Communications Revolution Research Articles

«Smart City» in Socio-Political Projection (The Case of Barcelona)

This article reveals the process of becoming a “smart city” based on the materials of Barcelona. The socio-political aspects of the use of “smart city” technologies in the information and communication era are revealed.The authors use of the system method made it possible to study the technologies of the “smart city” in aggregate, and the use of the comparative method made it possible to establish the specifics of the development of Barcelona during the tenure of Mayor Xavier Trias and Ada Colau. The authors draw attention to the reasons for the recognition of the capital of Catalonia as the most high-tech city in the world in 2015. It is emphasized that Barcelona has made a rapid breakthrough in a relatively short period of time, turning into a post-industrial city. It is noted that the driver of Barcelona’s transformation was the holding of the XXV Summer Olympic Games in 1992, which essentially changed the appearance of the city.The authors point to the additional opportunities in city management that the information and communication revolution led to and the speed of the Internet penetration rate. It is emphasized that information and communication technologies led to the transformation of a rigidly vertical bureaucratic system of exercising power and set the vector of its transition to a horizontal (network model) based on the effects of high technologies.It is noted that the modern model of exercising power in Barcelona presupposes the active involvement of citizens in the processes of city management, based on the use of technological platforms that simplify coworking processes.As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the contemporary paradigm of the “smart city” involves the involvement of citizens as active participants in decisionmaking and planning. Attention is focused on the formation of two models of urban governance in Barcelona, differing in the dynamics of the exercise of power and the prevalence of tendencies from “top to bottom” (mayors of the city of K. Trias) and from “bottom to top” (mayor of the city A. Colau). The authors emphasize that modern Barcelona is not only a flagship of technological development, but also a city with democratic traditions and a high level of humancentered orientation.

Low-Temperature Plasma for Biology, Hygiene, and Medicine: Perspective and Roadmap

Plasma, the fourth and most pervasive state of matter in the visible universe, is a fascinating medium that is connected to the beginning of our universe itself. Man-made plasmas are at the core of many technological advances that include the fabrication of semiconductor devices, which enabled the modern computer and communication revolutions. The introduction of low temperature, atmospheric pressure plasmas to the biomedical field has ushered a new revolution in the healthcare arena that promises to introduce plasma-based therapies to combat some thorny and long-standing medical challenges. This article presents an overview of where research is at today and discusses innovative concepts and approaches to overcome present challenges and take the field to the next level. It is written by a team of experts who took an in-depth look at the various applications of plasma in hygiene, decontamination, and medicine, made critical analysis, and proposed ideas and concepts that should help the research community focus their efforts on clear and practical steps necessary to keep the field advancing for decades to come.

International Politics Media and Conflict

Nation States (in the sense of government endeavor to attain the legitimacy and political stability especially in the Third World in their quest for socio-economic development) are endowed differently with resources. These resources, which are in various forms, and are at different levels, are needed by others for their power, development and survival. Thus the interdependent nature of the relations among nation states (asymmetry in some cases) necessitate the need for states to strategize their policies vis-a-avis others. This must be done in an international environment of the ever-present threat of war and destruction Scholars in Peace and Conflict research are well aware of the communications revolution and the media is often mentioned as an important factor. Having said this, like many policy-makers, the media is either assumed to be all-powerful or irrelevant. There are relatively few systematic studies concerning the media and conflict, although interest and the number publications concerning the issue continue to increase and accumulate. Causes of conflict are often divided up into root causes and direct causes. Root causes are related to causes that stem from long-term, large-scale structural factors and these may not always be manifest. Economic factors and political structures are often considered typical root causes. Direct causes resemble trigger events such as, a sudden change in policy, an economic downturn, or a symbolic threat. Reactions as a result of direct causes are more immediate. Root causes are present in all phases of a conflict, including before a conflict escalates to violence and exists even when the conflict is latent. For example, a certain group may be marginalized or excluded from participating in a political system but until voices are heard that contest this exclusion the conflict is not manifest. It is in such situations that conflicts or tensions may be submerged, to successively escalate and transform a latent conflict into a manifest and violent conflict.

