Rhetoric Of Science Research Articles

Eristinis argumentavimas politinėje reklamoje

Retorika – universali įtikinėjimo sistema, gebėjimas atrasti įtikinimo būdus ir priemones kiekvienu konkrečiu atveju. Įtikinimo proceso esminė dalis – argumentavimas – yra retorikos mokslo šerdis. Straipsnyje pristatomo tyrimo objektas – politinio diskurso argumentacijos lygmuo. Įvairių reklamos formų argumentacijos ypatybių analizė atskleidžia, kad eristinė argumentacija yra vyraujanti argumentacijos rūšis reklamoje. Paveikiuosiuose diskursuose eristiniai argumentai pasitelkiami dažnai, politiniame diskurse tam įtakos turi konkurenciniai santykiai, populiarumo vaikymasis, kova dėl valdžios, kuri įvairių, ypač per priešrinkimų debatus įgyja žodinio ginčo pavidalą. Tirti politinių reklamų pavyzdžiai atskleidžia, kad eristinėmis gudrybėmis vadinami argumentavimo modeliai politiniame diskurse funkcionuoja kaip paveikaus diskurso kūrimo strategija, turinti padėti pelnyti auditorijos simpatijas ir palankumą, kurti bendrystės ir bendradarbiavimo tarp politiko ir auditorijos regimybę.

Research that Resonates: A Perspective on Durable and Portable Approaches to Scholarship in Technical Communication and Rhetoric of Science

The current U.S. political climate has catalyzed intense public conversations about our relationship with facts and the truth. Declarations we have entered a Post-Truth Era vie with demands for ren...

Durable Research, Portable Findings: Rhetorical Methods in Case Study Research

ABSTRACTCase studies have been a central methodology employed by scholars working in the rhetoric of science and technical communication. However, concerns have been raised about how cases are constructed and collected, and what they convey. The authors reflect on how rhetoricians of science and technical communication researchers can – and do – construct a variety of case-based mixed-methods studies in ways that may make our research more portable and durable without undercutting the important and central role of case-based analysis.

Voyeur in the Torrid Zone: John Gabriel Stedman's Narrative of a Five Years Expedition against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam, 1773–1838

This article reads John Gabriel Stedman's Narrative of a Five Years Expedition against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam through the literary and scientific cultures of natural history, demonstrating how Stedman's acts of sexual domination and exploitation in Suriname are veiled in the rhetoric of science. Tracing the complex ways enslaved African women were recast and erased by Stedman and his editors illuminates how naturalist print culture contributed to the long-standing history of violence against women in the colonial Americas.

Evaluation of Entries Related to the Science of Rhetoric in the TDV Islamic Encyclopedia

Evaluation of Entries Related to the Science of Rhetoric in the TDV Islamic Encyclopedia

Rethinking to riluzole mechanism of action: the molecular link among protein kinase CK1δ activity, TDP-43 phosphorylation, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pharmacological treatment.

Rethinking to riluzole mechanism of action: the molecular link among protein kinase CK1δ activity, TDP-43 phosphorylation, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pharmacological treatment.

Writing-to-Learn in Secondary Science Classes: For Whom Is It Effective?

Although many agree that writing can make a unique contribution to learning, harnessing that contribution is difficult, particularly in the middle grades. The purpose of this study was to measure the efficacy of a feasible writing-to-learn intervention in Grade 6–11 science classes. We focused on middle school students because this group has been least responsive to writing interventions in previous research. We conducted an 8-week intervention in which students completed short metacognitive and longer argumentative writing tasks. Our results indicated that overall students’ ability to engage in scientific rhetoric improved, and we identified minimal difference in the growth of middle and high school students. We therefore conducted a cluster analysis to examine how learner-level variables impacted the effectiveness of the intervention. Most notable was that students with low writing motivation and science knowledge showed the largest response to the intervention. These findings suggest that writing-to-learn can be implemented in secondary science to support scientific literacy development.

