Rise Of Turkey Research Articles

Religious rebound, political backlash, and the youngest cohort: understanding religious change in Turkey

Abstract We distinguish two streams of theory that dominate explanations of religious change: cohort-based cumulative decline theory, which emphasizes small and ongoing declines in individual religiosity accruing across generations; and political backlash theory, which emphasizes period- and identity-based changes due to the politicized meaning of religion. Notably, Muslim countries have largely been excluded from a recent wave of quantitative research on individual-level religious change, implicitly continuing an assumption that Islamic societies require different theoretical concepts. We deploy both theories to examine religious identity and behavior over multiple decades in Turkey, a Muslim-majority country with recent social conflict over religion. Utilizing age-period-cohort interaction models, our results suggest minimal evidence for a cohort-based process in Turkey, in contrast to that observed in Western countries. Rather, a political transformation—the politicization of religion through the rise of Turkey’s AKP (Justice and Development Party) and President Erdogan—is most salient to Turkish religious change. We introduce two concepts to backlash theory—identity updating and performance signaling—to show how different dimensions of individual religiosity respond to different politicized contexts. These findings extend our understanding of religious change beyond the Western context, with further implications for theorizing political backlash and cohort-based processes.

The Geopolitics of Turkey's Rise as a Drone Power

The Geopolitics of Turkey's Rise as a Drone Power

Growth in turbine size and technological development of modern commercial large scale wind turbines in Türkiye

In this study, in addition to the recent advances and tendencies in wind turbine technology around the world, the progress of commercial wind turbine technology installed in Turkey was also thoroughly examined. In this respect, several metrics for installed wind turbines including number of turbines, installed power capacity (MW), mean rated capacity (MW), mean rotor diameter (m), mean specific power capacity (W/m2), and mean hub height (m) have been obtained between the years of 2011 and 2019. According to the obtained results, the mean rated capacity of Turkey’s annual installed wind turbines advanced from 1.86 MW in 2011 to 3.52 MW in 2019. However, the mean specific power of yearly installed wind turbines declined from 423.7 W/m2 to 314.1 W/m2. Outcomes revealed that the growth in the size and the reduction in the specific power have contributed to the tendency of higher power outputs, and wind turbine capacity factor and power generation capacity have been on the rise in Turkey. In time, wind turbines with greater rotor diameters and hubs started to show up more observable on land. For that purpose, the proposed solution to regulate turbine visibility during site selection is the potential visibility model (PVM), which is meant to be used as an auxiliary variable.

A 7-Year Retrospective Analysis of Hymenoplasty: Profiles From a Specialized Gynecological Cosmetic Surgery Practice.

Hymenoplasty-surgical reconstruction of the hymen-is on the rise in Turkey, reflecting the enduring importance of virginity which is rooted in sociocultural and religious beliefs. Demographic factors shape women's decisions regarding this procedure. The aim of this investigation was to delve into the multifaceted perceptions around virginity and hymenoplasty in Turkey, examining the impact of sociocultural and religious beliefs on women's decisions. The study also explored demographic influences, offering insights into the societal and cultural backdrop of hymenoplasty. A 7-year retrospective analysis of 4259 patient records (2015-2022) at a private clinic was conducted, and statistical tools were used to meticulously analyze data on demographics and shared decision-making dynamics. In the examined cohort (83.3%), the choice of permanent hymenoplasty was prevalent among individuals aged 14 to 49 years, with 58.6% being engaged and seeking the procedure a week before marriage. Notably, 91.0% were accompanied by friends during consultations, and a minority disclosed a history of childbirth or experience of forced intercourse. An increasing trend in first-time and post-assault hymenoplasty procedures was observed in 2021. Geographically, the majority of individuals resided in Istanbul, but represented all Turkish regions. Additional procedures such as vaginoplasty were common, with mostly successful postprocedural outcomes and minor complications. This study highlighted the enduring social importance of virginity in Turkey, emphasizing hymenoplasty as a coping strategy for psychological and societal challenges. The study calls for comprehensive patient support and societal progress in respecting women's bodily autonomy, urging a shift away from the cultural fixation on virginity.

