Communications Revolution Research Articles

An intelligent system for multi-topic social spam detection in microblogging

The communication revolution has perpetually reshaped the means through which people send and receive information. Social media is an important pillar of this revolution and has brought profound changes to various aspects of our lives. However, the open environment and popularity of these platforms inaugurate windows of opportunities for various cyber threats, thus social networks have become a fertile venue for spammers and other illegitimate users to execute their malicious activities. These activities include phishing hot and trendy topics and posting a wide range of contents in many topics. Hence, it is crucial to continuously introduce new techniques and approaches to detect and stop this category of users. This article proposes a novel and effective approach to detect social spammers. An investigation into several attributes to measure topic-dependent and topic-independent users’ behaviours on Twitter is carried out. The experiments of this study are undertaken on various machine learning classifiers. The performance of these classifiers is compared and their effectiveness is measured via a number of robust evaluation measures. Furthermore, the proposed approach is benchmarked against state-of-the-art social spam and anomalous detection techniques. These experiments report the effectiveness and utility of the proposed approach and embedded modules.

Transmission Mysteries: Art and Technophilia

Transmission Mysteries: Art and Technophilia

Deep Learning-Powered Vessel Trajectory Prediction for Improving Smart Traffic Services in Maritime Internet of Things

The maritime Internet of Things (IoT) has recently emerged as a revolutionary communication paradigm where a large number of moving vessels are closely interconnected in intelligent maritime networks. However, the tremendous growth of vessel trajectories, collected from the combined satellite-terrestrial AIS (automatic identification system) base stations, could lead to unsatisfactory maritime safety and efficacy. To promote smart traffic services in maritime IoT, it is necessary to accurately and robustly predict the spatiotemporal vessel trajectories. It is beneficial for collision avoidance, maritime surveillance, and abnormal behavior detection, etc. Motivated by the strong learning capacity of deep neural networks, this work proposes an AIS data-driven trajectory prediction framework, whose main component is a long short term memory (LSTM) network. In particular, the vessel traffic conflict situation modeling, generated using the dynamic AIS data and social force concept, is embedded into the LSTM network to guarantee high-accuracy vessel trajectory prediction. In addition, a mixed loss function is reconstructed to make our prediction results more reliable and robust in different navigation environments. Several quantitative and qualitative experiments have been implemented on realistic AIS-based vessel trajectories. Our results have demonstrated that the proposed method could achieve satisfactory prediction performance in terms of accuracy and robustness.

M-Payment Adoption in SMEs; Virtual Entrepreneurs

The fast growth and adoption of M-payment services has been fueled by the technology and communication revolution. The goal of this study is to examine M-payment adoption and implications among SMEs within informal virtual entrepreneurs and give insights to help them continue their venture operations to compete in a technologically sophisticated environment. The purpose of this research aimed to investigate the unknown facts about the M-payment phenomena from an enterprise standpoint. The current study is quantitative, and the model was created using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 constructs and empirical data from previous literature. A generally verified and reliable model for the study was constructed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model and empirical data. The study's primary data were gathered from 122 SME owners who expanded their enterprises to virtual platforms. The study's findings emphasized that perceived transaction convenience and compatibility, as well as relative advantage and absorptive capacity, have a significant impact on M- payment adoption, while perceived risk has a significant negative impact on M-payment adoption among informal virtual entrepreneurs in the SME context in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, social influence has no influence on M-payment acceptance. The study findings are helpful for developers, vendors, policymakers, and SMEs entrepreneurs in determining the wants of most growing sectors of the economy, and the model established from the current study may be applied for future studies by identifying and eliminating restrictions of the same study.