The Chinese Latin Alphabet: A Revolutionary Script in the Global Information Age

AbstractThis article rethinks the history of Chinese script reforms and proposes a new genealogy for the Chinese Latin Alphabet (CLA), invented in 1931 by Chinese and Russian revolutionaries in the Soviet Union. Situating script reforms within a global information age that emerged out of the nineteenth-century communications revolution, the article historicizes the CLA within a technologically and ideologically contrived Sino-Soviet space. In particular, it shows the intimate links between the CLA and the Unified New Turkic Alphabet (UNTA), which grew out of a latinization movement based in Baku, Azerbaijan. The primary purpose of the UNTA was to latinize the Arabic script of the Turkic people living in Soviet Central Asia, but it was immediately exported to the non-Turkic world as well in an effort to latinize languages across Eurasia and ignite revolutionary internationalism. This article investigates the forgotten figures involved in carrying the Latin alphabet from Baku to Shanghai and offers a new framework to scrutinize the history of language, scripts, and knowledge production across Eurasia.

Computer Network Attack Detection Using Enhanced Clustering Technologies

The need for security means has brought from the fact of privacy of data especially after the communication revolution in the recent times. The advancement of data mining and machine learning technology has paved the road for establishment an efficient attack prediction paradigm for protecting of large scaled networks. In this project, computer network intrusions had been eliminated by using smart machine learning algorithm. Referring a big dataset named as KDD computer intrusion dataset which includes large number of connections that diagnosed with several types of attacks; the model is established for predicting the type of attack by learning through this data. Feed forward neural network model is outperformed over the other proposed clustering models in attack prediction accuracy.

A modified social spider algorithm for an efficient data dissemination in VANET.

Technical growth in the field of communication and information is an important aspect in the development and innovation of industrial automation and in the recent advances in the field of communications. The recent development of mobile communications has led to worldwide ubiquitous information sharing and has rehabilitated human lifestyles. This communication revolution is now introducing effective information sharing into the automotive industry. The current technology is extending this field of applications for vehicle safety, improving the efficiency in traffic management, offering reliable assistance for drivers and supporting the modern field of vehicle design. With these advances, the vehicular network concept has grabbed worldwide attention. In this article, a novel sampling-based estimation scheme (SES), to initiate the involvements and increase the probabilistic contacts of vehicle communication. The scheme is divided into a few segments, for ease of operations with a perfect sample. The contact duration between two vehicles moving in opposite directions on their overlapped road is lower, but their contact probability is higher. By contrast, the duration of the contact between two vehicles moving in the same direction on their overlapped road is higher, but their contact probability is lower. SES can easily obtain efficient routing by considering the above-mentioned stochastic contacts. Furthermore, we investigate the content transmission among the probabilistic contacts, by using the flow model with probabilistic capacities. The performance of the proposed SES is experimentally validated with the probabilistic contacts in VANETs.

Modern university education and a new perception of the world

Today, education is experiencing radical changes, and its mission is changing dramatically too. The pandemic has significantly spurred this process, forced to take distance education for granted and transfer many individuals to the virtual space. For a very long time the institute of education has acted as the most conservative field of human activity in the modern society. But the current situation is changing rapidly. It is obvious that the next twenty years will be the era of the most radical changes. And the main source of these changes are the scientific, technological, information and communication revolutions, the epidemiological situation, which, like a tsunami, generate changes and determine the nature and content of a new civilization. In this situation, education acts as a center that fills the ongoing changes with content, becomes a value matrix of a different reality. The issues of stability and development of civilization directly depend on education, and education becomes the foundation of a new civilization. There is an understanding in the world that the old cannot be returned, everything will be different. Modern university education for a networked, post-information society can be created only on the basis of the development of new basic values that form a new perception of the world. However, there is a danger that modern education, adopting new values, will turn into a sphere that only imitates its high quality, prestige and success.

Роль "организации сотрудничества социалистических стран в области электрической и почтовой связи" в формировании межгосударственной системы электросвязи (конец 1950-х гг.)