M. Saffet Engin, Kemalizm ve Demokrasi

M. Saffet Engin, tek-parti devrinden başlayıp 1970’li yılların sonlarına kadar otuzdan fazla kitap ve çok sayıda makale kaleme almış bir Cumhuriyet aydınıdır. Amerika’da sosyoloji ve felsefe alanlarında öğrenim gördükten sonra Türkiye’ye dönen ve çeşitli okullarda öğretmenlik yapan Engin, bir taraftan da eski Türk tarihi ve dili üzerine eserler yazmıştır. Bu eserleriyle Atatürk’ün dikkatini çeken Engin, zaman zaman onun Çankaya sofrasındaki davetlerine katılmıştır. Atatürk’ten gördüğü bu teveccüh neticesinde Türk Tarih Kurumu ile Türk Dil Kurumu’nun ilk üyeleri arasında yer alan Engin, 1930’lu yılların Türkiye’sinde Atatürk’ün girişimleriyle şekillenen tarih ve dil tezlerinin hazırlanmasında görev almıştır. Engin, 1942 yılında öğretmenlik mesleğinden ayrılmasının ardından hiçbir resmî görev almamış ve vefatına kadar eski Türk tarihi ile Kemalizm’i anlatan eserler yazmıştır. Soğuk Savaş ortamında “anti-komünist” niteliği haiz yazılar kaleme almış olan Engin’in, 1950’li yıllardan itibaren “Türkçü” vasfı biraz daha ön plana çıkmıştır. “Öz Türkçe” olarak yazdığını ifade ettiği kitaplarında ırkçılığa varan görüşler öne sürmüş, Türkiye’de sol ideolojilerin yükselişe geçtiği 1960 sonrasında ise sert bir komünizm aleyhtarı olarak dikkat çekmiştir. Bu çalışma, M. Saffet Engin’in düşünce dünyasına ışık tutmanın yanında, özellikle “Kemalizm” ve “demokrasi” arasındaki ilişki hakkında detaylı bilgi vermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Turkey's rise as a drone power: trial by fire

ABSTRACT Turkey's production and operational use of its own armed drones has grabbed much media attention and caused consternation in some regional capitals. Not only has Turkey emerged as one of the world's most prolific users of largely indigenously built armed drones but it has also become a major exporter of these systems. Analyses put Turkey's position as a major drone power down to long-term strategic calculation. Whilst Ankara's emergence as a serious drone player is certainly no accident – it is the output of a concerted state effort – this article emphasises how Turkish political-military leaders have absorbed military and political lessons from early forays into armed drone usage and adjusted foreign policy and military tactics accordingly. Such a non-linear evolution of its drone strategy suggests future change in how Turkey seeks to derive benefits from this niche capability.

Visual Impact and Potential Visibility Assessment of Wind Turbines Installed in Turkey

Global installed wind power capacity has risen nearly 4.3 times in the last decade, from 120.7 GW in 2008 to more than 591 GW in 2018. On the other hand, installed wind power capacity in Turkey was reported as 7.37 GW in 2018, and it is scheduled to reach 12 GW in 2023. The aim of this paper is to assess the recent growth of wind power generation in Turkey in terms of power generation technologies, wind power potential, techno-economic feasibility, and visibility of onshore wind turbines. In this respect, several metrics such as cumulative installed wind power capacity (MW), total number of turbines, total swept area of turbines (km2), total hub height of turbines (km), number of the turbine per turbine power capacity (1/GW), swept area per turbine power capacity (m2/MW) and hub height per turbine power capacity (m/MW) are developed to assess wind power generation regionally between the years of 2010 and 2018. Results show that wind power generation capacity is on the rise in Turkey. But this growth also implies an increase in the number and size of turbines. Eventually, turbines with higher hubs and rotor diameters have become more abundant and visible in landscapes.

Does the Real Estate Market and Renewable Energy Induce Carbon Dioxide Emissions? Novel Evidence from Turkey

In the literature, the linkage between income, energy, and carbon emissions has been widely examined and most of the empirical studies have not investigated the impact of the real estate market on their empirical models. Our study endeavors to present a novel topic by investigating the influence of the real estate market on Turkey’s environmental quality, using an advanced method of the Bootstrap Autoregressive Distributed Lag (BARDL). We estimate that consumption of renewable energy contributes significantly to CO2 emissions, while real income increases the environmental degradation in both the short and long run. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the real estate market contributes negatively to the deduction of carbon emissions in Turkey. A one percent increase in the real estate market will cause a rise in Turkey’s carbon level by 0.010% and 0.009% in the short and long term, respectively. Our research suggests that Turkey should design new strategies for sustainable real estate markets to improve the environmental quality by supporting green investment projects.