ANALYSIS OF LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE URBAN-RURAL GRADIENT OF THE METROPOLITAN DISTRICT OF QUITO

In contexts of globalization, economic restructuring and information and communication revolution, the relocation of services in peripheries and new urban expansion patterns have drastically altered periurban landscapes. However, due to its transformation speed, there is limited knowledge regarding the spatiotemporal changes of these interstitial territories. Calculating landscape metrics in high resolution satellite images, this research analyses spatiotemporal transformations in the Metropolitan District of Quito urban-rural gradient, testing a novel and accurate method to identify urbanization tendencies. The results evidence the main role that new road-infrastructures have had in the urban expansion. Also, the analyses identify significant changes in agricultural coverages (related to rural lots subdivision) and the processes of vegetation fragmentation, evidencing the environmental fragility of these territories in transformation. Finally, the Markov chains modelling technique was applied, exploring the landscape change probabilities in the following years. This methodology can be particularly useful in land-use planning policies since it provides precise knowledge about the main tendencies of urbanization.

Towards Self-Powered WSN: The Design of Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Transmission Unit Based on Indoor Solar Energy Harvester

The current revolution in communication and information technology is facilitating the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a broad category of IoT applications. However, power management in WSN poses a significant challenge when the WSN is required to operate for a long duration without the presence of a consistent power source. In this paper, we develop a batteryless, ultra-low-power Wireless Sensor Transmission Unit (WSTx) depending on the solar-energy harvester and LoRa technology. We investigate the feasibility of harvesting ambient indoor light using polycrystalline photovoltaic (PV) cells with a maximum power of 1.4 mW. The study provides comprehensive power management design details and a description of the anticipated challenges. The measured power consumption of the developed WSTx was 0.02109 mW during the sleep mode and 11.1 mW during the operation mode. The harvesting system can harvest energy up to 1.2 mW per second, where the harvested energy can power the WSTx for six hours with a maximum power efficiency of 85.714%.

When “Power” Masquerades as “Care”

When “Power” Masquerades as “Care”

The impact of management information systems on improving employee performance A case study in the Financial and Administrative Department / Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

The study indicated the importance of measuring the impact of management information systems on the performance of employees in the administrative and financial department. Where the size of the study population (203) was chosen from different employees. In addition, the surveys were sent out to various levels of management. The sample for the study was selected using a snowball method, as described by the researchers. There was a total of 57 surveys sent out, but only 55 valid responses.The importance of research lies in the fact that information systems are of particular importance in light of the information and communication revolution, as modern information systems have turned out to be one of the most important sources of technology. The main research problem appears within the scope of the researchers’ observation, bearing in mind that one of the researchers is among the workforce in the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Specifically, this study aims to address the following question: How widespread is the usage of management information systems in the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education? The results showed a statistically significant influence of the gadgets' efficacy on the productivity of staff at the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education. Data about cutting-edge software systems Resources (both human and technological), knowledge, and skill. The effectiveness of the databases, usability, and systems used by the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education.After taking into account all of these factors, the researchers came to the conclusion that the Iraqi Ministry of Education should prioritize improving the effectiveness of its technology and programmers. This recommendation is in line with the fundamental needs of managing contemporary information systems and accounts for the use of Internet and Intranet-based communication technologies. Within this context, the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education

تمثُّلاتُ التَّشيُّؤ في شعر محمد عفيفي مطر

Since the first existence of Man, he has been searching for the realization of his humanity and his existential position on this earth. Despite all his knowledge leaps, scientific and technological progress, artificial intelligence, economic revolution, and modern revolutions, which were later represented in globalization that has made the world a small village, human happiness in the West and East is in clear regression, to the extent that man is no longer in harmony with himself and separated from his society. The economical and communication revolutions have contributed to the alienation of people from their human culture, and brought an unmistakable alienation phenomenon. This is the phenomenon of reification. Perhaps what the twentieth century has produced of modernity and capitalism has not only marginalized man, but rather killed him and revived things. That is why it is not surprising that poets approach the dispossessed man, seeing him characterized by rupture and surrender, even as he achieves some immediate individual pleasure at the expense of long-term collective happiness. This paper is based on a hypothesis that it tries to test. This hypothesis is the emergence of the phenomenon of reification and its representation in the poetry of one of the modernist poets, Muhammad Afifi Mater, due to its frequent use in his poetry with a questioning philosophical vision. The research consists of two parts: the first is theoretical that explains the concept of reification. The second is procedural that tests critical theorizing because the procedural practice is the aim of testing the theory and verifying it on the studied poet.