The article examines the process of creating an international organization in the post-war period to ensure scientific and technical cooperation in the field of electrical and postal communications between socialist states and its role in solving the priority tasks and development strategy of the interstate communications system. It is shown how the logic of the unfolding “cold war” forced the Soviet Union, as one of the poles of the emerging bipolar world, to undertake efforts to build its own relatively autonomous “external” electrical communication system (including wire telegraph and telephone communication and radio channels ), which united the national communication systems of the states of the socialist camp - including for lobbying their interests in international communication organizations of the world scale. It is emphasized that the rapid development of technologies, due to the beginning of the scientific and technological revolution in electrical communications, brought to the fore the issues of operational management and rational operation of international segments of communication systems of socialist states: the development of uniform instructions, technical requirements, methodological approaches, unified automation and tariffication of the international network, etc. The need to establish a regular exchange of scientific and technical knowledge is also shown - to coordinate scientific research and eliminate parallelism in their conduct. In preparing the article, materials were used from the funds of the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications of the GDR, as well as the Institute of Postal and Electrical Communications of the GDR, dedicated to the activities of international organizations in the field of communications and stored in the Federal Archives of Germany (Bundesarchiv, Lichterfelde - Berlin). These documentary materials are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

Development of a remote multipurpose body fat Analyser using Bluetooth technology

Weight and height are used to calculate a person's Body Mass Index (BMI), which measures the amount of fat in the body. Because of this, obesity has become the world's leading public health problem. Hypertension, type-2 diabetes, renal illness, respiratory issues, degenerative joint disease, cardiovascular disease, and others are all linked to this. When designing and fabricating a locally built Arduino-based automated BMI machine with LCD display, the goal was to use Hooke's law and acoustic ultrasound waves to make it inexpensive, accurate, robust, and accessible for anyone to check their obesity status on a regular basis. The goal of this project is to automatically compute a person's body mass index (BMI) based on their weight and height and preserve that information in the system's database. For this design project, the proponents created a circuit that integrated an ultrasonic proximity sensor with an optical weight sensor, as well as software for two microcontrollers that govern and operate the whole system. Arduino, SQL Server Management Studio, Microsoft Visual Studio (NET), and Gizduino ATMEGA328 were used in conjunction with the hardware tools of an ultrasonic proximity sensor and a weight sensor (software). Proponents of the gizDuino program released the software programs to Microcontroller Units after a series of tests (MCU). After the program had been uploaded, it was connected to the hardware and tested to see whether it worked. A number of experiments were carried out, and the results show that the automated BMI calculation yields accurate results. An ultrasonic sensor and four load cells are used to measure weight, and an Arduino microcontroller is used to calculate body mass index (BMI). The design has some limitations, such as not being able to accommodate more than one person at a time and not being able to accommodate more than 250 kilograms. Sixty randomly selected students from the FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILE OLUJI were utilized to calculate their BMI using the equipment. To serve as a baseline, the same kids' heights and weights were measured by hand. The standard errors for height, weight, and BMI are 0.01, 0.35, and 0.12, respectively, for manual and designed automatic BMI equipment. Formation of the communication system. It not only meet the document transmission needs of local area of a business, company, school and office data, it can also perform information exchange, storage and processing, provide voice, data and image synthesis in a country or even in the worldwide. The computer communication revolution brings the important facts as follows: There is no essential difference between data processing equipment (computers) and data (switching transmission equipment). There is no essential difference.

Guest Editorial: Smart Meters in the Smart Grid of the Future

While the past 50 years have been dominated by the so-called communication revolution, today, we are at the dawn of the energy revolution. The entire economy is energy driven, being electricity its most important energy vector. By the end of 2040, electricity is expected to contribute up to 40% of the increase in final energy consumption, and concepts, such as smart grid or internet of energy, are now commonplaces in our lexicon. The Paris UN climate change conference agreement has imposed three major changes into the electrical grid paradigm: the need to reduce carbon emissions; the need to decentralize electrical energy production, and the need to increase transport electrification.

Diffuse scattering model for human brain wave (Alpha) propagation prediction during meditation inside a temple, through ray tracing, a hypothetical study

Electromagnetic radio waves have been propagating for billions of years through the universe since the beginning of time. Electromagnetic radio wave propagation and the communication revolution it spawned, however are products of the twentieth century. Radio propagation in a particular environment is a complex, multipath phenomenon which involves several different mechanisms. According to a traditional, simplified approach, two major urban propagation mechanisms are identified over-roof-top (ORT) or vertical propagation (VP), where one major radial path undergoes multiple diffractions on building tops, and lateral propagation (LP) where several rays reflect/diffract all vertical building walls/edges according to the geometrical Optics (GO) rules before reaching the receiver.

