure ulcer development and validate risk adjustment factors for pressure ulcer development. We performed a literature review to develop risk adjustment factors, and an expert group performed a content validity test. To validate risk adjustment factors for pressure ulcer development using electronic medical records, 127 patients admitted to a long-term care hospital in South Korea from June to September 2015 were enrolled in the study. Pressure ulcer risk factors were peripheral vascular disease, end-stage disease, past pressure ulcer history, high risk group for pressure ulcer development, fever, haemoglobin, and albumin (all P < 0.05); only albumin (odds ratio: 0.210, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with pressure ulcer development as an independent risk factor. Further research with a large sample size is needed for the validation of risk adjustment factors. Risk-adjusted quality indicators for pressure ulcer development can be used to evaluate the quality of nursing care and compare outcomes after preventive pressure ulcer care activities or between long-term care hospitals.

A Descriptive Study of Turkish Intensive Care Nurses’ Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceived Barriers to Care

This descriptive study was conducted among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in 6 hospitals in Turkey to identify their PU prevention knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of barriers to care. The study was conducted between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2017, using supervised self-reporting, among nurses working in the ICUs of 3 education and research hospitals, 2 university hospitals, and a private hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Three (3) data collection instruments were used: a participant sociodemographic data collection form, the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument (range 0-26, where higher scores indicate more knowledge), and the Attitude Towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention Instrument (range 13-52; a higher score implies a more positive attitude). Frequencies, t tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Participants (N = 390) were mostly women (339; 86.9%) who had a bachelor's degree (283; 72.6%). The mean knowledge score was 11.54 ± 2.91, and the mean attitude score was 42.96 ± 4.06. The most commonly cited barriers to PU prevention were insufficient staff levels (85.6%) and pressure redistribution materials and equipment (82.6%). Regression analysis of attitude scores showed the following variables affected nurses' attitude toward PU prevention: self-sufficiency in PU risk assessment (β = 0.28), willingness to learn more about preventing PU (β = -0.15), gender (β = -0.15), and knowledge score (β = 0.14). ICU nurses were found to have a low levels of knowledge but positive attitudes toward PU prevention. Policies and procedures should be developed to increase ICU nurse knowledge levels and remove barriers to optimal PU prevention practices.

Spinal cord function status and risk factors of pressure injury in patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: a correlation study

Objective To explore the correlation between spinal cord function and the risk of pressure injury in patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) . Methods A total of 65 patients with SDAVF treated in Neurosurgery Department in Xuanwu Hospital between March 2013 and December 2016 was carried out. The Modified Aminoff-Logue Score (mALS) and Braden pressure Ulcer Risk Factor Assessment Scale were used to evaluated the spinal cord and the risk of pressure ulcers of the patients with SADVF. Spearman was used to analyze the correlation. Results The Preoperative mALS was (5.15±2.62) , and the Braden score was (20.88±2.09) . The postoperative Braden score was (17.25±1.61) , The result of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the total score of preoperative mALS was negatively correlated with the total score of Braden (r=-0.597, P<0.01) . Conclusions Preoperative spinal cord function was slightly impaired in patients with SDAVF. The risk of postoperative pressure injury decreased when patients have better spinal cord function. The risk of pressure injury after operation is higher than that before operation. Key words: Pressure ulcer; Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula; Spinal function; Pressure sores; Correlation analysis

Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers.

Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers.