Plain and easy language as a new trend of communication between the state and society

Analyzing the modern communication practices of authorities at different levels, as well as speeches and posts on social networks of a number of Russian officials, the author of points to noticeable changes in the style of communication between the state and society compared to previous periods. These changes seem to be caused by the need for the authorities to master the increasingly popular new media and communicate with an audience that, due to its training, cannot perceive information in an official style. The trigger of these changes, outlined since the advent of new means of communication and supported by the active spread of the Internet, was the situation of the coronavirus pandemic, which required the state to build crisis communications that require clarity of messages, speed of their delivery and appeal to the emotions of the audience. The noted changes can be considered a trend that will only intensify, including due to the growth in popularity of ‘plain and easy language’ observed in many European countries, which has become a response to the problem of low level of reader literacy. However, it will mainly be supported due to the active development of new formats of communication between the state and society, built on the basis of popular social networks among the audience, which can be considered the result of the so-called fifth communication revolution, which blurs the line between written and oral speech and leads to the emergence of new speech genres. State institutions willingly accept changes and express a desire to seek a new tone of voice in communication with citizens, as well as to learn relevant communication practices.

The Dynamics of Self-determination in the Context of Statehood and Sovereignty in International Law

The dynamics of self-determination have increasingly demanded the attention of academics, policymakers, and the international community in general. This can be attributed to the new age of the communications revolution; peoples are increasingly aware of state systems and how they can be recognized and respected within a state system. These people, largely with peculiarities, whether to be recognized within a state or internationally, are now pushing to exercise what they perceive as their right to self-determination, which in their calculation includes the right to independent statehood; in international law, do these groups have this right? Is this new call a result of the dissolution of imperial powers, neo-decolonization or just increased international consciousness on the subject matter? How should the intelligentsia and the international community approach this issue in our modern-day? History has shown that self-determination movements often resort to violence to achieve targeted aims and objectives. The origins of these movements have continued to be a subject of debate within international relations and international law as well; however, the outside world continues to pay little attention to this thorny matter until conflict breaks out, leaving similarly ambitious groups with the mindset that violence is the only practical course of action. The issue of self-determination is often assessed from a formal, legalistic viewpoint. While most knowledgeable actors continue to address the issue mildly, it should be known that in practicality, the issue is far trickier than it looks on paper. Self-determination encompasses so many issues—including individual and minority rights, autonomy, state repression, territorial integrity, state sovereignty, and claims to independence, to name but a few—the intelligentsia and the international community should see this issue as one that cannot be treated lightly, at least for the sake of protecting lives and property. This paper extensively discusses the concept of statehood in international law, including the issue of state-building and the criteria for the rise of a state established in law. It further examines and interrogates the Montevideo Convention; also, this work explores the recognition of statehood in its classical and modern understanding as it relates to prevailing legal theories.

Conception, Discovery, Invention, Serendipity and Consortia: Cyanobiphenyls and Beyond

In the 1960s, a world-wide change in electronic devices was about to occur with the invention of integrated circuits. The chip was upon us, which instantly created the need for a revolution in visual communication displays. From the watch to the computer monitor, to TVs, to the phone, nearly all everyday applications were affected. A strange connection in technology underpinned these changes; the linkage between silicon semiconductors and organic compounds that did not know if they were solids or liquids. Liquid crystals had been known since 1888 and had seen little usage until they were inserted between conducting glass slides and an applied electric field. Suddenly, the possibility of driving images with low voltage fields became obvious. Many major companies took up the challenge of commercialisation, but in the UK a curious combination of government research facilities, electronic companies and one small university came together in 1970 to form a consortium and within two years the basis for new technologies had been founded. Chemistry is part of this story, with new conceptions, discoveries and inventions, and the luck to be in the right place at the right time.