Medicine and athletics evolution

The article discusses the most popular type of Olympic movement — athletics. All stages of athletics formation and development are highlighted and described.A connection from ancient athleticism to modern Olympism is described, including the problem of globalization of sports and medical supervision.From the very beginning, athletics has established itself as an international sport in which men and women from all over the world participate.New trends of the late XX — early XXI century have a serious impact on various areas of modern life, including the sports industry and the Olympic movement.The communication revolution has brought not only benefits, but also created new problems. Based on the study of athletics development, it has been established that the Olympic movement remains an important international institution working to strengthen mutual understanding and cooperation between peoples.Further, the International Olympic Committee notes the expansion of educational work to spread the Olympic values and ideals of sport.The article is devoted to topical issues of the Olympic movement, which have a significant impact on social processes.

Communication in the era of digitalization

Russian scientific, technical and innovation policy is aimed at R&D results mainly in the technological sphere, which have little chance of transforming into commercial products due to the incompleteness of the formation of the national innovation system. Its main drawback is the lack of attention to ensuring effective communication between all participants in innovation. The digitalization of the economy is, first of all, the digitalization of communications. The essence of this phenomenon lies in the acquisition by the communication processes and, accordingly, in giving any communication an optimal, unified and most adequate form for the current stage of scientific, technical and innovative development based on a standardset of signals (numbers). The growing communication revolution not only enhances the role of science and innovation as the main instruments of competition, but also contributes to the process of integrating country NIS into the global network structure. The observed restructuring of the global economic space is accompanied by the emergence of digital platforms that are changing the landscape of the global economy by working with big data, gaining control over the functioning of the information circuits of the global economy and ensuring the interaction of all innovative actors through effective communications.

Development of NavIC synchronized fully automated inter-building QKD framework and demonstration of quantum secured video calling

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a revolutionary communication technology that promises ultimate security assurance by exploiting the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. In this work, we report design and development of a fully automated inter-building QKD framework for generation and distribution of cryptographic keys, securely and seamlessly, by executing weak coherent pulse based BB84 protocol. This framework is experimentally validated by establishing a quantum communication link between two buildings separated by ∼300 m of free-space atmospheric channel. A novel synchronization technique enabled with indigenous NavIC (IRNSS) constellation is developed and implemented. This QKD system demonstrates generation of secure key rate as high as 300 Kbps with QBER< 3% for mean photon no. per pulse (μ) of 0.15. The intercept–resend eavesdropping attack has been emulated within the system and evaluated during experiment. A novel quantum secured end-to-end encrypted video calling app (QuViC) is also developed and integrated with QKD framework to demonstrate unconditionally secure two-way communication over Ethernet, functioning alongside with quantum communication.

Rethinking the Dialogue of Cultures in the Conditions of Global Communication and Information Revolution

The purpose of the research is to identify the features of intercultural dialogue in the context of global communication and information revolution, to reveal changes in the principle of intercultural dialogue in the new environment and to show the impact of culture on modern international relations. Research methodology. Analytical research methods based on methods of analysis and synthesis were used by the authors to reveal the essence of dialogue and its disclosure as a universal method of research not only personality but also culture when the cultural basis turns dialogue into the need of everyday life. Scientific novelty. Peculiarities of dialogue as a basis of intercultural interaction in modern conditions are revealed. The concepts of dialogue and discussion, as well as intrapersonal dialogue within each social subject, in the consciousness of each person, where there are two different positions of consciousness, are revealed and analyzed. Conclusions. The study analyzes new approaches to the principle of intercultural dialogue for intercultural interaction. It is shown that modern culture enters into dialogue only as a whole, characterized by the unity of meanings, their perfection and certainty. The circumstances under which culture in times of crisis seeks its paradigm in a new way are analyzed. It is emphasized that each culture enters into a dialogue in its own unique manner. It is proved that culture cannot exist without the eternal search for the Other, comparison and collation with it. The need for intercultural communication for the effective development of modern international relations based on mutual respect and tolerance is studied.

