Time Of Revolution Research Articles

The birth of innovation

In January 1970, two hundred technology managers met at a secluded mansion in Glen Cove, Long Island. Their mission: to learn what it takes to be an innovator. From the comfort of their rooms, executives from the likes of AT&T, Honeywell, IBM, and 3M talked shop via closed-circuit television and telephone with leading entrepreneurs, science administrators, and academics, who paced the stage of an intimate theater as they wove parables about how their lives were changed by the accelerating rush of innovation. Each evening, the speakers again held court in the bar, where attendees were encouraged to seize the chance to ask the speaker just how an idea he has presented applies to your particular situation. · The workshop, for which participants paid the equivalent of US $3,000 today, was the brainchild of a new media start-up called Technology Communication. The weekend event captured the clublike exclusivity, expert insight, and collective self-help for revolutionary times that the new venture sought to embrace.

Carl Schmitt o państwie jako monopolu polityczności (a nie przemocy)

Carl Schmitt is known for his concept of the political (das Politische), but little has been said about the relation between the political and violence. The main premise of this article is that violence lurks behind considerations on the political. While Weber wrote about the state as a monopoly of violence, Schmitt develops a concept of state as a monopoly of the political. Weber’s theory is rooted in the shaky and revolutionary times of transition from the Wilhelmine monarchy to the Weimar democracy. Schmitt’s concept of the political reflects the crisis of the Weimar monopoly of the political, when the existence of the state (its constitution in the Schmittian sense) became endangered by the highly political and ideologically driven groups striving for power. The weaker the executive power, the greater the risk of minority groups seizing power in a legal way. Politically, neutral law is not able to contain them, as it would see such law lose its neutrality. In this, Schmitt sees the possibility for legal revolution that can take place without violence. Weber did not foresee this risk in his concept of state. The main lesson on the part of Schmitt is therefore: what was suffi cient for containing revolution in the past (the monopoly of violence) may not be adequate in contemporary Weimar and therefore, the monopoly of the political is crucial.

Information Processing as a Paradigm for Decision Making

For decades, the dominant paradigm for studying decision making--the expected utility framework--has been burdened by an increasing number of empirical findings that question its validity as a model of human cognition and behavior. However, as Kuhn (1962) argued in his seminal discussion of paradigm shifts, an old paradigm cannot be abandoned until a new paradigm emerges to replace it. In this article, we argue that the recent shift in researcher attention toward basic cognitive processes that give rise to decision phenomena constitutes the beginning of that replacement paradigm. Models grounded in basic perceptual, attentional, memory, and aggregation processes have begun to proliferate. The development of this new approach closely aligns with Kuhn's notion of paradigm shift, suggesting that this is a particularly generative and revolutionary time to be studying decision science.

The Paris Commune and the Literature of the North

Previous articleNext article No AccessArticleThe Paris Commune and the Literature of the NorthKristin RossKristin Ross Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Critical Inquiry Volume 41, Number 2Winter 2015 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/679076 Views: 483Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref © 2015 by The University of Chicago. 0093-1896/15/4102-0017$10.00. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Sonia Arribas ‘A bit of bread and cheese’: what people eat in revolutionary times, Studia Neophilologica 11 (Apr 2020): 1–18.https://doi.org/10.1080/00393274.2020.1751699Petra Rethmann Internationalism, temporality and hope: a view from Eastern Europe and the Left, Social Anthropology 23, no.44 (Nov 2015): 480–491.https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12265

Translating Revolutionary Time: French Republican Almanacs in the United States

Almanacs, because of their utility and commonality, have often been used as political tools. When French revolutionaries decided that to republicanize France they had to republicanize their calendar, because they believed almanacs could shape people’s daily lives, their relationship to nature, and their loyalties to the state. This paper argues that French Republican almanacs published in both France and the United States, even when they were impractical, relied on the generic power of almanacs to further their political cause. It also argues that these almanacs functioned as intermediaries tying together localities and ideas.

The Paradox of Explosive and Gradual Policy Change in Political Revolutionary Times

Many political revolutionary theorists have argued that political revolutionary activity occurs in a dramatic fashion resulting in explosive change in the orientation of established policy regimes resulting in radically new public policy outputs and governmental organizational structures. This research, quantitatively analyzing political revolutions that culminated in the 20th century, confirms that short-term political revolutionary activity and the establishment of new policy regimes were few in number. Most successful political revolutionary activities along with new policy regimes were long-term while some political revolutions were not successful. The process of political revolutionary activity to overthrow established policy regimes is a complex phenomenon with political and policy change occurring across widely varying time frames.

Zhu Yong, Fanyuedu: Gemingshiqi de shentishi (CounterReading: A History of the Body in Revolutionary Times),

Charles Wright Mills indicated in his classic book The Sociological Imagination that one of sociology’s assignments is to distinguish “personal troubles” from “public issues” (1959, Chapter 1). This distinction is an essential tool of the sociological imagination, which is a term that Mills invented, and a feature of all classic work in social science. People might consider their lives traps that they cannot escape; for example, people in China who have experienced “the decade of turmoil” (re...

