Revolutionary Innovation Research Articles

Forming the values of the digital sociality and the digital human in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution

Relevance of the research topic. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the impact of digitalization on the formation of value orientations in the conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is becoming increasingly important, because we live in a digital era, which is determined by algorithms, bits, big data, reformatting the physical world.
 The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the formation of value orientations in the conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, associated with the formation of the concept of a digital society, a digital person, digital culture and their influence on a person, his consciousness, worldview, culture, identity. The digital society is changing not only what we do, but also who we are and should become. The new technological revolution affects what values ​​a person has, how hierarchical structures are built, how human capabilities expand.
 Research objectives: 1) to reveal the model of thinking for the formation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution; 2) identify the conditions for the formation of the concept of a digital society, digital person, digital culture in the context of theoretical and methodological foundations; 3) justify the application of the methodology - a set of axiological, synergistic, cultural-creative methods necessary for deep penetration into the essence of digital values; 4) identify revolutionary innovations (from biotechnology to artificial intelligence) that redefine what it means to “be human” in the digital era and what are its value orientations. Digital technologies are pushing the modern boundaries of lifespan, health, cognition and potentiality in ways that were previously considered fantastic. Today we have to think about how to respond to new phenomena like the extension of life, "engineered children", the removal of information from human memory, and much more.
 Research result. A model of thinking is revealed, which is based on certain digital orientations for the formation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The conditions for the formation of a digital society, a digital person, a digital culture that affect the change in the values ​​of a digital society are identified. The application of the methodology is substantiated - a set of methods of axiological, synergistic, cultural-creative analysis necessary for deep penetration into the essence of the values ​​of the digital society. Revolutionary innovations (from biotechnology to artificial intelligence) have been identified that redefine what it means to “be human” in the digital age.
 Key words: digital society, digital society values, Fourth Industrial Revolution

Coloration with nanoparticles: Scope for developing simultaneous colouring and functional properties onto textile surfaces—a short review

AbstractTraditional textile dyeing using synthetic organic dyes is a hazardous method and requires the appropriate treatment of wastewater (i.e., effluent) after the dyeing process. Over time, numerous more environmentally‐friendly dyeing techniques have been innovated as a counter dyeing technique against this traditional dyeing method. Among them, nano‐coloration technology is a revolutionary innovation where textile dyeing can be carried out using solely some typical nanoparticles rather than using an organic dye, which is relatively more sustainable and green, compared to the traditional method. To date, several novel nanoparticles have been considered for a varied class of textiles and they have shown great potential in developing colour and numerous functional properties, namely antimicrobial, hydrophilic, self‐cleaning, ultraviolet (UV) protection, flame retardance and so on. Here, in this review, the recent advances regarding the uses of these nanoparticles as a novel class of colourants for the textile substrates are discussed while their related challenges and future opportunities are also analysed.

The State and Revolutions. Part VII. Formation of the consolidated, socially protected society as the main function of the state, which guarantees its existence, stable development and national security

The article is devoted to the problems of formation of the consolidated, socially protected society as the main function of the state, which guarantees its existence, stable development and national security.
 It was found that the power of state, state apparatus, military and security services, but not the fantastic revolutionary ideas and innovations, are the real fundament of the statehood, because they give the opportunity to keep the power as well as to realize the political will.
 The authors tell about the advantages of the aristocratic and meritocratic rule, and, at the same time, say that even the rule of the “bad” ruler is better that the adventurous attempt to overthrow him.
 The vitality of the new regimes, which came to the power with the help of the popular revolution and the military coup, was characterized.
 The authors say that the state contributes to the formation of the nation as the unitary political community. The realization of this mission demands the creative activity of the state and the development of the internal trans-regional business and economic ties, which should unite the society and guarantee its welfare. At the same time, the liberal line of policy of the “minimal” state is harmful, because it prevents the creation of these ties, excludes the ability of the state to development, makes the state dependence on foreigners and is advantageous to kleptocracy and oligarchy. It was noted that the experience of many countries shows the advisability of anti-liberal policy.
 It was substantiated that the formation of the middle class and the social state, as the important grounds of the social stability, are connected with the ideas of the welfare state, paternalistic and etatistic state. The main aspects of the etatistic state activity were disclosed.
 It was emphasized that it is inadmissible of glorify the revolutions. The authors say that the civic consciousness should be formed on the principles of etatism and conservatism. The main grounds of the formation of the consolidated, socially protected society and the prevention of revolutions, etc. were covered and summarized