The value of transcutaneous oxygen pressure/transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure monitoring in early warning of the observing patients in emergency department

Objective To analyze the relevant factors of early warning in emergency patients with high risk of acute sores, explore the application value of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure (TcPCO2) monitoring in the early warning of emergency patients with pressure ulcers. Methods This was a study of 186 consecutive emergency patients who were under care in the emergency department. The transcutaneous oxygen/carbon dioxide pressure monitor was used in monitoring the oxygen saturation of the skin of sacrococcygeal region and the chest. Meanwhile, the Braden scale was used in assessing risk factors for pressure ulcers and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was applied to evaluate the early prediction of pressure sore with TcPO2/TcPCO2 monitor. Results Implementing the logistic regression model with six indicators, this research concluded that TcPO2 CV and PO2 were independent risk factors for the development of Braden scale in patients with high risk. The area under the ROC curve showed that TcPO2 CV had a excellent predictive value for the high-risk group and determined its cut-off value to be 20%. Which means patient with both a value of TcPO2CV over 20% and a high risk of Braden scale had a larger possibility of pressure ulcers. Conclusions TcPO2 CV was an independent risk factor for patients under emergency care to develop pressure ulcers. A value of TcPO2CV over 20% indicated a high risk of pressure ulcers. Key words: Braden Risk Assessment Scale; Emergency observation; Transcutaneous oxygen pressure/transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure; Pressure injury; Variation coefficient of transcutaneous oxygen pressure

Efficacy of a motorized air support to prevent pressure ulcers in at-risk patients hospitalized in rehabilitation departments: incidence and prevalence studies

The main objective was to assess the reduction of the pressure ulcers prevalence which could be obtained if Ascalis Optimo® mattresses were made available ad libitum in rehabilitation services (RS) by comparison to prevalence as observed in the national PERSE study (historical control) in similar departments using a variety of prevention aids. This cross-sectional prevalence study was combined with a prospective study of the incidence of pressure ulcer occurrence in the high-risk target population whose beds were systematically equipped with the studied support. The prevalence study shows that 12 of the 369 patients presented pressure ulcers which occurred when Ascalis Optimo® was used. It corresponds to a prevalence of 3.3% [1.4, 5.1] which is significantly lower than those recorded in the PERSE Study: 11.8% [10.8; 12.8] P<0.0001. The ulcer incidence study was conducted on 71 patients hospitalized on a bed with an Ascalis Optimo® support because of their high risk of pressure ulcers. When taking into account all pressure ulcers' stages and locations, 6 patients had a pressure ulcer corresponding to an incidence of 8.5% [3.2; 17.5]. When taking into account, only stages 2 to 4 as generally done in literature, 2 patients had a pressure ulcer i.e. an incidence of 2.8% [0.0; 6.7]. The significant decrease of the prevalence of pressure ulcer in the rehabilitation departments where Ascalis Optimo® were available when compared to the current prevalence observed in rehabilitation services and moreover the results of the study of pressure ulcer incidence in patients bedridden on Ascalis Optimo®, shows the benefit provided to patients in terms of pressure ulcers prevention.

Dynamic changes in seating pressure gradient in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury

ABSTRACT Pressure ulcer interventions are commonly assessed with measures of seating interface pressure, such as peak pressure gradients (PPGs). Decreases in PPG magnitudes may reduce pressure ulcer risk by decreasing tissue deformation and increasing tissue perfusion of at-risk weight-bearing tissues. Changes in PPG directions, which have previously been overlooked in the seating pressure literature, may provide a transient increase in blood flow to at-risk tissues, even if the PPG magnitude and location remain the same. The purpose of this study was to assess both PPG components in response to combinations of wheelchair tilt and recline angles. Thirteen power wheelchair users were recruited into the study. Six combinations of wheelchair tilt (15°, 25°, and 35°) and recline (10° and 30°) were tested in random order. Each combination was tested with 5-min upright sitting, 5-min tilt and recline, and 5-min maximal pressure relief recovery. Changes in PPG magnitudes and PPG directions under the left ischial tuberosity were computed for the six angle combinations. The findings in this study suggested that when combining wheelchair tilt and recline, the recline function may be particularly useful in reducing PPG magnitudes, while the tilt function may be particularly useful in manipulating PPG directions.