Biological engineering, risk, and uncertainty.

AbstractMost discussions about the risks associated with synthetic biology tend to begin and end with the same message. That is, in these revolutionary times, when the capabilities for designing and reengineer­ing biological agents are advancing at previously unimag­inable rates but have still not realized their full potential, when risks therefore remain uncertain, and where the actors are generally well‐meaning people who seek im­portant benefits for society and environment, the most reasonable approach is to exercise “prudent vigilance,” to minimize proscriptive oversight, and to avoid judgments about and limitations on research until some elusive date when greater clarity might be achieved. This approach may be useful in allowing scientific research to move forward, but it strikes me as a politi­cal expedient that minimizes conflict between would‐be opposing factions with different values and backgrounds and as an excuse to avoid some difficult problems. Uncertainties about key features of the landscape seem to justify a reluctance to formulate judgments and promote action. I believe there are reasonable kinds of conclusions that can be made right now about when and how to con­duct and publish potentially dangerous research in the life sciences. These conclusions are enabled by a more rigorous examination of the nature of uncertainty in the conduct of experiments in synthetic biology and genetic engineering.

A TURNING POINT FORGUOHUA?: XU BEIHONG AND TRANSFORMATIVE ENCOUNTERS WITH THE SOCIALIST SPIRIT, 1933–1953

This article investigates a transformative encounter between the Chinese artist Xu Beihong (徐悲鴻 1895–1953) and audiences in the Soviet Union during his 1933–1934 exhibitions of Chinese art in Europe. While Xu was exchanging perspectives and addressing questions about Chinese painting, a misreading of one of his paintings sparked in him a reconsideration of content and form that eventually led to the creation of some of the earliest Socialist realist ink-and-color paintings in China. This addition to his repertoire is arguably more significant to his legacy than his most popular works because of the way it heralded the coming Socialist realist evolution in guohua (國畫 national painting) and the manner in which Xu's choices would meet the ideological needs of the Communist Party well before it secured authority over the direction of China's arts. Special attention is paid to situating Xu's personal work vis-a-vis Republican and revolutionary art and explaining how the concurrent political milieu paved the way for both the prestige of his art in popular and cultural memory and the unprecedented stature of his art education methodologies in China's revolutionary times.

Where in the World Is My Information?: Giving People Access to Their Data

Willis Ware and his committee developed their principles in a world where business and government information systems were very different from today's interconnected and complex environment. They foresaw that the rise of computer information processing capability would place more strain on individual privacy, but they would have been hard-pressed to see just how far that capability would go. We're living in revolutionary times, but the reason for the principles--particularly the right to access information--is as sound and fundamental as it ever was.

The Politics of the Provisional: Art and Ephemera in Revolutionary France

What does history look like? How was the temporality of the French Revolution envisaged? And in what ways was the French Revolution reproducible? These are some of the provocative questions explored by Richard Taws’ masterful new book. Hailed by Lynn Hunt as one of the most original and sophisticated additions to the field in recent years, in many ways Taws’ takes up Hunt’s own preoccupations with revolutionary time and revolutionary vision. Through a dramatic enlargement of the sources under discussion—scrutinising banknotes and passports as well as almanacs and caricatures—Taws is able to identify recurrent and pervasive anxieties about the precariousness of the Revolution. Long overlooked by conventional art histories, the printed ephemera of the 1790s—a genre of cultural production which was ‘always already about time’—proves in Taws’ account the ideal lens for examining how the revolutionaries grappled with their own exceptional present and unstable efforts to fix themselves in history.

Radical Moves: Caribbean migrants and the politics of race in the Jazz Age by Lara Putnam, and: Africa Speaks, America Answers: Modern jazz in revolutionary times by Robin D.G. Kelley (review)

Radical Moves: Caribbean migrants and the politics of race in the Jazz Age by Lara Putnam, and: Africa Speaks, America Answers: Modern jazz in revolutionary times by Robin D.G. Kelley (review)

Media Industries in Revolutionary Times

This essay explores media industries in revolutionary times. Against the backdrop of the Arab uprisings, with specific references to Egypt, Syria, and Tunisia, I summarize shifts that have occurred in the transnational, pan-Arab media sphere and provide snapshots of national media systems in flux. The Arab uprisings have spawned a wide array of new media, including a variety of new television channels, online media portals, digital video series, comedy programs, talk shows, and religious content. How these institutional and aesthetic developments will be integrated into national and pan-Arab media industries is an important question. In addition, entertainment has become a major issue of contention as Islamists of various stripes have ascended to power in Arab Spring countries and have worked to morally reshape the media industries, encountering vociferous resistance from creative people in arts and media and from counterrevolutionary forces most clearly visible in Egypt, which is reverting to a military dictatorship. Though the current situation is too chaotic to predict future trends, this essay tries to raise questions about new dynamics of production, precarity, and authorship in still-evolving revolutionary contexts.