Impact of Social Media on Geopolitics and Economic Growth: Mitigating the Risks by Developing Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Computing Tools.

Social media is one of the most revolutionary innovations in computer science that facilitates connecting people in the world to share information, ideas, and thoughts. In recent years, social media has demonstrated tremendous growth, which has affected individuals, businesses, communities, and economies. The focus of the present study is to identify the impact of social media on geopolitics and economic growth. The study is based on a systematic review of previous literature on the subject. It has been revealed through the findings that social media impacts geopolitics by decreasing the level of censorship and increasing the spread of news or information, while it also enables the politicians to influence individuals over online social networks through the great level of access. On the other hand, it has been identified that social media has both positive and negative impacts on geopolitics and economic growth. Social media is able to unite diverse groups and individuals spread across the planet dedicated to specific issues. The formation of communities and the ability of social media to unite groups show how social media could contribute positively to geopolitics and economic growth. But it decreases the productivity level of the individuals; on the other hand, it does contain the potential to create a participatory economy, which can be beneficial for a particular country. Some argue that social sharing has encouraged people to use computers and mobile phones to express their concerns on social issues without actually having to engage actively with campaigns in real life. Their support is limited to pressing the “Like” button or sharing content. This study performs a thorough study selection exercise and a quality assessment to ensure that the present study is valuable to academia and the relevant stakeholders, especially the experts of computer science who can develop the smartest artificial intelligence and cognitive computing tools that can help mitigate those risks of social media for the geopolitically volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world and ensure smooth economic growth.

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Abstract. Innovation activity is a powerful catalyst for economic development, modernization of technology, production technology, improvement of management system that allow the enterprise to adapt its products, services to market demands, as well as reorganize the peacetime production economy into economy in special conditions, such as unpredictable military actions to preserve achievements of Ukraine, reduce costs, stabilize and improve financial and economic results and survive. Before the imposition of martial law, our country, together with the world, entered the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, where the technologies of IKT era were introduced. After the introduction, logistical problems were created, transport infrastructure was destroyed, and production processes were disrupted. An important part of the state social and economic policy is innovation policy. It is reflected in the various stages of the innovation revolution. This will solve the problems of the economic situation that arose after the war. Purpose. The aim of the article is consists of : - assessment of scientific approaches to the definition of the concept �innovation� - revealing the essence and interconnection of the concepts of novelty, newness, innovation; - consideration of the main stages of the innovation life cycle. Results. Today, the world is at the crossroads of systems, both social and political, and if half a century ago policy was directed at saving millions of people from hunger, begging and was supported by the state and global politics, today it works against humanity[17]. Theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of innovations were laid by such worldrenowned scientists � economists as P. Drucker [3] and leading domestic researchers Yu. M. Bazhal [1], Yu. A. Danilenko [2], M. I. Krupka [5], M. I. Tugan-Baranovsky [13], who did considerable payment not only for World economy but also for native economy. Conclusions. Analyzing various definitions of innovations, we can conclude that innovations are of paramount importance for economic and social development of the state; we can claim that foreign and domestic scientists pay much attention to research on various aspects of innovation sphere. Innovation is the end result of innovative activity, which is embodied in the form of a new or improved product launched on the market or an improved technological result used in the practice of the enterprise. Ukraine's economy has a budget deficit, declining national income, disrupted balance of payments and trade, relocation of business activity, which together determine the state's capabilities, both financial and legal, which needs to address many complex issues and implement both national and regional programs that require intellectual and material costs. The main aim of economic policy of our state is to increase the welfare of the population and increase national competitive goods. This requires the maintenance of stable relationships between education, science and business, which directs the direction of innovation. Ukraine�s economy is experiencing a decline in GDP, imbalances in the balance of payments. It determines the financial and legal capabilities of the state, helps to implement national and regional programs. Ukraine is a strong state that has the scientific, resource potential and desire to live.