Evasive Courts: A Rhetorical Analysis of Judicial Conflict Avoidance

The paper starts from the assumption that there is a significant body of case-law on both the national, European and international level that is characterised by strategies of judicial evasion. Courts for various reasons tend to avoid deciding the substantive legal issues advanced by the parties to a conflict or put before them as a legal question in advisory-proceedings. The phenomenon is multifaceted. It can be observed in different legal contexts, different countries and branches of law. We hypothesize that judicial evasion is a central but neglected element of judicial practice which can be detected and categorized by employing the analytical tools of rhetorical science. This namely involves insights resulting from rhetorical research on ‘evasion-strategies’ in various forms of human and organizational communication. Such analytical tools can help, beyond mere legal scrutiny, to better detect and explain judicial evasion. The central hypothesis of our paper therefore is that courts can be found to employ a sophisticated tool-kit of classical rhetorical practices in order to evade in their decision a ruling on focal legal issues of a dispute. The cross-jurisdictional set of rhetorical practices, which can be identified, goes well beyond the emanations of classic Western separation of powers-doctrines of ‘judicial self-restraint’, ‘political questions’, or the margin of ‘appreciation’. Our paper is, therefore, supposed to break new ground in exploring the phenomenon from a comparative perspective comprising legal methodology as well as classic and modern rhetorical research. We hold that judicial evasion is only one of numerous fields in which a turn to rhetoric and adjacent linguistic studies complementing legal methodology can generate new insights.

When Weather Forecasters Are Wrong: Image Repair and Public Rhetoric After Severe Weather

Weather forecasts are a unique type of prediction rhetoric—science communication with inherent uncertainty and multiple potential interpretations from diverse audiences. When forecasts are wrong, audiences often turn their ire toward the weather forecaster. This rhetorical analysis considers image repair efforts of a meteorologist following a botched winter storm forecast. Implications for communication efforts of weather forecasters are offered, in addition to consideration of insight into the larger realm of the rhetoric of science.

The Legacy of ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī in the Arabic East before al-Qazwīnī’s Talkhīṣ al-Miftāḥ

Abstract ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī (d. 471/1078 or 474/1081) is recognized today as one of the greatest literary theorists in medieval Islam, but in his own lifetime he was known as a grammarian. It would take nearly three centuries for his theories to take hold in the form of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī’s (d. 739/1338) Talkhīṣ al-Miftāḥ, which launched the standardized science of rhetoric. Even in later centuries al-Jurjānī remained little-known, a situation that would only change at the turn of the twentieth century with the endeavors of Rashīd Riḍā and Muḥammad ʿAbduh, who produced the first editions of al-Jurjānī’s Asrār al-balāgha and Dalāʾil al-iʿjāz. Keeping al-Jurjānī’s larger trajectory in mind, this article takes a closer look at his impact in the time leading up to al-Qazwīnī, with a focus on the Arabic East (Greater Syria and Egypt) where al-Qazwīnī was based. Through an analysis of biographical, bibliographical, and literary critical writings, this study follows the early readership of al-Jurjānī’s rhetorical oeuvre and recontextualizes his place in the history of Arabic literary theory.

Toward a feminist modernist digital humanities

ABSTRACTThough the digital humanities (DH) has offered feminist scholars new opportunities for publishing neglected authors, the rhetoric of science and quantification that accompanies it runs counter to core insights of feminist modernist scholarship, which have questioned the possibility and desirability of scientific virtues of empiricism and neutrality. By applying Donna Haraway’s situated knowledges – and its renewal in the digital humanities through intersectional feminist scholars such as Roopika Risam and Moya Bailey – this article explores the costs that sexism within DH has already levied on modernist studies. Further, it argues that the future of modernist DH scholarship must be explicitly feminist in nature, translating key insights from feminist theory into concrete practices for digital modernist scholarship. Collaboration emerges as an overarching ethos and an essential method for feminist modernist studies.