Charles Ferris: Jimmy Carter's FCC Innovator

Between 1977 and 1981, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Charles Ferris directed the FCC as it made history by modifying U.S. radio and telecommunications law. It was a revolutionary time, but for the most part neither Ferris, nor the man who appointed him, President Jimmy Carter, has received much credit for their role in remaking regulatory policy. Perhaps even more importantly, Ferris changed the philosophy of how the FCC went about rulemaking, which continues to guide the Commission to this day. This study—utilizing, in part, Ferris' own words—seeks to correct the record regarding the impact he had.

Ruth First: a revolutionary life in revolutionary times

Writing about the life of Olive Schreiner, Ruth First hoped that biography could capture the dilemmas of a white South African woman and writer at the turn of the twentieth century, caught in a world that made her, but in which she could not bear to live as it was. Ruth First too struggled her entire life against the injustices of race and class in southern Africa, but she did so with a confidence, joy and energy that Schreiner never achieved. Written on the basis of conversations with Ruth First in Mozambique in the last period of her life, this paper explores the possibilities and dilemmas posed by her commitment to a disciplined collective revolutionary project embedded in strong nationalist movements.

The land grab, finance capital, and food regime restructuring: the case of Egypt

The role of Egyptian finance capital in acquiring (and attempting to acquire) agricultural land in southern neighbouring countries since the 2007–2008 food-fuel-financial crisis represents in part the southward expansion of the frontier in Egypt, or new socio-ecological spaces for heightened capital accumulation. This expansion, heralded by processes of financialisation, is the latest wave of corporate consolidation of the country's agri-food system. This paper offers an historical analysis of frontier making in modern-day Egypt and how it has been shaped by relations between Egypt and Sudan within a restructuring hegemonic state system, from the nineteenth century to present-day revolutionary times. Then, a case study of one Egyptian financial firm, Citadel Capital, is detailed to demonstrate that the ‘global land grab’ reflects food regime restructuring with the end of cheap food and oil – and greater food insecurity and political instability in Egypt and in southern neighbouring countries.

Sovereignty, intervention, and social order in revolutionary times

AbstractThis article explores how sovereignty and (non-)intervention are implicated in the (re)production of specific social orders. Sovereignty and the non-interference principle circumscribe ‘domestic’ politics from ‘the international’, defining who is legitimately included or excluded from the struggles that determine political and social orders. State managers seek to admit forces and resources favourable to the order they are seeking to create, whilst excluding those deleterious to it. In revolutionary periods, however, these attempts to ‘cage’ social relations often crumble as transnational forces engage in fierce, multifaceted conflicts overlapping territorial borders. In such circumstances, both norms of non-interference and practices of intervention may be used by dominant forces to help contain the spread of sociopolitical conflict and to strengthen their hand in the struggle to (re)define social order. Sovereignty regimes are thus shaped by the strategies and ideologies of the various social groups locked in conflict at a particular historical moment. This argument is illustrated through the case of Cold War Southeast Asia, where sovereignty and intervention were both used to stabilise capitalist social order and curtail transnational, radical threats from below.

American Zion: the Old Testament as a political text from the Revolution to the Civil War

The Bible has always been an integral part of American political culture. Yet in the years before the Civil War, it was the Old Testament, not the New Testament, that pervaded political rhetoric. From Revolutionary times to about 1830, numerous American politicians, commentators, ministers, and laymen depicted their young nation as a new, God-chosen Israel and relied on the Old Testament for political guidance. In this original book, historian Eran Shalev closely examines how this powerful predilection for Old Testament narratives and rhetoric in early America shaped a wide range of debates and cultural discussions - from republican ideology, constitutional interpretation, southern slavery, and more generally the meaning of American nationalism to speculations on the origins of American Indians and to the emergence of Mormonism. Shalev argues that the effort to shape the United States as a biblical nation reflected conflicting attitudes within the culture - proudly boastful on the one hand, but uncertain about its abilities and ultimate destiny on the other. With great nuance, American Zion explores for the first time the meaning and lasting effects of the idea of the United States as a new Israel, and sheds new light on our understanding of the nation's origins and culture during the founding and antebellum decades.

ROBIN D. G. KELLEY. Africa Speaks, America Answers: Modern Jazz in Revolutionary Times.

ROBIN D. G. KELLEY. Africa Speaks, America Answers: Modern Jazz in Revolutionary Times.

Kelley, Robin D. G. Africa Speaks, America Answers. Modern Jazz in Revolutionary Times

Kelley, Robin D. G. Africa Speaks, America Answers. Modern Jazz in Revolutionary Times