Pressure Ulcer Prevalence, Incidence, Risk, Clinical Features, and Outcomes Among Patients in a Turkish Hospital: A Cross-sectional, Retrospective Study

This study was conducted to assess PU prevalence, incidence, clinical features, nursing care measures, and patient variables and outcomes among inpatients admitted to 13 internal medicine departments at a university hospital in Turkey between 2010 and 2014. Using a cross-sectional, retrospective design, records of all hospitalized patients were reviewed and records from patients with a PU abstracted. Patient demographics, diagnosis, Braden Scale score, and PU information were abstracted from patient files/electronic records. Data were collected to an electronic data collection form between January and December 2015 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared, one-way analysis of variance, and Student's t test. From a population of 20 175 patients, the records of 664 patients showed the presence of a PU; the total PU prevalence rate was 3.3% and the overall PU incidence rate for 5 years was 1.8%. Ulcers were most often Stage 1 (326. 49.1%), located at the sacrum (364, 54.8%), and hospital-acquired (370, 55.7%; 175 (56%) of PU patients were oncology patients, followed by dementia/Alzheimer's patients (31, 9.2%). A significant relationship between Braden scores and general diagnoses was found (P <.01). PU incidence was highest in patients with cancer and patients >65 years old, and patients with a diagnosis of dementia/Alzheimer's were at highest risk. Many patients outside of acute care settings have a PU. Risk assessments should be conducted and appropriate nursing interventions should be provided during facility admission and follow-up care. Prospective studies on the prevention of PU development in patients at risk are warranted.

Biomechanical analysis of different dynamic sitting techniques: an exploratory study

Prolonged static sitting in wheelchairs increases the risk of pressure ulcers. This exploratory study proposed three dynamic sitting techniques in order to reduce the risk of developing pressure ulcer during wheelchair sitting, namely lumbar prominent dynamic sitting, femur upward dynamic sitting, and lumbar prominent with femur upward dynamic sitting. The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of these three techniques on interface pressure. 15 able-bodied people were recruited as subjects to compare the aforementioned sitting techniques in a random order. All parameters, including dynamic contact area, dynamic average pressure, and dynamic peak pressure on backrest and seat were measured and compared. In result, when compared with lumbar prominent dynamic sitting, femur upward dynamic sitting and lumbar prominent with femur upward dynamic sitting appeared to yield significantly lower dynamic average and peak pressure on the back part of seat, and significantly higher dynamic average and peak pressure on the front part of seat. This study can serve as a reference point for clinical physicians or wheelchair users to identify a suitable dynamic sitting technique.

Path Analysis for Delirium on Patient Prognosis in Intensive Care Units

This study was conducted to investigate relationship between delirium, risk factors on delirium, and patient prognosis based on Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model. This study utilized a path analysis design. We extracted data from the electronic medical records containing delirium screening data. Each five hundred data in a delirium and a non-delirium group were randomly selected from electronic medical records of medical and surgical intensive care patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and AMOS 24. In the final model, admission via emergency department (B=.06, p=.019), age over 65 years (B=.11, p=.001), unconsciousness (B=.18, p=.001), dependent activities (B=.12, p=.001), abnormal vital signs (B=.12, p=.001), pressure ulcer risk (B=.12, p=.001), enteral nutrition (B=.12, p=.001), and use of restraint (B=.30, p=.001) directly affecting delirium accounted for 56.0% of delirium cases. Delirium had a direct effect on hospital mortality (B=.06, p=.038), hospital length of stay (B=5.06, p=.010), and discharge to another facility (not home) (B=.12, p=.001), also risk factors on delirium indirectly affected patient prognosis through delirium. The use of interventions to reduce delirium may improve patient prognosis. To improve the dependency activities and risk of pressure ulcers that directly affect delirium, early ambulation is encouraged, and treatment and nursing interventions to remove the ventilator and drainage tube quickly must be provided to minimize the application of restraint. Further, delirium can be prevented and patient prognosis improved through continuous intervention to stimulate cognitive awareness and monitoring of the onset of delirium. This study also discussed the effects of delirium intervention on the prognosis of patients with delirium and future research in this area.