Artificial Intelligence's Role in the Growth of Entrepreneurship Development

Innovation is also an essential part of a business start-up process. Many new ventures grow around a creative idea or a decision to put a new company model on the market. Spontaneously, some revolutionary innovations arise, but most commonly, they emerge out of a deliberately designed and organised phase of the invention. They will need a detailed strategic strategy to bring one's designs to fruition and funding to help users design, test, and sell the inventions. To minimise operating costs, improve performance, increase sales and enhance customer service, many organisations use artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Businesses should consider putting the entire range of intelligent technology into their systems and goods, including artificial learning, natural language processing and more, for the maximum gain. Also, companies that are new to AI, though, will reap big rewards.

Emerging Logic Devices beyond CMOS.

Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors for logic computing have represented the most essential foundation of digital electronic technologies for decades toward the modern information era. The continuous scaling down of the transistor feature size has promoted significant improvements in the computing performance while gradually tending to its limit. Ubiquitous intelligent technologies have quickly penetrated daily life, yielding a tremendous increase in highly data-centric computing applications. Hence, emerging logic devices extending and even transcending the existing CMOS technology are urgently needed to meet the rapidly growing demand for information processing capability, involving revolutionary innovations from material science and architecture design to device applications. This thus gives us the opportunity to realize logic devices for state-of-the-art computing that are fundamentally far beyond the current devices. In this Perspective, we discuss the recent innovative design strategies of emerging logic devices along with the opportunities and challenges, providing a promising avenue toward high-performance and diversiform logic computing in the post-Moore era.

Policies and exploitative and exploratory innovations of the wind power industry in China: The role of technological path dependence

Exploitative innovation emphasizes the refinement of technologies. For example, the super long and super flexible blade is an improvement on the traditional blade. Exploratory innovation emphasizes the breakthrough of technological trajectories. The floating offshore wind turbine represents a revolutionary innovation. For survival and prosperity, wind power enterprises need to excel simultaneously at both exploitative and exploratory innovations. The Chinese government has issued a series of wind power innovation policies, but their impact on exploitative and exploratory innovations is not clear. Moreover, technological path dependence describes the connection between intertemporal innovations. The prevalence of QWERTY keyboard is the best case. While the effect of technological path dependence on the impact of innovation policies is also unknown. Using micro-data from listed Chinese wind power enterprises from 2006 to 2019, this study clarifies the effects of innovation policies on exploitative and exploratory innovations, and assesses the moderating effect of technological path dependence. Our results indicate that the effects of wind power innovation policies are significant, yet ambiguous. All categories of policies improve exploitative innovation, but negatively impact exploratory innovation. Besides, technological path dependence positively moderates the positive relationship between policy and exploitative innovation and the negative relationship between policy and exploratory innovation.

Origin of superior pseudocapacitive mechanism of transition metal nitrides

Large-scale deployment of Internet of Things (IoT), a revolutionary innovation for a better world, is hampered by the limitation of energy self-sufficiency. Constructing transition metal nitride (TMN)-based micro-supercapacitors is a possible solution by taking advantage of the high conductivity, large specific capacitance, and large tap density of the materials. However, the pseudocapacitive storage mechanism of TMNs is still unclear consequently impeding the design of microdevices. Herein, the functions and mechanism of TMNs with different metal oxynitride (TMNOx) concentrations in pseudocapacitive electrodes are investigated systematically by in situ Raman scattering, ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as ion isolation and substitution cyclic voltammetry. It is found that the specific capacitances of TMNs depend on the TMNOx concentrations and the N–M–O site is responsible for the large pseudocapacitance via the Faradic reaction between TMNOx and OH–. Our study elucidates the mechanism pertaining to pseudocapacitive charge storage of TMNs and provides insights into the design and optimization of TMNOx as well as other electrode materials for pseudocapacitors.