Design of UTeM logo-shape wearable antenna for communication application by graphene silver nanocomposites

Previously, the antenna conductive patch was made of copper, which was costly, susceptible to multi-fading, bulky, environmentally sensitive, and difficult to produce. Because of their exceptional electrical conductivity and superior strength to metal, while remaining versatile, the miracle nanotechnology of graphene has made them a possible candidate to replace uncompromising copper metallic content. As a result, graphene is incorporated into conductive silver nanocomposites in this work. With the microstrip feeding technology, the suggested antenna design features a logo-shaped made of graphene and silver patch on a textile substrate and radiates at 2.45 GHz frequency. The antenna’s total dimensions are 60×60×1.6 mm. The simulation results were generated using computer simulation technology (CST) studio suite program software, which improved antenna properties including far-fields, return loss, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Wearable antennas are promising and have a bright future, especially with the advent of wireless communication technologies, so this new design is essential for the materials revolution in advanced communication and IR4.0 applications, as well as wireless sensor applications

Towards IoT-based sustainable digital communities

Seeking continuous development, a modern community must also be able to adapt to future possible challenges using constrained or limited resources. As a revolutionary communication paradigm, the Internet of Things (IoT) empowers the cutting-edge and emerging applications which enable manifold new intelligent services towards a smart community. The sophisticated ecosystem of a digital community is made feasible by the IoT infrastructure, which also provides community control with access to a wealth of actual data. In addition, IoT platforms empower the ubiquitous computing ability, providing more potentials to the actuators in perception layer in the IoT architecture. With more and more population in the urban areas, sustainability issues have become a key factor to consider in the development of a digital community. We give a modern survey in this study on the most recent developments in IoT for sustainable digital communities. After carefully examining the most recent literature, we specifically highlight the various smart digital community application scenarios, such as smart buildings, energy management, green transportation, trash management, etc. We also look into a number of major issues facing the use of IoT technology in digital communities. Furthermore, we discuss potential future applications and future research areas for IoT, the critical component of sustainable digital communities.

An efficient spatial transformation-based entropy retained reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted images

A critical issue with the current communication revolution is data security and privacy, which is an inevitable part of trustworthiness in the communication system. Hence, the applicability of the reversible data hiding schemes (RDH) in this scenario is encouraging and critical. Like medical image communication, satellite image transmission, etc. Earlier, we explored Arnold transform in one of our previous works to hide the secret data that uses the convolutional neural network (CNN) model to design a complete RDH scheme. The proposed scheme follows a statistical approach to support recovering the cover image and the embedded information. This approach proves advantageous over the previous work following its computational capability. The scheme designed can retain the entropy of the encrypted images even after embedding the additional information, complementing the security of the encryption algorithm.

Artificial Intelligence and Chatbots in Copywriting – from Revolution in Communication to Folklorization of Digital Postmodernity

Artificial intelligence nowadays has transformed the main characteristics of mass and interpersonal communication. Chat GPT is both a channel of communication and an equal participant in the communication process. In such a way, a correction has been made in the classical models of communication, such as the models of Schramm or Shannon-Weaver, where the sender, the receiver and the channel are separate elements in the communication process. The fact that Chat GPT can be both the sender and the channel of the message predetermines its significant role in communication. In addition to the numerous advantages of the artificial intelligence, the paper also examines some serious challenges that modern civilization has faced, such as the questions of the development of cognitive abilities, talents and skills of individuals in the presence of chatbots, the interrelations between technology and psychological well-being of human beings, and the need for legal and ethical regulation of the use of Chat GPT.

Race Unity, World Peace, and the Perfectability of Humankind

Abstract Utopianism, wild optimism, and a spreading conviction that the many ills of the world could be remedied with just the right formulas punctuated the final decades of the Victorian era. Given the absence of outright global conflicts and pandemics, the seeming triumph of industrialism, the conquest and occupation by Europe of remote areas of the globe, and a communications revolution that knit distant regions more easily to mother countries, leading figures of the period thought that they could confidently succeed in making the planet a much better and much more humanly rewarding enterprise.