Development and Evaluation of Electronic Health Record Data-Driven Predictive Models for Pressure Ulcers

The purpose of this study was to develop predictive models for pressure ulcer incidence using electronic health record (EHR) data and to compare their predictive validity performance indicators with that of the Braden Scale used in the study hospital. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Data of 202 pressure ulcer patients and 14,705 non-pressure ulcer patients admitted between January 2015 and May 2016 were extracted from the EHRs. Three predictive models for pressure ulcer incidence were developed using logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, and decision tree modeling. The predictive validity performance indicators of the three models were compared with those of the Braden Scale. The logistic regression model was most efficient with a high area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) estimate of 0.97, followed by the decision tree model (AUC 0.95), Cox proportional hazards regression model (AUC 0.95), and the Braden Scale (AUC 0.82). Decreased mobility was the most significant factor in the logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models, and the endotracheal tube was the most important factor in the decision tree model. Predictive validity performance indicators of the Braden Scale were lower than those of the logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, and decision tree models. The models developed in this study can be used to develop a clinical decision support system that automatically assesses risk for pressure ulcers to aid nurses.

Clinical value of curved supine position to prevent pressure ulcer and comfort experience in postoperative fracture patients

Objective To explore the effect of curved supine position to prevent pressure ulcer and comfort experience in postoperative fracture patients. Methods A total of one hundred and seventy-eight leg fracture patients who underwent operating in hospital were randomly divided into study group and control group (89 patients in each group). Conventional prevention and nursing method was given in the control group, based on the control group, curved supine position nursing method was carried out in the study group. The incidence of pressure ulcer, main compressed parts, pressure ulcers risk score and comfort degree in two groups were compared during hospitalization. Results The incidence of pressure ulcer in the study group (1.1%,1/89) was significantly lower than in the control group (7.9%,7/89), the difference was statistically significant between two groups (χ2=4.712, P=0.030). The scores of Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ) in two groups showed a time-dependent manner, the physical, psycho-spiritual, environmental scores in the study were higher than in the control group at 13:00, 17:00 and 20:00. Meanwhile, the scores of socio-cultural were higher than in the control group at 17:00 and 20:00, the difference was statistically significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Curved supine position canreduce the incidence of pressure ulcer as well as promote comfort experience in postoperative fracture patients. Key words: Curved supine position; Pressure ulcer; Prevention; Comfort experience

Comparing the Effect of Henna Oil and Olive Oil on Pressure Ulcer Grade One in Intensive Care Units Patients.

Background:One of the most common problems in the intensive care unit (ICU) is the incidence of pressure ulcer or bedsore. This research was conducted with the aim to compare the effect of henna and olive on pressure ulcer grade one in ICU patients hospitalized in the selected hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Science in 2016.Materials and Methods:This study conducted on 108 ICU patients with pressure ulcer. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. The two intervention groups were treated with olive oil and henna oil, respectively, and the third group was the control group. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, Braden pressure ulcer risk assessment scale, and a table for daily record of the skin temperature before and within 1 week of the study. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 using independent t-test, repeated-measures ANOVA, and Fisher's exact test.Results:The results showed a significant difference between the two henna and olive groups in the mean score of pressure ulcer measured through the pressure ulcer scale for healing tool (P < 0.05). The mean area of the ulcer on days 4 and 7 in the henna oil group was lower than that in the olive oil and control groups (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The results of this study showed that both henna and olive oils were effective in healing the pressure ulcer. However, henna oil showed better results in reducing the area of pressure ulcers over time.