The Utility of Blockchain Technology in the Electronic Commerce of Tourism Services: An Exploratory Study on Romanian Consumers

Blockchain technology is considered one of the most revolutionary innovations that has much to offer the tourism industry, having a positive impact among consumers with the help of interactive applications but also easy to use. Tourist services must constantly evolve in a society where the consumer has everything a click away and his requirements are demanding when it comes to quality leisure. Blockchain technology has the power to change the course of the travel experience, offering the customer more autonomy, but the applications developed by the providers can offer transparency and trust to the customers from the moment T0, when the desire to go on a trip is born, until the end at which it should provide feedback. So far, digital and tourism specialists have not agreed on the development of blockchain-based applications, although the benefits are great for both consumers and tourism service providers, as in this publication we can see a series of advantages that blockchain technology can offer the tourism field. This paper also investigates the satisfaction that the Romanian consumer has after purchasing tourist services through e-commerce applications, a satisfaction that can be an additional motivation for specialists to implement blockchain technology. Following the research in this paper, it can be seen how important it is to develop a series of easy-to-use applications, because if the consumer does not manage to use the applications, this affects the degree of satisfaction and the intention to continue using the online applications for the purchase of tourism services.

Self-Adaptive Fuzzy Control Approach for Jack-up Rig Jacking System Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Many offshore projects, such as offshore oil and gas exploration and offshore wind farm development, have required controlling the position of elevating the hull in a stable and balanced manner in recent years. The Jack-up Rig (JuR) jacking control systems are a revolutionary innovation that is already being employed in offshore drilling and other maritime structures. The system is utilized automatically to control and stabilize the position of the JuR during sea state disturbances to keep platforms from being displaced. As a result, developing an improved control theory for the Jacking system (JS) of a JuR is very important. In this paper, First, we investigate how to adapt to the effects of external forces and hydrodynamic amplification using a particle swarm optimization strategy based on a fuzzy controller. Then, using the fuzzy controller as the foundation, we proposed the PSO - Self Adaptive Fuzzy Controller (PSO-SAFC) guaranteed by Lyapunov criteria and compares it with other fuzzy-based algorithms to show the benefit of adaptively and stability of the system. To verify the proposed algorithm, embedded STM32F746VG central processor used to build the algorithm and run Simulink models on Matlab, the collected data on the positions of the legs and the tilt compared it to the setting command values to move the Rig body and provided control signals to the Drive system. Eventually, the advantages of the proposed approach are demonstrated by the simulation and experiment outcomes.

Трехмерная реконструкции объекта по одному изображению с использованием глубоких свёрточных нейронных сетей

The automatic creation of three-dimensional prototypes and digital copies of three-dimensional objects of the real world is a revolutionary innovation that is actively used today in many areas of human activity, for example, for identification in smartphones and e-commerce applications, as well as in visualization and design systems. This trend has intensified now that additive technologies have become available to a wide range of users, and large-scale storage of three-dimensional objects are becoming increasingly popular and widespread. One of the tasks that a person solves every day on an unconscious level is the cognition of images: visual, sound intelligible, tactile and others. Thanks to image recognition, it is possible to identify people by external signs and distinguish them from each other, identify sounds, classify different objects by similar properties, and also accurately determine the subjective characteristics of the observed objects, such as color, shape, volume and depth. The problem of recognizing images of objects of the surrounding world and understanding their scale and volume by two-dimensional projections is one of the most urgent and studied problems solved by computer vision methods. However, this class of tasks is quite difficult to formalize, which makes their solution time-consuming to develop and implement. The article describes the development of a software package that re-constructs three-dimensional scenes according to their projections using neural network machine learning methods: the basics of three-dimensional reconstruction are considered, a model of the general architecture of the PAK is proposed, the architecture is introduced the developed neural network, the results of training and test experiments.