Medicine, Technology, and Religion Reconsidered: The Case of Brain Death Definition in Israel

The introduction of respiratory machines in the 1950s may have saved the lives of many, but it also challenged the notion of death itself. This development endowed “machines” with the power to form a unique ontological creature: a live body with a “dead” brain. While technology may be blamed for complicating things in the first place, it is also called on to solve the resulting quandaries. Indeed, it is not the birth of the “brain-dead” that concerns us most, but rather its association with a web of epistemological and ethical considerations, where technology plays a central role. The brain death debate in Israel introduces highly sophisticated religious thought and authoritative medical expertise. At focus are the religious acceptance and rejection of brain death by a technologically savvy group of rabbis whose religious doctrine––along with a particular form of religious reasoning––is used to support the truth claims made from the scientific community (brain death is death) but challenge the ways in which they are made credible (instrumental rather than clinical). In our case, brain death as “true” death is made religiously viable with the very use of technological apparatus and scientific rhetoric that stand at the heart of the scientific ethos.

Retailing science: genre hybridization in online science news stories

AbstractThis study explores how marketing and science rhetoric have become entrenched in online science news stories. The schematic structures of a corpus of 270 news stories from three types of website (university websites, the websites of Futurity.org and MSNBC.com) have been analyzed and compared. An eight-move structure identified from the corpus suggests that the genre of news stories is a hybridization of promotional discourse for marketization and science discourse for explanation. Hybridization is first evident in university press releases, which are then spread by the mass media without significant changes. From the perspective of intertextual chains, the emerging discourse practices can be attributed to the power shifting of news production from journalists to science institutions and further from journalistic to scientific norms. In turn, the discourse practices accelerate the shift of power, which could ultimately lead to the loss of independent and critical science journalism.

КОМПЛЕКС УПРАЖНЕНИЙ ПО ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ КОММУНИКАТИВНЫХ СТРАТЕГИЙ ИНОЯЗЫЧНОЙ НАУЧНОЙ РИТОРИКИ У МАГИСТРАНТОВ ФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ФАКУЛЬТЕТОВ

The article presents a detailed characteristic of the complex of exercises from the point of view of the focus on a certain type of a communicative strategy. The requirements applied to these exercises are described. The authors develop types and kinds of exercises for teaching communicative strategies of scientific rhetoric to master’s degree students, exercises aimed at formation of knowledge about communicative strategies, tactics and methods of scientific rhetoric, as well as the formation and development of skills and abilities of self-control.

Ethan Campbell, The Gawain-Poet and Fourteenth-Century English Anti-Clerical Tradition. Research in Medieval and Early Modern Culture. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications / Western Michigan University, 2018, pp. 238.

In the past four years, there has been a flurry of valuable new work on the poems of the Gawain-poet (also known as the Pearl-poet), which includes new editions, translations, monographs, pedagogical studies, and online resources. Among the editions and translations are Malcolm Andrew and Ronald Waldron’s excellent facsimile edition and translation of Cotton Nero A.x (Folio Society, 2016), Simon Armitage’s verse translations of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Pearl (W.W. Norton, 2008 and 2016 respectively) and, I allow myself to mention, my own dual-language edition-translation of Pearl with supplementary materials for collegiate teaching (Broadview, forthcoming). Academic monographs include Piotyr Spyra’s Epistemological Perspective of the Pearl-Poet (Ashgate, 2014), Cecelia Hatt’s God and the Gawain-Poet: Theology and Genre (Boydell & Brewer, 2015), my Signifying Power of Pearl: Medieval Literary and Cultural Contexts for the Transformation of Genre (Routledge, 2017), and Lisa Horton’s Scientific Rhetoric of the Pearl-Poet (Arc Humanities Press, forthcoming). Editors Mark Bradshaw Busbee and I have published Approaches to Teaching the Middle English Pearl (MLA, 2017), which contains insightful pedagogical essays from several professors. The journal Glossator provides a complete commentary on each section of Pearl, available online (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://glossator.org/2015/03/30/glossator-9-2015-pearl">https://glossator.org/2015/03/30/glossator-9-2015-pearl</ext-link>/), and additional resources are available at “Medieval Pearl” (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://medievalpearl.wordpress.com">https://medievalpearl.wordpress.com</ext-link>). Now Ethan Campbell’s The Gawain-Poet and the Fourteenth-Century English Anticlerical Tradition joins the ranks, making a meaningful contribution to our understanding of the poet in his cultural milieu.