The Effect of Henna (Lawsonia Inermis) on Preventing the Development of Pressure Ulcer Grade One in Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background:Detecting pressure ulcer is an important nursing diagnostic and care requirement in patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Lawsonia plant on pressure ulcer grade one in ICU patients.Methods:In this clinical trial, 72 patients eligible for hospitalization in hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were divided randomly into two control and intervention groups. The standard program of skin care was implemented on both groups; in addition, a mixture of Lawsonia (henna) and distilled water was applied topically in the intervention group. The classification form of the International Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel was used to identify grade one ulcers. Data were collected on the 1st day through demographic information questionnaire and Braden pressure ulcer risk assessment scale. An infrared thermometer was used to record local temperature of the ulcers on a daily basis. Assessments were made based on Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH), and the pressure ulcer area was examined per square centimeter on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.Results:The average change in the ulcer area per square centimeter in the control group increased by 29.9 ± 37.93 whereas it decreased by 3.54 ± 33.91 in the intervention group. The mean PUSH score decreased in the intervention group (5.36 ± 3.12) while it increased in the control group (1.91 ± 1.53). The average changes of PUSH score before and after the intervention showed a significant difference in both groups.Conclusions:With regard to the effect of henna on the reduction of ulcer area and the average PUSH score in ICU patients, the application of henna is recommended for healing grade one pressure ulcers.

Pressure Ulcers in Hospitalized Children: Prospective Observational Study and Italian Linguistic and Cultural Validation of the Glamorgan Pediatric Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale

Pressure Ulcers in Hospitalized Children: Prospective Observational Study and Italian Linguistic and Cultural Validation of the Glamorgan Pediatric Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale

Braden scale for pressure ulcer risk predicts rehabilitation placement after pancreatic resection

BackgroundPatients undergoing pancreatic resection frequently require rehabilitation facilities after hospital discharge. We evaluated the predictive role of validated markers of frailty on rehabilitation facility placement to identify patients who may require this service. MethodsSingle-center retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent pancreatic resection from 2010 to 2015. 90-day morbidity and mortality were calculated. Postoperative validated markers of frailty (Activities of Daily Living scale, Braden scale [assesses pressure ulcer risk, lower scores = higher risk] and Morse fall scale) were evaluated via multivariate regression to identify predictors of discharge to rehabilitation facility. Results470 patients with complete data were included. Mean age was 62 and 49.2% were male. Postoperative median length of stay (LOS) was 8 (IQR 7–10). 92 (19.66%) patients were discharged to rehabilitation facilities and 138 (29.49%) patients were readmitted within 90 days. On multivariate analysis, age, sex, LOS > 8 days, inpatient Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) and initial Braden scale were predictive of rehabilitation placement. ConclusionA marker of frailty routinely collected daily by nursing staff, the Braden scale, is available to help surgeons predict the need for postoperative rehabilitation placement after pancreatic resection. Engaging discharge planning services for at-risk patients may help prevent delayed hospital discharge and should be further evaluated.

The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of The Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool

Objective To translate The Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE-T) into Chinese, and assess its reliability and validity in Chinese hospitalized patients. Methods The original PURPOSE-T was translated into Chinese and back translated and modified for cultural adaptation according to guidelines. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PURPOSE-T were tested in 230 hospitalized patients. Results The Chinese version of PURPOSE-T consists of three parts and contains 25 entries. The inter-rater consistency Kappa coefficient was 0.798, the weighted Kappa coefficient was 0.843. The evaluation results were compared with binary variables with a Kappa coefficient of 0.745. The test-retest reliability Kappa coefficient and the weighted Kappa coefficient were 0.863 and 0.892. Two classified assessment Kappa coefficient was 0.857. The item content validity index ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, and the scale content validity index was 0.98. The phi correlation coefficient of PURPOSE-T and Braden scale was 0.781; the phi correlation coefficient of Waterlow Scale evaluation result was 0.777. The correlation coefficient between Chinese PURPOSE-T items and Braden scale items ranged from 0.605 to 0.877 (P<0.01), and the Waterlow Scale items ranged from 0.599 to 0.887 (P<0.01). Conclusions The Chinese version of PURPOSE-T appears to possess adequate validity, test-retest reliability and internal consistency. The newly translated Chinese version of PURPOSE-T may be used to assess the risk of pressure injury in inpatients in China. Key words: Pressure injury; Risk evaluation; Reliability; Validity