Artificial Intelligence in Endodontics: A Peek into the Future

The past few decades have seen a technological breakthrough with the adoption of digital workflow in various fields of dentistry. This has assisted clinicians in effective decision-making, thus reducing the enormous amount of workload. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one such revolutionary innovation that possesses the potential to simulate human acumen by learning data patterns. Under the vigilance of a dental surgeon, AI can serve as an excellent supplemental tool to carry out tasks such as taking history, compiling, and processing patients’ data, and later extracting the same to aid the clinician in diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment-related predictions. This brief review aims to appraise the current and the probable applications of AI in the field of endodontics such as assessing the level of case difficulty, determining aberrant root morphology, detecting carious and periapical lesions, and defining the viability of stem cells in regenerative treatment.

Security issues of the Web of Things: challenges and solutions

Our world is hugely impacted by revolutionary innovations in telecommunication technologies where connected objects increase rapidly. The Web of Things (WoT) represents the most promising application models of the Internet of Things (IoT). The ultimate goal of the WoT is to create a search engine where the user or devices can find other devices anywhere and anytime in order to take advantage of the resources of other devices. Nowaday, IoT systems imperatively need scalability and flexible coupling, which are easily offered by WoT. However, researchers have raised some concerns about the security of WoT. This paper provides a recent review of WoT literature. A special attention is accorded to the most relevant WoT security issues. Our paper also deals with the most important attacks in the domain and with some selected security solutions.

Development of wireless controlled robot arm for industrial applications

In the past decade, revolutionary innovations in allied technology have given rise to the design and construction of ubiquitous mechatronic systems for different domains of industrial applications. The process and manufacturing industries have a lot of areas that are hazardous to direct human interaction. Therefore, development of a wirelessly controlled robotic arm akin to human skills is urgently needed in industrial applications. Further, the deployment of the Arduino Uno microcontroller platform has very promising features for designing mechatronic systems. So, it is proposed to develop a wirelessly controlled robotic arm. In this proposed article, a robot arm having the ability to move in four directions (up, down, left, and right) has been constructed. This controlled mobility is achieved with the help of a 4-DOF (Degree of Freedom) design deploying two types of servo motors, the SG90 and the MG996R. The Bluetooth module, HC- 05, is interfaced to achieve wireless communication. These devices are wired around the powerful electronic platform "Arduino Uno microcontroller," and an Android-based application is deployed on a smart phone to control this robotic arm wirelessly. The prototype of the Wireless Robotic Arm (WRA) is designed and developed successfully in the laboratory for industrial applications, pick-and-place operations, and it works smoothly and has good repeatability.

Technology Roadmap for Aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul

Nowadays, the demand for aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) is constantly growing. The market size of the European MRO segment is estimated to be USD 206.13 billion in 2022, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 2.8% between 2022 and 2030 [1]. This forecast is a good indication of the growth in the number of incoming assignments. As a result, airlines and aircraft operators will increasingly rely on companies with experience in the MRO field to perform maintenance and repair work. Furthermore, as many airlines now choose to outsource maintenance and repair, this will further increase the load on MRO companies. As the number of incoming jobs increases, the companies concerned are constantly looking for and implementing new and better methods and technologies, with another aim of gaining a larger market share. Moreover, as there is still scope for the development and introduction of new technologies and processes in this area, a significant number of research and development projects are underway or in the pipeline. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to use the available information to present a generalised technology roadmap for the companies involved in MRO activities and, on this basis, to collect, present and categorise the state-of-the-art developments in the MRO sector, highlighting what the future will hold for companies that incorporate these revolutionary innovations into their daily work processes.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЯК ФАКТОРУ РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІК КРАЇН СВІТУ