Peirce’s “Ideas, stray or stolen, about scientific writing” and the relationship between methodeutic, speculative rhetoric, and the universal art of rhetoric

Abstract This paper is a reading of Peirce’s manuscript “Ideas, stray or stolen, about scientific writing.” The latter text has been considered to be a key for understanding the relationship between speculative rhetoric and methodeutic. While I agree that it includes essential reflections on the third branch of Peirce’s logic, I will argue that the classification of rhetoric studies that it contains cannot be used to clarify the way in which methodeutic and speculative rhetoric are related to one another. I will first introduce the classification as it is presented by Peirce in “Ideas, stray or stolen, about scientific writing” and list some problems that immediately arise when we identify methodeutic with the rhetoric of science. Then, I will elucidate Peirce’s distinction between the universal art of rhetoric, speculative rhetoric, and ordinary rhetoric. I will argue that the classification of rhetoric studies in “Ideas, stray or stolen, about scientific writing” should be seen as a classification of the ways in which we can obtain different ordinary rhetorics specifying the contents of speculative rhetoric for different contexts of sign use. To finish, I will propose a different approach to support the claim that methodeutic is a subdivision of speculative rhetoric.

Science and the Religious Rhetorics of the Ineffable: A Comparison Between Two "Cosmoses"

Since Thomas Kuhn’s revolutionary look at the social construction of science, research into the rhetorics of science has shown how science is a persuasive form of discourse, rarely as transparent and self-evident as is often understood. Rhetorical studies have taken this cue to examine how science is constructed through available means beyond mere logic. Arguably, the resurgence of creationist beliefs in political discourse has brought on a new impetus in science to persuade the “hearts and minds” of the American population, inspiring Neil deGrasse Tyson’s remaking of Carl Sagan’s 1980 documentary Cosmos. Using Rudolph Otto’s, The Idea of the Holy, this article will define religion as an ineffable experience that creates “creature-consciousness,” or a sense of awe and insufficiency towards something outside the self, while also producing a sense of identification or “oneness.” The ineffable experience is core to the public making of science, just as the ineffable experience plays a defining role in religions. Though science and religion are often seen as mutually exclusively (sometimes in opposition), identifying the ineffable experience as a shared ground can provide opportunities for science and religion to dialogue in new ways.

Rhetoric in American Anthropology: Gender, Genre, and Science

Book Review| June 01 2017 Rhetoric in American Anthropology: Gender, Genre, and Science Rhetoric in American Anthropology: Gender, Genre, and Science. By Risa Applegarth. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2014; pp. x + 267. $27.95 paper. Ann George Ann George Texas Christian University Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2017) 20 (2): 376–384. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.20.2.0376 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Ann George; Rhetoric in American Anthropology: Gender, Genre, and Science. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2017; 20 (2): 376–384. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.20.2.0376 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2017 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2017 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Becoming "Forces of Change": Making a Case for Engaged Rhetoric of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Medicine

Becoming "Forces of Change": Making a Case for Engaged Rhetoric of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Medicine

Debated agronomy: public discourse and the future of biotechnology policy in Ghana

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the highly contested and ongoing biotechnology (Bt) policy-making process in Ghana. We analyse media content on how Bt is viewed in the context of Ghana’s parliamentary debate on the Plant Breeders Bill and within the broader public policy-making literature. This paper does not seek to take a position on Bt or the Bill, but to understand how policy actors influence the debate with political and scientific rhetoric in Ghana. The study reveals that in the midst of scientific uncertainties of Bt’s potential for sustainable agriculture production and food security, policy decisions that encourage its future adoption are heavily influenced by health, scientific, economic, environmental and political factors dictated by different ideologies, values and norms. While locally pioneered plant breeding is visible and common in the Ghanaian food chain, plant breeding/GMOs/Bt from international corporations is strongly resisted by anti-GMO coalitions. Understanding the complex and messy nature of Bt policy-making is critical for future development of agricultural technology in Ghana and elsewhere.