Review of Tahir Abbas, Contemporary Turkey in Conflict: Ethnicity, Islam and Politics

Since the rise of Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) to power in 2002, the country has been at the forefront of events in the region and beyond, even more so in the wake of the 15 July 2016 failed coup attempt. The party’s initial pro-EU, pro-democratic posture has given way to an illiberal authoritarianism since 2010, a process that has yet to reach its denouement. Tahir Abbas’ worthy ambition in Contemporary Turkey in Conflict: Ethnicity, Islam and Politics is to chart the path of sociopolitical transformation Turkey has undergone over the last decade or so, by surveying some of the key ideas and actors shaping contemporary Turkish politics...

Marka Aşkı, Marka Sadakati ve Ağızdan Ağıza Pazarlama İlişkisi: THY Örneği

The air transport sector is an integral part of tourism. With the advent of legal amendments as of 2003, the aviation sector has experienced a rapid rise in Turkey. This has led to an increase in the number of airports as well as their capacity and flight frequency. As a result of competition within the sector, the ticket prices have gone cheaper, and thus the demand for airport transportation has steadily increased. The airline companies with loyal customers have gained an edge over their rivals. This is because brand loyalty has a key role in the purchasing behavior of customers. However, loyalty is not merely enough to ensure sustainability. Customers prefer brands from which they emotionally benefit, and they share their ideas about brands with others so that they can share the same feeling. In this frame, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between brand love, brand loyalty, and word of mouth marketing at air transport sector. A total of 377 questionnaire forms were collected from THY (Turkish Airlines) customers to reach the aim. The data were collected in 2018 from Avcilar Travel Agency customers by face to face communication. As a result of this study, there is a high level and a positive relation between brand love, brand loyalty, and word of mouth marketing.

Rise of Turkey as a world power: Vision of Neo-Ottoman Empire

The research explores the emergence of republic of turkey and its way of gaining the position from the central power to the emerging world power. Turkey in reality initiated to get the dominant position over region and influence over world after president Erdogan came into power whose pro-Islamic based policies brought many reforms in domestic and foreign policies.. In the war torn region president Erdogan policies has balanced the position of country in the region. The objectives of this research are to explore the facts about the Turkey’s way to the Neo-Ottoman Empire and its influence over international powers. This research also unfolds the changes in the global politics after Turkey’s position as a symbolic challenge for the world super and major powers. The research concerns with three main questions that are, how Turkey got significant position after many domestic and regional challenges? How president Erdogan would accomplish his future ambitions of Neo-Ottoman Empire and the last question refers to the post-Lausanne scenario in global politics. The research also provides the analysis over the Turkey’s pre-preparations for her dominancy over region and the political and economic benefits to the Turkey after revival of Neo-Ottoman Empire.The research explores the emergence of republic of turkey and its way of gaining the position from the central power to the emerging world power. Turkey in reality initiated to get the dominant position over region and influence over world after president Erdogan came into power whose pro-Islamic based policies brought many reforms in domestic and foreign policies.. In the war torn region president Erdogan policies has balanced the position of country in the region. The objectives of this research are to explore the facts about the Turkey’s way to the Neo-Ottoman Empire and its influence over international powers. This research also unfolds the changes in the global politics after Turkey’s position as a symbolic challenge for the world super and major powers. The research concerns with three main questions that are, how Turkey got significant position after many domestic and regional challenges? How president Erdogan would accomplish his future ambitions of Neo-Ottoman Empire and the last question refers to the post-Lausanne scenario in global politics. The research also provides the analysis over the Turkey’s pre-preparations for her dominancy over region and the political and economic benefits to the Turkey after revival of Neo-Ottoman Empire.