Exploring Social Media Use and Civic Engagement on the Discussion of Antinuclear Issue

Social media has brought a new communication revolution allowing users to connect, share, and discuss public &amp; social opinions with others. The new look at social media has shaped social movements, and provides a fair voice to anyone who can be heard online. This research explores individuals’ civic engagement concerning the environmental issue of nuclear energy on social media. Nuclear energy is a global, social, and environmental issue, the research variables included in this study are self-presentation efficacy, fear of social isolation and stigma consciousness. The findings from this study will have implications for both research and practices, especially help understanding the civic engagement of social movement on social media.

Metaverse as media: Re-evaluating gains and losses of communication

&lt;p class="15" align="justify"&gt;The Metaverse foretells a new round of technological innovation and network integration in the long history of digital revolution. It will not only change the internet industry but also reshape the field of communication. Although the concept of “&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etamedia” precedes the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse, it accurately predicts the dialectical relationship between new media and old media in the digital age, which is always constituting, shaping and relying on each other. Based on this relationship, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse is strengthening a “communication about communication”, that is, the process of “meta-communication”. As a space for &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etamedia and metacommunication, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse, with its internal mechanism and technical characteristics, recalls context and consensus, voices and speech, and at the same time reveals the reflexivity and the infrastructure nature of the media that are neglected before. At the same time, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse could be disembodied, unreal, closed and without privacy, posing serious risks to this new communication revolution.&lt;/p&gt;

Metaverse as media: Re-evaluating gains and losses of communication

&lt;p class="15" align="justify"&gt;The Metaverse foretells a new round of technological innovation and network integration in the long history of digital revolution. It will not only change the internet industry but also reshape the field of communication. Although the concept of “&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etamedia” precedes the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse, it accurately predicts the dialectical relationship between new media and old media in the digital age, which is always constituting, shaping and relying on each other. Based on this relationship, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse is strengthening a “communication about communication”, that is, the process of “meta-communication”. As a space for &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etamedia and metacommunication, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse, with its internal mechanism and technical characteristics, recalls context and consensus, voices and speech, and at the same time reveals the reflexivity and the infrastructure nature of the media that are neglected before. At the same time, the &lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;etaverse could be disembodied, unreal, closed and without privacy, posing serious risks to this new communication revolution.&lt;/p&gt;

English Lingua Franca: New Parameters for the Teaching (and Testing) of English Pronunciation?

The recent (2018) Companion Volume to the Common European Framework offers an overhaul of many of the scales of descriptors, including, notably, phonology. A single, skeletal, scale for ‘phonological control’ is replaced by three scales, describing overall control, sound articulation, and prosodic features. In each of these, the focus has become intelligibility, rather than proximity to a native speaker accent. In this article I examine the development of pronunciation teaching since the communicative revolution, and the rise of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in which intelligibility is crucial. The article concludes with a reflection on how (if at all) the revised framework could inform an ELF aware assessment of pronunciation.

History and Identity in Human Sciences

The human sciences are defined as a group of cognitive activities related to the study of the human self through the language, the history, the social, political, cultural and economic interests. The humanities have never ceased to study experiences and activities related to human beings, who try to deepen human knowledge and develop human resources. This knowledge is closely related to human truth as a phenomenon capable of objective scientific study and the ability of these sciences to understand and explain the various human phenomena using multiple systems of research and experimental, psychological and philosophical methods ... and it is also among the research methodologies related to these sciences. The study of history is not an end in itself, but rather a means to deepen awareness and provide it with historical experiences that help it to see the present and its historical components, and to look at history and its readability as a sustainable state of development. All this made the study of history today a complex, multi-faceted study, where the profound transformations brought about by the information and communication revolutions and globalization caused the restructuring of various aspects of economic, political, civilizational, social and cultural life and the crystallization of the human identity ... That is why many believed that history holds the keys to understand the process of societal, cultural and ideological development and thus the most important forces that control the creation of the future, but today's reality requires intense awareness to prevent the disruption of human values, constants and inherited ties in a time of fear for the homeland, nation and identity.