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for wireless communications: Overview of hardware designs, channel models, and estimation techniques

The demanding objectives for the future sixth generation (6G) of wireless communication networks have spurred recent research efforts on novel materials and radio-frequency front-end architectures for wireless connectivity, as well as revolutionary communication and computing paradigms. Among the pioneering candidate technologies for 6G belong the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), which are artificial planar structures with integrated electronic circuits that can be programmed to manipulate the incoming electromagnetic field in a wide variety of functionalities. Incorporating RISs in wireless networks have been recently advocated as a revolutionary means to transform any wireless signal propagation environment to a dynamically programmable one, intended for various networking objectives, such as coverage extension and capacity boosting, spatiotemporal focusing with benefits in energy efficiency and secrecy, and low electromagnetic field exposure. Motivated by the recent increasing interests in the field of RISs and the consequent pioneering concept of the RIS-enabled smart wireless environments, in this paper, we overview and taxonomize the latest advances in RIS hardware architectures as well as the most recent developments in the modeling of RIS unit elements and RIS-empowered wireless signal propagation. We also present a thorough overview of the channel estimation approaches for RIS-empowered communications systems, which constitute a prerequisite step for the optimized incorporation of RISs in future wireless networks. Finally, we discuss the relevance of the RIS technology in the latest wireless communication standards, and highlight the current and future standardization activities for the RIS technology and the consequent RIS-empowered wireless networking approaches.

Reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided wireless communications: An overview

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technology, which will hopefully bring a new revolution in wireless communications. The RIS technology can be deployed in an indoor/outdoor environment to dynamically manipulate the propagation environment. The RIS consists of a large number of independently controllable passive elements, and these elements are involved in realizing high passive beamforming gain. Different from the conventional active phased antenna array, there is no dedicated radio-frequency (RF) chain installed at the RIS to perform complex signal processing operations. Therefore, it does not incur additional noise while retransmitting the incident wave, which is substantially a unique feature from the conventional wireless communication systems. Taking advantage of its working principle, RIS has been deployed in various practical scenarios. In this tutorial, at first we will review the latest advances in RIS, including the application scenarios such as the system and channel model, the information theoretic analysis, the physical realization and design, key signal processing techniques such as precoding and channel estimation, and prototyping. Finally, we discuss interesting future research problems for the RIS-aided communications.

Visible beyond Violet: How Butterflies Manage Ultraviolet.

Simple SummaryMany animals, including insects, evolved sensitivity to ultraviolet light (UV). The presence of UV photoreceptors in the visual systems of many animals shows that UV-reflective traits are as important as other visible cues. Ultraviolet patterns on the surfaces of butterflies are among the most intricate UV-reflecting structures in the animal kingdom and they have been recognised and studied for many years. These patterns are often involved in intraspecific and interspecific interactions as signals of species identity or a cue reflecting the individual’s biological quality. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about the significance of UV patterns in lepidopteran reproduction, including their role in mate choice and intrasexual competition. We focus on the mechanisms that produce UV colouration, discuss UV pattern variation in response to changing ecological factors, their adaptive function, and generally evaluate the evolutionary significance of communication in the ultraviolet spectrum.Ultraviolet (UV) means ‘beyond violet’ (from Latin ‘ultra’, meaning ‘beyond’), whereby violet is the colour with the highest frequencies in the ‘visible’ light spectrum. By ‘visible’ we mean human vision, but, in comparison to many other organisms, human visual perception is rather limited in terms of the wavelengths it can perceive. Still, this is why communication in the UV spectrum is often called hidden, although it most likely plays an important role in communicating various kinds of information among a wide variety of organisms. Since Silberglied’s revolutionary Communication in the Ultraviolet, comprehensive studies on UV signals in a wide list of genera are lacking. This review investigates the significance of UV reflectance (and UV absorption)—a feature often neglected in intra- and interspecific communication studies—mainly in Lepidoptera. Although the text focuses on various butterfly families, links and connections to other animal groups, such as birds, are also discussed in the context of ecology and the evolution of species. The basic mechanisms of UV colouration and factors shaping the characteristics of UV patterns are also discussed in a broad context of lepidopteran communication.