Iran-Saudi-Turkish Rivalry and Implications of the Iran-US/West Nuclear Agreement on Wahabis in Indonesia

A world agreement on Iran's Nuclear was reached in Vienna, Austria, in July 2015. Negotiations between Iran and the six world powers namely the United States, Britain, France, China, Russia plus Germany began in 2006 and reached an agreement with Iran at the Vienna Meeting in July 2015 in an effort to reduce Iran's nuclear activities in exchange for lifting sanctions or embargoes. international economy that has lasted three decades. United States President Barack Obama (2015) said that with the agreement that opened the new page, all Iranian nuclear weapons had been cut off for Iran so that the Middle East nuclear power was held militarily by Israel. In this regard, international sanctions against Iran are lifted, and Iran has a stronger chance to improve its posture in the international arena. The Vienna Agreement has caused ideological anxiety among Wahabis with the implication that Wahabis are unhappy and they do not like the strengthening of Iran politically and culturally in a globalized world. Wahhabi ideological interests will be eroded to some extent by treaties that will seriously divide the Islamic world by Sunni-Shiite competition. However, the rise of Turkey which is competing with Iran and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East political arena, will open the eyes of Wahabis in Indonesia that it is very likely Turkey is their hope for the future.

Planting Hate Speech to Harvest Hatred: How Does Political Hate Speech Fuel Hate Crimes in Turkey?

Hate crimes against dissident groups are on the rise in Turkey, and political hate speech might have a triggering effect on this trend. In this study, the relationship between political hate speech against the Gulen Movement and the hate crimes perpetrated by ordinary people was examined through semi-structured interviews and surveys with victims. The findings suggest that a rise in political hate rhetoric targeting a given group might result in a corresponding rise in hate crimes committed against them, the effects of which have been largely overlooked in the current literature in the evolving Turkish context.

The Emergence of Turkey as a Regional Power and the Neo-Ottomanism

Turkey was liberated and re-generated by Kemal Ataturk, a secular leader, on the ruins of six centuries old Ottoman Empire. The population was forced to accept the western way of life as strongly as possible. In fact, Ataturk never appreciated the deep cultural identity roots of the Turkish people with Islam and the Orient. Turkey's relationship with the US developed-based on the reasons that it (US) could protect Turkey from its traditional enemy-Russia. Since the 1990's, as Turkey was growing fast economically and in population, its ottoman legacy started re-surfacing. Islamism and Neo-Ottomanism were silently growing with the rise in Turkey's economic power and population. The failed military coup of 2016 has enabled President Erdogan to obtain control of an increasingly more Islamic army and administration. Today, Turkey has emerged as a regional power in the shifting international order. The concept of Neo-Ottomanism, launched by Erbakan and his associates in the early 1970's, has been silently promoting Turkey to be recognized as a regional power in this 21st century-by consolidating its political, military, economic and cultural strengths. This article has shown that Turkey is a sustainable regional power in the Balkans, Caucasus and in the Middle-East and the spirit of Neo-Ottomanism, has silently inspired and rejuvenated the Turkish national spirit to reach its goal.

Prevalence of childhood obesity and related parental factors across socioeconomic strata in Ankara, Turkey

Among low- and middle-income nations, the highest prevalence of child overweight and associated metabolic disorders has been found in Middle Eastern and Eastern European countries. Obesity has been on the rise in Turkey and past research has shown regional variations among adults. However, the prevalence of childhood obesity in different socioeconomic groups in the largest metropolitan areas in the country has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of child obesity with a population-representative, SES-stratified random sample with objective measures of body mass index (BMI) in the capital city of Turkey. Weight status was measured by the WHO growth curve and analyzed by socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and parental factors in a population-representative sample of 2066 parent-child dyads. Chi-square and logistic regression were conducted. Rates of overweight and obesity were 21.2% and 14.6% (35.8% combined) but significantly higher in high (24.5% and 18.9%) vs. low SES (20.1% and 13.8%) (P = 0.02). Boys were at higher risk for obesity than girls, especially in high vs. low SES (Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.0 [95% CI: 1.4-6.5] vs. 1.7 [95% CI: 1.2-2.5]). Having both parents being overweight or obese increased the risk for obesity, particularly in medium and high SES (OR = 5.8 [95% CI: 2.3-14.1]) and 6.3 (95% CI: 1.5-26.2). Higher maternal education was a risk factor in low-to-medium but not high SES. In Ankara, child overweight and obesity appears to be 1.5 times more prevalent than national estimates. Higher SES may signify greater exposure to an obesogenic environment and greater obesity risk.