In the course of the conducted research, it was determined that in modern conditions, during the rapid development of scientific and technical progress, the leading place in the economies of countries is given to innovative activity. The article is devoted to determining the essence and economic content of innovative activity as a factor of the country's economic development and a component that determines the competitive position of its enterprises on the domestic and international markets in the modern paradigm of economic development. It has been investigated that the dynamic development of the innovation system of a specific country, as well as the issue of its national security, cannot be achieved without the creation of an effective national innovation system, because today the modern socioeconomic development of each country must be based on the maximum use of the country's innovation potential, as well as the determination of its own innovation path development Activation of state regulation of innovative activities is a top priority for supporting innovative development, since only the state can ensure the effective development of innovations, science and technology. The state regulation of innovative activity in the world economy is described on the example of the leading countries of the world: USA, Japan, Switzerland and Sweden. and the reasons for the emergence of new ways of regulating innovative activity are also determined. It has been studied that the basis of the innovative development of these countries is the creation of revolutionary innovations, the modernization of already existing technologies, the expansion of the innovation infrastructure, the financing of innovative projects at all stages, and the promotion of the implementation of innovations. An optimization model of state regulation of innovative activities of enterprises in the world economy has been justified. It has been investigated that the process of creation and implementation of innovations is quite complex, although the maximization of innovation results worldwide requires the implementation of effective policies to maximize and optimize one's own innovation results.

An Innovative Roadmap to Value Co-Creation in Agriculture

Book review: Campos H. (ed.). 2021. The Innovation Revolution in Agriculture: A Roadmap to Value Creation. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030- 50991-0

Major Evolutionary Transitions and the Roles of Facilitation and Information in Ecosystem Transformations

A small number of extraordinary “Major Evolutionary Transitions” (METs) have attracted attention among biologists. They comprise novel forms of individuality and information, and are defined in relation to organismal complexity, irrespective of broader ecosystem-level effects. This divorce between evolutionary and ecological consequences qualifies unicellular eukaryotes, for example, as a MET although they alone failed to significantly alter ecosystems. Additionally, this definition excludes revolutionary innovations not fitting into either MET type (e.g., photosynthesis). We recombine evolution with ecology to explore how and why entire ecosystems were newly created or radically altered – as Major System Transitions (MSTs). In doing so, we highlight important morphological adaptations that spread through populations because of their immediate, direct-fitness advantages for individuals. These are Major Competitive Transitions, or MCTs. We argue that often multiple METs and MCTs must be present to produce MSTs. For example, sexually-reproducing, multicellular eukaryotes (METs) with anisogamy and exoskeletons (MCTs) significantly altered ecosystems during the Cambrian. Therefore, we introduce the concepts of Facilitating Evolutionary Transitions (FETs) and Catalysts as key events or agents that are insufficient themselves to set a MST into motion, but are essential parts of synergies that do. We further elucidate the role of information in MSTs as transitions across five levels: (I) Encoded; (II) Epigenomic; (III) Learned; (IV) Inscribed; and (V) Dark Information. The latter is ‘authored’ by abiotic entities rather than biological organisms. Level IV has arguably allowed humans to produce a MST, and V perhaps makes us a FET for a future transition that melds biotic and abiotic life into one entity. Understanding the interactive processes involved in past major transitions will illuminate both current events and the surprising possibilities that abiotically-created information may produce.

Borders in the context of historical evolution: conceptual, philosophical and practical discourse

This article explores several aspects of the Border Phenomenon, such as philosophical, gnoseological, cultural, historical, and practical. Border aspects are treated in the historical civilization and evolutionary aspects. Based on the border analysis in the historical aspect, the authors came to the conclusion that Border, having undergone a long evolutionary way from the borders of tribal society to those of the modern national state, played an important role in ensuring safe functioning of the society, human life, activity of the state, international community development. In the situation of the present-time globalization process, innovative and digital revolution and formation of a new world order the Border is under pressure of new challenges and threats. In its turn, this requires that the state of develop modern forms and methods of border functioning