TURKEY IN SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION: NEW FOREIGN POLICY APPROACH IN AFRICA

It is a fair treatment, without any exaggeration, to argue that the rise of Turkey in Africa in multiple areas as an actor is rather novel for foreign policy of Ankara. From development assistance to economy, politics to security, Turkey is now an influential player in African politics. Turkey’s Africa policy has more meaning than a normal foreign policy relation. It is also a mature deepening of South- South cooperation (SSC) in Turkish foreign policy. One of the most novel parts of Turkey’s foreign policy since 2002 is its endeavor to be part of the South-South cooperation and increase its visibilities in development aid projects. This involvement - both at state and NGO levels - is particularly palpable on the African continent. Rather than following the footsteps of other countries, such as traditional donors, Ankara has been trying to develop its own understanding and implementation - the Turkish way - based on experiences mostly gained from Balkans and Central Asian republics. These dimensions explain Turkey’s development policy at ideational, societal and institutional levels in Somalia and beyond in Africa. Religion along with trade is one of the key drivers of this policy at societal and state levels. At ideational front, there has been a new geographical imagination in Turkey that sees Africa from a totally different perspective comparing to a decade ago.

Turkey’s economic rapprochement towards Syria and the territorial conflict over Hatay

This article addresses the Justice and Development Party’s economic rapprochement towards Syria since 2002. While, the literature tackling the Turkish economic foreign policy has mainly focused on the reasons behind the rise of Turkey’s trade, this study argues that Turkey’s economic policy contributed to the alleviation of the Hatay issue, a historical territorial conflict that marked bilateral relations for long decades.

Rivalitas Iran-Saudi-Turki dan Kekhawatiran Ideologis Kaum Wahabi Indonesia terhadap Kesepakatan Nuklir Iran-AS

The Iran-US agreement on nuclear power has made watershed in Iran-West relations, in which all of nuclear weapons of Iran should be disconnected and frozen so that only the Israelis held a nuclear power in the Middle East.Teheran always says its nuclear activities are for peaceful purposes. Nowadays the international sanctions on Iranian lifted, and Iran is more powerfull to enhance its posture in international arena. This agreement has caused ideological anxiety among the Wahabis with implications that the Wahabis are not happy and they do not like with the strengthening of Iran politically and culturally in globalized world. The Wahabis’ Ideological interests will be erodedto a certain degree with the agreement which would seriously divide the Islamic world by by Sunni-Shia rivalry. However, the rise of Turkey which competed with Iran and Saudi in the political arena of Middle East, would open the Wahabis eyes in Indonesia that maybe Turkey is the hope of the future.

Relational geographies of emerging market finance: The rise of Turkey and the global financial crisis 2007

Some European emerging markets appear to be weathering the global financial crisis better than others. Countries such as Turkey continue to enjoy robust economic growth due to ‘strong’ domestic demand, a ‘solid’ financial sector and an elevated geo-political ‘significance’. All these factors contributed to the robust performance of the Istanbul Stock Exchange in 2012. The recent crisis is in this respect ‘special’, since some emerging markets are now re-imagined as ‘safe havens’ in comparison with volatile Western economies, and consequently their financial markets are seen as attractive investment opportunities. However, how can the changing attractiveness of places such as Turkey be explained? In this paper I suggest that the appeal of Turkey and its financial markets is not simply a consequence of Turkey’s domestic dynamics. Reminiscent of recent debates about the links between territorial and relational spaces, I show that Turkey’s emergence as an attractive destination for financial capital is the consequence of the territorial as well as the relational dynamics of global capitalism and the power of financial actors to shape (as well as being shaped by) economic geographies. I explain how Turkey is currently been discursively framed as an alternative destination for portfolio investments through a reassessment of its geo-political and economic assets in the light of the recent financial crisis.

Country in Focus: diabetes prevalence on the rise in Turkey

Country in Focus: diabetes prevalence on the rise in Turkey